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E-Paper Perpustakaan Dpr-Ri E-PAPER PERPUSTAKAAN DPR-RI http://epaper.dpr.go.id Judul : KERJA SAMA. Rusia Bantu ASEAN Soal Lima Konsensus Tanggal : Rabu, 07 Juli 2021 Surat Kabar : Kompas Halaman : 5 Rusia menyatakan akan membantu negara-negara ASEAN mengatasi situasi konflik di Myanmar dan mendorong pemimpin junta memahami isi lima konsensus ASEAN. Oleh MAHDI MUHAMMAD Jakarta, Kompas – Pemerintah Rusia menyatakan dukungan terhadap upaya ASEAN mengakhiri krisis di Myanmar. Lima butir konsensus anggota ASEAN yang dihasilkan pada pertemuan para pemimpin ASEAN di Jakarta, 24 April 2021, akan dipromosikan Rusia kepada pemimpin junta militer Myanmar, Jenderal Min Aung Hlaing. Demikian disampaikan Menteri Luar Negeri Rusia Sergei Lavrov seusai bertemu Menlu Retno Marsudi di Jakarta, Selasa (6/7/2021). Lavrov tiba di Jakarta dalam rangkaian kunjungan empat hari ke wilayah Asia Tenggara. Sebelum ke Jakarta, dia berkunjung ke Brunei Darussalam dan bertemu Sultan Hasanal Bolkiah, Ketua ASEAN tahun ini. “Kami menekankan dukungan yang kuat pada lima prinsip (konsensus) ASEAN. Dalam konteks Myanmar, kami akan mempromosikan posisi ASEAN ini kepada pemimpin, panglima militer Myanmar,” kata Lavrov. Dia mengatakan, pemerintah Rusia memiliki pandangan dan pemahaman bahwa lima konsensus yang dihasilkan para pemimpin ASEAN merupakan fondasi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dan membawa situasi di Myanmar kembali normal. “Kami menyampaikan kepada kolega kami, Menteri Luar Negeri RI, tentang pesan kami kepada Naypidaw bahwa sikap kami sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip yang dikemukakan atau disampaikan oleh ASEAN,” kata Lavrov. Kemarin kedua menlu menjadi ketua bersama dalam pertemuan khusus para menlu ASEAN dan Rusia. Pertemuan khusus digelar untuk memperingati 25 tahun Kemitraan ASEAN-Rusia. Peran Rusia untuk membantu ASEAN memadamkan konflik di Myanmar yang kini mulai bergeser menjadi perang saudara dinilai sangat penting. Rusia mendukung keberadaan junta militer dan merupakan pemasok senjata utama bagi militer Myanmar. Saat Majelis Umum Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa mengadakan pemungutan suara untuk mengecam kudeta oleh militer Myanmar, Rusia dan China, mitra dialog ASEAN, memilih bersikap abstain. Pada akhir Juni lalu, Kementerian Pertahanan Rusia mengundang pemimpin junta militer Myanmar untuk hadir di konferensi keamanan internasional yang berlangsung di Mokswa. Harapan terhadap peran Rusia yang lebih signifikan untuk bekerja sama dengan ASEAN dalam upaya menangani krisis di Myanmar akibat kudeta disampaikan secara langsung oleh Menlu Retno Marsudi kepada Lavrov. Retno, dalam pernyataannya mengatakan, sangatlah penting bagi para pihak untuk menindaklanjuti lima konsensus yang telah disepakati pada pertemuan pemimpin ASEAN, akhir April lalu, terutama komitmen dari Militer Myanmar yang dikendalikan Hlaing. “Saya kembali menekankan pentingnya menindaklanjuti lima poin konsensus. Diperlukan komitmen militer Myanmar untuk bekerja sama dengan negara anggota ASEAN lainnya melaksanakan konsensus tersebut,” kata Retno. Dia berharap Rusia, sebagai mitra ASEAN dan secara khusus mitra junta militer Myanmar, mendukung implementasi lima konsensus tersebut. Mengambang Penerapan lima konsensus itu sendiri dinilai banyak pihak mengambang. Junta militer menetapkan syarat untuk bisa menerapkan secara penuh lima konsensus ASEAN itu, yaitu level keamanan dan stabilitas tertentu telah tercapai. Termasuk di dalamnya soal keberadaan utusan khusus ASEAN. Dikutip dari kantor berita Kyodo, hingga saat ini masih belum ada kesepakatan diantara negara-negara ASEAN tentang siapa yang akan diminta menjadi utusan khusus. Tiga nama yang mencuat sebagai calon utusan khusus, yaitu Viraksadi Futrakul, mantan Wakil Menlu Thailand dan seorang diplomat veteran; Nur Hassan Wirajuda, mantan Menlu RI; dan yang terakhir adalah Razali Ismail, mantan Utusan Khusus PBB untuk Myanmar di tahun 2000-an. Junta militer Myanmar tampaknya lebih condong untuk memilih Futrakul, mantan Wamenlu Thailand. Selain kedekatan hubungan antara pemimpin junta, Jenderal Hlaing dengan Perdana Menteri Thailand Prayuth Chan-ocha, mereka juga ingin meniru sistem pemerintahan yang memberi kelonggaran dan keleluasaan bagi militer untuk memerintah. Pengadaan Vaksin Selain membahas soal Myanmar, pertemuan kedua menlu itu juga membahas hubungan bilateral antara Indonesia-Rusia serta kerja sama yang lebih luas, antara ASEAN dan Rusia. Retno, dalam pertemuan tersebut, mendorong Rusia untuk mendukung pemenuhan kebutuhan vaksin di kawasan melalui doses-sharing dan memprioritaskan negara ASEAN sebagai penerima vaksin Rusia, Sputnik-V, yang telah digunakan beberapa negara untuk menghadang laju infeksi Covid-19. Retno juga menyatakan, tidak menutup kemungkinan Rusia dan ASEAN melakukan produksi bersama vaksin tersebut dengan negara-negara anggota. Badan Pengkajian Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) RI, kata Retno, beberapa waktu lalu telah meninjau fasilitas produksi vaksin Sputnik-V di Rusia. Walau begitu, hingga kini, masih belum ada kejelasan apakah vaksin tersebut bisa digunakan oleh warga ASEAN. Di bidang perdagangan dan investasi, Indonesia dan Rusia menargetkan nilai 5 miliar dollar AS pada tahun 2020. Target itu belum tercapai karena pandemi Covid-19 melanda dunia. Guna mendongkrak pencapaian, lanjut Retno, kedua negara sepakat memaksimalkan kelompok kerja sektor prioritas, yakni pertanian, perikanan dan kelautan, serta finalisasi dokumen kerja sama ekonomi yang belum selesai. Sementara di bidang keamanan, Retno menekankan pentingnya kerja sama bidang keamanan siber. Indonesia juga menghargai dukungan Rusia bagi kerja sama kawasan Indo-Pasifik..
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