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Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty and Voice of America: Soft Power and the Free Flow of Information
RADIO FREE EUROPE/RADIO LIBERTY AND VOICE OF AMERICA: SOFT POWER AND THE FREE FLOW OF INFORMATION HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON EUROPE OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JULY 23, 2009 Serial No. 111–24 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.foreignaffairs.house.gov/ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 51–255PDF WASHINGTON : 2009 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 17:26 Sep 08, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 F:\WORK\EU\072309\51255.000 HFA PsN: SHIRL COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS HOWARD L. BERMAN, California, Chairman GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey Samoa DAN BURTON, Indiana DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey ELTON GALLEGLY, California BRAD SHERMAN, California DANA ROHRABACHER, California ROBERT WEXLER, Florida DONALD A. MANZULLO, Illinois ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York EDWARD R. ROYCE, California BILL DELAHUNT, Massachusetts RON PAUL, Texas GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York JEFF FLAKE, Arizona DIANE E. WATSON, California MIKE PENCE, Indiana RUSS CARNAHAN, Missouri JOE WILSON, South Carolina ALBIO SIRES, New Jersey JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas GERALD E. CONNOLLY, Virginia J. GRESHAM BARRETT, South Carolina MICHAEL E. MCMAHON, New York CONNIE MACK, Florida JOHN S. TANNER, Tennessee JEFF FORTENBERRY, Nebraska GENE GREEN, Texas MICHAEL T. -
Slavery Today INT 8/8/03 12:08 PM Page 1
AI Slavery Today INT 8/8/03 12:08 PM Page 1 Slavery Today Auriana Ojeda, Book Editor Daniel Leone, President Bonnie Szumski, Publisher Scott Barbour, Managing Editor Helen Cothran, Senior Editor San Diego • Detroit • New York • San Francisco • Cleveland New Haven, Conn. • Waterville, Maine • London • Munich AI Slavery Today INT 8/8/03 12:08 PM Page 2 © 2004 by Greenhaven Press. Greenhaven Press is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Greenhaven® and Thomson Learning™ are trademarks used herein under license. For more information, contact Greenhaven Press 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Or you can visit our Internet site at http://www.gale.com ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution or information storage retrieval systems—without the written permission of the publisher. Every effort has been made to trace the owners of copyrighted material. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA Slavery today / Auriana Ojeda, book editor. p. cm. — (At issue) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7377-1614-2 (pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-7377-1613-4 (lib. bdg. : alk. paper) 1. Slavery. 2. Slave labor. I. Ojeda, Auriana, 1977– . II. At issue (San Diego, Calif.) HT871.S55 2004 306.3'62—dc21 2003051617 Printed in the United States of America AI Slavery Today INT 8/8/03 12:08 PM Page 3 Contents Page Introduction 4 1. -
Roth Book Notes--Mcluhan.Pdf
Book Notes: Reading in the Time of Coronavirus By Jefferson Scholar-in-Residence Dr. Andrew Roth Mediated America Part Two: Who Was Marshall McLuhan & What Did He Say? McLuhan, Marshall. The Mechanical Bride: Folklore of Industrial Man. (New York: Vanguard Press, 1951). McLuhan, Marshall and Bruce R. Powers. The Global Village: Transformations in World Life and Media in the 21st Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989). McLuhan, Marshall. The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1962). McLuhan, Marshall. Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1994. Originally Published 1964). The Mechanical Bride: The Gutenberg Galaxy Understanding Media: The Folklore of Industrial Man by Marshall McLuhan Extensions of Man by Marshall by Marshall McLuhan McLuhan and Lewis H. Lapham Last week in Book Notes, we discussed Norman Mailer’s discovery in Superman Comes to the Supermarket of mediated America, that trifurcated world in which Americans live simultaneously in three realms, in three realities. One is based, more or less, in the physical world of nouns and verbs, which is to say people, other creatures, and things (objects) that either act or are acted upon. The second is a world of mental images lodged between people’s ears; and, third, and most importantly, the mediasphere. The mediascape is where the two worlds meet, filtering back and forth between each other sometimes in harmony but frequently in a dissonant clanging and clashing of competing images, of competing cultures, of competing realities. Two quick asides: First, it needs to be immediately said that Americans are not the first ever and certainly not the only 21st century denizens of multiple realities, as any glimpse of Japanese anime, Chinese Donghua, or British Cosplay Girls Facebook page will attest, but Americans first gave it full bloom with the “Hollywoodization,” the “Disneyfication” of just about anything, for when Mae West murmured, “Come up and see me some time,” she said more than she could have ever imagined. -
Globalization and Its Effects on Democratic Systems At
of Socia al lo rn m u ic o s J Journal of Socialomics Sarmadi and Badri, J Socialomics 2017, 6:3 ISSN: 2167-0358 DOI: 10.1472/2167-0358.1000204 Mini Review Open Access Globalization and its Effects on Democratic Systems at Authoritarian Edge of Persian-Gulf Countries in Outlook of Francis Fukuyama and Samuel Huntington Theories Hamid Sarmadi*and Mortaza Badri Department of Politics and Law, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran *Corresponding author: Hamid Sarmadi, Ph. D. of Political Science, Department of Politics and Law, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Tel: + 98 21 22 56 51 49; E-mail: [email protected] Rec date: May 26, 2017; Acc date: Jun 26, 2017; Pub date: Jul 05,2017 Copyright: © 2017 Sarmadi H, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Terms formation like that globalization, world village, information era, lattice society and international common language indicate rising substantial changes in our peripheral circumstance. Today rate of life changes is very fast with widely range effect that intensify modernity dynamics. Today we are in subject appearance of global industry communications, formation of transnational institutions, fade of political borders, structural and institutional similarity of societies, internationalization of local issues, increase of social interactions and communications bulk and another common global challenge. All this change realizable in globalization paradigm. This phenomenon with its increaser validation along with global language, realize unprecedented level of transnational and human communications. -
Introduction
NOTES Introduction 1. Robert Kagan to George Packer. Cited in Packer’s The Assassin’s Gate: America In Iraq (Faber and Faber, London, 2006): 38. 2. Stefan Halper and Jonathan Clarke, America Alone: The Neoconservatives and the Global Order (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004): 9. 3. Critiques of the war on terror and its origins include Gary Dorrien, Imperial Designs: Neoconservatism and the New Pax Americana (Routledge, New York and London, 2004); Francis Fukuyama, After the Neocons: America At the Crossroads (Profile Books, London, 2006); Ira Chernus, Monsters to Destroy: The Neoconservative War on Terror and Sin (Paradigm Publishers, Boulder, CO and London, 2006); and Jacob Heilbrunn, They Knew They Were Right: The Rise of the Neocons (Doubleday, New York, 2008). 4. A report of the PNAC, Rebuilding America’s Defenses: Strategy, Forces and Resources for a New Century, September 2000: 76. URL: http:// www.newamericancentury.org/RebuildingAmericasDefenses.pdf (15 January 2009). 5. On the first generation on Cold War neoconservatives, which has been covered far more extensively than the second, see Gary Dorrien, The Neoconservative Mind: Politics, Culture and the War of Ideology (Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 1993); Peter Steinfels, The Neoconservatives: The Men Who Are Changing America’s Politics (Simon and Schuster, New York, 1979); Murray Friedman, The Neoconservative Revolution: Jewish Intellectuals and the Shaping of Public Policy (Cambridge University Press, New York, 2005); Murray Friedman ed. Commentary in American Life (Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 2005); Mark Gerson, The Neoconservative Vision: From the Cold War to the Culture Wars (Madison Books, Lanham MD; New York; Oxford, 1997); and Maria Ryan, “Neoconservative Intellectuals and the Limitations of Governing: The Reagan Administration and the Demise of the Cold War,” Comparative American Studies, Vol. -
Theoretical Framework
Ascendancy to Power – a Structural Realist Account of the Neo-Conservatives’ Rising Influence Over American Foreign Policy By Elvin Gjevori Submitted to Central European University Department of International Relations and European Studies In Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in International Relations and European Studies Supervisor: Professor Erin Kristin Jenne CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2007 (17,238 words) i Abstract Neo-conservatism is a doctrine that has been increasingly analyzed and debated in the last years because of its growing influence on the foreign policy of the United States. Despite the growing body of scholarship on the movement, little or no attention has been paid to the structural causes of the neocons’ success in influencing U.S. foreign policy, with most authors focused on personalities and historical moments to account for their increasing influence on American foreign policy. In contrast to accounts that rely on historically contingent events, this thesis provides a structural realist account of the growing influence of the neo-conservative ideology on American foreign policy in the later part of the twentieth century and at the turn of the twenty-first century. The thesis shows that the ascendancy of neocons to power is best understood by analyzing the permissive structural conditions of the international system after the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the USSR. CEU eTD Collection ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................................II -
Neoconservatives Among Us? Astudy of Former Dissidents' Discourse
43 L 62 Neoconservatives Among Us? A Study of Former Dissidents’ Discourse* JENI SCHALLER Abstract: Neoconservative political thought has been characterized as “distinctly American”, but could there be fertile ground for its basic tenets in post-communist Europe? This paper takes an initial look at the acceptance of the ideas of American neo- conservative foreign policy among Czech elites who were dissidents under the communist regime. Open-ended, semi-structured interviews with eight former dissidents were con- ducted and then analyzed against a background of some fundamental features of neocon- servative foreign policy. Discourse analysis is the primary method of examination of the texts. Although a coherent discourse among Czech former dissidents cannot be said to ex- ist, certain aspects reminiscent of American neoconservative thought were found. Key words: neoconservatism, Czech dissidents, foreign policy, discourse analysis I. INTRODUCTION Neoconservatism, as a strain of political thought in the United States, has been represented as “distinctly American” and Irving Kristol, often considered the “godfather” of neoconservatism, emphatically states “[t]here is nothing like neoconservatism in Europe” (Kristol 2003: 33). Analyst Jeffrey Gedmin writes that the “environment for neoconservatism as such is an inhospitable one” in Europe, especially Germany (Gedmin 2004: 291). The states of Cen- tral Europe, in contrast to many of the established continental EU members, represent a rather more pro-American stance. With groups of former dissi- dents whose political leanings are in part informed by the American anti- communist, pro-democracy policies of the 1970s and 1980s, could there be a more hospitable environment for neoconservative ideas in a Central Euro- pean state such as the Czech Republic? The Czech dissident community was not as extensive or well-organised as that in Poland or even Hungary, largely due to the post-1968 “normalisation” in Czechoslovakia. -
The Limits to Tax: Efficiency, Equity and International Competition
The Limits to Tax 5/12/06 3:14 pm Page 1 Irwin Stelzer The Limits to Tax: Efficiency, Equity and International Competition The Limits to Tax 5/12/06 3:14 pm Page 2 POLITEIA: A Forum for Social and Economic Thinking Politeia commissions and publishes discussions by specialists about social and economic ideas and policies. It aims to encourage public discussion on the relationship between the state and the people. Its aim is not to influence people to support any given political party, candidates for election, or position in a referendum, but to inform public discussion of policy. The forum is independently funded, and the publications do not express a corporate opinion, but the views of their individual authors. Patron The Most Hon The Marquess of Salisbury DL Director Dr Sheila Lawlor Advisory Council Professor Tim Congdon CBE Professor David Dilks Professor Harold James Professor Deepak Lal Sir Geoffrey Leigh The Rt Hon Oliver Letwin MP The Rt Hon Francis Maude MP Stuart Wheeler David Willetts MP Sir Brian Williamson CBE Founder Directors Maurice Cowling (d. August 2005) Sheila Lawlor The Reverend Canon The Lord Pilkington of Oxenford The Limits to Tax 5/12/06 3:14 pm Page 3 The Limits to Tax: Efficiency, Equity and International Competition Irwin Stelzer POLITEIA 2006 The Limits to Tax 5/12/06 3:14 pm Page 4 First published in 2006 by Politeia 22 Charing Cross Road London WC2H 0QP Tel: 020 7240 5070 Fax: 020 7240 5095 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.politeia.co.uk © Politeia 2006 Policy Series No. -
The 2004 Election from a Historical Perspective
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Fall 2007 Man Behind The Curtain: The 2004 Election from a Historical Perspective Melissa Michelle Merritt Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Recommended Citation Merritt, Melissa Michelle, "Man Behind The Curtain: The 2004 Election from a Historical Perspective" (2007). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 590. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/590 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THEMANBEHINDTHECURTAIN: THE2004ELECTIONFROMAHISTORICALPERSPECTIVE by MELISSAM.MERRITT (UndertheDirectionofCraigH.Roell) ABSTRACT The2004electionwasaverycontentiousdisplayofmoderndemocracy.Itillustrated thatpoliticalcandidatesmarketthemselvesasthoughtheywereproductstobebought fromastore.Byutilizingnewspaperarticles,autobiographies,andvariousothersources, thisstudyseekstoshowseveralthings.First,itillustratestheevolutionofpresidential campaignsfromthefirstcontestedelectionuntilthecontroversial2000election.Second, ittracestheriseofthe“ChristianRight.”ItthendelvesintotheColdWarandthe“War onTerror”asacontinuationoftheformer.Finally,thestudyculminateswithan -
The Future of Revolutions at the Fin-De-Siecle
ThirdWorld Quarterly, Vol 18, No 5, pp 791± 820, 1997 Thefuture of revolutions at the ®n-de-sieÁcle JOHN FORAN Istheera ofrevolutionover? Did it end in 1989?And was thatsuch a longtime ago,in any case? Itdoesn’ t necessarilyseem tobe over in places like Mexico (Chiapas),Algeria, Peru or Zaire, and may be just around the corner elsewhere (Egypt?).The discourse of revolution may be changing; the international loci andfoci may be moving(with the demise of the Soviet Union and the tentative consolidationof democracies in Latin America); the actors may be changing (withmore women and ethnic minorities active; though both have long histories ofrevolutionary activism)Ð all of this may be (arguably) true. But this article willargue that revolutions are goingto be with us tothe end of history, andÐ pace FrancisFukuyamaÐ that is notin sight. SocialrevolutionsÐ in Theda Skocpol’ s nowclassic sense of`rapid, basic transformationsof a society’s stateand class structures¼accompanied and in partcarried through by class-based revoltsfrom below’ 1Ðare infact relatively rare eventsby virtue of thedeep degree of transformationthey require to qualify as such.While the issue of`how much’ transformation is enoughto merit the label`social’ is avexingone, most analysts can agree on the list of twentieth- centurysocial revolutions: Russia 1917,China 1949, Cuba 1959, Nicaragua 1979,Iran 1979 in the ® rst instance;and, arguably, Mexico 1910± 20, Vietnam 1945±75, Algeria 1954± 62, and Angola, Zimbabwe and Mozambique in the 1970s,among others, if the de® nition is relaxedsomewhat. (The dates here refer tothe making, not aftermaths, of these revolutions, which were, it should be evident,processes morethan `events’ .) Evenwith the more generous list, we haveno more than a dozeninstances in almost a hundredyears, a `rate’that wouldnot yield quite yet a singlefurther case sincethe momentous events of 1989in China and Eastern Europe, themselves not classi® ableas successful or quitesocial, respectively. -
Liberal Values and the End of History
FEATURE LIBERAL VALUES AND THE END OF HISTORY The Arab Spring’s call for the institutionalisation of liberal values is reason to pause and reconsider Francis Fukuyama’s famed and reviled end of history thesis, argues Benjamin Herscovitch n the dying days of the Cold War, Greg Sheridan objected to Fukuyama’s thesis Francis Fukuyama claimed the world was on the grounds that it was ‘fantastic nonsense’9 witnessing nothing short of ‘an unabashed and ‘spectacularly wrong, rendered almost idiotic victory of economic and political by the turn events have taken.’10 Iliberalism.’1 Since making this stark claim, a To claim that Fukuyama’s thesis was seemingly endless stream of academics and dicredited by an event like the 9/11 terrorist commentators have betrayed their petty attacks betrays either a failure of basic prejudices and intellectual shallowness by comprehension or a failure to actually read condemning Fukuyama as an ignorant liberal Fukuyama’s works. The shockingly sloppy and triumphalist. Rather than a serious comment superficial critiques of Fukuyama’s position on the almost irresistible gravitational pull of advanced by the likes of Sheridan and others liberal values, Fukuyama’s view that ‘there are indicate their total ignorance of the specificities no serious ideological competitors left to liberal of Fukuyama’s thesis. Fukuyama nowhere democracy’2 was taken to be the high-water claims that major events of world historical mark of solipsistic liberalism. significance will not take place. If Fukuyama’s To be sure, it was perhaps both bold and earnest critics had taken the time to first read confrontational to claim we had arrived at his works and then critique, they would have ‘the end of history’3 and that in the wake of realised that what Fukuyama ‘suggested had ‘the twin crises of authoritarianism and socialist come to an end was not the occurrence of central planning,’4 ‘liberal democracy .. -
Semaine N°46 Du 9 Novembre 2019 Au 15 Novembre 2019
SEMAINE N°46 PRO DU 9 NOVEMBRE 2019 AU 15 NOVEMBRE 2019 ©WARNER BROS ENTERTAINMENT INC SAISON 4 - EN PREMIÈRE DIFFUSION FRANCE DÈS LE 10 NOVEMBRE, TOUS LES DIMANCHES 20:50 SEMAINE N°46 PRO DU 9 NOVEMBRE 2019 AU 15 NOVEMBRE 2019 SAM 9 NOV DIM 10 NOV LUN 11 NOV MAR 12 NOV MER 13 NOV JEU 14 NOV VEN 15 NOV 07:25 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 06:50 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 06:35 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 06:30 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 06:45 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 06:50 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 06:30 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 09:10 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 08:25 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 08:15 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 08:10 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 08:30 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 08:30 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 08:10 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 10:50 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 10:15 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 09:55 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 09:55 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 10:05 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 10:15 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 10:00 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 12:40 SAVING HOPE, AU-DELÀ DE LA 12:05 SAVING HOPE, AU-DELÀ DE LA 11:45 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 11:45 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 11:50 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 11:55 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN 11:45 JOSÉPHINE, ANGE GARDIEN MÉDECINE MÉDECINE 13:35 NOS CHERS VOISINS 13:35 NOS CHERS VOISINS 13:35 NOS CHERS VOISINS 13:35 NOS CHERS VOISINS 13:35 NOS CHERS VOISINS 13:30 SAVING HOPE, AU-DELÀ DE LA 13:00 SAVING HOPE, AU-DELÀ DE LA 17:10 LES SIMPSON 17:10 LES SIMPSON 17:10 LES SIMPSON 17:10 LES SIMPSON 17:10 LES SIMPSON MÉDECINE MÉDECINE 17:35 LES SIMPSON 17:35 LES SIMPSON 17:20 LES SIMPSON 17:35 LES SIMPSON 17:35 LES SIMPSON 14:15 SAVING