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Topola Poplar TOPOLA POPLAR 2009 (MMIX) NOVI SAD NO 183/184 YU ISSN 0563-9034 Izdavač ISTRAŢIVAČKO RAZVOJNI INSTITUT ZA NIZIJSKO ŠUMARSTVO I ŢIVOTNU SREDINU Redakcioni odbor Dr Saša Orlović, Dr Bojana Klašnja, Dr Savo Rončević, Dr Zoran Galić, Dr Petar Ivanišević, Dr Branislav Kovačević, Dr Vladislava Galović, Dr Siniša Andrašev - Institut za nizijsko šumarstvo i ţivotnu sredinu, Novi Sad Dr Sc. Hojka Kraigher - Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia Assoc. Prof. Dr. Iantcho Naidenov - Forest Protection Station, Sofia, Bulgaria Dr. Károly Rédei - Forest Research Institute (ERTI), Budapest, Hungary Glavni i odgovorni urednik Dr Saša Orlović Glavni urednik Dr Branislav Kovačević Tehnički urednik Mr Leopold Poljaković-Pajnik Prevod na engleski UDK klasifikacija Mr Ana Tonić Radmila Kevrešan Štampa Štamparija "Old commerce" – Novi Sad Uredništvo i administracija: Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13, telefon: +381 21 540 383, +381 21 540 384, Fax +381 21 540 385, Tekući račun: Continental banka a.d. 310- 15276-72. Časopis izlazi dva puta godišnje SADRŽAJ CONTENT Galić Z., Ivanišević P., Orlović S., Redei K., Pekeĉ S., Kebert M. MONITORING SEZONSKE DINAMIKE VLAŢNOSTI RAZLIĈITIH FORMI ALUVIJALNOG ZEMLJIŠTA ZA UZGOJ TOPOLA U SREDNJEM PODUNAVLJU KOD NOVOG SADA Galić Z., Ivanišević P., Orlović S., Redei K., Pekeč S., Kebert M. MONITORING OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF MOISTURE OF DIFFERENT SOILS FOR THE CULTIVATION OF POPLAR IN THE MIDDLE DANUBE BASIN NEAR NOVI SAD 5 Drekić, M., Vasić, V., Poljaković – Pajnik, L., Galović, V. EFIKASNOST TIAMETOKSAMA, DELTAMETRINA I TIAKLOPRIDA U SUZBIJANJU PLAVE VRBINE BUBE LISTARE (Phyllodecta vitellinae L.) Drekić, M., Vasić, V., Poljaković – Pajnik, L., Galović, V. EFFICACY OF THIAMETHOXAM, DELTAMETHRIN AND THIACLOPRID IN CONTROLING BLUE WILLOW LEAF BEETLE (Phyllodecta vitellinae L.) 21 Klašnja B., Orlović S., Galić Z., Kebert M., Stevanov M. HEMIJSKI SASTAV DRVETA ODABRANIH KLONOVA TOPOLA Klašnja B., Orlović S., Galić Z., Kebert M., Stevanov M. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WOOD OF SOME POPLAR CLONES 29 Pekeĉ S., Ivanišević P., Orlović S. PRILOG IZUĈAVANJU KARAKTERISTIKA ZEMLJIŠTA U PLAVNOM DELU SREDNJEG POTISJA Pekeč S., Ivanišević P., Orlović S. CONTRIBUTION TO RESEARCH OF SOILS’ CHARACTERISTICS IN THE FLOOD PART CENTRAL TISA BASIN 39 Galić Z., Ivanišević P., Orlović S., Klašnja B., Kebert M., Perović M., Vulević R. PRILOG POZNAVANJU OPTIMALNIH EDAFSKIH USLOVA ZA PROIZVODNJU SADNOG MATERIJALA TOPOLA Galić Z., Ivanišević P., Orlović S., Klašnja B., Kebert M., Perović M., Vulević R. CONTRIBUTION TO KNOWLEDGE OF OPTIMAL EDAPHIC CONDITIONS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POPLAR SEEDLINGS 47 Andrašev, S., Ronĉević S., Ivanišević, P. ZNAĈAJ DIMENZIJA SADNICA TIPA 1/2 NA IZBOR OPTIMALNE GUSTINE SADNJE KOD TRI KLONA CRNIH TOPOLA SEKCIJE AIGEIROS (DUBY) Andrašev, S., Rončević S., Ivanišević, P. EFFECTS OF DIMENSIONS OF NURSERY PLANTS TYPE 1/2 ON CHOICE OF OPTIMAL PLANTING DENSITY IN THREE CLONES OF BLACK POPLAR SECTION AIGEIROS (DUBY) 55 Klašnja B., Orlović S., Redei K., Galić Z., Stevanov M. MOGUĆNOSTI PRIMENE BIOMASE SEDMOGODIŠNJEG ZASADA TOPOLA ZA DOBIJANJE ENERGIJE Klašnja B., Orlović S., Redei K., Galić Z., Stevanov M. THE POSSIBILIES OF UTILIZATION OF BIOMASS FROM SEVEN-YEAR POPLAR PLANTATION FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION 75 Drekić M., Kovaĉević B., Poljaković-Pajnik L., Pap P., Marković M., Vasić V. PROUĈAVANJE STEPENA PREFERENCIJE MALOG TOPOLINOG STAKLOKRILCA I JOVINOG SURLAŠA PREMA KLONOVIMA CRNIH TOPOLA Drekić M., Kovačević B., Poljaković-Pajnik L., Pap P., Marković M., Vasić V. STUDY OF PREFERENCE DEGREE OF POPLAR CLEARWING MOTH AND WILLOW WEEVIL VERSUS BLACK POPLAR CLONES 87 Katanić M., Orlović S., Galić Z., Kovaĉević B., Kraigher H. MYCORRHIZATION OF POPLARS (Populus sp.) Katanić M., Orlović S., Galić Z., Kovačević B., Kraigher H. MIKORIZACIJA TOPOLA (Populus sp.) 95 Galović V., Orlović S., Pap P., Kovaĉević B., Marković M. MOLEKULARNA KARAKTERIZACIJA PROUZROKOVAĈA RĐA TOPOLA (Melampsora spp.) Galović V., Orlović S., Pap P., Kovačević B., Marković M. MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF CAUSAL AGENTS OF POPLAR RUSTS (Melampsora spp.) 115 Galović V., Orlović S., Vasić V., Poljaković-Pajnik L., Drekić M., Pap P. GENETIĈKI DIVERZITET Ambrosia sp. NA PODRUĈJU RAVNOG SREMA Galović V., Orlović S., Vasić V., Poljaković-Pajnik L., Drekić M., Pap P. GENETIC DIVERSITY OF Ambrosia sp. IN THE AREA OF RAVNI SREM 121 Stanković D., Trivan G. ODRŢIVI RAZVOJ U KONCEPCIJI MULTIDISCIPLINARNOG PRISTUPA ZAŠTITE ŢIVOTNE SREDINE Stanković D., Trivan G. 3 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE CONCEPT OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH OF ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 129 4 o Topola N 183/184 (2009) str. 5-20 UDK: 631.432.2 (497.113 Novi Sad) Izvorni nauĉni rad Original scientific paper MONITORING SEZONSKE DINAMIKE VLAŢNOSTI RAZLIČITIH FORMI ALUVIJALNOG ZEMLJIŠTA ZA UZGOJ TOPOLA U SREDNJEM PODUNAVLJU KOD NOVOG SADA Galić Zoran1, Ivanišević Petar1, Orlović Saša1, Redei Karoly2, Pekeĉ Saša1, Kebert Marko1 Izvod: U radu je izvršena analiza dinamike momentalne vlaţnosti nerazvijenog aluvijalnog zemljišta (fluvisola) u periodu od ĉetiri godine na rasadniĉkim površinama na Oglednom dobru Instituta za nizijsko šumarstvo i ţivotnu sredinu u Novom Sadu. U periodu istraţivanja je u proseku utvrĊen trend povećanja srednje meseĉne temperature vazduha u odnosu na normalu srednji meseĉnih temperature vazduha (1960-1991) za istraţivano podruĉje. Srednje temperature vazduha u 2003 su bile i do 4,6 ºC veće u normalu srednjih meseĉnih temperatura. Deficiti padavina u istraţivanom periodu u odnosu na normalu su utvrĊeni u 2000, 2002 i 2003 godini. Prouĉavana nerazvijena aluvijalna zemljišta (fluvisol) su relativno homogenih svojstava. Tokom vegetacionih perioda sa izraţenim deficitom (2000, 2002 i 2003. godina) na svim lokalitetima su utvrĊene sliĉne dinamike vlaţnosti zemljišta po dubini ĉitavog profila. Razlike su se javila I za vegetacioni period 2001. godine, u kojoj je zabeleţena normalna raspodela padavina, a time su i promene u opskrbljenosti vodom najmanje. Ključne reči: nerazvijeno aluvijalno zemljište, vlaţnost zemljišta, monitoring MONITORING OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF MOISTURE OF DIFFERENT SOILS FOR THE CULTIVATION OF POPLAR IN THE MIDDLE DANUBE BASIN NEAR NOVI SAD Abstract: The paper analyzed the dynamics of moisture in the immediate period of four years in the areas of experimental field of the Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment in Novi Sad. The higher average air temperature is determined for the entire period of study. The trend of increasing air temperature was positive, and high temperatures were up to 4.6 º C higher than normal. Deficit rainfall in the researched period, compared to normal were established in 2000, 2002 and 2003. Plots were relatively homogeneous properties. During the period vegetacionih a pronounced deficit (2000, 2002 and 2003. Years) at all sites were found similar dynamics in momentalnoj soil moisture at the depth of the entire profile. The 1 Dr Zoran Galić - viši nauĉni saradnik, Dr Petar Ivanišević, Dr Saša Orlović – nauĉni savetnik, Mr Saša Pekeĉ – istraţivaĉ saradnik, Kebert Marko – istraţivaĉ pripravnik Institut za nizijsko šumarstvo i ţivotnu sredinu u Novom Sadu Antona Ĉehova 13, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Dr Karoly Redei – ERTI Budapest, Hungary 5 o Topola N 183/184 (2009) str. 5-20 differences occur for the vegetational period of 2001 where the climate was favorable, and where the changes were in the water at least. Key words: fluvisol, soil moisture, monitoring 1. UVOD Zemljište ima sposobnost da upija vodu, da je propušta kroz profil kao deo slobodne vode i da je zadrţava u vidu razliĉitih kategorija (Vuĉić, 1976 ). Period kritiĉan za snabdevanje biljaka vodom na nerazvijenom aluvijalnom zemljištu (fluvisolu) u najvećoj meri, kada su u pitanju osobine zemljišta, zavisi od vodno- fiziĉkih osobina zemljišta (Ţivanov, 1977; Ćirić, 1984; Ţivanov i Ivanišević, 1986; Ivanišević, 1991, Galić, 2000, Galić, 2008). Kvantitativne karakteristike vodnih svojstava nerazvijenog aluvijalnog zemljišta (fluvisola) ĉine vodne konstante (Vuĉić, 1976). Isti autor navodi da vlaţnost venjenja odvaja zemljišnu vodu pristupaĉnu biljkama i korisnu za njihov rast i razviće, od vode koja je teško pristupaĉna biljkama. Poznato je da pod izvesnim uslovima biljke mogu da koriste vodu iz zemljišta i ispod vlaţnosti venjenja (ĉak do maksimalnog higroskopiciteta). O monitoringu dinamike kretanja vlaţnosti šumskih zemljišta postoje vrlo oskudni literaturni podaci. Iz navedenog razloga je izvršeno istraţivanje sezonske dinamike vlaţnosti po dubini profila nerazvijenog aluvijalnog zemljišta (fluvisola) u branjenom delu aluvijalne ravni Srednjeg Podunavlja. Na osnovu dosadašnjih istraţivanja nerazvijena aluvijalna zemljišta (fluvisoli) se obrazuju u priobalnom genetiĉkom delu poloja reke, kojeg karakterišu nagle promene mikroreljefa (Šumakov, 1960; Ţivanov, 1977; Ćirić, 1984; Ţivanov i Ivanišević, 1986). Nagle promene mikroreljefa uslovljavaju veliku varijabilnost svojstava, posebno teksturnog sastava, a time i vodnovazdušnog reţima ovih zemljišta. Moćnost humusnog horizonta ne prelazi 30 cm ispod kojeg leţe slojevi razliĉite debljine i teksture. Fiziĉka i hemijska svojstva nerazvijenog aluvijalnog zemljišta (fluvisola) najĉešće zavise od granulometrijskog sastava i porekla nanosa. Nerazvijena aluvijalna zemljišta (fluvisole) u Srednjem Podunavlju karakteriše visoka alkalnost i karbonatnost aluvijalnog nanosa (Ţivković, et al. 1972). Najvaţnije fiziĉko svojstvo nerazvijenog aluvijalnog zemljišta (fluvisola) kao tipa zemljišta je granulometrijski sastav zemljišta,
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