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Accessibility and Signage for Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure ACCESSIBILITY AND SIGNAGE FOR PLUG-IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE Report and Recommendations May 2012 This report was developed by the California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Collaborative, a multi-stakeholder partnership working to ensure a strong and enduring transition to a plug-in electric vehicle marketplace. Members played a guiding and consulting role in developing the report, although individual organizations may not formally endorse every recommendation. The PEV Collaborative would like to thank Barbara Lee of the Northern Sonoma County Air Pollution Control District as the lead author of this report. The document was developed by volunteers of the Collaborative Working Groups and Collaborative staff. A special thanks to Dave Head of Sonoma County and Jim Helmer of LightMoves for their contributions. Accessibility & Signage Report www.PEVCollaborative.org 2 May 2012 California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Collaborative James Boyd, 2012 Chairman Diane Wittenberg, Executive Director California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Collaborative California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Collaborative Adrienne Alvord Bonnie Lowenthal Union of Concerned Scientists California State Assembly Robert Babik Richard Lowenthal General Motors Coulomb Technologies Forrest Beanum Ron Mahabir CODA Automotive Greenlots Janice Berman Marvin Moon Pacific Gas and Electric Company Los Angeles Department of Water and Power John Boesel Mary Nichols CALSTART California Air Resources Board Dan Bowermaster Diarmuid O’Connell Electric Power Research Institute Tesla Motors, Inc. Elisabeth Brinton Terry O'Day Sacramento Municipal Utility District NRG Energy Jack Broadbent Alex Padilla Bay Area Air Quality Management District California State Senate Dan Davids Colin Read Plug In America ECOtality Nancy Gioia Clifford Rechtschaffen Ford Motor Company Office of Governor Edmund G. Brown Jr. Elmer Hardy Michael Peevey Honda Motor Company California Public Utilities Commission Bonnie Holmes - Gen Carla Peterman American Lung Association in California California Energy Commission Roland Hwang Nancy Skinner Natural Resources Defense Council California State Assembly Enid Joffe Tom Turrentine Clean Fuel Connection, Inc. Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis Christine Kehoe Eileen Tutt California State Senate California Electric Transportation Coalition Alex Kim Barry Wallerstein San Diego Gas and Electric South Coast Air Quality Management District Doug Kim V. John White Southern California Edison CEERT Andreas Klugescheid Jason Wolf BMW Group Representative Office California Better Place Barbara Lee Tracy Woodard Northern Sonoma County Air Pollution Control District Nissan North America, Inc. Alan Lloyd Toshio Yoshidome International Council on Clean Transportation Toyota North America Accessibility & Signage Report www.PEVCollaborative.org 3 May 2012 Table of Contents Executive Summary 5 Purpose of Report and Intended Use 6 Background 7 Discussion of Projected PEV Fleet and Users 7 Overview of PEV Infrastructure Expansion 8 Accessible Charging 8 Identifying, Locating, and Designating Charging Stations 9 Recommended Guidelines 11 Accessible Electric Vehicle Parking 12 Accessible Electric Vehicle Charging 12 Installation with Construction of New Facilities 13 Installation at Existing Facilities 20 Installation of Accessible Card-reading Devices 28 Electric Vehicle Signage 30 General Service Signs 30 Regulatory Signs 32 Conclusions and Next Steps 34 Definitions 35 Endnotes 39 Accessibility & Signage Report www.PEVCollaborative.org 4 May 2012 Executive Summary The California Plug-In Electric and should not be construed Vehicle (PEV) Collaborative to do so. provided recommendations and suggested actions to accomplish The PEV Collaborative the six goals outlined for PEV recommends accessibility market success in its 2010 report, standards for charging Taking Charge: Establishing infrastructure installed as part of California Leadership in the Plug-In the new construction of facilities, Electric Vehicle Marketplace. Two and also standards for installations of these goals relate to vehicle at existing facilities. The charging infrastructure. The first is recommended standards to simplify and prioritize home distinguish between charging that charging installations, and the is publicly available and charging second is to optimize the that is restricted in access (e.g., placement of non-residential residential). charging infrastructure. To achieve these two goals, the PEV The PEV Collaborative also Collaborative suggested several recommends standardized general actions that will benefit from early purpose signs to identify charging standardization on issues such as stations and direct users to the charging accessibility, and signage stations, and regulatory signs to to locate, identify, and restrict the designate the permissible uses of use of charging facilities. To the charging facilities and to advance these actions, the PEV prohibit certain uses where Collaborative established a necessary. All regulatory signs Working Group on Infrastructure must be supported by appropriate Coordination to develop rules, ordinances, or policies. recommendations on accessibility and signage for plug-in electric To ensure that the intent of the vehicle charging infrastructure. main provisions of these recommendations is clearly This report provides a clear understood, this report includes delineation of the service provided definitions of key terms used. The by charging infrastructure and is report includes additional intended to ensure that charging is definitions that could be accessible and complies with incorporated into some of the federal and state requirements. supporting rules, ordinances, or The report also endorses standard policies that property owners or signs that comport with federal and local jurisdictions would need to put state requirements for highway and in place to implement some of the street signs. The report does not recommendations. provide any legal advice, however, Accessibility & Signage Report www.PEVCollaborative.org 5 May 2012 Purpose of Report and Intended Use This report has been prepared by Among the efforts reviewed and members of California Plug-In incorporated are: the County of Electric Vehicle (PEV) Sonoma Electric Vehicle Charging Collaborative. The Station Program and Installation recommendations in this report are Guidelines,1 and Ready, Set, intended to encourage and support Charge, California! A Guide to EV- the efficient and effective Ready Communities2 by the Bay introduction of PEVs. In particular, Area Climate Collaborative. The this report recommends a PEV Collaborative members also consistent set of definitions of consulted with subject matter terms and infrastructure installation experts, PEV users, fleet guidelines for accessibility and managers, architects, accessibility signage with the intent that these specialists, and labor aspects of infrastructure installation organizations. will become more standardized and consistent across jurisdictions, This report includes making it more efficient and cost recommendations that can help effective. standardize and streamline the installation of charging In preparing these infrastructure for PEVs. These recommendations, the PEV recommendations are not Collaborative considered the regulatory. The report does not important work underway by provide legal advice, nor should it several groups that have emerged be construed to do so. It is also not into leadership roles in the early intended to endorse any particular installation of PEV infrastructure. product. Accessibility & Signage Report www.PEVCollaborative.org 6 May 2012 Background To understand the importance and standardization of signage for necessity of providing accessible charging stations. PEV charging infrastructure and standardized signage to achieve Discussion of Projected PEV market success, it is valuable PEV Fleet and Users to examine the projected growth of Currently, the California market the PEV market and supporting accounts for 11% of annual new infrastructure in California, and the car sales nationally, at more than current state of accessible charging 1.1 million cars per year. By 2020, stations and signage. This section annual California car sales are discusses the projected expansion expected to grow to 1.7 million. of the PEV fleet and users, California also has a strong track provides an overview of PEV record for early adoption of green infrastructure expansion, describes vehicle technology, accounting for the concept of accessible charging, more than 20% of new hybrid and provides information about the electric vehicles sold in the Figure 1: A vision for sustained market expansion in California 1,000,000’s Cumulative PEVs CALIFORNIA PEVs CALIFORNIA 100,000’s Annual PEV Sales 10,000’s 2010 2020 Market Launch Market Growth Market Takeoff Source: California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Collaborative, Taking Charge: Establishing California Leadership in the Plug-In Electric Vehicle Marketplace (2010). Accessibility & Signage Report www.PEVCollaborative.org 7 May 2012 United States.3 A number of firms and organizations have prepared analyses of the future California market for electric vehicles. Estimates of market penetration in 2020 range from roughly 2% to almost 14%.4 The California Air Resources Board estimates electric vehicles will make up approximately 5% of new vehicle sales in California by 2020.5 As Figure 1 shows, if these projections for 2020 are borne out, annual sales of PEVs will be in the hundreds of
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