Toward Just and Sustainable Forestry in Indonesia
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Supported by MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA TOWARD JUST AND SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY IN INDONESIA Lessons learned from MFP3 experience in supporting the MoEF (2014-2018) Toward Just and Sustainable Forestry in Indonesia Copyright @2018, The Jakarta Post Publishing First published January 2018 Printed by Kompas-Gramedia Group Cover design: Zulkarnaen AL Layout: Darma Ahmadi All photos courtesy of MFP3, unless otherwise stated. Toward Just and Sustainable Forestry in Indonesia: Lessons learned from MFP3 experience in supporting the MoEF (2014-2018) Jakarta: The Jakarta Post Publishing, 2018 Jl. Palmerah Barat No. 142-143 Jakarta Pusat 10270 Email: [email protected] Website: publishing.thejakartapost.com; www.thejakartapost.com II TOWARD JUST AND SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY IN INDONESIA Lessons learned from MFP3 experience in supporting the MoEF (2014-2018) Editors and writers: Riyadi Suparno Ati Nurbaiti Writers: Suraya Afiff Hendarsyah Tarmizi Evi Mariani Fidelis Sastriastanti Copy editor: Hillary Michael Hagerty TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD Bringing the spirit of collaboration into social forestry ............................................................. VI MFP3 leads multi-stakeholder processes in the forestry sector .......................................... VIII INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 2 CHAPTER 1 FACILITATING ACCESS, REDUCING INEQUALITY.................................................................... 8 1.1. Breakthrough under Jokowi administration .......................................................................... 10 1.2. Social forestry to reduce tenurial conflicts ............................................................................ 12 1.3. Great changes and challenges .................................................................................................. 13 Box 1 Recognition of masyarakat adat ..................................................................................... 13 1.4. The MFP3’s strategies of empowering the KPH .................................................................. 16 1.5. Five ways people can access the forests ................................................................................ 19 1.5.1. Village forest scheme (hutan desa) .............................................................................. 19 1.5.2. Community forest scheme (hutan kemasyarakatan) ............................................... 21 1.5.3. People’s plantation forest scheme (hutan tanaman rakyat) .................................. 21 1.5.4. Forestry partnership scheme (hutan kemitraan) ...................................................... 21 1.5.5. Adat forest scheme (hutan adat) .................................................................................. 21 1.6. Making it work for the people: Conflict resolution ............................................................. 22 1.7. Inspiring entrepreneurship ........................................................................................................ 24 1.8. Business forums: Advanced skill in entrepreneurship ...................................................... 28 1.9. Connecting Reforestation Funds to the people ................................................................... 28 Examples of BLU recipients: Koperasi Tunda Tebang Jasema (Jasema Cooperative for Delayed Cutting of Trees) Aceh Association of Jabon Developers (ASPEKJA) ............................................................................................. 30 1.10. Inclusive Involvement of Women and other vulnerable groups .................................... 30 ‘A little under Superman’ Julmansyah, KPH Puncak Ngengas Batulanteh .............................................................................................. 34 CHAPTER 2 IMPROVING FOREST GOVERNANCE .......................................................................................... 36 2.1 Combating illegal logging............................................................................................................ 39 2.2 Market system to fight illegal logging ..................................................................................... 41 IV 2.3 Boosting trade in legal timber ........... ............................................................................................. 46 2.4 Strengthening credibility................................................................................................................... 48 2.4.1 How the SVLK works ....................................................................................................... 50 2.4.2 Independent forestry monitoring ................................................................................. 51 2.4.3 Periodic evaluation ........................................................................................................... 52 2.4.4 Independent market monitoring .................................................................................. 53 2.4.5 Impact monitoring ............................................................................................................ 53 2.5 Reforming forestry information systems .................................................................................... 54 2.5.1 Information System on Sustainable Production Forest Management (SIPHPL) ...................................................................................... 54 2.5.2 Information System on Production Forests (SI-KPHP) ......................................... 55 2.5.3 Dashboard for Buleleng forests .................................................................................... 56 2.5.4 Licensing Information Unit (SILK Online) ................................................................. 57 2.5.5 Online Marketplace for Legal Wood ........................................................................... 57 2.6 Expanding domestic market ........................................................................................................... 58 2.7 Capacity building ............................................................................................................................... 59 All buyers in Europe ask for certificates ..................................................................................... 60 SVLK opens many opportunities for SMEs ................................................................................ 61 CHAPTER 3 CONTRIBUTING TO SDGs & CLIMATE ACTIONS ........................................................................ 62 3.1 Meeting Sustainable Development Goals .................................................................................. 64 17 SDGs ................................................................................................................................................. 64 3.1.1 Social forestry supporting SDGs .................................................................................. 65 3.1.2 SVLK supporting SDGs ................................................................................................... 70 3.2 Combating climate change ............................................................................................................. 73 3.2.1 Social forestry contribution to reducing deforestation .......................................... 74 3.2.2 SVLK contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions .................................. 76 CONCLUDING NOTES Safeguarding Good Governance ............................................................................................................ 78 Safeguarding Social Forestry ................................................................................................................... 81 ABBREVATIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 84 REFERENCE ................................................................................................................................................. 86 INDEX ............................................................................................................................................................ 88 V MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA BRINGING THE SPIRIT OF COLLABORATION INTO SOCIAL FORESTRY Minister of Environment and Forestry Republic of Indonesia o one gets very far alone. Life is a team effort. That’s what we have learned from the success Nof our timber legality assurance system, called Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK), which is the result of a multistakeholder process involving the government, the private sector and civil society. Involving all the forestry stakeholders, facilitated by the Multistakeholder Forestry Programme (MFP), we have been able to adjust the SVLK in accordance with the strict requirements of the European Union’s Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) system, making Indonesia the first country in the world to issue FLEGT licences for timber products destined for the European market. The FLEGT licences not only benefit our exporters of timber and wood products, but also strengthen our fight against illegal logging, which, along with land use change, is responsible for deforestation and forest degradation. VI The government alone would not have been able to We hope many more young residents around forests bring the