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Italian Communist Party Manifesto Program of the (new) Italian Communist Party March 2008 We dedicate this Manifesto Program to all the heroes of the first wave of the world proletarian revolution. Commissione Provvisoria del Comitato Centrale del (nuovo)Partito comunista italiano Web site: http://lavoce-npci.samizdat.net email: [email protected] *** Delegazione: BP3 4, rue Lénine 93451 L’Île St Denis (Francia { XE “Francia” }) email: [email protected] Manifesto Program of the (new) Italian Communist Party (Preliminary note: With the asterisk (*) we indicate that this Manifesto Program is using a category, a concept that in our conception has a precise meaning that the reader cannot understand by the current meaning of the terms. The Manifesto Program itself will explain below what this category or concept means) Introduction The world we are living in is shaken by heavy con- is the transformation the humanity has to carry out. vulsions from end to end. They are the convulsions of The bourgeoisie imposes to the popular masses so the old world dying and the new one rising. The old cruel and unbearable conditions that the struggle world splits in two, one part going to die and the other against it explodes in thousand ways. Where the com- going to give birth to the communist society, a new munists are not yet able to be their direction, other phase in humanity’s history. classes are doing it, with the limits and forms consis- The bourgeoisie took advantage of the period of tent with their nature. decay the organized and conscious communist move- However, in the struggle to face the devastating ef- ment (*) went through in the second half of the last fects of the contradictions of capitalism, made again century. It succeeded in killing the trust many work- lacerating in every country by its second general crisis, ers had to be able to change the world, to build a (*) in every corner of the earth the communist move- world fit to their needs, to their best aspirations and ment revives, basing itself on Marxism-Leninism- feelings. Nevertheless it did not succeed in killing it Maoism: the conception of the world and method of in everybody. We communists are still living, and action and knowledge elaborated by the experience of millions of workers keep that trust. And the others, 160 years of the communist movement and particularly who have had that trust dead, need our contagion to by the experience of the first wave of the world prole- revive it, because it is the only way out from the de- tarian revolution. cay and nightmare where the bourgeoisie drove them The (new) Italian Communist Party is a compo- in and more and more plunges them. nent of the new international communist movement The new general crisis of capitalism, (*) begun in that is rising again, strengthened by the first wave of the Seventies of the last century, has developed, proletarian revolution. enlarged, and made more ferocious the undeclared war In this Manifesto Program we communist declare of extermination the imperialist bourgeoisie is carrying the conception of the world that leads us, the balance out against the popular masses in every corner of the we draw from the first 160 years of the communist earth, also in imperialist countries, also where it has not movement, the methods by which we work and the yet become military aggression or spread out civil objectives we pursue for making Italy a new socialist wars. The gravity of the material, moral, intellectual country and so contributing to the second wave of the and environmental crisis afflicting all humanity and proletarian revolution advancing all over the world. frightening so many people, both among popular This Manifesto Program is the ideological basis of masses and imperialist bourgeoisie, confirms how deep the unity of the (new) Italian Communist Party. 111 Chapter I The class struggle during the first 160 years of the communist movement and the present conditions Introduction On behalf of the League of Communists, the first productive forces can be an instrument for further pro- communist party in history, less more than 150 years gress for humanity only thanks to a workers’ active, ago, in 1848, for the first time, in the Manifesto of the conscious and organized participation. This participa- Communist Party Marx and Engels exposed the com- tion is not consistent with the antagonisms of interests munists’ conception of the world, method of work and peculiar to the capitalist mode of production. On the knowledge, objectives and general line. (1) contrary, these antagonisms make the same productive They elaborate the experience of the workers strug- forces a mean of destruction of human civilization and gling against bourgeoisie and they also were the first to its environment. This contradiction, their instinct of achieve a scientific understanding of past history. This survival and the conscious and organized activity of the is a process of natural history: (2) a succession of communist movement will lead men and women to modes of production by which the human kind gradu- overcome the capitalist mode of production and go ally faced and solved the problems of its survival and beyond bourgeois society. This is made easier by the so doing transformed itself and the world. Only in the fact that the creation of collective productive forces light of the history of the modes of production it is creates also by itself conditions favourable to make possible to reconstruct the history of the other aspects grow workers’ consciousness and organization. of society and the history of the human nature scientifi- Workers were already spontaneously struggling cally. (3) against bourgeoisie for improving their condition. Particularly, they showed that men and women have Marx ed Engels showed that, in order to get outcomes not ever been divided in classes of exploited and ex- lasting and on large scale, workers had not to limit ploiters, of oppressed and oppressors. (4) The class divi- themselves to this but, most of all, they had to struggle sion arose only at a determinate grade of development of for their emancipation from bourgeoisie. Communists’ the productive forces, in situations that made it profitable specific task is to make workers’ struggle become a for human kind’s survival and development. (5) The conscious and organized struggle to overcome capital- societies divided in classes prevailed over the primitive ist mode of production and all the social relations, ones because, at that stage of development of human conceptions, feelings and behaviours to it connected. kind and of its productive forces, they were a more fa- So, the working class’ struggle against bourgeoisie vourable context for the production, the further devel- personifies the struggle between the productive forces’ opment of the productive forces and the intellectual and collective character the capitalist mode of production moral progress. (6) However, the capitalism has created incessantly increases, and the capitalist relations of the conditions that make possible and necessary the end production, between the general level of civilization of men and women’s division in classes and, with it, the human kind achieved and capitalism itself. extinction of the State. (7) As a matter of fact, it is essen- In this struggle working class’ triumph is unavoid- tially an instrument by which the exploiting class im- able. It personifies the way the humanity has to go for its poses and keeps its social order. Shortly, the capitalism survival. It will substitute the capitalist with the commu- has created the conditions that make possible and neces- nist society: a society with no more class division and no sary a new social order, the Communism. exploitation of man by man. In the societies till now They showed that the bourgeoisie must develop existed, the constriction of the majority of men and work productivity because of its nature. (8) In order to women and their exclusion from the moral and intellec- do it, it makes the productive forces more and more tual patrimony of society and its richness have been the collective. (9) Just this makes the survival of the capi- necessary condition for few people’s free development talist mode of production more and more precarious. and for the accumulation of that patrimony and richness. The capitalist relations of production and the other These societies will be substituted by the working class social relations, the conceptions, feelings and behav- with “an association where everyone’s free development iours to them related, during an entire historical phase is the condition for all people’s free development”. were factors favourable to the solutions of the prob- Therefore, the presuppositions of Communism, the lems of human kind existence and the development of objective and subjective necessary conditions for its its material, intellectual and moral productive forces. coming, form themselves in the capitalist society, But by now they are become an hindrance: the present despite of bourgeoisie’s direction. (10) At a certain 222 point, the working class will establish socialism: this of their associations. They will be managed, created shall be the phase of transition from capitalist to and directed as a business common to all men and communist society under working class’ direction, a women. In this way the relation of production will specific phase of humanity’s history. This phase will become adequate to the already collective character begin with the conquest of political power by the reached by the productive forces. The concerns will working class. The political form of this phase will be cease to be patrimony, property, ownership and crea- the dictatorship of proletariat. (11) Socialism will be tures of individuals or groups of individuals who by at the same time the conclusion of the barbaric part of those concerns produce commodities.
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