Migration of Jews to Palestine in the 20Th Century
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The Roman Province of Judea: a Historical Overview
BYU Studies Quarterly Volume 36 Issue 3 Article 23 7-1-1996 The Roman Province of Judea: A Historical Overview John F. Hall Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq Part of the Mormon Studies Commons, and the Religious Education Commons Recommended Citation Hall, John F. (1996) "The Roman Province of Judea: A Historical Overview," BYU Studies Quarterly: Vol. 36 : Iss. 3 , Article 23. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq/vol36/iss3/23 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in BYU Studies Quarterly by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hall: The Roman Province of Judea: A Historical Overview p d tffieffiAinelixnealxAIX romansixulalealliki glnfin ns i u1uaihiihlanilni judeatairstfsuuctfa Published by BYU ScholarsArchive, 1996 1 BYU Studies Quarterly, Vol. 36, Iss. 3 [1996], Art. 23 the roman province judeaofiudeaofofjudea A historical overview john E hall the comingcoining of rome to judea romes acquisition ofofjudeajudea and subsequent involvement in the affairs of that long troubled area came about in largely indirect fashion for centuries judea had been under the control of the hel- lenilenisticstic greek monarchy centered in syria and known as the seleu- cid empire one of the successor states to the far greater empire of alexander the great who conquered the vast reaches of the persian empire toward the end of the fourth century -
1 Jews, Gentiles, and the Modern Egalitarian Ethos
Jews, Gentiles, and the Modern Egalitarian Ethos: Some Tentative Thoughts David Berger The deep and systemic tension between contemporary egalitarianism and many authoritative Jewish texts about gentiles takes varying forms. Most Orthodox Jews remain untroubled by some aspects of this tension, understanding that Judaism’s affirmation of chosenness and hierarchy can inspire and ennoble without denigrating others. In other instances, affirmations of metaphysical differences between Jews and gentiles can take a form that makes many of us uncomfortable, but we have the legitimate option of regarding them as non-authoritative. Finally and most disturbing, there are positions affirmed by standard halakhic sources from the Talmud to the Shulhan Arukh that apparently stand in stark contrast to values taken for granted in the modern West and taught in other sections of the Torah itself. Let me begin with a few brief observations about the first two categories and proceed to somewhat more extended ruminations about the third. Critics ranging from medieval Christians to Mordecai Kaplan have directed withering fire at the doctrine of the chosenness of Israel. Nonetheless, if we examine an overarching pattern in the earliest chapters of the Torah, we discover, I believe, that this choice emerges in a universalist context. The famous statement in the Mishnah (Sanhedrin 4:5) that Adam was created singly so that no one would be able to say, “My father is greater than yours” underscores the universality of the original divine intent. While we can never know the purpose of creation, one plausible objective in light of the narrative in Genesis is the opportunity to actualize the values of justice and lovingkindness through the behavior of creatures who subordinate themselves to the will 1 of God. -
ARTICLES Israel's Migration Balance
ARTICLES Israel’s Migration Balance Demography, Politics, and Ideology Ian S. Lustick Abstract: As a state founded on Jewish immigration and the absorp- tion of immigration, what are the ideological and political implications for Israel of a zero or negative migration balance? By closely examining data on immigration and emigration, trends with regard to the migration balance are established. This article pays particular attention to the ways in which Israelis from different political perspectives have portrayed the question of the migration balance and to the relationship between a declining migration balance and the re-emergence of the “demographic problem” as a political, cultural, and psychological reality of enormous resonance for Jewish Israelis. Conclusions are drawn about the relation- ship between Israel’s anxious re-engagement with the demographic problem and its responses to Iran’s nuclear program, the unintended con- sequences of encouraging programs of “flexible aliyah,” and the intense debate over the conversion of non-Jewish non-Arab Israelis. KEYWORDS: aliyah, demographic problem, emigration, immigration, Israel, migration balance, yeridah, Zionism Changing Approaches to Aliyah and Yeridah Aliyah, the migration of Jews to Israel from their previous homes in the diaspora, was the central plank and raison d’être of classical Zionism. Every stream of Zionist ideology has emphasized the return of Jews to what is declared as their once and future homeland. Every Zionist political party; every institution of the Zionist movement; every Israeli government; and most Israeli political parties, from 1948 to the present, have given pride of place to their commitments to aliyah and immigrant absorption. For example, the official list of ten “policy guidelines” of Israel’s 32nd Israel Studies Review, Volume 26, Issue 1, Summer 2011: 33–65 © Association for Israel Studies doi: 10.3167/isr.2011.260108 34 | Ian S. -
The Migration of Lithuanian Jews to the United States, 1880 – 1918, and the Decisions Involved in the Process, Exemplified by Five Individual Migration Stories
Nathan T. Shapiro Hofstra University Department of Global Studies and Geography The Migration of Lithuanian Jews to the United States, 1880 – 1918, and the Decisions Involved in the Process, Exemplified by Five Individual Migration Stories Honors Thesis in Geography Advisor: Dr. Kari B. Jensen Shapiro 1 Table of Contents Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 2 Jews in Lita and Reasons for Their Emigration According to the Literature ..................... 5 Migration Theory .............................................................................................................. 11 Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 14 Case studies: Five Personal Migration Stories .................................................................. 16 Concluding Remarks ......................................................................................................... 35 Endnote ............................................................................................................................. 39 Bibliography ..................................................................................................................... 40 Appendix ........................................................................................................................... 43 Figure 1: Europe 1871 ...................................................................................................... -
Exploring Primary Sources for In-Depth Engagement with Americans and the Holocaust Experiencing History: Holocaust Sources in Context
EXPLORING PRIMARY SOURCES FOR IN-DEPTH ENGAGEMENT WITH AMERICANS AND THE HOLOCAUST EXPERIENCING HISTORY: HOLOCAUST SOURCES IN CONTEXT - WWW.EXPERIENCINGHISTORY.COM What is Experiencing History? Experiencing History is a digital learning tool that explores the Holocaust through unique, original, contexualized sources. With this tool, you can read, watch, and examine the experiences of everyday people to analyze how genocide unfolded. Learn about the Holocaust by engaging with a variety of sources from the period. Discover a diary, a letter, a newspaper article, or a policy paper; see a photograph, or watch film footage. Discuss the complex context from which the Holocaust emerged, and consider the importance of primary sources for understanding our world. Topic: Immigration and Refugees The following sources in Experiencing History illuminate the topic of immigration and the refugee crisis from a variety of perspectives. These sources ask us to consider: What did the vast bureaucratic web of immigration paperwork look like on a personal level? How did refugees understand their own plight as they were experiencing it? How did those advocating on their behalf frame their case for the American public? From Jewish refugees attempting to locate family members, to those trying to find safe haven, to those advocating on their behalf, these sources illuminate the complex questions that this topic raises through personal stories and reflections. Report on the work of the refugee committee, American Friends Service Committee, 1940 Report outlining the activities of the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) in refugee aid. These activities included both evacuating refugees from Europe and assisting in their adjustment to life in the United States. -
FFYS 1000.03 – the Holy Land and Jerusalem: a Religious History
First Year Seminar Loyola Marymount University FFYS 1000.03 – The Holy Land and Jerusalem: A Religious History Fall 2013 | T/R 8:00 – 9:15 AM | Classroom: University Hall 3304 Professor: Gil Klein, Ph.D. | Office hours: W 1:30-3:00 PM; T/R 3:30 - 5:00 PM and by appointment Office: UH 3775 | Phone: (310) 338 1732 | Email: [email protected] Writing instructor: Andrew (AJ) Ogilvie, Ph.D. Candidate, UC Santa Barbara Email: [email protected] Course description The Holy Land, with the city of Jerusalem at its center, is where many of the foundational moments in Judaism, Christianity and Islam have occurred. As such, it has become a rich and highly contested religious symbol, which is understood by many as embodying a unique kind of sanctity. What makes it sacred? What led people in different periods to give their life fighting over it? How did it become the object of longing and the subject of numerous works of religious art and literature? What is the secret of the persistent hold it still has on the minds of Jews, Christians and Muslims around the world? This course will explore central moments in the religious history of the Holy Land from ancient times to the present day in an attempt to answer some of these questions. It will do so through the critical analysis of religious text, art and architecture, as well as through the investigation of contemporary culture and politics relating to the Holy Land and Jerusalem. Course structure The structure of this course is based on the historical transformations of the Holy Land and Jerusalem from ancient through modern times, as well as on the main cultural aspects of their development. -
Schiffer Thesis
1 Abstract How are political identities formed? This thesis takes a historical-institutionalist, process-based view of the phenomenon of political identity formation in the United States, specifically focusing on the mixed impacts that party actors as agents asserting ideational claims have on the consolidation of in-group belonging. Using the case of the Jewish Labor Bund, a revolutionary socialist party in the Tsarist-administered Pale of Settlement from 1897-1943, this thesis traces Bundist party diaspora members’ movement from the Pale to New York City in the early 20th century, using historical process tracing to causally establish the relationship between three facets of Bundist ideology—cultural national autonomy socialism, Yiddishism, and trade unionism—and the formation of a post-diasporic American Jewish identity in New York City. Ultimately, this thesis concludes that the result of the “party diaspora” asserting its ideational commitments was the marginalization of cultural-national autonomy socialism, the depoliticization of Yiddishism, and the incorporation of trade unionism into the Jewish labor movement—suggesting that political identity is not unitary, but itself contested. These insights indicate that a process-based view of identity formation which incorporates historical contingency, institutional encounter, and the agency of political actors has substantial benefits for the study of identity, diaspora populations, and the movement of ideas in political science. 2 Fragments of Revolution: The Jewish Labor Bund and the -
Robert Aaron Kenedy / the New Anti-Semitism and Diasporic 8 Liminality: Jewish Identity from France to Montreal
Robert Aaron Kenedy / The New Anti-Semitism and Diasporic 8 Liminality: Jewish Identity from France to Montreal Robert Aaron Kenedy The New Anti-Semitism and Diasporic Liminality: Jewish Identity from France to Montreal Canadian Jewish Studies / Études juives canadiennes, vol. 25, 2017 9 Through a case study approach, 40 French Jews were interviewed revealing their primary reason for leaving France and resettling in Montreal was the continuous threat associated with the new anti-Semitism. The focus for many who participated in this research was the anti-Jewish sentiment in France and the result of being in a liminal diasporic state of feeling as though they belong elsewhere, possibly in France, to where they want to return, or moving on to other destinations. Multiple centred Jewish and Francophone identities were themes that emerged throughout the interviews. There have been few accounts of the post-1999 French Jewish diaspora and reset- tlement in Canada. There are some scholarly works in the literature, though apart from journalistic reports, there is little information about this diaspora.1 Carol Off’s (2005) CBC documentary entitled One is too Many: Anti-Semitism on the Rise in Eu- rope highlights the new anti-Semitism in France and the outcome of Jews leaving for Canada. The documentary also considers why a very successful segment of Jews would want to leave France, a country in which they have felt relatively secure since the end of the Second World War. This documentary and media reports of French Jews leaving France for destinations such as Canada provided the inspiration for beginning an in-depth case study to investigate why Jews left France and decided to settle in Canada. -
The Hebrew Revolution and the Revolution of the Hebrew Language Between the 1880S and the 1930S
The Hebrew Revolution and the Revolution of the Hebrew Language between the 1880s and the 1930s Judith Winther Copenhagen The new Hebrew culture which began to crys- Eliezer Ben Yehudah was born in 1858, tallize in the land of Israel from the end of the Ben Gurion in 1886, and Berl Kazenelson in last century, is a successful event of "cultural 1887. planning". During a relatively short period of As a man who was not active in the so- time a little group of"culture planners" succee- cialist Jewish movement Ben Yehudah's dedi- ded in creating a system which in a significant cation to Hebrew is probably comprehensible. way was adapted to the requested Zionist ide- But why should a prominent socialist like Berl ology. The fact that the means by which the Kazenelson stick to the spoken Hebrew langu- "cultural planning" was realized implicated a age? A man, who prior to his immigration to heroic presentation of the happenings that led Palestine was an anti-Zionist, ridiculed Hebrew to a pathetical view of the development. It and was an enthusiastic devotee of Yiddish? presented the new historical ocurrences in Pa- The explanation is to be found in the vi- lestine as a renaissance and not as a continu- tal necessity which was felt by the pioneers ation of Jewish history, as a break and not as of the second Aliyah to achieve at all costs a continuity of the past. break from the past, from the large world of the The decision to create a political and a Russian revolutionary movements, from Rus- Hebrew cultural renaissance was laid down by sian culture, and Jewish Russian culture. -
Judaism Practices Importance of the Synagogue • This Is the Place
Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department Revision- Judaism Practices rabbi and a pulpit where sermons are delivered. Importance of the Synagogue The Ark (Aron Hakodesh)- this is This is the place where Jewish the holiest place in the Synagogue. people meet for prayer, worship and They believed that the original ark study. They believe that any prayer contained stone tablet s that God can only take place where there are gave to Moses at Sinai. In at least 10 adults. Synagogues, Jews are reminded of Synagogues are usually rectangular the original ark. It is at the front of shaped but there are no specific the Synagogue facing Jerusalem. rules about its size and decoration. There are usually steps up to the It is common for there to be a stain- Ark to remind them that God and glassed window representing the the Torah are more important and Star of David. sacred. The ark is only opened during The synagogue is the central point special prayers and when it’s read for life as a Jewish community- it is during services. where many rites of passages take Ever-Burning Light (Ner Tamid)- place. This symbolises God’s presence and a It is important as a place of study reminder of the Menorah that was e.g. it is where a young boy/girl will lit every night in the Temple. learn Hebrew and study the Torah in Reading Platform (bimah)- This is a preparation for their bar/bat raised platform which is usually in mitzvahs. the very centre- it is used for Questions: reading from the Torah and becomes the focus of worship. -
Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World
EJIW Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World 5 volumes including index Executive Editor: Norman A. Stillman Th e goal of the Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World is to cover an area of Jewish history, religion, and culture which until now has lacked its own cohesive/discreet reference work. Th e Encyclopedia aims to fi ll the gap in academic reference literature on the Jews of Muslims lands particularly in the late medieval, early modern and modern periods. Th e Encyclopedia is planned as a four-volume bound edition containing approximately 2,750 entries and 1.5 million words. Entries will be organized alphabetically by lemma title (headword) for general ease of access and cross-referenced where appropriate. Additionally the Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World will contain a special edition of the Index Islamicus with a sole focus on the Jews of Muslim lands. An online edition will follow aft er the publication of the print edition. If you require further information, please send an e-mail to [email protected] EJIW_Preface.indd 1 2/26/2009 5:50:12 PM Australia established separate Sephardi institutions. In Sydney, the New South Wales Association of Sephardim (NAS), created in 1954, opened Despite the restrictive “whites-only” policy, Australia’s fi rst Sephardi synagogue in 1962, a Sephardi/Mizraḥi community has emerged with the aim of preserving Sephardi rituals in Australia through postwar immigration from and cultural identity. Despite ongoing con- Asia and the Middle East. Th e Sephardim have fl icts between religious and secular forces, organized themselves as separate congrega- other Sephardi congregations have been tions, but since they are a minority within the established: the Eastern Jewish Association predominantly Ashkenazi community, main- in 1960, Bet Yosef in 1992, and the Rambam taining a distinctive Sephardi identity may in 1993. -
Refugee Policies from 1933 Until Today: Challenges and Responsibilities
Refugee Policies from 1933 until Today: Challenges and Responsibilities ihra_4_fahnen.indd 1 12.02.2018 15:59:41 IHRA series, vol. 4 ihra_4_fahnen.indd 2 12.02.2018 15:59:41 International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (Ed.) Refugee Policies from 1933 until Today: Challenges and Responsibilities Edited by Steven T. Katz and Juliane Wetzel ihra_4_fahnen.indd 3 12.02.2018 15:59:42 With warm thanks to Toby Axelrod for her thorough and thoughtful proofreading of this publication, to the Ambassador Liviu-Petru Zăpirțan and sta of the Romanian Embassy to the Holy See—particularly Adina Lowin—without whom the conference would not have been possible, and to Katya Andrusz, Communications Coordinator at the Director’s Oce of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. ISBN: 978-3-86331-392-0 © 2018 Metropol Verlag + IHRA Ansbacher Straße 70 10777 Berlin www.metropol-verlag.de Alle Rechte vorbehalten Druck: buchdruckerei.de, Berlin ihra_4_fahnen.indd 4 12.02.2018 15:59:42 Content Declaration of the Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust ........................................... 9 About the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) .................................................... 11 Preface .................................................... 13 Steven T. Katz, Advisor to the IHRA (2010–2017) Foreword The International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance, the Holy See and the International Conference on Refugee Policies ... 23 omas Michael Baier/Veerle Vanden Daelen Opening Remarks ......................................... 31 Mihnea Constantinescu, IHRA Chair 2016 Opening Remarks ......................................... 35 Paul R. Gallagher Keynote Refugee Policies: Challenges and Responsibilities ........... 41 Silvano M. Tomasi FROM THE 1930s TO 1945 Wolf Kaiser Introduction ............................................... 49 Susanne Heim The Attitude of the US and Europe to the Jewish Refugees from Nazi Germany .......................................