House of Representatives

1943 CONGRESSIONAt RECORD-HOUSE 4981 the Navy, with the rank of lieutenant (Junior may we deny ourselves, take up our cross, every facility within its domination to grade), to rank from the 16th day of December and follow Thee. He who knocks at the serve the war effort. The slogan was 1940. donr of every heart and stretches forth "Full production for victory." His arms in every hour of need, will teach '!'he Ford Motor Co.'s production lines WITHDRAWALS us the fortitude of unrequited labor and deliver the following ,fleets of weapons: Executive nominations withdrawn the joy of humble tasks done in love. M-4 tanks, Pratt & Whitney aircraft en from the Senate May 27 Henry Ford, now in THE PRESIDENT OF LIBERIA his eightieth year, With his faithful wife CONFIRMATIONS Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I de- ever at his side, ha:s done many notable Executive nominations confirmed by sire to announce to the House that His things in a long life. And tribute should the Senate May 27 Edsel B. Ford. De lieutenant, Corps of Engineers, with rank from consent that it may be in order for the voted, retiring, able, quiet, respected; a June 1, 1943. Speaker to declare a recess at any time family man, with three sons in the armed William David Lutz, to be second lieuten this afternoon, such recess to be subject service. He always stood aside that his ant, Field Artillery, with rank from June 1, to the call of the Chair. father might have his day. His own re- 1943. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? sponsibilities came at an early age, and IN THE MARINE CORPS There was no objection. they were indeed great. The war brought APPOINTMENTS MEMORIAL SERVICES FOR EMPLOYEES OF him extra burdens. His load was heavy. '!.'o be second lieutenants THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT He laid it down at the early age of 49. The sympathy of an appreciative Nation Arthur F. Torgler, Jr. John I. Warner, Jr. · The SPEAKER laid before the House goes to his distinguished family. Edwin B. Glass Arthur L. Adams the following communication: Everett P Pope Webster· R. Hood THE WHITE HousE, WORK RELIEF IN PUERTO RICO AND THE Geary R. Bundschu William J. McLeod Fenwlcke w. Holmes John Mesko Washington, May 24, 1943. VIRGIN ISLANDS Donald C. Baker James R. Johnson The Honorable SAM RAYBURN, Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- Richard A. :M.unger Theodore H. Robbins Speaker of the House of Representatives. mous consent for the immediate consid- Conrad M. Fowler Rogers Blood MY DEAR MR. SPEAKER: I have been asked eration of the joint resolution ropriation for invitation to attend a memorial service for work relief in Puerto Rico and the Virgin ·ture James L. Sizemor~ Adrian F. Pilliod, Jr. Rolfe Jenkins those employees of the Federal Government Islands. . Raymond V. Fridrich Robert M. Butler who have lost their lives .Jn the service of Mr. CHURCH. Mr. Speaker, I reserve Edward E. Hammer- Herbert R. Merrick, their country during the present war. The the right to object and withhold the res beck Jr. memorial service as planned has the en- ervation until the gentleman can make Roland H. Makowski Charles P. Lewis, Jr. thusiastic approval of the President. It will his statement. George W. Holmes 3d Robert U. Skibinski be held at 4 o'clock on the afternoon of Sun- Peter J. Mulroney ·day, May 30, in the Sylvan Theater on the The Clerk read the title of the joint grounds of the Washington Monument. In ·resolution. the event of rain the service will be held in Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. the Government Auditorium. Speaker, reserving the right to object, A limited number of chairs will be avail- will the gentleman explain the resolu- HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES able for Members of Congress, Supreme Court tion? Justices, and head of departments and , THURSDAY, MAY 27, 1943 agencies. Admission cards for these may be Mr. BELL. House Joint Resolution I obtained from Mr. Robert Bailey, Civil Service 128, I might say, grows out of the fact The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Commission contact representative, in room that not long ago the House passed a The ChapJain, Rev. James Shera Mont- 248, House Office Building. resolution authorizing an investigation gomery, D. D., offered the following Very truly yours, of the economic, social, and political con• WM. H. McREYNOLDS, t prayer: Administrative Assistant to the President. di ions in the island of Puerto Rico. H~avenly Father, we praise Thee that Shortly after that the Senate passed a in every disappointment Thou still dost EDSEL B. FORD resolution which came over to the House, love us and in every darkness Thou dost Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, I ask providing for a relief bill in Puerto Rico enlighten us. . 0 wondrous story of death unanimous consent to address the House in the amount of $25,000,000 this year less love: It comforts in the gloom for 1 minute. and $25,000,000 next year. That bill was of n~~ ht, it lifts in the hour of burden, The SPEAKER. Is there objection? referred to the Committee on Insular and stills the sighing heart. We would There was no objection. Affairs, anu after holding several hear- chant the p~alm of thanksgiving and Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, I rise this ings and giving the bill full consideration, pray that our faith may not become morning to place forever in the perma- that committee felt that it did not want blind, nor our devotion frozen, nor the nent RECORD of this body the distressing to approve a 2-year relief program until anchor of our hope locked in the chilly news of tJie death of a great American, the House-approved subcommittee could embrace of doubt and skepticism. Mr. Edsel B. Ford, president of the Ford go to Puerto Rico and mb.ke a complete We pray that down through the ·aisles Motor Co. He was the only son of Mr. investigation of conditions there. Such of the past to the vaulted roof of the and Mrs. Henry Ford, the worthy son of an investigation would include a study future, the angels' song may be heatd a famed and distinguished father. He of the necessity to pass such a relief bill in all the temples of our Republic. 0 died at his estate at Gaughler Point, on and would enable us to be better advised let the incense of their holy altars en beautiful Lake St. Clair in the village of as to the actual needs there. velon our country, blessing all hearth Grosse Pointe Shores, Mich. His death We were told that at the present time stones and circling forth over land and came as a shock to dynamic Detroit, there were almost a quarter million of · sea. Inspire us to dedicate our talents and to friends of the motor indus- people on relief and out of employment. and gifts and withhold not. Lest we be try throughout the world. The great While in continental United States un judged unfaithful to our sacred vows, industry over which he presided strained employment has been taken up by the 4982 CONGRESSIONAL RECOR-D-HOUSE MAY 27 war effort, the effect in Puerto Rico has merce says that no saving has been ef- to come. Starvation is not only going been just the reverse. fected, but on the contrary a great deal on there now, I may say to the gentleman Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Has of waste and loss will result. from New York, but it was going on there any effort been made to give the p~ople Mr. BELL. I think that the resolu- under the Harding and Coolidge admin of Puerto Rico relief by way of war work? tion authorizing the investigation into istrations and has grown gradually worse. Mr. BELL. There have been some the economic, political, and social con- Unless some provision is made to permit military installations put in down there. ditions in the island is amply broad tlte people of Puerto Rico to grow some Those, of course, have given some em enough to cover an investigation into thing out of that ground to live on, we ployment, but the purpose of House just what the gentleman from Indiana are going to have to feed them probably Joint Resolution 128 is merely to act as has called attention to, and I will be giad for all time to come. a stop-gap. In substance the resolution to pass that on to the committee making Mr. FITZPATRICK. Mr. Speaker, provides that an appropriation of not to the investigation. will the gentleman yield? exceed $8,000,000 is authorized to be Mr. HALLECK. There are many who Mr. BELL. I yield to the gentleman made by the Appropriations Committee believe that Puerto Rico has been made from New York. and to authorize the extension of the something of a guinea pig in that sort of Mr. FITZPATRICK. Before the sub present relief program there for not to an experiment. How soon does the gen- ·committee on Interior. Department ap exceed 5 months. tleman expect to get under way with the propriations, which appropriates money Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. As I investigation and make some report? for Puerto Rico, it developed that if they understand, this would be a temporary Mr. BELL. The subcommittee of the were permitted to refine raw sugar in appropriation until the committee has Committee on Insular Affairs expects to Puerto Rico it would put thousands of had opportunity to make an investiga leave Washington tomorrow or the next. people to work, and they could ship that tion to see why Mr. Tugwell has ·not day. . - sugar here in less bulk than they are planned some work for the people of Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, shipping the raw sugar now. The peo- Puerto Rico. will the gentleman yield? ple there and the people in the United Mr. BELL. That is it exactly. The Mr. BELL. I yield to the gentleman States would be benefited if they could committee did not want to enter into the from New York? build those refineries and refine the raw proposed 2-year program which was Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Tugwell sugar there and ship it here. I think it passed by the Senate until it· could find a·dvocated the philosophy for this Gov- would be well for the gentleman's com out more -about what is going on in ernment here in the United States that mittee to make an investigation of that Puerto Rico. While no members of the all _private industry would have to dis- point. committee want to see people starve to appear. Has he been carrying that out Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will the death during the interim, and on the to the detriment of the people there? gentleman yield? contrary want them to be taken care of, Mr. BELL. That is one of the things Mr. BELL. I yield to the gentleman we felt that the mere call of humanity the committee wants to find out when it from Pennsylvania. demands that we ·do something at this goes down there. Mr. GROSS. In supporting the reso- time to take care of the temporary sit- Mr. REED of New York. I hope you lution in the committee I had in min<;l . nation. will. the· observation made by the ge.ntleman Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. How Mr. GOSSETT. Mr. Speaker, will the from Indiana. He is entirely correct. was the vote in your committee? gentleman yield? While Mr. Tugwell may be responsible Mr. BELL. '!'here were no votes cast Mr. BELL. I yield to the gentleman for a lot of it, I am also aware of the fact · against the resolution, although the en from Texas. that if the large sugar industries there tire membership of the committee was Mr. GOSSETT. I believe the distin- had not been interfered with many of not present at the time. guished chair~n of the Committee on those people would have work. The ob Mr. HALLECK. Mr. Speaker, will the Insular Affairs neglected to point out servations the gentleman made a mo~ gentleman yield? that under the present law this whole ment ago are entirely correct. The indi " Mr. BELL. I yield. program expires on June 30. Unless we vidual is helpless, but if he has a job with Mr. HALLECK. As the gentleman take some action, the· whole works pro- the sugar industry he is better off than if knows, I supported the resolution and I gram of Puerto Rico will be stopped auto- he is on relief. think the investigation in Puerto Rico matically on June 30. I favor this resolution because it is a. should be made. ·I should like to sug Mr. BELL. That is correct. I may stop-gap. I personally am familiar with gest that at the moment a subcommittee add that at the present time certain the conditions there, having been down of the House Committee on Interstate projects which are said to be of use to there. Those people are in very great and Foreign Commerce is inquiring into the military installations are under proc- need, which has been maqe more acute certain orders that might result in the ess of being completed, but they cannot by the Tugwell administration and by the elimination of brand names and trade be completed by June 30. At that time, war. marks. I have observed in the press of as the gentleman has said, all authority Mr. THOMAS of New Jersey. . Mr. the Nation and have been reliably in to proceed and money to proceed with Speaker, will the gentleman yield? formed that under Mr. Tugwell's guid will expire, so that unless this House Mr. BELL. I yield to the gentleman ance and leadership a system has been Joint Resolution 128 is adopted, all o:f from New Jersey. put into effect in Puerto Rico which has that work will immediately stop on June Mr. THOMAS of New Jersey. Will the resulted in the elimination of brand 30 and a great number of people unques- gentleman tell us what program is in names and trade-marks on goods and on tionably will suffer as a result of it. force now to bring Puerto Ricans into commodities imported into that terri Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, will the this country to help the war effort here? tory from this country. gentleman yield? Mr. BELL. I am not familiar with It strikes me that a real service could Mr. BELL. I yield to the gentleman what has been done in that respect. The be performed by the committee to which from Mississippi. · purpose of House Joint Resolution 128 is the gentleman refers, in its investigation Mr. RAN~IN. May I say, in reply to merely to bring about a stop-gap to take 1'f it would, in connection with its in the gentleman from New York [Mr. care of a desperate situation until the quiries into the general economic situa REED], that while I have no brief for Rex committee can go down there and inquire tion in Puerto Rico, inquire into that Tugwell and do not believe in public into just such questions as the gentleman regulation and into the orders and op ownership of private land, unless this raises. erations which have resulted in the Government takes some steps to cut up Mr. THOMAS of New Jersey. I hope elimination of brand names and trade the lands in Puerto Rico in some way and the gentleman will keep in mind that at marks in this island. It is claimed on enable those people to grow something the present time we are releasing 1,000 , the part of the administrator, or of the out o:f that ground on which they can Japanese a week from the relocation cen government there, that a saving has live--something to eat, if you please-- ters. If we can afford to release 1,000 been effected. The chamber of com- we shall have to feed them for all time Japanese a week we can certainly afford , 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4983 to bring Puerto Ricans up here to do the work has been turned over to the Fed rostrum·by the committee of Representa kind of work we are now calling on the eral Works Administration does not help tives appointed for that purpose. Japs to do in this country. the program much. The SPEAKER. Members of the Mr. BELL. I assure the gentleman the Mr. BELL. The gentleman will recall House of Representatives, there are few committee would be happy to inquire that the testimony is undisputed that at republics outside of" the Western Hemi into that point. the present time there are from a quar sphere. Today we have as our guest the Mr. REED of New York. If the gen ter of a million to a half a million people President of a republic in Africa. It is tleman will yield further, there is one unemployed in Puerto Rico, and unless my pleasure to present to you Edwin reason why this matter should be in this stopgap legislation is passed and · Barclay, President of the Republic of vestigated, and that is that you carr find theW. P. A., the Federal Works Agency, Liberia. [Applause.] quite a lot of trained labor there. Voca continued temporarily, there will be The PRESIDENT OF LIBERIA. Mr. tional education has been carried on in great suffering among the people. Speaker, Members of the House of Rep Puerto Rico for quite a number of years. Mr. CHURCH. And the gentleman is resentatives, I consider it a great honor There ought to be a large mass of well aware of the fact that I fear that con to appear before your honorable body, trained young people, who are nuw ma tinuing this activity may do more harm and I am fully appreciative of the ture, to take over some of the work that than good in the long run and may be courtesy done me and my country by is needed to be done for the war effort. tossing away another $8,000,000 the next your permitting me to be present at your Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. Mr. 5 months without solving the problem session and to convey to you greetings Speaker, will the gentleman yield? in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. from the only democracy in west Africa Mr. BELL. I yield to the gentleman Of course, this is only an authorization to the great democracy of this hemi from Kentucky. and not yet an actual appropriation. sphere. It is fitting that I should con Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. May I Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reservation vey this greeting, because it is ·: J Ameri point out that we do appropriate money of the right to object. can democracy that the people of Liberia and we are cringing a great many labor The SPEAKER. Is there objection to owe the foundatioll'of their state anj the ers in from the Bahamas to give employ the request of the gentleman from Mis character of .their political institutions. ment to the needy people of the Bahamas. souri for the present consideration of With the world now fighting to main I know the gentleman's committee will the resolution? tain for all peoples the democratic ideals inquire whether it would not be better There was no objection. upon which the American Republic was to bring them in from Puerto Rico and The Clerk read as follows: founded, Liberia, as a matter of choice, is ·take care of our own, rather than bring dedicated to cooperate with and to ren Resolved, etc., That the Federal Works Ad in people from some other country. ministrator is authorized to provide work for der all assistance within her power to Mr. CHURCH. Mr. Speaker, will the employable needy persbns on useful public those states that are now engaged in a gentleman yield? projects in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. terrific struggle to banish terrorism and Mr. BELL. I yield to the gentleman for the' period July 1, 1943, to November 30, authoritarianism from the world. from Illinois. 1943, in accordance with the appropriate pro Up to the present we have made con Mr. CHURCH. May I ask the gentle visions and for the' purposes prescribed in siderable contribution to attainment of man if it is not true that in our com the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act, fiscal this objective. Although we have neither year 1943, which provisions are hereby ex mittee it was very clearly established by tended and made applicable to the appro large armies, air forces, nor navies to the testimony that private industry was priations made to carry out the purposes of contribute, we have what is important discouraged in Puerto Rico and the Vir this joint resolution. There is hereby in the prosecution of the war-natural gi~. Islands rather than encouraged? authorized to be appropriated a sum not to resources and a strategic position which Mr. BELL. I may say to the gentle exceed $8,000,000 to carry out the provisions we have freely placed at the disposal of man that there was considerable testi of this joint resolution, including adminis the United Nations as our contribution mony indicating that. trative expenses in connection therewith. - to the cause of libert~and human dig Mr. CHURCH. The testimony was to The SPEAKER. The question is ori nitS< · I thank you. -. ..,. - the effect that the lc\mg-run program for the engrossment and third reading of the At 12 o'clock and 43 minutes p. m., the the betterment of those people should ~ joint resolution. President of Liberia and his party de be to encourage industry and encourage The joint .resolution was ordered to be p_arted. . the development of more jobs rather than· engrossed and read a third time, was AFTER RECESS to discourage it. read the third time, and passed, and a . The recess having expired, the Speaker Mr. BELL. There was some testimony motion to reconsider was laid on the called the House to order at 12 o'clock along that line, too. table. · and 44 minutes p. m. Mr. CHURCH. The gentleman will re The SPEAKER. Without objection, call that I brought out in the testimony HIS EXCELLENCY EDWIN BARCLAY, PRES IDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA the proceedings had during the recess oC the philosophy of Dr. Tugwell himself the House will be printed in the RECORD. that discouraged· a great deal of busi The SPEAKER. The Chair appoints There was no objection. as a committee to wait upon and escort ness from going there; further, that lit EXTENSION OF REMARKS tle has been done toward bringing those the President of Liberia the gentleman people into the United States, where em from Massachusetts [Mr. McCoRMACK], Mr. HOBBS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan ployment can be had. - the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. imous consent to extend my remarks in The chairman also knows that I voted MARTIN], the gentleman from New York the RECORD and include an editorial. against tlie resolution. [Mr. BLOOM], and the gentleman from The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. BELL. I was not aware of the fact New Jersey [Mr. EATON]. the request of the· gentleman from Ala · that the gentleman voted against the Under previous order of the House, bama? resolution, althqugh I knew that he was the Chair declares the House in recess There was no objection. against it. . subject to the call of the Chair. Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex Mr. CHURCH. The gentleman is RECESS aware of the fact that I object to this tend my remarks in the RECORD and to measure. I know that it is merely a Thereupon, at 12 o'clock and 24 min include an article from the New York stopgap. I cannot approve it, because utes p. m., the House stood in recess Times in regard to the production of I cannot bring myself to believe that we subject to the call of the Speaker. sulfur on the island of Sicily. should continue outside of the United During the recess the following oc The SPEAKER. Is there objection to States in the Virgin Island and Puerto curred: the request of the gentleman from Rico that W. P. A. activity which we The President of Liberia and his party Xexas? . s~opped in the United States over a year entered the Chamber at 12 o'clock and 40 There was no objection. ago by failure to appropriate for the minutes p. m., and the President of Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, W. P. A., and the fact that this w~ P. A. Liberia was escorted to the Speaker's I ask unanimous consent to ·extend my

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4984 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27 remarks in the RECORD and include cer ercises. I remember that our first group my colleague the gentleman from Ne tain quotations. included 28. Since that time the roll braska [Mr. BuFFETT] may extend his ·The SPEAKER. Is there objection to call of deceased Members has steadily own remarks in the RECORD. the request of the gentleman from New decreased, in spite of the fact that we The SPEAKER. Is there objection? York? have been under very great strain during There was no objection. There was no objection. the past several years, until yesterday Mr. BENNETT of Missouri. Mr. Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask there were but three. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex unanimous consent to extend my re Mr. Speaker, may I at this time pay tend my own remarks in the RECORD and marks in the RECORD and include a letter tribute to Dr. George Calver, who I be include a short newspaper article about a written to the Washington Post. lieve, to a very great extent, is responsi mother and father in my district with six The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ble for this reduction in the mortality children in the service of their country. the request of the 5entlewoman from of our Members. I think Dr. Calver has The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Ohio? done a great deal for all of us because of There was no objection. There was no objection. his personal interest in our welfare and Mr. TALBOT. Mr. Speaker, I have Mr. PITTENGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask his unquestioned ability. He has taught two requests: First, that my colleague unanimous conseRt to extend by own us how to maintain our health and he the gentleman from Connecticut [Mr. remarks in the RECORD. has cooperated with us in trying to do CoMPTON] may be permitted to extend The SPEAKER. Is there objection to so. I am sure I voice the sentiments of his own remarks in the RECORD and to in the request of the gentleman from Min our Members when I say that Dr. Calver clude therein an article; and, second, nesota? has proven himself indispensable. that I may be permitted to extend my There was no objection. The SPEAKER. The time of the gen own remarks in the RECORD and include tlewoman from New ol ersey has expired. an editorial. Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan The SPEAKER. Without objection, it imous consent to extend my own remarks EXTENSION OF REMARKS in the RECORD on the'subject of the pro ,is so ordered...... posal to repeal the Chinese Exclusion Mr. D'ALESANDRO. Mr. Speaker, I There was no objection. Act, and include therein a short editorial ask unanimous consent to extend my re California. ·Mr. Mr. COFFEE. Mr. Speaker, I ask deceased Members. It must have been Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex unanimous consent to address the House very gratifying to the House to realize tend my remarks and include a letter for 1 minute, to revise and extend my that during the past year, while it is to from a soldier in the Pacific area. own remarks, and to include therein a be regretted that we lost any Members, The SPEAKER. Is there objection? short editorial. our number was reduced by onl:' 3- There was no objection. The ~PEAKER. Without objection, it the smallest number by far during the Mr. BENNETT of Missouri. Mr. is so ordered. years since we started our memorial ex- Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that ~here was no objection. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4985 Mr. COFFEE. Mr. Speaker, I read THE OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION ADJOURNMENT OVER from the Sol H. Lewis column of the Mr. STEWART. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I Seattle Times of April 18 the following unanimous consent to address the House ask unanimous consent that when the article: for 1 minute and to revise and extend my House adjourns tomorrow it adjourn to OUR PEEVISH PLOWMEN own remarks. meet on Tuesday next. I may say that I know the commandment about not The SPEAKER. Is there objection to on Tuesday the conference report on the - coveting thy neighbor's possessions, but I the request of the gentleman from Okla tax bill will be brought up for considera really don't blame our Lynden farmers for homa [Mr. STEWART]. tion and on Wednesday there will be con casting an envious eye across the interna sideration of a labor bill. Beyond that I tional border 3 miles northward, where they There was no objection. ' see their Canadian neighbors using brightly Mr. STEWART. Mr. Speaker, I wish have no information to convey to the painted new agricultural machinery and im to call attention to an existing order of House at this moment as to the program plements. the 0. P. A. which discriminates against for next week. None of these farm essentials can be ob the local merchants who support every The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tained from their home Lynden dealers. public enterpris~. contribute to the cham the request of the gentleman from Priorities and freezing and red tape have our ber of commerce and who deiVelop their Massachusetts [Mr. McCoRMACK] ? United States implement factories all bound There was no objection. up, although top officials at Washington con towns, counties, States, and country. tinue to appeal for bigger crops. This order is very much in favor of the INVESTIGATION BY COMMITTEE ON I'll let you in tOn the secret, folks, why we chain stores so far as the selling of mer AGRICULTURE are forgetting the commandment and are chandise is concerned. It permits the Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I call up waxing so covetous up in this sector. All the chain stores to undersell the independent House Resolution 38, and ask for its im bounteous stocks of tractors, plows, harrows, merchant, which undermines the inde mediate consideration. drills, and tedders which can be bought up pendent merchant business of America. in British Columbia have marked on them, The CleJk read the resolution, as fol- We all know and appreciate that our lows: · "Made in the U.S. A." local independent merchants give as much of their time, money, and energy Resolved, That the Committee on Agricul What are we going to do about this? ture, acti~g as a whole or by subcommittee, Are we going to stand· by supinely and to the development of home enterprise as is authonzed and directed to make a study allow this absurd, intolerable situation any other class of people on earth. and investigation of the present system o! to continue without change? Let us do These independent merchants 'invest marketing, transportation, ~nd distribution something about this maddening condi their earnings in a home, in a business of farm products from rural areas through tion. · What kind of enthusiasm for the house, and the general improvement of the various marketing agencies to the ulti mate consumer, as it affects farmers, the var war program can we engender in farmers their home town in the building of ious types of middlemen, wholesalers, retail when such developments as these occur. churches, public parks, and always de ers, and consumers, with a view to ascertain It i~? despairing, provoking, and echoes to posit their money in their home town. ing, among other things: high heaven for quick and decisive action. Now what is the picture with respect to (a) The effectiveness of the present system THE DIES COMMITI'EE the chain-store operators-most gener of marke~ing, and the adequacy of present ally rent their business house and deposit marketing facilities, with particular regard Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask to the protection of farmers and consumers. unanimous consent to address the House their money in out-of-town banks, and (b) The effect of transactions on the fu for 1 minute. upon the first slackness of business the tures grain and cotton exchanges upon such The SPEAKER. Without objection, it chain store moves to towns where busi system and upon farmers and consumers. is so ordered. ness is better and the independent mer (c) The existence of any practices in con chant which this 0. P. A. order affects nection with the grading, storing, processing, There was no objection. transporting, distributing, or marketing o! [Mr. RANKIN addressed the House. His will have to assume the load of carrying farm products, which adversely affect farm remarks appear in the Appendix. J on local society and government. ers and consumers. Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker; I ask EXTENSION OF REMARKS (d) The present and prospective develop ment of the types and methods of transpor unanimous consent to address tne House Mr. CRAWFORD. Mr. Speaker, I ask tation for farm products, and the existence, for 1 minute. unanimous consent to_ extend my own re if any, of discrimination in railway freight The SPEAKER. Without objection, it marks in the RECORD and to include a or in motor carrier rates on farm products in is so ordered. few excerpts and quotations. the various areas. There was no objection. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to (e) The feasibility of establishing an up Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, there is to-date marketing and distJ.:!.bpting system the request of the gentleman from Mich from the rural a.reas through local, State, and no effort to disband or do away with the igan [Mr. CRAWFORD]? National marketing agencies under a farm co Dies committee. The Dies committee There was no objection. operative program that would provide facili has been continued for the present year. ties for proper grading and distribution, nec The members of the Dies committee have REPORT ON TAX BILL essary storage, and for other essential activi not had a meeting since the Comintern Mr. DOUGHTON. Mr. Speaker; I ask ties of an orderly marketing program. is supposed tc have been abandoned, but The committee shall make a report to the unanimous consent that I may have un House as soon as practicable after its study I am sure the majority of the members til midnight tomorrow to file a report on and investigation has been concluded, and of the Dies committee feel they have a the tax bill. in its report the committee shall make such real job of house cleaning to do here in The SPEAKER. Is there objection to recommendations as it may deem proper, in America as a result of the work of the cluding recommendations with respect to any the request of the t,tentleman f~om North Comintern in the last twenty-some-odd Carolina [Mr. DOUGHTON]? legislative action necessary to effectuate its years. We have that job of house clean recommendations. ing to do yet if it can be done. There was no objection. SEC. 2. For the purposes of this resolution EXTENSION OF REMARKS the committee, or any subcommittee thereof, EXTENSION OF REMARKS is authorized and directed to hold such hear Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. MICHENER. Mr. Speaker, I ask ings, to sit and act during the present Con unanimous consent to insert in the REC unanimous consent that the gentleman gress at such times and places within the from Michigan [Mr. HoFFMAN] may have United States, whether the House is in ses ORD a lucid and a very powerful article sion, has recessed, or has adjourned, to em written by the distinguished columnist, permission to extend his own remarks in ploy such experts and such clerical, steno William Philip Sims, under the caption the RECORD in two instances, in one to graphic, and other assistants, to require the "Russia versus Poland." I invite the include a newspaper article and in the attendance of such witnesses and the pro attention of the membership of the other to include a radio address. duction of such boolts, papers, and documents ' The SPEAKER. Is there objection to by subpena or otherwise, to take such testi House to this article. mony, to have such printing arid binding The SPEAKER. Without objection, it the request of the gentleman from Mich- done, and to make such expenditures as it is so ordered. igan [Mr. MI~HENER]? ' deems necessary. Subpenas shall be irsued There was no objection. There was no objection. over the signature of the chairman of tb.e 4986 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27 committee, and may be served by any person consumer price and pay a subsidy to cer feeding 130,000,000 of people in this designated by the chairman. Oaths or affi.r tain handlers of farm products with the country are living in poverty with their mations may be administered by the chair hope of cutting down on the high and un children denied the privilege of proper man or any member of the committee desig reasonable prices to consumers. I want education and proper opportunities, that nated byhim. to state emphatically that you had just I expect with the assistance of the dis Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 30 as well put this money in a rat hole as far tinguished members of my committee to minutes to the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. as being able to settle the farmer and give to you as well as the people of this BROWN], and at this time I yield 5 min the consumer problem in this manner. country, including the millions of inno utes to the gentleman from South Caro- How Iorlg would General Motors, the cent farmers and consumers, the very lina [Mr. FULMER]. . International Harvester Co., or any other best service that we are capable of ren Mr. FULMER. Mr. Speaker, this bill well organized industry or business last dering. has the hearty approval of every member if they had to market their products in Let us get the facts and let the chips of the Agriculture Committee and a line with the manner· in which farm fall where they may. In making this unanimous report by the Rules Commit products are marketed and distributed investigation we want it definitely un tee. they would not last 6 months. derstood that we do not want to harm May I state that many State legisla These groups under rules and regu any necessary legitimate business con tures including my own State legislature l,ations formulated by their various asso nected with the marketing and distrib have passed resolutions endorsing the ciations of which they are members uting of farm products, and there is no passage of this bill. I have received not only definitely control their produc thought in the mind of any member of many letters from labor organizations tion in line with the purchasing power my committee in making our final re and consumer organizations giving their of the country but they control the port of advocating the putting of the hearty approval to the passage of the marketing and distribution of their prod Government into the marketing and dis bill. ucts as well as fix the price-you can take tributing of farm products. There is too I waht to state to you frankly out of it or leave it. much of that going on at this time. my long experience as a general mer Out of all my past experience and Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, will chant and banker dealing with farmers, even at this time as a Member of Con the gentleman yield? as well as in connection with my own gress I am just as helpless in marketing Mr. FULMER. I yield. personal operation of my farm, that the my farm products as any other farmer. Mr. DICKSTEIN. The price of fooEN. I am point that I had in mind. If we · adopt reached the farmer. glad to hear the gentleman say what this situation we are admitting hat our In my judgment there are two funda he has said with regard to the purpose economic system has broken down. The mental things that we have to consider of this resolution, because I value his question in my mind is this: When wages in all these instances. One of them is a opinion. I may say for the benefit of get back to normal, as they will after the constructive solution of these economic my colleagues in the House that the gen war, how are we ever going ·to get away problems, and the other is the mainte tleman from California is also the au from a subsidy? nance of a fundamental freedom among thor of a very outstanding bo:>k, and I the people of this Nation and avoidance hope to have the pleasure of going Mr. DffiKSEN. The gentleman has through it in the very near future. put his finger upon it. What someone is as much as possible of dependence upon Government. I believe and am con Mr. VOORHIS of California. I appre trying to do is to find a sweet and royal vinced that out of this study there can ciate very much, indeed, what my able expediency with which to resolve a fun come findings as to methods for the so and earnest colleague from Minnesota damental maladjustment in our econo lution of this problem of the spread be has said. I want to thank him very sin my. There may be an inclination to take cerely, indeed, and to say I will feel very something sugar-coated, because it is dis tween what the farmer receives and the consumer pays, which method will not much honored to have ~read my book. agreeable, but in proportion as we take involve any dependence upon Govern Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance the sugar-coated route, so the fall will be ment but which will be based on the co of my time. infinitely greater when we get through. operative action of the farmers them Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I The full implications of the subsidy selves in getting together and mutually yield such time as he may desire to the philosophy have not yet fully impressed forming themselves into cooperative gentleman from Kansas [Mr. LAMBERT• themselves upon this body. It may marketing and buying organizations for SON], prove to be a long and tortuous road. It the solution of this problem. Coopera Mr. LAMBERTSON. Mr. Speaker, I may extend far into the post-war period. tive methods have already proven suc .ask unanimous consent to extend my It may require billions of dollars. It cessful, in many parts of the country own remarks in the RECORD. may develop other maladjustments and in connection with many problems. The SPEAKER pro tempore. With· which in turn will make it increasingly Cooperatives of farm producers have out objection, it is so ordered. difficult to get back to a free economy in made all the difference in giving to those There was no objection. the post-war period. Certainly, it means farmers command over their own eco Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I growing Federal control over every in nomic fate. yield such time as he may desire to the dustry, every business, and every com I come from a section of the country gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. JEN· modity which is subsidized, so that where cooperatives are very widespread NINGS]. finally we will have created a sort of among our farmers, growers, and ranch Mr. JENNINGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask W. P. A. for business and industry. ers. I only need point out to you the vast unanimous consent to extend my own It is so easy to contend that it works difference between the problem confront remarks in the RECORD and include in Great Britain and should therefore ed by individual farmers, each operating therein an editorial and an essay. work here. Do not forget that Britain as an individual producer coming to The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without has only 7 percent of her people em market with his crops and confronted objection, it is so ordered. ployed in the production of food com there with monopolistic control of that There was no objection. . modities and hence it could work in a bottleneck between the producer and his Mr. COLMER~ Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 country where a small percentage are market, and finding it necessary to sell minutes to the gentleman from North subsidized for the other 93 percent. at whatever price is dictated by that mid Carolina [Mr. CoOLEY]. Finally, do not forget that Britain's food dleman. I ask you to contrast that pic Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Speaker, this .reso needs have been provided by us through ture with the other picture of a group of lution contemplates the most compre lend-lease and that the administration farm producers, wholly independent of hensive investigation that has ever been of a subsidy under those circumstances any governmental intervention or aid, sought at the h ands of Congress. The is comparatively easy and simple com who have joined together in a coopera magnitude of the task should not pared with the problem here. Let me tive organization, in order that they to-· frighten us. The scope of the resolution earnestly suggest the need for immediate gether may market their commodities in is broad enougl:. to actually embrace a and careful consideration of this subsidy an orderly and fair way and have some thorough investigation of the entire matter now before we embark upon a thing to say about the price for which economy of Amer~ca. Under the au fallacious course that is dangerous and they shall sell. thority of this resolution all phases of )943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4991 the great distribution system of this ever, that within our present distribution cannot have any better stuff to eat than country will be thoroughly investigated. system many evil practices have been that on the farm. That corn is ju-st The resolution was unanimously re permitted and that many parasites and simply ground up corn. I suppose the ported by the House Committee on Agri leeches have fastened themselves upon farmer got 80 cents a bushel for it. But culture and met no opposition at the the" distribution system of the country the corn in this paclmge cost $3.36 a hands of the Rules Committee of the which should be and remain in all re bushel. House. I predict that it will pass the spects a competitive system. I sold some corn when I was out home House in a few moments without a dis It will be the purpose of this commit during the recess at Easter for 88 cents senting vote. This, Mr. Speaker, is clear t,ee to determine whether or not our sys per bushel. It is always the farmer who and convincing evidence of the necessity tem can be made more efficient or more is to blame. The farmer is not respon for the investigation contemplated. It economical. It will be the purpose of sible for the high cost of living, seems to be generally conceded by every the committee to determine whether or This is a bill for the consumer. I have one that the spread between the prices not better methods of marketing can seen corn so low that we burned it in producers receive and the prices con be found; methods which will bring our homes in order to keep warm instead sumers must pay is too great. When about the greatest possible reduction in of buying coal with the proceeds of that you visit retail stores it is easy to under- . distribution costs. This, Mr. Speaker, is corn. This resolution provides simply stand why consumers complain. When the imperative challenge to the mer for an investigation. When we were be you visit the farm it is easy to under chants of America. We must eliminate fore the Rules Committee someone there stand why farmers complain. In seek the evil and preserve the good that is in asked me, "Well, what are you going to ing the passage of this resolution I do our present system and we must perfect do about it?" Candidly, I told them that not mean to even suggest that the mar our system for the future. Only by I did not know exactly what we could gin of profit now being realized by the thinking of the future will we be able do. But there are many things that retail merchants of America is in itself to influence the/ economy in which we might be done. The doctor always has the cause or even a contributing cause. shall live. to make an examination and a diagnosis Frankly, I do not believe that the retail Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, will the of the disease before he can remedy it. merchants have realized or are now real gentleman yield? lf I have fallen arches, the doctor should izing unholy profits upon retail sales. Mr. COOLEY. I yield. find out whether, the trouble is in my The fact is, on account of the many Mr. RANKIN. Does the resolution feet or up here in the lumbar vertebrae. difficulties which they are--now encoun also 'provide for investigating the dis That is what we will do in this case. tering many small retail merchants have crimination going on here in Washington We want to know what is causing this . been forced out of business. Thousands in favor of the chain stores over the in thing that makes living so high and of them have been forced to close their qividual groceryman? farm products so low. We want to know, doors on account of the fact that they Mr. COOLEY. I think that the reso for example, how the cooperatives can could not operate upon the small mar lution does contemplate that. As I maintain and save the consumer this gins of profit which they are allowed to stated in the beginning, I think the in money and how the farmers can get make. vestigation will be the most comprehen some of the things that they really earn. In supporting this resolution I assure sive ever authorized by this Congress I have never yet read a metropolitan you that I am not only interested in the and the committee charged with there paper that told the truth. They all talk welfare of the producer and in the wel sponsibility of conducting this investi about the higher cost of living as if it fare of the consumer, but I am likewise gation will have an opportunity to per were the farmer's fault. interested in the welfare of those who form a very worth-while service. Something was said a moment ago are now charged with the responsibility Mr. RANKIN. Will it also investigate about chain stores. Here is the 0. P. A. of operating this great distribution sys the freight-trade discrimination against advertising about rolling back prices and tem of America. Certainly those who are the agricultural sections of the country? paying subsidies, and telling our small now dependent for a livelihood upon the Mr. COOLEY. r certainly hope so, merchants that they cannot sell as successful operation of the distribution and if I have anything to do with it I cheaply as can ·the big chain and catalog . ' system of this. country should welcome ·shall insist that that be done. houses. They are absolutely advertis the investigation which is sought by this Mr. PACE. That is particularly ing it to the consumers of the small mer resolution. ~ - · named in the resolution. chants at the cost of the small merchants Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. Mr. COOLEY. Yes; that is definitely and they are advertising to the consum Speaker, will the gentleman yield? mentioned in the resolution. ers that the chain stores can sell cheaper Mr. COOLEY. I yield. The SPEAKER. The time of the gen than the local merchants. An investiga Mr. ANDERSON of California. I know tleman has expired. tion as called for in this bill is demanded. . many questions will be investigated by Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I The SPEAKER. The time of the gen this committee relating to the transpor yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from tleman has expired. tation of produce from farm to market Iowa• [Mr. GILCHRIST]. Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, and its distribution, but I wonder if this Mr. GILCHRIST. Mr. Speaker, so far I yield such time as he may desire to the committee or one of its subcommittees as I now recall, I was the first person to gentleman from Illinois [Mr. VuRSELLJ. will thoroughly investigate the repre lay down upon this table a long line of Mr. VURSELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask hensible practice engaged in by some packages of food which people bought unanimous consent to extend my own labor organizations in making truckers in order that they might eat. I had ex remarks in the RECORD and to include a pay a fee to their unions before they can hibits like this now in my hand and I letter. ' enter certain cities, which charge comes called attention to the great spread be The SPEAKER. Is there objection to out of the pockets of both the farmer tween the farm prices farmers got for the request of the gentleman from Illi and the consumer. these foods out on the farm and the nois [Mr. VURSELL]? Mr. COOLEY. I thank my friend for prices consumers paid for use at the There was no objection. having mentioned the very deplorable dinner table. The farmer is always Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, situation referred to. I have every rea blamed for this great spread between I yield the balance of the time on this son to believe that the committee will farm and dinner tal:5le but he gets very side to the gentleman from Wisconsin • thoroughly' investigate this particular little of it. [Mr. MURRAY]. matter. Here is a corn product. I live in :t Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. Mr. The sponsors of this resolution are corn country. The corn in that package Speaker, as far as this resolution is con devoted to the ideals of America and of corn flakes cost $134.40 a bushel, and cerned I am sure that under the leader f they believe in the American way of life. still they damn the farmer, although he ship of the gentleman from South Caro They believe in the competitive system got about 80 cents a bushel for it. lina [Mr. FULMER] it will be handled in of free enterprise and they likewise be I also have in this second package a very splendid manner and ultimately lieve that with all of its ills and imper some good old corn meal. Nobody ever some good will result from it. I just fections the distribution system of Amer had better food than good old corn meal wonder if our immediate food problem ica is the best distribution system in the mush on Sunday night, mush and milk, does not need a little more attention world. There is a general belief, how- or fried mush the next morning. You than some may think. I do not think 4992 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27 the Members of this House appreciate There are those who stand up on the think that the country is in a critical the difficulties and the embarrassing floor of the House, day after day, and condition with respect to the production situation as far as food is concerned. seem to feel badly for some particular of foodstuffs and that we ought to pro I just want to leave one thought with group of people, like these small business ceed, long before we can possibly hope to you, if I can, in regard to subsidies, and groups, and I have seen· enough t~ars have a report from this committee. I know how dangerous this ground is I shed here this session to float a battle The SPEAKER. The time of the gen am going to step out on. I know how ship, but the question that disturbs me tleman has expired. thin the ice is, so do not feel sorry for about it is the fact that, with all the law Mr. COLMER. M:r. Speaker, I move me. The mere fact that you pay a yers we have in Congress, we do not know the previo:us question. subsidy is not any assurance that we are where the authority of law is that gives The previous question was ordered. going to get production. This last year the 0. P. A. the right to put these people The SPEAKER. The question is on we have had subsidies extended to out of business; I would like to know agreeing to the resolution. cheese, for example: but we still have under what law or authority these men The resolution was agreed to. 24 percent less cheese today than a year are put out of business. A motion to reconsider was laid on the ago. They have not put any subsidies When Mr. Brown was before our com table. on hogs, but we have something that mittee he was asked the question as to PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE takes the place of a subsidy. We had a what authority they are using, what au guaranteed price of $13.25 as a floor price thority does the 0. P. A. have, to issue Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I up until September 1944. That inspired certain orders and regulations which are have a special order for today, which I the producers to go ahead. The hog forcing people out of business. Mr. would like to change to next Wednesday, farmer knows what the floor is going to Brown himself said he was not too sure I therefore ask unanimous consent that be and he knows that as long as the whether he had the legal right to do on Wednesday next, June 2, at the con governmental agencies keep corn down what certain groups were trying to get clusion of the legislative program and below parity that he has a pretty good .him to do. I think that is one of the following any special orders heretofore feeding ratio, so he can go ahead and troubles of this whole grade-labeling entered, I may address the House for 30 expand his operations as far as hogs are business. First of all, you have got to minutes. concerned. find some authority in the law authoriz The SPEAKER. Is there objection? There is something deeper than that ing them to do something about grade There was no objection. in these subsidies, and here is where the labeling before we should have grade LEAVE OF ABSENCE ice really gets thin. labeling. By unanimous consent, leave of ab That is the difficulty. They say, Are In other words, Congress formerly sence was granted to Mr. ScoTT, from you against a subsidy? I got a letter this passed laws and the bureaus carried June 1 to June 3, inclusive, on_account of morning from the head of a farm them out; now Congress has to pass laws official business. organization saying he was against all to keep the bureaus from doing -some subsidies. I wanted to be honest with thing they did not have a right to do WOMEN'S ARMY CORPS myself and honest with him and I had in the first place. These packers and Mr. MAY. Mr. Speaker, I move that to ask him if he wants to dispense with canners are a part of this food program the House resolve itself into the Com subsidies as it affects his own group. and we must recognize that fact. mittee of the Whole House on the state I would like to ask the gentleman from There is no use of our getting excited of the Union for the-consideration of the Illinois [Mr. DIRKSEN] a question with about it. As to subsidies, I think if we bill placement Another change we made in the Sen This bill in effect gives them the vari the immediate ous benefitS which would accrue to them of this personnel, with resulting' burrlen on ate bill was to reduce the minimum age .shipping and administration. limit from 21 to 20. The age limits fixed as a result of being a part of the Army. There appears to be little consistency in in the pending 'bill are 20 to 45. It also lowers the enlistment age to 20 permitting nurses, hospital dietitians, and We do not provide in this measure that from 21. This puts them on an even physiotherapists to go overseas and at the the members of the Women's Army Corps basis with the WAVES, with similar pro same' time prohibit similar use of Women's vision being made for them. Army Corps personnel. may have the 'benefits of the service We now have under consideration requests men's dependency allowances, but we do Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gentlewoman from Massachusetts [Mrs. from overseas theater commanders for over provide that they shall be entitled to all 3,000 WAAC personnel. Plans for early ship other benefits and p,rivileges of other ROGERS]. ments against these requisitions are now members of the Army of the United ~rs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. being formulated. States, that is, male members, enlisted Chairman, I think there is no real op position to the bill. It seems but just to The following is a letter from the able men and officers in the same rank that director, Oveta Culp Hobby, as a result they shall occupy in the armed services. give these women an opportunity to take out national life insurance, and to give of further quotations from Army officers We put the administration of this por as to the kind of service the W AAC's tion of the act under the Veterans' Ad them other benefits. The War Depart ment believes they will be more valuable are performing: ministration instead of the Federal Em MAY 26, 1943. I ployees' Compensatior Commission. actually taken into the Army than as an auxiliary. In the beginning they felt Han. EDITH NOURSE ROGERS, As I stated a moment ago, this remains House of Representatives, entirely voluntary. The ·corps is a vol that an auxiliary was wise, but as time Washington, D. C. unteer organization. There will be no has gone on they have felt it is impor DEAR MRs. RoGERs: Here are some additional arafting of members of this corps. The tant to take them into the Army. quotations about the corps which ranking I have seen a good many of these offi-::ers have made. I am sure you will enjoy only enlistment will· be volunteering by reading them as much as I did: those who desire to become members WAAC's and I find them extremely dig nified and unselfish in their service. Brig. Gen. J. R. Kilpatrick, commanding of th~ corps. general, Hampton Roads, Port of Embarka· Mr. Chairman, I think that in sub They only wish to take the place of the tion, Newport News, Va.: stance covers the principal changes in men in order to release them for duty "I am greatly impressed with their dis the legislation. and to fill any position where they are cipline, 1ntemgence, efficiency, and devotion needed, no matter how humble or to duty. They have raised the standard of Mr. WICKERSHAM. Mr. Chairman, prosaic. They are doing a very fine, discipline of the command and .are doing a will the gentleman yield? patriotic job, and they have my deepest splendid job." Mr. MAY. I yield to the gentleman respect and gratitude, and I know that Col. George W. Teachout, commanding of from Oklahoma. all the Members of the House hold them ficer, Camp Crowder, Mo.: Mr. WICKERSHAM. Does this meas in the same respect and the same honor "I believe we have at Camp Crowder one ure allow these girls the privilege of tak of the largest groups of the women's Army that I do. The Commander in Chief of Auxiliary Corps in any post. • • • The ing out insurance? the Army, President Roosevelt, paid the morale of the girls is very high. General Mr. MAY. It applies to them the same W AAC's a fine tribute on their first an Milliken, General King, and myself, each of as to enlisted men and officers in the niversary. whom has a company in our command, are Regular Establishment, of the same rank The following information was pre most delighted and pleased with the work and grade. sented to me by the War Department that the girls are doing." Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, I Maj. Gen. Barton K. Yount, commanding showing the necessity for a certain num general, A. A. F. Flying Training Command, yield myself such time as I may, require. ber of W AAC's overseas: Fort Worth. Tex.: Mr. Chairman, the act approved about The War Department has found by expe "Your corps has already proved its value a year ago which established the Wom rience that there are certain duties that are in hundreds of departments which were not en's Army Auxiliary Corps provided for most efficiently performed by women. This anticipated when it was founded. the creation of a corps of women for was true in 1918 when a number of civilian "The first detachments of WAAC's have S'9rvice with but not in the Army. This women were sent to France, and it is true begun to arrive at stations of this command, wa~ done designedly, for several reasons, today in most of the overseas theaters. These and they are already beg!J:lning to take the duties relate principally to clerical and com place of enlisted men who will thereby be the principal problem being that the munications functions in the higher head· made available for service overseas." creMiion of the Corps was in the nature quarters. Brig. Gen. Herbert C. Holdridge, Post Com of an experiment. The extent to which Conditior..s in the active and semiactive mandant, Fort Washington, Md.: the Corps would be utilized by the Army theaters today are such that it has l;>een '"The war has come into the home, ao was uncertain, and its exact place in the found impracticable and, inadvisable to send. woman's place is now in the war.'•

·. •

4994 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27 - Lt. Gen. Brehon B. Somervell, A. S. F.: that some college had organized a group body except a W AAC. She cannot com "Where the W AAC is, there is a job well of girls that called themselves the mand a soldier or a sailor even though done. The women of the corps are more than she O\ltranks him. No, she bas to take fulfilling the hopes of the Army. Their work WORMS. Here is what you have to con 1s splendid; their service of great value. The tend with. There are nearly 10,000,000 · commands from some officer. Army needs them more and more, and looks men in the service and only 1,250,000 I hope that this Congress will not al on them with pride." men overseas. You cannot open a sec low the womanhood of this Nation to Brig. Gen. T. J. Hanley, A. A. F.: ond -front because you do not have suffi be taught that there _s class in this "The WAAC's are doing a fine job wher cient shipping to send the •men and country. I have always thought that a ever they are and the Army Air Forces are equipment over there. And it was testi good woman was as good as anything in looking forward to receiving many more fied before our committee that it takes the world; that she was equal to any companies." Col. E. W. Timberlake, post commander, 17 tons of shipping to send 1 person over. thing. But no, not so. Down in Ken Bolling Field, D. C.: Five hundred WAVES would take ap tucky, down in my own district a few "The Women's Army Auxiliary Corps per proximately 10,000 tons of shipping; a days ago, at a camp down there, a ridic sonnel assigned to our command has shown pretty good-sized ship to take them over. ulous thing happened. A second lieu the highest type of intelligence and aptitude And here we have MacArthur praying tenant came down the road in a car in relieving enlisted men for administrative for dive bombers, praying for planes, driven by a W AAC. They drove up functions. The exchange is made on a one for-one basis and, frankly, I have found the praying for bombs, and machine guns, · to a famous roadside inn, a beauti WAAC's work, quantitatively and qualita and what do you do? You send them a fUl little place, to eat. He got out tively, to be equal to that of the enlisted men bunch of WAVES or a bunch of W AAC's, of the car. He left the W AAC at they replaced." and why? Because they say the women the wheel. He went in and wined and Col. Charles W. Seifert, post executive to ought to have a part in this war. I take dined himself, and he did not take th'e Fifth Service Command: off my hat to the women of this country. girl in, never bought her anything to "The WAAC company is fulfilling our ex They have built our cities, they have pectation of service to the ver..y highest de eat. When he was questioned about his gree. Their demonstration of military cour built our schools, and our homes, and action, do you know what his answer tesy, enthusiasm, and spirit of service is an we owe a great debt of gratitude to them was? He said, "I could not take her in inspiration to the entire command." for all the fine things in this country. for lunch because I outrank her. I could Sincerely, God created them a little lower -than not eat with her. Because of military OVETA CULP HoBBY, the angels, and they can have anything regulations it would be a violation for Director. in this country that they want. I say to me to do that." If you want to teach Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, I you that if they had the right to sit in our women and our girls to become now yield to the gentleman from New these seats this afternoon and vote on chauffeurs for second lieutenants in the York [Mr. KEARNEY]. this bill it would not pass, because the Army,.then I am frank to admit that I Mr. KEARNEY. Mr. Chairman, I ask good women in your district and in my do not understand my colleagues. unanimous consent to revise and extend district -would not support a measure of Oh, look here. We are spending bii my remarks at this point and include an this kind. They are not going to fight. lions of dollars: a bankrupt nation. article from the Yank. One of them came up here the other day When· the boys come home we will not The CHAffiMAN. The gentleman will to see me. I do not know why. She is be able to pay them compensation. Yet have to get permission in the House to not from my district, she is not from my you have three or four hundred thou include the article referred to. State, but she had seen in the newspapers sand SPARS and WAVES and WAAC's. Is there objection to the request of the where I had been ·opposed to some of Look at what your country is paying your gentleman from New York to revise and these organizations. She .said to me: "I money for. Here is a picture in Sunday's extend his remarks? want to tell you about this thing. They Star. There is a beautiful girl. She There was no objection. took me down to Daytona Beach when I said, "I joined to serve my country and Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, there seems was enlisted, or incarcerated or what I am having the time of my life." . to be no ..further desire for time in sup ever you want to call it, and they took You go down into my district and the port of the bill. I understand the gen over a big hotel down there and they high school children are bringing out tleman from Kentucky [Mr. VINCENT] took every door off the hotel, the first their pennies to buy bonds in order to has requested time in opposition. I yield thing. They did not want any privacy send bombs over there, and then they the gentleman 10 minutes. in that building. They took all the doors take that money and they spend millions Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. down, even the bathroom doors, and they and millions of dollars on this program, Chairman, this bill ought not ·to be here. put all the girls in together. Then they buying advertisine, building camps, and In my service, I believe it is the worst had to have a bed check-! never heard renting institutions. The other day ·bill that has been introduced in this Con- of a bed check before-at 11 o'clock at LaGuardia came down here and he..,.. got gress during that time. No one, in my night." All military training. I then hold of Admiral Jacobs. He sold him judgment, can justify the provisions of asked her to tell me what they taught on the idea of training the WAVES up the bill. I am not speaking here today them down there, whether they taught in the Bronx at Hunter College. We for myself. I am speaking to yo~ today her . to run a typewriter, or an .adding spent $1,000,000 to rent the college. We for the women of America. The other machine. She said: "Here are some of spent $800,000 to rent apartment houses day I made some remarks on this :floor the things I bad to learn. The hardest to house the WAVES. I said to Admiral with regard to a similar bill for the thing I had to learn was to salute an Jacobs, "What did you do that for?" He WAVES, and a committee came to see officer. You had to stand with your feet · thought it was very improper for me to me. That committee was made up of the together, stand up straight, get your arm ask such a question. You may think it wives of naval and Army officers. They out at a particular angle, but I could not improper now for me to bring this mat told me that they-.had been precluded do the job just right." After a while she ter to your attention, but he said, "In from going out of the United States with mastered that in the bpot training. She fact, New York City has been hard hit their husbands during the emergency. said the hardest thing ·she had to learn by the war." They said for our sake, they pleaded ·was to say "Good night, ma'am." One· member of my committee said, with me to use .every effort I could to Now, Mr. Chairman, I want you to tell "I am surprised at that because the other prevent the women's auxiliaries, the me in the name of common sense wpat night I was up there and I thought I WAVES, the WAAC, the SPARS, or any good it is going to do, to teach a girl that was going to have to sleep in the park. other organization to have that privilege kind of stuff, when you say they are to be I could not get a hotel room anywhere. which was denied to them. Do you doubt Brought in here to do book work so as to I thought it was the richest city on the that the wives of Army officers and naval release some man for overseas duty. The face of the earth. I have bragged about officers are opposed to this measure? Of fact is you want to militarize the women it all over my district," yet we come to . course you do not. They want to bring of this country, to regulate them, and find out from this admiral that he let fn 150,000 WAVES and 150,000 WAAC's. teach them that men are superior, and . LaGuardia sell him a bill of goods on I do not know how many SPARS they that they have to look up to them and Hunter College because New York needed want to bring in or how many of these salute and that commands must be recog something. Bartering a way the people's other auxiliaries. I was amazed the nized. Then you have in this bill that money. Why? Because LaGuardia other day when I read in a newspaper a WAAC cannot give a command to any- came down here and sold him on the 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4995 idea of taking girls from Washington, of the National Defense Act, as amended (54 in1ous consent to proceed out of order from Tennessee, from Kentucky and Stat. 213), and who are on the date of such for 5 minutes. enlistment citizens of the United States be sending them to Hunter College to be tween the ages of 20 and 45 years." The CHAffiMAN. Without objection, trained. it is so ordered. The CHAmMAN. The time of the The committee amendment was There was no objection. gentleman has expired. agreed to. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Chairman, in ris Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, I The Clerk read as follows: ing at this time I am appreciative of the yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from SEC. · 3. The commissioned otncers of such tolerant attitude of the House which, Missouri [Mr. BENNETT]. corps shall consist of women appointed as during this debate, grants me the privi Mr. BENNE'IT of Missouri. I just otncers in the Army of the United States lege of speaking out of order so that I wanted to ask the gentleman from· New under the provisions of the joint resolution may pay my humble tribute to the name York a question. It is my understanding of September 22, 1941 (55 Stat. 728), and ordered into the active military service of and memory of one of Michigan's grea-t that under the law at present deceased the United States. est citizens, and one of the greatest per WAAC's are not entitled to be buried in They and their dependents and benefi sonalities of this generation, the late and national cemeteries as are the WAVES ciaries shall have all of the rights, privileges, beloved Edsel Bryant Ford. and SPARS and the women marines. and benefits accorded In like cases to other · Fate denied me the privilege of know Is it the gentleman's understanding that persons under that act, except where other- ing, personally, this outstanding and up one of the benefits which will accrue as wise· expressly provided. · right fellow citizen, but I feel in my heart a result of the enactment of this legis With the following committee amend that I have known him intimately dur lation is that that will be equalized? ment: ing most of my life. Mr. ANDREWS. It entitles all mem Edsel Ford was a man of my own age. bers of the W AAC to all benefits of Page 3, line 5, after the word States, insert "The commanding otncer of such corps shall I have watched him grow alongside of members of the Army. be a colonel and such officers of lower rank his illustrious and productive father. I Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I do not shall be appointed as the Secretary of War have watched him expand, even ahead of have any further requests for time. may prescribe: Provided, That physicians the great Ford enterprises. The only son Therefore the Clerk may read the bill. and nurses shall not be enlisted in this corps: of his father, he led an exemplary and The Clerk read as follows: And provided further, That m111tary author inspiring life. Unlike the sons of some Be it enacted, etc., That there is hereby ity of otncers commissioned under the pro wealthy families, Edsel Ford grew to established in the Army of the United States, visions of this act may be exercised _over women of the Women's Army Corps only, manhood modest, unspoiled, and produc fo·· the period until the cessation of hostlU tive. Scandal, not in the slightest degree, ties in the present war and for 6 months and is limited to the administration of the thereafter or for such shorter period as the corps." ever soiled his name. In following his Congress by concurrent resolution or the Page 3, line 15, after the word "act", insert father's footsteps, he has made a great President by proclamation shall prescribe, or "except where otherwise expressly provided." success of his business but he has never until January 1, 1945, whichever is earlier, The committee: amendments were lost touch with the world about him as a component to be known as the Women's agreed to. he patronized the arts and the sciences, Army Auxiliary Corps. The Clerk read as follows: and contributed mightily to every worth while charity, not confining his gifts to With the following.committee amend SEc. 4. The Secretary of War is authorized ment:.. to prescribe such additional regulations ap any geographical area, nor to any par ticular element, or restricting benefits to Page 1, line 3, strike out all after the enact plicable to such corps and to the members ing clause down to and including line 9, thereof as he may deem necessary. The any creed of our society. and insert "That there is hereby established Women's Army Auxillary Corps and the Army My heart goes out to Henry Ford, a in the Army of the United States, for the Nurse Corps shall be the only women's or noble father, and to Mrs. Ford, a loving period of the present war and for 6 months ganizations in the Army of the United States. and devoted mother, in this their hour of thereafter or for such shorter period as the With the following committee supreme sacrifice in the los_s of their only Congress by concurrent resolution or the son. President by proclamation shall prescribe, a amendment: Strike out all of section 4. In the time of the Nation's crisis, why component to be known as the Women's could not this life have been spared to Army Corps. The total number of women The committee amendment was enlisted or appointed in the Women's Army sustain the parents and the family of Corps shall not exceed the number authorized agreed to. this outstanding and universally beloved from time to time by the President, and in The C1erk read as follows: citizen. - - no event shall exceed 150,000." SEc. 5. NotWithstanding any other provi I offer my silent prayer for the repose sion of law, no woman appoi-nted as an of his kindly and noble soul, and I pray The committee amendment was agreed otncer in the Army of the United States to. under the provisions hereof who has pre that the God of all, the Master Mechanic The Clerk read as follows: viously held an appointment as an otncer of the Universe, shall welcome this genius of production and grant him life ever SEC. 2. The enlisted personnel of such corps of the Women's Army Auxiltary Corps estab shall consist of women enlisted in the Army lishEd pursuant to the provisions of the act lasting, where his efforts will be even Of the United States under the provisions of May 14, 1942 (Public Law 554, 77th Cong.), n1ore appreciated than they were upon of the concluding paragraph of sectio~ 127a shall be entitled to any uniform allowance this earthly sphere. May the good Lord of the National Defense Act, as amended payable to otncers of the Army of the Unite(:~ sustain the bereaved widow and the (54 Stat. 213). All laws and regulations now States. Such oftlcers who have not received a complete issue of uniforms, insignia. ac splendid sons and daughter, and the par or hereafter applicable to enlisted men or ents of the deceased with true Christian former enlisted men of the Army of the cessories; and eqUipment prescribed under United States and their dependents and bene the provisions of section 8 of such act of fortitude until they shall all meet again. ficiaries shall, in like cases and except where May .14, 1942, may be issued the remainder The Clerk read as follows: otherwise expressly provid~d. be applicable of such prescribed articles, and all such oftl SEc. 6. Effective on the last day of the respectively to enlisted personnel and for cers who have heretofore received, or may second calendar month following the date mer enlisted personnel of such corps and hereafter receive such complete issue, or any of the approval of this act, the act of May their dependents and beneficiaries. part thereof, may retain such articles as their 14, 1942, as amended, except section 11 personal property. • thereof, is hereby repealed. Section 11 of With the following committee such act of May 14, 1942, shall not be ap ~mendment: With the following committee amendment: plicable to enlisted personnel or commis Page 2, in line 9, after "2", strike out the sioned otncers of the corps established by remainder of the line and all down to and Page 3, line 23, strike out "5" and insert this act except in cases in which its appli including the period in line 13, and. insert: "4." cabllity is based upon the status of such "The enlisted personnel of such corps shall enlisted personnel or commisSioned ofllcers consist of women of excellent character in The committee amendment was as former members of the corps established good physical health, who are enlisted in the agreed to. by such act of May 14, 1942. Enlistment or Army of the United States under the pro Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Chairman, I move acceptance of appointment under the pro visions of the last paragraph of section 127a to strike out the last word and ask unan- visions of ~his act shall terminate service LXXXIX--315 4996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27 under the· act of May 14, 19.42, and person Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I .stop, look, and listen. Let us quit send nel who were enrolled or appointed under know the gentleman does not wish to do ing them over there. Let us send some the act last mentioned who do not so enlist the women any injustice. · men over there who ~ can fight. Let us or accept appointment hereunder will be dis charged. The Secretary of War is authorized Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I am not take off our coats and get ready to fight. to provide transportation and sleeping ac saying that the girls were at fault, and You are in a war. When America thinks commodations, or an allowance in lieu no criticism of them should be made. of an invasion, there wili be the wounded, thereof, at the rate of 5 cents per mile, for the Members of Congress who put through the crippled and maimed who will be travel from her last duty post to the Place legislation to send them over there are piled back into this · country. Women of her acceptance for appointment or enroll due the criticism, not the girls. Since get sick the same as men do. They will ment to any member of the Women's Army the gentlewoman has questioned my crowd the hospitals, they will use up the Auxiliary Corps established pursuant to the doctors. They have no business over provisions of such act of May 14, 1942, who statement, I may say that I refer to the is not appointed or enlisted in the Army of article in the Times-Herald by Helen there. They are in the way and I beg the United States pursuant to the provisions Essary, whose daughter is a member of this House and ask the Congress to rise of this act. the WAVES. I am sure the gentlewoman up against this. I believe if we had a from Massachusetts saw that; and I am: secret vote we would not have many votes With the following committee amend sure all of you saw the statement in the for this bill, and you need not be afraid ment: paper about the trouble that had de of it. I made the fight last July and I Page 4, line 13, strike out "6" and in veloped in north Africa, where the girls went ·home. I received the praise and sert "5." had to be given protection, probably by approbation of 95 percent of the good The amendment was agreed to. the convents or by the Mothers Superior women of my district. They do not want Mr. KUNKEL. Mr. Chairman, I move over there. That statement was in the this thing. They do not want this to to strike out the last word :for the pur Times-Herald in an article written by happen: You have 9,000,000 mothers pose of asking the gentleman from Ken Helen Essary a few days ago. now who have sent their sons away. tucky to explain why the bill does not Here the Government goes out and They can stand that, but let us n:1t send give the dependents of the WAAC's an robs the country of school teachers by their daughters. They are in enough allowance. It is because enlisted mem advertisements such as I showed you sorrow. bers of the WAAC do not have depend awhile ago. Advertisements whiqh ap The CHAIRMAN. The time of the ents, or is there some other good reason peal to the women of the country. Of gentleman has expired. for it? course the women are patriotic, but you Mr. GORE. Mr. · Chairman, I ask Mr. MAY. The provision we inserted know what problems it brings when you unanimous consent that the gentleman does not take away from the dependents put them in the service. Here is a bat may have 5 additional minutes. that may be included under the Service tery here, there is a company there; The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection men's Benefit Act, but it prohibits those they need a clerk, they need somebody to the request of the gentleman from members of this corps who are single to keep their records. What did we do Tennessee [Mr. GoRE]? from making claims for it, or those who in the other World War? We took boys Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, I ob have secondary or collateral dependents, out of the Army whose arches were fallen ject. that is, brothers and sisters rather than or who had other defects which prevented Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Chairman, a children. their serving in the combat troops. In point of order. Mr. KUNKEL. How about parents? ·my outfit we had a boy who had worked The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will Mr. MAY. They are not included. for the Associated Press. He could oper state it. Mr. KUNKEL. But the parents of en- ate a typewriter faster than any person Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Chairman, listed men are included. · I have seen. He l~EUJt our records. There the objection comes too late. I make the Mr. MAY. They are. are plenty of boys who can do this work. point of order that the Chair had already Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. Why have embarrassment? Why have ruled that the unanimous consent re Chairman, I offer an amendment. trouble? Because when you send them quest was granted. The Clerk read as follows: over there boys are going to give their The CHAIRMAN. The Chair put the Amendment offered by Mr. VINCENT of lives to protect them. When you send question, I may say to the gentleman Kentucky: On page 5, line 9, after the word girls over there rememheJ that with our from Pennsylvania, and the gentleman "act" change- the period to a colon and add soldiers you also have Arabs, you have · from New York [Mr. ANDREWS] objected. the following: "That no member of this Senegalese, you hav-e all kinds of people Mr. THOMASON. Mr. Chairman, l corps stationed in the United States shall be in the service and they are going to be rise in opposition to the amel,.ldment of ordered to serve outside of the continental thrown in contact with them. There is fered by the gentleman from Kentucky United States." bound to be complications. Those prob [Mr. VINCENT]. Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I reserve lems will come up. The only reason you Mr. Chairman, I regret exceedingly a point of order against the amendment. want this bill is to go out and, use it to that my good friend from Kentucky Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. entice more girls to join the organiza treats this bill partly as a matter of levity Chairman, the purpose of my amend tion. You know, the people of this coun and also subjects 50,000 fine young ment is to stop sending these W AAC's try have not swallowed this stuff. They women in this country, who have volun outside of the United States. The record say, "We do not want our girls to go." teer~d. if ! 70U please, to help win this war, will show, I am certain-at least I have Why, a mother ~arne a thousand miles to to a certain form of criticism and sar seen newspaper statements of the fact my otlice to see me. Her daughter casm, to which I do not think they are that they have had·some trQUble in north worked here in Washington and she is entitled, and which I know they do not Africa with the organization they sent 20 years old. The mother was crying deserve. I happen to be a member of over there. and asked me to beg her daughter not to the Committee on Military Affairs and I Mrsf ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. join this organization. I told her to go have attended the hearings on tb,is bill, Chairman, will the gentleman yield at down to Potomac Park, or to go down to and I voice, I believe, the unanimous that point? Anacostia and look around and find out opinion of the committee charged with Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I yield to what the enlisted personnel in this or the responsibility of looking into the the gentlewoman from Massachusetts. ganization had to do. The officers have matter. We heard the representatives Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I good times. The enlisted personnel peel of General Marshall who stated that feel sure the gentleman does not wish potatoes, they scrub floors, you make these women have done a masterful job to make any statement along that line. servants out of them, a:nd teach them to wherever they have been sent. Now. we I have checked and rechecked with the say, "Good night, M'am," and all those bring in_a bill here to clarify and sim War Department and they tell me they things. Down South we expect our ser plify the law that this Congress passed have not had any ditliculty with them vants to use that language, not the young by an overwhelming majority. I say in over there. ladies of the land. all fairness to these women that it is Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I yielded This is a problem and you have anum neither just nor magnanimous to ridi· to the gentlewoman to ask a question, ber of them over there now. Certainly cule them or to encourage vile and un not to make a statement. you have enough over there. Let us true propaganda about them. I see 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 4997 smiles and levity from a few, but I do Mr. THOMASON. I yield to the gen are in the Naval Establishment in shore not think these fine women deserve it. tleman from New York [Mr. WADS stations throughout the United States. They volunteered their services and I WORTH]. I am saying that so that when some -_assert they have done a grand job. Mr. WADSWORTH. If the reason one later comes out with a bill granting Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Will the back of this amendment is sound, should permission to use these WAVES on a gentleman yield? we not disband the Army Nurse Corps? service they never enlisted for, that be Mr. THOMASON. I yield to the gen- Mr. THOMASON. Not only disband cause we might have accepted the recom tleman. - the Nurse Corps, but disband every mili mendation from the Military Affairs Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Did Gen tary activity in which women are Committee in this instance because they eral Marshall testify on this bill? participating. do not wish to risk impeding the progress Mr. THOMASON. Not personally on The CHAIRMAN. The time of the of the war, and because we feel that the this bill, but the chairman of the com gentleman from Texas has expired. Military Affairs Committee should know mittee, the distinguished gentleman Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I ask more about it than the Members who from your own State, will bear me out unanimous consent that the gentleman are not on that committee, that any vote that General Marshall sent word to the may proceed for 5 additional minutes. on this measure will not be considered as committee by his omcial representatives Mr. KUNKEL. I object. binding on anyone when a similar pro and spokesmen that the WAAC's had Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I object, . posal might come with respect to the done a marvelous job and he not only Mr. Chairman. naval service. wants them retained but he needs more. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. Mr. COLMER. Will the gentleman In that connection, may I ask my friend Chairman, I move to strike out the last yield? to take the time to read the report of word. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I General Eisenhower in north Africa in Mr. .Chairman, I take the floor only yield. reference to the fine young American to show this: This is a bill from the Mili Mr. COLMER. As a matter of fact, women who went to the battle front, who tary Affairs Committee, and my good there is no difference, is there? went right into the omces along with the friend from Texas in some of his remarks Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. In high-ranking Army omcers all the way has created a possible inference in the answer to my friend from Mississippi, I up to the front, and also acted as trans RECORD that those of us who a little later will say this: Maybe the War Depart~ lators. Many of them are college women might have a different mind with respect ment can justify, or the Military Affairs with three or four degrees and who are to bills from the Navy Department might Committee can say that the exigencies of able to speak two or three languages. be placed in a wrong position with respect the moment are such, that the shortage Ask General Eisenhower how these fine to any action we take on this bill. of manpower is such that .the need for yo~ng women performed in the battles of I am perhaps willing to accept the ad women is great because in that way they north Africa and there will not be a vote vice of the Military Affairs Committee on can relieve men from desk duty in the against this bill. matters originating in that committee, War Department and send them over I wish I could relate some experiences because I think, and I hope, that they seas. that the members of the Committee on have secured suffi.cient information from About that I do not know, because Military Affairs, along with a good many the War Department which they feel I d..Q not sit in the secret executive ses other Members of the House, had in New justifies them in their recommendation sions of the Committee on Military York yesterday. Most of the trip was · to the House. But I do not want any Affairs, but I hope that when they make a military secret but every man on the action of mine or of any other Member on a recommendation to this House they trip will now testify that the W AAC's are this bill to be construed as binding him have examined the question thoroughly. doing a fine patriotic job botl.. at home to follow any legislation or to supi;lOrt any I am a member of the Committee on and abroad. May I add right here that legislation that might be brought on the Naval Affairs, however, and a member when 50,000 fine young American women floor of the House relating to the Naval of the subcommittee that has been ap in this country, enlisted and volunteered Establishment. I say that for this rea pointed to investigate the personnel they probably enabled some married men son: I am a member of the Naval Affairs problem, enlisted, omcer, and civilian, of to stay out on the farms of Kentucky Committee. We had a bill on the floor the NaVY Department here in Washing and other States. These women who about 3 weeks ago to grant permission to ton. The statistics we have on that volunter must prove themselves to be use WAVES in overseas duty. I opposed with respect to these omcers and enlisted women of high character. There has that because I can tell you, as a member men who want to go abroad, who want been entirely too much vile and untrue of the Naval Affairs Committee, that no to go to sea, and who are not relieved to propaganda reflecting upon the char one from the NaVY Department has ever do so by a WAVE, are astounding. Then acter of these young women and I resent given any information to our committee they come along and ask to send a wom it. The records of the War Department that would in any way justify Congress an overseas, when they are taking no allowing WAVES to go overseas. steps to send the men who actually want show that they come from the best homes to go. of America, and it is our duty in this Mr. THOMASON. Will the gentleman terrible crisis to defend and encourage yield? The CHAffiMAN. The time of the them. That is what I propose to do. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I will gentleman from Pennsylvania has ex yield in just a moment. pired. Mr. Chairman, I am only relating what The situation with respect to nurses is Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. Chairman, I the record shows by the testimony sub entirely different. Nurses are women rise in opposition to the pro forma mitted before the Committee on Military who, in most cases, have had 3 or 4 years amendment. Affairs. of rigid disciplined service. They are Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Chairman, I want to add this: That if these more acquainted with life by nature of will the gentleman Yield? women have been doing a good job in their profession. Mr. SPARKMAN. I yield to the gen-. north Africa, a§ General Eisenhower says There are 6,000 enlisted men on duty tleman from Pennsylvania. they have, if they have done a splendid here in Washington, in the Navy De- Mr. EBERHARTER. If this bill is job in England, as the War Department . partment, and 7,500 omcers, most of passed, will not that put these women says they have, if the War Department them clamoring to get overseas. Wom in the same status as all soldiers, so that now says we need them and more, too, in en were enlisted and commissioned in the in the future if we pass any beneficial order to enable more young men to enter Navy in order to make it possible for legislation for the veterans that legisla the combat service, if they are needed, these men to be relieved of desk duty and tion will apply equally to these women and you are going to adopt this amend sent overseas, and we cannot justify in the Army Corps; in other words, any ment prohibiting foreign service, why not sending one single woman into danger, pension legislation or anything like that make it apply to nurses and all women even a danger that is occasioned by j1,1st will apply equally to these women? now doing such grand work overseas? a trip across the ocean, when there are Mr. SPARKMAN. Presumably it Why not be consistent? over 13,000 men on duty behind desks in would, with one exception, that the pro Mr. WADSWORTH. Will the gentle the NaVY Department in Washington, visions of the Service Men's Dependency man yield for a question? and thousands and thousands of them Allowance Act do not apply to them. 4998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27 But I did not want to discuss that par in this country in places that are just as gentleman from Alabama [Mr. SPARK ticular phase of this bill. dangerous as the places they will be sent MAN] came very close to bringing out a The gentleman who just preceded me over there. There is a great arsenal thought' I have in mind, which I think spent his time in discussing the bill that down in my section of the country. I is very pertinent. Those who were in seeks to permit the WAVES to go on for have gone in there and seen women do the party will recall the great office eign duty. Personally, I am in favor of ing dangerous work, working with dan building th~t our group passed by, where the WAVES going on foreign duty, but gerous chemicals, compounding explo not alone on one floor but on half a dozen the conditions relating to the WAVES sives, and building fuses. I have read or more floors there were several hun and to the women covered by this bill are in the paper, as you have, of explosions dred men who had their heads out of the not the same. In the first place, the in which women were killed. You do window. I studied carefully the faces of women who are covered by this bill are not object to their working in those those young men, soldiers, both o:fticers already· permitted to go on foreign duty places o: danger. IE it any more dan and enlisted men. They were ~lancing and we are not authorizing it anew. gerous to drive a jeep or an ambulance out of the windows of this huge Army When the WAVES bill was passed, for or a truck or to do some clerical work base office building and watching the some reason the Committee on Naval Af miles and miles back of the front line, world go by. I believe it was the gen fairs saw fit not to recommend to this but in a place where they can substitute tleman from Alabama who said to me at House that the WAVES be allowed to go for · some able-bodied young men who that time, "Why can we not have WAAC's on foreign duty. We are not bringing can be out digging a trench and carrying sitting up there doing those office jobs, in something new in this bill to allow the a rifle and firing a gun and doing the so that they may release these young WAAC's to have foreign duty. The gen real front-line work? men, who certainly should be in more tleman from Kentucky [Mr. VINcENT 1 is The CHAIRMAN. The time of the important work in this war of survival injecting something new into it in try gentleman from Alabama has expired. we are facing?" I agreed heartily with ing to forbid to them that foreign duty. Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Mr. him. We estimated at that time, less I certainly join with the gentleman from Chairman, I move to strike out the last than 24 hours ago, that fully 80 percent Pennsylvania in his desire to get these two words. of those hundreds of soldiers who were young men out of Washington and get Mr. Chairman, I had no intention of watching us go by were under 30 years them eut of these desk jobs. ' taking any part in this debate, and I of age. Personally, I was disturbed at Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. certainly want to see the bill passed, but their lack of application to their jobs. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? I do not want the RECORD to stand that Permit me to bring one more point to Mr. SPARKMAN. I yield. in the opinion of this House, American your attention. In various tours of Army Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. women would be in the way if they were camps during the past 2 weeks I do not With respect to the Naval Establish permitted to go overseas or to go to any believe that I (Ver at any point heard of . ment- part of the world with our Army. anything that was not complimentary to Mr. SPARKMAN. With respect to all I want to pay my tribute to the serv the work that the WAAC 's are doing of them. i®S rendered by American women dur today. I made inquiry especially of Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I ing World War No. 1 in France and in numerous officers as to how the WAAC's take it for granted the gentleman knows other places. There is nothing that were of assistance and whether such or more about the War Department than means so much to an American soldier, ganization proved beneficial. These o:tH --- I do, because he is on the Committee on if he has the misfortune to find himself cers invariably praised the work of the Military Affairs, but does the gentleman in an Army hospital, as to look up and W AAC's. One complained that there believe there is any justification in send see in that ward a fine American woman. were far too few of this group in the ing a single woman overseas in the I never· saw one in the military service service. Naval Establishment when there are 13,- that was in anybody's way. The same I do feel, Mr. Chairman, that the 000 men on duty in the city of Wash thing applies not only to nurses but to WAAC's perform a great service to our ington? recreational aides, physio and occupa Nation. I do not agree that they should Mr. SPARKMAN.· Let us argue the tional ai'des, whether they are in uni go overseas, however. Let the able naval bill when we get to it. form or whether they are just patri bodied m~n we saw yesterday \in that Wellave been assured by the War De otic American women who have gone office building go overseas. These young partment that they are moving these abroad to render whatever service in a women can replace them at their o:ftice young men out just as fast as they can. recreational way they can to the men of jobs and most likely do a far better job Every woman in the Auxiliary Corps the armed services. than the young men who I am sure would who has been trained and sent to the So long ::ts our military authorities con much rather go into active service. field has replaced a man. Under pres tinue to select the type of women that Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I rise ent regulations she must replace a man have been selected in the W AAC, the merely to make one or two remarks. when she is sent out. WAVES, and the other women's .organi There is a letter which appears in the I was in a military establishment yes zations, we are not going to have any record of the hearings from General terday with other Members of Congress. problem with them, whether they be in Marshall, pointing out definitely the I happened to talk to an officer of the /..frica, G::-eat Britain, or on the conti need for t.hese women in the Army of the WAAC. I asked her how many WAAC's nent of Europe. ·I respect the women who United States. He was frank enough were used in-that particular establish have volunteered their services, and I to say to our committee that when he ment. She said that at the present time know that the American men now serv considered the original legislation he there are about 400, but that the plans ing in our military and naval forces will thought their proper place was to be call for 2,000. My question was prompt protect them wherever they may be as with the Army, but not in the Army; but ed by seeing literally hundreds of young signed to carry on their worth-while ac in view of the experience he ·has had in men, apparently able-bodied, well able tivity. The man who wrote the words their training, he has changed his mind to go out into field duty. Every one of for· the popular song The Rose of No and come to feel that theu place is in the those 1,600 additional WAAC's that will Man's Land expressed my attitude to the Army. be sent to that establishment will re American women who serve so nobly in Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Chairman, will the place one of those able-bodied young time of war. God bless them. Their gentleman yield? men and release him for foreign service. contribution to the morale and the mor Mr. MAY. Yes. Remember that in fQreign service we als of our Army cannot be overstated. Mr. COOLEY. To ask the chairman have hundreds and thousands of able Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. Mr. Chair of the committee if the enlisted per bodied young men who are driving Jeeps man, I rise in opposition to. the pro sonnel and the heads of the personnel, and trucks and doing clerical jobs, do forma amendment and ask unanimous both, likewise will be free to withdraw ing the kind of work that women are consent to extend my remarks. from service and not,be forced to remain doing in this country. Every woman we The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? in the Regular Army? send to foreign duty will replace one of There was no objection. Mr. MAY. I made that statement in those men. Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. Mr. Chair my original remarks. It is entirely vol Talk about sending women to danger man, a number of us in this House took untary. If they do not want to remain, zones; we are working women right here part in a little trip yesterday, and the they are lmmediately discharged. l943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4999 Mr. COOLEY. · In other words, all of elusion was reached, I think it was by America and knows that he places them the · enlisted personnel, under the misunderstanding and misinterpretation on a high pedestal. For that very rea changes made, will be free to retire from of his words. The man does not live who son he is arguing against this bill, in the service? holds in higher respect the womanhood order to preserve the respect that the Mr. MAY. That is correct. And that of the world than ·I do. I do not claim people of this country have for the relates to officers also. unusual position in that regard, but I do women of this country and to keep them Mr. HARRIS of Virginia. Did the claim equality of position with anybody on that high ·pedestal. general make any remarks in regard to who lives. On account of that pedestal Mr. FOLGER. I do not think any the necessity for W AAC's going overseas? upon which I have placed her and which thing else was intended. I think it was Mr. MAY. I do not remember that position she has occupied in my life al a reference to some organization that there was anything in his letter about ways, I am opposed to this bill. I have was . misunderstood. that, but he did send a couple of hundred hesitated very seriously about making The CHAIRMAN. The time of the of them to Africa. · opposition to it because I did not have gentleman has expired. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. the advantage and benefit of listening to Mr. PACE. Mr. Chairman, may we Chairman, I have a statement here that the testimony before this fine Committee have the amendment reported again? I shall ask to have inserted in my re on Military Affairs, which committee I The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, marks, which comes from the War De have followed every time since June 1941, the Clerk will again report the pending partment, and which was brought to me when I became a Member of this House. amendment. by a legislative representative, to use But I suggest to you that the gentleman There being no objection, the Clerk regarding the sending of women over from Connecticut [Mr. MILLER], who was again reported the amendment · offered seas. I think the House will be favorable rolled into this House to testify as to the by the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. to their going overseas, as the War De grandeur of the presence of women in VINCENT]. partment has wished. time of war, made most particular refer The CHAIRMAN. The question is on Mr. MAY. I read the article the gen ence to that woman who occupies a posi the amendment offered by the gentleman tlewoman refers to, and it may be in tion as grand as one can-that of a nurse from Kentucky. cluded in my remarks, when we get into who ministers to one when he is injured The question was taken; and on a di the House, if the lady so desires. or sick or about to die. vision .(demanded by Mr. VINCENT of Mr. WHITITNGTON. While General Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Will the Kentucky) there were ayes 34 and Marshall may not have made any specific gentleman yield? noes 69. · · statements, it is true that the Secretary Mr. FOLGER. Yes; I yield. So the amendment was rejected. of War recommended the passage of this Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. I do not The CHAffiMAN. The Clerk will re bill, which does provide for that service. want the RECORD to appear that I con port the committee amendment. Mr. MAY. That is correct. fined my remarks to nurses. The Clerk read as follows: Mr. WHITTINGTON. Is it not also Mr. FOLGER. I shall be particular Committee amendment: On page 5, line 10, true that the defeat of this bill would not about that. The gentleman made fur insert: abolish the auxiliary corps? This legis ther reference, and that is an interpreta "SEc. 6. The provisions of the Servicemen's lation is intended to supplant, replace, tion of my own. We are having a short Dependents Allowance Act of 1942 (Public and perfect existing legislation. age of nurses throughout this Nation to Law 625, 77th Cong., approved June 23, 1942), Mr. MAY. Yes. day. There is pending in the House and shall not be applicable to the dependents of women enlisted under the provisions of this Mr. WHITTINGTON. . Among other in the Senate a bill which would limit act. Money allowances for subsistence and things, if it becomes necessary to dis an appropriation for the purpose of se rental of quarters shall be allowed to women cipline a member of the·corps, this legis curing nurses . against the anticipated commissioned or enlisted under the provisions lation would authorize that, whereas the time when there will be an alarming of this !).ct only to the extent that they are present provisions are lacking in that dearth of them. The bill provides that allowed to male commissioned officers and en respect. those who shall administer it must con listed men, respectively, without depend~nts:" Mr. MAY. I thank the gentleman for fine it to hospitals which have an aver The CHAIRMAN. The question is on his contribution, which is in point and age number of 100 patients per day the committee amendment. greatly clarifies the situation. throughout the year. In my State of The committee amendment was agreed Mr. FOLGER. Mr. Chairman, I move North Carolina it has the effect of mak to. to strike out the last four words. ing provision for 9 hospitals and deny Mr. VINCENT of Kentuc'ky. Mr. Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, will the ing that provision to 34 hospitals, and I Chairman, I offer an amendment. gentleman yield? apprehend the same ratio will hold The Clerk read as follows: largely in every State in the Union. I Mr. FOLGER. I yield. ·Amendment offered by Mr. VINCENT of Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I ask unan want some more nurses. Kentucky: On page 5, line 18, after the word imous consent that all debate on this Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. Chairman, will "dependents", at the end of line 18, strike amendment and all amendments thereto the gentleman yield? out the period, add a colon and the following: close in 5 minutes. Mr. FOLGER. I yield. "Provided, That members of this corps shall The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? Mr. SPARKMAN. Granting the gen not be eligible for pension or compensation There was no objection. tleman's argument is true, and it is true, for disabilities received on account of service Mr. FOLGER. Mr. Chairman, I have how would the defeat of this bill affect iD. said corps unless -such service was ren finally concluded it would be a cowardly that proposition one bit? dered outside the continental United States." thing for me to remain silent, fe.eling as Mr. ·FOLGER. I heard a soldier on the Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. I do in reference to this legislation and train the other night as I came to Wash Chairman, we are about ready, I hope, to seeing that the gentleman from Ken .. ington, talking to two lovely girls. There open a second front and when we do our tucky [Mr. VINCENT] is bearing the bur were two soldiers and two girls. They wounded heroes will be coming back to den of the opposition alone. were all nice. The girls were nice. The this country in countless numbers. I I am qpposed to the bill, and being boys were fine. Those young men said: hope when that time comes they will opposed to it I did not feel it was allow with great respect, "We wish you would not be put into competition, these vet able that I should remain silent in a give us nurses instead of soldiers or erans returning from the battle fronts, cowardly way. · W AAC's and WAVES," and they did it with girls who have been assigned civil Mr. Chairman, I have not been re very politely. service jobs in this country. quested to do so, and I know that no Mr. EBERHARTER. Will the gentle My amendment provides that if a girl indictment of the gentleman from Ken man yield? goes overseas she shall be eligible for tucky [Mr. VINCENT] was intended, but Mr. FOLGER. I yield. compensation, but unless she serves I do wan.t to suggest to the House that Mr. EBERHARTER. I would like to overseas she will not be eligible to re the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. VIN make the observation that anybody who ceive a pension or compensation for CENT J has not spoken in disrespect or knows the gentle:r;nan from Kentucky physical disability receivee during the disparagement of the womanhood of the [Mr. VINCENT] knows that he has the war. I hope you will not put them in United States of America. If that con- highest respect for the womanhood of competition with these boys who go 5000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE MAY.._ 27 over there and risk their lives, for the The proprietor said "I am willing to Mr. McMURRAY. I should like to say girls who stay home are not in the dan give you something to eat if you will tell that I am in entire agreement. We are ger zone. The Government clothes me a good story." giving women the responsibility, as an them, pays them a good salary, and they And the beg~ar told him the story of integral part of the Army, to perform are not in danger here. The whole a woodpecker who in a storm lighted on military services and no valid reason has theory of pension and compensation is to the end of a branch of a gi'eat oak and been given that should cause us to deny take care of our veterans who :fight our began pecking on it. While he was peck them any benefits or any privileges that wars, who put themselves in danger, and ing a great wind came along and up we give the armed forces of the United become thereby disabled. rooted the tree, and to his dying day States. Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Chairman, will the bird believed it was his pecking that Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Will the the gentleman yield?· caused the tree to fall. gentleman yield? Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Gladly. And so many people who will never Mr. McMURRAY. I yield to the gen Mr. COOLEY. If we intend to exact leave this country will run around after tleman from Connecticut. the same responsibility from the v;AAC's, the war is over saying: "I won the war. Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Is it not , does not the gentleman think we ought I won the war.'' When the war is over a fact that under this bill the women do to make them the same allowances and the veteran who served in this country get every benefit that the men get? An· provide for them the same benefits behind a desk, who never was in any allotment is not a benefit to the soldier. whether they be pensions or other com danger at all but who had a good job at Mr. McMURRAY. An allotment to a pensation? If we have the policy of Government expense, the Government dependent of a soldier is a benefit to the employing them in this country, it seems furnishing him his clothing, the Govern soldier. to me that identically the same pro ment furnishing him his medical atten Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. If the visions should be made for the women tion, certainly he ought not be allowed woman voluntarily enlists and has no as for the men. a pension or compensation. . dependents, she would not have any allot Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky, The Mr. KEAN. Mr. Chairman, will ·the ment to give. She must have no de committee did not do that; they ex gentleman yield? pendents when she enlists. If she ac cluded them from making allotments to Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I yield. quires dependents after enlisting that their dependents. If it is true that their Mr. KEAN. With reference to the should be her responsibility. Therefore dependents are not entitled to allot gentleman's remarks about pensions t-o she gets every benefit that the soldier ments, the WAAC's who serve in this people who serve only in this country, gets. If I did not think so, I would not country ought not to be entitled to pen did the gentleman vote for the bill that vote for the bill. sions or compensation for physical dis was passed last year providing pensions Mr. KUNKEL. Will the gentleman ability especially when they stay here for widows of war veterans whose hus yield? in good jobs, in the country at home, bands died from disabilities not service Mr. McMURRAY. I yield to the gen not in any more danger than you are · connected? tleman from Pennsylvania. in, not in any more danger than I am Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I believe Mr. KUNKEL. I am in accord with in right now. I did. I am a veteran of the last w~r the opinion the gentleman expressed on Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Mr. and I vote for all veteran legislation; section 6, the dependent allowance pro Chairman, will the gentleman yield for and that is the reason I am pieading visions in this bill. a question? with the House now to protect the vet Mr. McMURRAY. I thank the gentle- Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I yield. erans of this conflict, because I know and man. ' ' Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Would you know there will be literally thou Mr. ELSTON of Ohio. Will the gen-. the gentleman support an amendment sands of them back here crippled and tleman yield? that would deny compensation to a sol blind and helpless, and with this debt on Mr. McMURRAY. I yield to the gen dier who served in the United States? us we shall not be able to provide for tleman from Ohio. Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I cer them properly. Mr. ELSTON of Ohio. If the gentle tain!~ will support an amendment that The CHAIRMAN. The time of the man's position is correct and section 6 would preclude any man who stays in gentleman from Kentucky has expired. should be eliminated, it would be possible the United States and is not put in dan Mr. McMURRAY. Mr. Chairman, I for a woman to make an allowance to ger from receiving any compensation. rise in opposition to the amendment and her husband who is in the Army, and he If he is not put in danger, why should he ask unanimous consent to revise and ex to make an allowance to her, with the take funds due a wounded soldier? tend my remarks. Government paying both of them. Does . Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Chairman, will the The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the gentleman think that is proper? gentleman yield at that point? it is so ordered. Mr.' McMURRAY. I think there has Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I yield. There was no objection. been loose thinking on the question of Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Chairman, does Mr. McMURRAY. Mr. Chairman, I allowance. I happen to be one of seven not the gentleman know th,at in some of did not want to get into this discussion, Members of this House who, on a stand the maneuvers, some of the practices, but I think someone ought to stand up ing vote, voted against a bill which men unfortunately are injur..ed and some here and say that a great many of the wanted to restrict the Selective Service times lose their lives in preparation for words expressed here in beha:lf of Amer Act on the basis of dependency. I do not war right here at home? ican womanhood are in actuality an in think dependency ought to be considered Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. But that sult to the women of America. I am op of major importance, and I believe it is is a minor thing. We know and they posed to this amendment and I do not the responsibility of the Government to know that it is their own men who are like section 6 of this bill. I do not be make allowances for dependents when :flying above them. We have got to start lieve in the discrimination that is being men and women volunteer their services making limitations. The · fact of the set up. I am in favor of the bill, and I to the armed forces of the United States. business is that we are broke, this coun shall vote for it despite section 6, but I Now, I do not want to argue this. I try is bankrupt, and when these men ·do not like to see these discriminations merely state that I am opposed to sec come back we will not have enough set out in the law. • tion 6, if it does in fact discriminate money to support them as we ought to Mr. RICHARDS. Will the gentleman against women. I hope that we will be support them. Now, are we going to yield? . sensible, that we will really be proud of put in competition with them a class of Mr. McMURRAY. I yield to the gen our women, that we will defeat the pend people who have civil service jobs who tleman from South Carolina. ing amendment and pass the bill. will come in and say: "Why, I won the Mr. RICHARDS. Is there any reason Mr. KUNKEL. Will the gentleman war." It reminds me of a story. A beg in the world why, if the women are going yield? gar went into a restaurant: He told the to be placed in the Army on an equal Mr. McMURRAY. I yield to the gen manager he was a beggar and· had no basis that the men are, they should not tleman from Pennsylvania. money. He said: "I am hungry; I want receive all · the benefits that the men Mr. KUNKEL. It seems to me that something to eat." receive? the objection urged by the gentleman 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-J{OUSE 5001 from Ohio could certainly be cured by Engel Kelley Price Gifford Lynch Schimer Fellows Kilday Priest Gorski McGranery Scott legislative provision. Fenton Kinzer Rabaut Granger McLean Sheppard Mr. McMURRAY. I agree with the Fisher Knutson Ramey Grant, Ala. McWilliams Sheridan gentleman. Fitzpatrick Kunkel Ramspeck Green Maas Simpson, Pa. Flannagan LaFollette Reed, Ill. Grimths Merritt Smith, Maine The CHAIRMAN. The question is on Fogarty Landis Reed, N.Y. Guyer MUler, Nebr. Smith, Ohio the amendment offered by the gentle Forand Larcade Rees, Kans. Hall, Miller, Pa. Snyder man from Kentucky [Mr. VINCENT]. Ford Lecompte Rivers Edwin Arthur Mruk Stanley Fulbright LeFevre R1Zley Hall, Mundt Steagall The amendment was rejected. Gale Lemke Robertson Leonard W. Murphy Stearns, N. B. Mr. MAY. Mr. Chairman, I move that Gathings Lesinski Robsion, Ky. Heffernan Nichols Stevenson the committee do now rise and report Gavagan Lewis, Ohio Rockwell Hess Norman Taber Gavin Luce Rodgers, Pa. Hoffman Norrell Taylor the bill back to the House with sundry Gearhart Ludlow Rogers, Call!. Jackson O'Brien, Mich. Treadway amendments with the recommendation Gilchrist McCord Rogers, Mass. Jeffrey O'Leary Vinson, Ga. that the bill as amended do pass. G11lette McCormack Rohrbough Jenkins O'Toole Weaver Gillie McCowen Rowan Jonkman Pfeifer Weichel, Ohio The motion was agreed to. GoodWin McGehee Sadows\d. Kee Philbin Weiss Accordingly the Committee rose; and Gordon McGregor Sasscer Kefauver Plumley Welch the Speaker having resumed the chair, Graham McKenzie Sauthotr Kennedy Pracht Wene IZAC, Grant, Ind. McMurray Scanlon Keogh Randolph Wtggleswotth Mr. Chairman of the C'ommittee Gross Madden Schuetz Kllburn Reece, Tenn. Willey of the Whole House on the state of the Gwynne Magnu:mn Schwabe King Robinson, Utah Wilson Union, reported that that Committee, Hagen Mahon Shafer Kirwan Rolph Wolfenden, Pa. having had under consideration the bill Hale Maloney Short Kleberg ~ Rowe Woodruff, Mich. Halleck Mansfield, Sikes Klein Russell Woodrum, Va. S. 495, to establish a Woman's Army Aux Hancock Mont. Simpson, lll. Lane Babath Worley iliary Corps for service in the Army of Harless, Ariz. Mansfield, Tex. Slaughter Lea Satterfield the United States, had directed him to Harness, Ind. Marcantonio Smith, Va. report the same baek to the House with Harris, Ark. Martin, Iowa Smith, w. va. So the bill was passed. Harris, Va. Martin, Mass. Smith, Wis. The Clerk announced the following sundry amendments, with the recom Hartley Mason Sparkman mendation that the amendments be Hays May Spence pairs: H~bert Merrow Springer On this vote: agreed to and that the bill ·as amended Hendricks Michener Stefan Mr. Courtney for, with Mr. Sheridan do pass. Herter Miller, Conn. Stewart against. · The SPEAKER. Without objection, Hill MUler,Mo. Stockman Hinshaw Mills Sullivan Until further notice: the previous question is ordered. Hoch Monkiewicz sumner,nL General pairs: There was no objection. Hoeven Monroney Sumners, Tex. The SPEAKER. Is a separate vote Holifl.eld Morison, La. Sundstrom Mr. Woodrum of Virginia with Mr. Douglas. Holmes. Mass. Morrison, N. c. Talbot Mr. Cullen with Mr. Compton. · demanded on any amendment? If not, Holmes, Wash. Mott Talle Mr. Tarver with Mr. Kilburn. the Chair will put them "in gross. Hope Murdock Thomas, N.J. Mr. Keogh with Mr. Culkin. The amendments were agreed to. Horan Murray, Tenn. Thomas, Tex. Mr. Vinson of Georgia with Mr. WoodrW% Howell Murray, Wis. Thomason of Michigan. The SPEAKER. The question is on Hull Myers Tibbett the engrossment and third reading of Izac Newsome Tolan Mr. Fay with Mr. Jonkman. the bill. Jarman Norton Towe Mr. Randolph with Mr. Treadway. Jennings O'Brien lll. Troutman Mr. Pfeifer with Mr. Jenkins. The bill was ordered to be engrossed Jensen O'Brien, N. Y. VanZandt Mr. Sheppard with Mr. Taber. and read a third time, and was read the Johnson, Ind. O'Connor Voorhis, Calif. Mr. Heffernan with Mr. Hoffman. third time. Johnson, O'Hara Vorys, Ohio Mr. Cochran with Mrs. Smith of Maine. is J.·Leroy O'Konsk1 Wadsworth Mr. Burchill of New York with Mr. Hess. The SPEAKER. The question <>n Johnson, O'Neal Walter the passage of the· bill. Luther A. Outland Ward Mr. Clark with Mr. Schiffler. The question was taken; and on a di Johnson, Patman Wasielewski · Mr. Lynch with Mr. Dondero. vision (demanded by Mr. VINCENT of Lyndon B. Patton Wheat Mr. Kleberg with Mr. Edwin Arthut Hall. Johnson, Okla. Peterson, Fla. White Mr. Buckley with Mr. Reece of Tennessee. Kentucky), there were-ayes 75, noes 13. Johnson, Ward PhUlips Whittington Mr. Kee with Mr. Miller of Nebraska. ·Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. Jones Pittenger Wickersham Mr. Barry with Mr. Eaton. Speaker, I object to the vote on the J.udd. Ploeser Winter Kean Poage Wolcott Mr. Costello with Mr. Dirksen. . ground a quorum is not present. Kearney Poulson Wolverton, N.J. Mr. Klein with Mr. Ellsworth. The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum Keefe Powers Wright Mr. Capozzoli with Mr. Baldwin o! New York. 1s not present. NAYB-39 The Doorkeeper will close the doors, Mr. Dies with Mr. Clason. Abernethy Bare Peterson, Ga. Mr. Kennedy with Mr. Wilson. the Sergeant at Arms will notify the ab Arnold Hart Rankin Mr. Lane with Mr. Scott. sent Members, and the Clerk will call Ben Heidinger Richards Bishop Hobbs Somers, N. Y. Mr. Merritt with Mr. Rolph. the roll. Boren Johnson Starnes, Ala. Mr. Weiss with Mr. Willey. The question was taken; and there Burdick AntonJ. Tarver Mr. O'Toole with Mr. Pracht. were-yeas 260, nays 39, answered Camp Johnson, Vincent, Ky. Mr. Worley with Mr. Elmer. ''present" 1, not voting 132, as follows: Chapman Calvin D. Vursell Mr. Kefauver with Mr. Ditter. Chenoweth Kerr West Mr. Byrne with Mr. Plumley. [Roll No. 85} Folger Lambertson Whelchel, Ga. Fulmer Lanham Whitten Mr. King with Mr. Gamble. YEAS-260 Gore McMman Winstead Mr. McGranery with Mr. Fish. Allen, lll. Bonner Cooley Gossett Manasco Zimmerman Mr. Burch of Virginia with Mr. Simpson o! Allen, La. Bradley, Mich. Cooper Gregory Pace Pennsylvania. Andersen, Bradley, Pa. Cravens ANSWERED "PRESENT"-! Mr. Crosser with Mr. Guyer. H. carl Brehm CraWford Mr. Furlong with Mr. McLean. • Anderson, Call!. Brooks Creal Butler Mr. Boykin with Mr. Wolfenden of Penn- Anderson, Brown, Ga. Cunntngham N. Mex. Brown, Ohio Curley NOT VOTING-132 sylvania. Andresen, Bryson Curtis BaldWin, Md. Clark Douglas Mr. Green with Mr. Jeffrey. August B. Buffett D'Alesandro BaldWin, N.Y. Clason Drewry Mr. Russell with Mr. Welchel of Ohio. Andrews Bulwinkle Davis Barden Cochran Dworshak Mr. Steagall with Mr. Stevenson. Angell Busbey Dawson Barry Compton Eaton Mr. Weaver with Mr. Wigglesworth. Arends Canfield Day Bates, Mass. Costello Elliott Mr. Kirwan with Mr. Taylor. Auchincloss cannon, Mo. Delaney Bender Courtney Ellsworth Barrett Carlson, Kans. Dewey Boykln Cox Elmer Mr. Cox with Mr. Welch. Bates, Ky. Carter Dtlweg Buckley Crosser Fay Mr. Lea with Mr. Maas. Beall Case · Dingell Burch, va. Culkin Feighan Mr. Jackson with Mr. Rowe. Beckworth Chiperfield Domengeaux Burchlll, N.Y. Cullen Fernandez Mr. Drewry with Mr. Smith of Ohio. Bennett, Mich. Church Doughton Burgin Dickstein FiSh Bennett, Mo. Clevenger Durham Byrne Dies Furlong The result of the vote was announced Blackney Co1Iee Eberharter Cannon, Fla. Dirksen Gallagher as above recorded. Bland Cole, Mo. Ellis Capozzoli Disney Gamble Bloom Cole, N. Y. Ellison, Md. Carson, Ohio Ditter Gerlach The title was ameiJded so as to read: Bolton Colmer Elston, Ohio Celler Dondero Gibson "An act to establish a Women's Army

I 5002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27 Corps for service in the Army of the I have just been informed by the ferrous mining work in sections where labor United States." gentleman from Ohio, Dr. SMITH, that shortages exist. Touching on this point, the interpretation A motion to reconsider was laid on the for some reason, since my departure, no by Executive Vice Chairman Wilson contains table. similar documents havE! since been this significant reference: "The miners re The doors were opened. handed to him and that he has been quired in producing these metals will be ORDER OF BUSINESS unable to obtain any such documents. _,...made available from some source." Therefore, because of the secrecy which This new development has arisen rapidly Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I seems to have been assumed at this con from a situation created a month ago, ·when, ask unanimous consent to address the ference, the gentleman from Ohio, Dr. at the request of President Roosevelt, Donald House for 10 seconds. SMITH, and myself are today introducing M. Nelson, Chairman, War Production Board, The SPEAKER. Is there objection to a concurrent resolution which I will put addressed a letter to the Chief Executive_, set the request of the gentleman from Mas in the hopper at this time. ting forth certain policies to guide all the sachusetts? war agencies concerned in the production of There was no objection. THE OPENING OF INDEPENDENT COPPER strategic metals and materials. MINES At this time Mr. Nelson said: "As I size up Mr. McCORMACK. I wish to an the risks involved in seeking all we can get -nounce there will be no legislative busi Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. versus something short of that, the risks are ness at the session to be held tomorrow. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad much less serious under a policy of seeking PRINTING OF ADDRESS OF PRIME MIN- dress the House for 1 minute, and to all we can get." , revise and extend my remarks and in Mr. Nelson also said: "I believe our policy ISTER CHURCHILL BEFORE JOINT should be to assign a very high preference SESSION OF CONGRESS clude a recent release of the Senate so far as manpower goes, to the relative-ly Mr. BUL WINKLE. Mr. Speaker, I Special Committee on Small Business. small needs of domestic mining. We should submit a concurrent resolution, and ask The SPEAKER. Is there objection? make even more aggressive efforts to provide unanimous consent for its immediate There was no objection. labor, by recruiting and training and perhaps consideration. Mr. VOORIDS of California. Mr. military furloughs. • • • We must find Speaker, one of the commodities of ways to provide adequate working forces not The Clerk read the resolution

/ ).943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5003 War Production Board so far, many mining and unexpended balances, no one can In both the speech and in the article projects which are needed to increase the doubt but that the debt will reach or production of strategic and critical minerals I pointed out the danger of the policy and for which approval has been wtthheld, exceed $300,000,000,000. which was then being followed by the can now be approved. The Mining and Min Mr. Speaker, as a member of the War present administration. In the article erals Industry Subcommittee is gratified that Department subcommittee of the Ap p~bliShed on May 17, 1939, I used the Mr. Wilson recognizes the necessity for a propriations Committee of the House of following language; I quote: forceful, simple- statement of War Production· Representatives, I am charged with the This policy will lead us further and further Board's aims and that he has the courage to responsibility of assisting in the draft on the road to spending and borrowing, and stand behind the mining industry in its all ing, holding hearings on, and steering Will inevitably be followed by unlimited in out war effort." through the House, War Department ap flation. propriation bills aggregating billi_ons of Mr. Speaker, those who have not fol I then pointed out what the inevitable lowed carefully the trend of events in dollars. I have tried to discharge that duty to the best of my ability. I have result of inflation would be. I think my connection with metals production, will record in trying to economize and obtain probably not realize the very great signi tried to do what little I could to see that the taxpayer gets value received for the more for the taxpayers' dollar is well ficance of the passages in Mr. Wilson's known letter to Senator MuRRAY wherein he money we appropriate. in this House. Ever since I have states that from now on alleged labor In 1941 I made a study of cantonment been in Congress, and this is my fifth shortages will not be allowed to be used construction. I brought before this te:zn, I have tried to awaken public con as excuses or grounds for objection by House a series of reports. The story can S~Io~sness, and have tried to make the forces seeking to prevent full, all-out pro be told in one paragraph. public understand just where we are going duction of these necessary commodities. According to the congressional com and how we are going there. For this charge of "labor shortage," along mittee known as the Graham committee, The spending and talking of spending with other grounds, has heretofore been it cost $206,000,000 to build the canton of billions and hundreds of billions of repeatedly used in the manner I have just ments where 4,000,000 men were housed dollars has so confused the public mind described. and trained in the World War No.1. It that talking of- billions alone will not cost $800,000,000 to build the canton bring about a consciousness of what is It is earnestly to be hoped that the happening. constructive action which I . have here ments where the first 1,200,000 men were brought to the attention of the House housed and trained in this war. Every home owner and property own may be followed by similar action to the Our national debt at the conclusion of er knows what assessed valuation is be end that some of the shortages in steel, World Wa1· No. 1 was approximately $27,- cause the taxes he has paid are com copper, and other metals may be elimi 000,000,000. This included some $11,- puted upon the assessed valuation nated. 000,000,000 loaned to foreign countries. placed upon the property which l-J.e owns. We are talking glibly about a national ' Mr. THOMASON. Mr. Speaker, will I hS:d hoped, and still hope, that by the gentleman yield? · debt which we are tole will reach, or makmg a comparison between the as may exceed, $300,000,000,000. The war sessed valuation of the property in Mr. VOORHIS of California. I yield. is costing us many times what it is cost America with the national debt on a Mr. THO¥ASON. I want to congrat ing England or Russia and when the war per capita basis, I can bring hom~ to the ulate the gentleman on the fine work he is over we will be burdened with the people the enorniity of the debt we are has been doing about the copper pro greatest national debt in the history of incurring and the results of such a debt. gram. the world. The tragic part is that the Recently I wrote to each State q,nd the Mr. VOORHIS of California. I thank people themselves cannot understand District of Columbia and obtained their the gentleman very much. I know he is just what a $300,000,000,000 national latest figures on assessed valuation. By profoundly and patriotically interested debt will mean. The figures are so co assessed valuation I mean the value of in this whole question. lossal _that they are utterly beyond the every piec~ of property real and personal, EXTENSION OF REMARKS comprehension of the individual citizen. tangible and intangible, that each State Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I ask If the average individual knew just is placing upon its assessment rolls or is what that debt meant his demand for assessing for taxes. unanimous consent that the gentleman economy both in and outside the war from New York [Mr. KEARNEY] be per WHAT WILL YOUR SHARE OF A $300,000,000,000 effort, his insistence upon obtaining value NATIONAL DEBT BE? mitted to extend his own remarks in the received for his tax dollar would be RECORD. irresistible upon the executive and the I have· again compiled three tables The SPEAKER. Is there objection? which I am placing in the RECORD at There was no objection. legislative branches of the Government. It is with a hope that I can make the conclusion of my remarks. Table 1, (Mr. DoMENGEAUX asked and was given column 1, gives·the name of each State permission to· extend his remarks in the the average ·taxpayer and citizen realize just what a $300,000,000,000 national debt and the District of Columbia. Column 2, RECORD.) w111 mean that I am speaking to this the population of each State under the The SPEAKER. Under a previous or House todaY.. If I can contribute just 1940 Census. Column 3, the assessed val der of the House, the gentleman from a little toward arousing public opinion uation of each State according to the Michigan [Mr. ENGEL] is recognized for on this question I shall feel that my efforts latest available figures, which are, with 40 minutes. have been worth while. the exception of one or two, 1941 or 1942 THE NATIONAL DEBT assessments. Column-4 shows what each On February 3, 1938, I delivered a State's share on a per capita basis will Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I ask uni:m speech on the floor of this House on the be of a $300,000,000,000 national debt. imous consent to revise and extP.nd my public and private debt of America. In Column 5 shows the percentage that that remarks and include therein certain connection with this speech I inserted share of the national debt will be of each statements compiled by me. · tables giving the following information State's assessed valuation. on each of the 48 States in the Union. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? I am also enclosing a second table There was no objection. Table 1, column 1, contained the name of eaclr State; column 2, the population; Whiyh gives the same information on Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I want to each county of my home State of Mich take the time allotted to me this after column 3, the assessed valuation; column igan· and the third table, which gives noon to discuss the question of what 4, the share of the national debt on a per capita basis; and column 5, the per the same information on emch of the 11 a $300,000,000,000 debt will mean to this counties which. comprise the Ninth Con country. The President in his message centage that the State's share of the na tional debt was of its assessed valuation. gressional District, which I have the to this Congress submitting his Budget honor to represent. told us that he had a $170,000,000,000 I also gave other information in these unexpended balance. In the same tables. At the same time I inserted a PUBLIC CONSCIOUSNESS MUST BE AROUSED D' Budget message he asked us for $109,- table giving the same information for the WASTE IS TO BE EL"IMINATED 000,000,000 more, making a total of $279, State of Michigan by counties. After visiting 47 defense plants and ooo.ooo,ooo unspent. On May 24 of this Again, on May 17, 1939, I inserted into traveling approximately 4,500 miles over year the national debt had exceeded the RECORD an article written by me for a period of nearly 2 months and after $139,000,000,000. In view of these facts the Hearst papers, and which appeared examining and studying cost sheets, I and in the face of these appropriations in the Chicago Herald and Examiner. have come to the conclusion: 5004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE ~ MAY 27 First. Our ability as a nation to meet sessed valuation of every piece of prop while Pennsylvania's share of a $300,000,- our financial obligations of the future erty in the entire nation that we begin 000,000 national debt will be $22,552,610,- will depend upon the policy we now fol to realize just where we are going in our 040, or more than twice the assessed val low in our expenditures. national debt and what the ultimate re uation of all the property placed on the Second. That it is absolutely essential sult may be. assessment rolls within that State. that public consciousness of this debt ALABAMA'S SHARE OF A $300,000,000,000 NA May I ask again, would the people of should be awakened in order that we TIONAL DEBT ON A PER CAPITA BASIS WILL BE New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania be might eliminate some of the excess costs 606 PERCENT OF ITS ASSESSED VALUATION as deaf to demands of public economy -due to various causes in our production I would like to comment upon ·some of and excess public expenditures if they program. the States and their share of this liabil had to vote upon themselves a bond issue Third. That only by eliminating·such ity. The first of the alphabetical list of for these tremendous amounts of money, excess costs can we hope to a void the States is Alabama. Alabama has, ac or would the people of New York, Ohio, ruinous results -of inflation, the danger cording to 1940 census figures, a popula Pennsylvania, and other States insist of which I pointed out as far back as tion of 2,832,961. The assessed valuation upon more careful expenditure of both 1938. . of that State, according to the latest the war and nonwar dollar? I am hoping, vainly I am afraid, but figures obtainable is $1,063,905,950. Ala WHAT THE INDIVIDUAL COUNTIES' SHARE OF A hoping nevertheless, that we will never bama's share of a $300,000,000,000 na $300,000,000,000 NATIONAL DEBT ON A PER reach the $300,000,000,000 national debt tional debt on a per capita basis will be CAPITA BASIS WILL BE FOR THE STATE OF limit. The authorized national debt $6,453,485,158, or 606 percent of its as MICHIGAN limit now is $210,000,000,000. sessed valuation. Let us take some of the counties in my People have a right to rely upon you ILLINOIS' SHARE· OF A $300,000,000,000 NA own State of Michigan. The first on the and upon me and upon every other pub TIONAL DEBT ON A PER CAPITA BASIS WILL BE alphabetical list is Alcona County which lic official to obtain as nearly a dollar's 342 PERCENT OF ITS ASSESSED VALUATION has a population, according to 1940 5,463. worth of value as possible for every dol The populatiC:m of the Stat~ of Illinois, Census figures, of only The as- lar we spend. They have a right to de according to 1940 census figures, is . sessed valuation of this little county is pend upon us and to expect us to do 7,897,241. Its assessed valuation, accord $4.163,840, while its share of a $300,000,- everything we can to eliminate such ex ing to the latest figures obtainable is 000,000 national debt will be $12,444,714, cess costs, whether these expenditures $5,246,400,000. Dlinois' share of a $300,- or nearly three times its assessed valu are made for war purposes or no!).war 000,000,000 national debt on a per capita ation. purposes. basis will be $17,989,914,998, or 342 per Lake County, the smallest county in A $300,000,000,000 NATIONAL DEBT IS TWICE THE cent of its assessed valuation. This my district, has a population of 4,798. ASSESSED VALUATION OF EVERY PIECE OF PROP- amount is $1,000,000,000 greater than the Its assessed valuation is $2,406,787, while ERTY IN AMERICA lowest point of the entire World War No. its share of a $300,000,000,000 national The population of the 48 States and 1 national debt which was reached under debt on a per capita basis will be $10,929,- the District of Columbia, under the 1940 the Hoover administration. 844, or 454 percent of its assessed valua- Census, is 131,669,275. The assessed If the people of the State of Illinois tion. · valuation of the 48 States and the Dis were compelled to vote upon themselves Muskegon County, 'the largest county trict of Columbia, according to the latest a bond issue of nearly $18,000,000,000, a in my district, which has numerous war figures available, is $150,002,511,228. A debt nearly 3% times the assesed valua industries. has, according to 1940 Census $300.000,000,000 national debt is exactly tion of every piece of property on the as figures, a population of 94,501. Its as twice the assessed valuation of every sessment rolls of that State, would the sessed valuation, according to latest fig piece of property in America. Of course, people of that State be apathetic toward ures obtainable, is $92,880,579, while its one can argue that assessed valuations waste pf Government funds and toward share of a $300,000,000,000 national debt differ, and they do differ. Some States excess costs in the future as they are will be over $215,000,000, or 231 percent may assess on a 40 percent basis and and have been in the past? of its assessed valuation. other States may assess on what they call MICHIGAN'S SHARE OF A $300,000,000,000 NA THE SHARE OF THE NINTH CONGRESSIONAL a 100 percent cash value basis. TIONAL DEBT ON A PER CAPITA BASIS WILL BE DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN OF A $300,000,000,000 A few years ago ~ study was made of 180 PERCENT OF ITS ASSESSED VALUATION ~ NATIONAL DEBT WILL BE 285 PERCENT OF THB the District of Columbia, which is sup The population of the State of Michi- ASSESSED VALUAriON OF THE ENTIRE DISTRICT posed to be on a cash value basis. The gan, according to 1940 census figures, is The population of the Ninth Congres- study was made in connection with the 5,256,106. Its assessed valuation, accord sional Distrk , according to 1940 census tax problem and the share that the Na ing to the -latest figures obtainable, is figures, is 230,861. The assessed valua tional Government should bear of the $6,623,578,978. Michigan's share -of a tion of the 11 counties representing my District's expenditures. If I remember $300,000,000,000. national debt will be district is $189,569,169, while my district's correctly, the assessed---valuation of .the $11,973,409,468·, or 180 percent of its as share of a $300,000,0CO,OOO national debt District of Columbia represented about sessed valuation .. will be $539,569,~8, or 285 percent of the 70 percent of the actual value of the If the people of the State of Michigan assessed valuation .Jf the entire district. property within the District which was were compelled to vote upon themselves Would the people of thest: individual assessed. a bond issue of nearly $12,000,000,000, counties be apathetic toward pleas for THE ASSESSED VALUATION IS FIXED BY AN OFFICIAL which represents nearly twice its as economy if trey were compelled to vote OF THE STATE CHARGED BY LAW WITH FIXING sessed valuation, would the people of upon themselves a bonn issue which THAT VALUATION Michigan be as apathetic, as callous to would, in some instances, be from· four Property value is a relative term. ward the waste and excess cost in the to five times the assessed valuation of Property value is determined, of course, future as they have been in the past? ar the property in their several counties? by both the physical value al!d the in Would not the people of the State of I am bringing this matter before the come the property is producing. Apart :r.nchigan insist that something be done House in the hope that publication of ment houses which cost millions of dol instead of merely talking, as they are, these staggering figures will make the lars were torn down in the city of De about such excess cost and waste? people back home less insistent upon the troit during the depression to make room NEW YORK, OHIO, AND PENNSYLVANIA'S SHARE expenditure of public moneys within for parking lots because the owners could OF A $300,000,000,000 NATIONAL DEBT ON their districts and more insistent in their not pay the taxes on these apartment A PER CAPITA BASIS WILL EXCEED THEIR demands for the elimination of waste houses as their rentals had dwindled to ASSESSED VALUATIONS - and extravagance and excess cost, both almost nothing. Assessed valuation is · New York's share of a $300,000,000,000 in war and nonwar expenditures. the only valuation which is fixed by an national debt will be $30,705,485,476, or REPORTS OJo' WAR COSTS WILL FOLLOW WITHIN THE official who is charged by law with the 108 percent of its assessed valuation. NEXT FEW WEEKS duty of placing an actual value upon New York's share will exceed the all-time I shall bring before this House within each specific piece of property. It is the high of the entire national debt up to the next few weeks results of studies I one type of valuation that we can under 1933. have ma

t Latest figures available from States either 1941 or 1942 figures. Per capita, $2,278. J These figures repr~ent the percentage that a $300,000,000,000 debt would be of each State's assessed valuation. ExHmiT 2 What a $300,000,000,000 debt will cost each of the 83 counties of Michigan on a per capita basis, not including interest Each county's Each county's Assessed val- share of a Percent o1 Assessed val- share of a Percent of County Population $3oo,ooo,ooo, .. oo assessed County Population, uation of each $300,000,000,000 1940 census, uation of each national debt 1940 census national .debt assessed county 1 valuation 2 county 1 valuation I on a ra~i~pita on a ~~i~pita

.A leona ___ ------5,463 $4,163,840 $12,444, 714 298 Lapeer_------Leelanau ______32,116 $24, 701, 190 $73, 160, 248 295 Alger . ------~ 10, 167 6, 467,818 23,160,426 358 Lenawee ______8,436 5,876, 515 19,217,208 826 .AlpenaAllegan ______------41,839 38,983,772 95,309, 242 244 Livingston ______53,110 59,252,997 120, 984, 580 204 Antrim ______20,766 17,225, 530 47,304,948 274 20,863 24,390,070 47,525,914 194 10,964 5,822, 247 2.4, 975,992 428 7,423 4, 981,075 16,909,594 839 Arenac ______~ Luce_ ------·----- 9,233 5, 729,866 21,032,774 367 MacombMackinac.------______9,438 6,053,003 21,499,764 355 9,356 6, 507.790 21,312, 968 327 107,638 94,463,083 245, 199, 364 259 22,613 20, 186, 780 51,512,414 255 Manistee.----·------18,450 12,730,981 42,029,100 330 !:W!~::::::::::::::::::::: 74,981 73, 428, 191 .170, 806, 718 232 Marquette.------~ 47,144 51,567,820 107, 394, 032 209 Benzie ______------7,800 5, 848,456. 17,768,400 303 MecostaMason_------______19,378 15,322,454 44,143,084 288 BranchBerrien ______------89, 117 79,138,240 203, 008, 626 256 16,902 11,984,282 38.502,756 321 25, 845 22,754, 413 58, 874, 910 258 Menominee.------24,883 18, 165,970 56,683,474 311 Calhoun _____ ·------•----- 94,206 103, 592, 595 214, 601, 268 207 Midland_------27,094 80,933,179 61,720,132 199 Cass_ 21,910 19,109. 115 49,910,980 261 Missaukee. _------8,034 3, 405,413 18,301,452 537 CharlevoiX::::::::::::::::: 13,031 8, 526,025 29,684,618 348 Monroe __ ------58,620 64,650,-881 133, 536, 360 206 Cheboygan ______13, 644 6, 806,560 31, 081,032 456 Montcalm ______~-- 28,581 25,356,046 65,107,518 256 27,807 22,611,915 63, 34.4, 346 280 Muskegon_Montmorency------______3,840 2, 364,425 8, 747,520 370 g~~f:e~~::::::::::::::::::Clinton ______! ______9,163 6, 498,877 20,873, 314 321 Newaygo ______94,501 92,880,579 215, 273, 278 231 26, 671 23, 985, 967 60,756,538 253 Oakland. ______19,286 14,479, 204 43,933,508 303 Crawford ------3. 765 2, 706, 220 8, 576, 670 316 Oceana ______254,068 252, 725, 909 578, 766, 904 228 34,037 15,880. 333 77, 536,286 488 14,812 10,158,836 33,741,736 332 DPitaDickin . s•on _------______8, 720 6,820, 9P3 19,864,160 28, 731 15,329, 220 65, 44!1, 218 428 OgemawOntonagon _-~------~---- ______341 Eaton ___ ------~- ___ ------34,124 29, 036, 322 77, 734,472 267 Osceola. ______11,359 6, 992,794 25,875,802 370 15, 791 12,401, 540 35,971, 898 290 13,309 8,624, 203 30,317,902 351 EmmeL_------Oscoda ______~-- Genesee __------.------227,944 257, 749, 700 519, 256, 432 201 2,543 2, 287,035 5, 792,954 253 Gladwin_~------~- 9,385 6, 011, 862 21, 379,030 355 5,827 3,447, 330 13,273,906 386 72,433,666 218 59,660 47,942,363 135, 905, 480 283 GoGrandge bic Traverse ______------______31.797 33, 189, 448 8~i~a:_·_::::::::::::::::::: 23,390 15, 755, 215 53,282,420 337 PresqueRoscommon Isle------~-~------______12,250 9,072, 225 27,905,500 307 Gratiot · ------~------32, 205 31, Of\9, 663 73; 362, 990 2.~6 3,668 3,858, 256 8, 355,704 216 HillsdAle _------29,092 23.985, 525 66,271, 576 276 Sa!!'inaw ------~------130,468 145,350,817 297, 206, 104 204 Hou gh ton_~------47,631 15,974,018 108,502, 418 679 St.St. JosephClair-- ______------76,222 95,317,897 173, 633, 716 182 Buron_. ------32, 584 28,423, 481 74,226,352 260 31,749 29,360,040 72,324,222 246 Ingham ----~------130, 616 158, 813, 114 297, 543, 248 187 SchoolcraftSanilac __ ------______30,114 23,676,185 68,599,692 289 Ionia ______------_~ ___ ------35,710 27,669, 322 81,347,380 293 9, 524 6, 336, 775 21,695,672 358 losco _. ____ ------_------8, 560 8, 893,670 19,499,680 219 Shia wassee_ ----- ~- _------41,207 28,433, 127 93,869,1\.46 330 35,694 25,197, 773 81,310,932 322 Iron ___ ---~------20,243 21,328,020 46, 113, 554 216 TuscolaVan Buren_ __------______Isabella_ .------25,982 20,400,737 59,186,996 290 35, 111 29,870,818 79,982,858 267 Jacks o n . _------~-- 93, 108 104,006, 525 212, 100, 024 203 Wash tenau ___ ------80,810 101, 598, 334 184, 085, 180 181 Kalamazoo_------100,085 127, 210, 783 227, 993, 630 179 Wayne_------2,015, 623 3,605, 731, 475 4. 591, 589, 194 130 Kalkaska_ ------~----- 5,159 2, 209,660 11, 752, 202 531 Wexford ____ ------17,976 10,704,729 40,949,328 382 Kent. ___ ------246,338 266, 204, 295 561, 157, 964 210 4,004 3, 288,630 9, 121, 112 Zl7 TotaL------6, 256,106 6, 623, 578, 978 Kew<'en aw _------10,929,844 454 ------Lake-- _____------~------4, 798 2, 406,787 1 Latest fig ures available from counties, 1942 figures. Per capita, $2,278. 2 'l' hese figures represent the percentage that a $300,000,000,000 debt would be of each county's assessed valuation, 5006 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27

EXHIBIT 3 What a $300,000,000,000 debt will cost each of the 11 counties in the Ninth Congressional District of Michigan on a per..,.capita basis, not including interest ·

Each county's Each county's share of a share of a Percent of Population, Assessed val- $300,000,000,000 Percent of Population, Assessed val- $300,000,000,000 County nation of each national debt assessed County 1940census uation of each national debt assessed 1940 census 1 2 county 1 valuations county on a per capita valuation on a per capita basis basis

Muskegon ______Benzie. __ .------7, 800 $5,848,456 $17._768, 400 303 94,501 $92, 880, 579 $215, 273, 278 231 Orand Traverse.------· 23, 3PO 15, 755, 215 53,282,420 337 NewaygoOceana______.••••••••• ------19, 286 14.479, 204 43,933. 508 303 Lake_------4, 798 2. 406,787 10,929. 844 454 14,812 10, 158,836 33, 741, 736 332 Leelanau ••••••• ------. __ ••• 8, 436 5, 876,515 19, 217, 208 326 Wexford •••• ----•• ----••• --- 17,976 10,704,729 40,949, 328 382 Manistee.••••••• ----_ •• ____ 18,450 12, 730, 981 • 42, 029, 100 --330 TotaL ______Mason ___ ------19, 378 15, 322, 454 44,143,084 288 236,861 189, 569, 169 539, 569. 358 285 11issaukee. _••• ------8, 034 3. 405,413 18, 301, 452 537 I

1 Latest figures available from counties, 1942 figures. Per capita $2,278. 2 These fiF;ures represent the f'ercentage that a $300,000.000,000 debt would be of each county's assessed valuation. Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the took successive jobs. It kept reducing thing else. But I also believe in hold gentleman yield? the price until it got the price for the ing them responsible for any waste that Mr. ENGEL. I yield to the gentleman same shell down to $6.50 per shell, mak occurs, and I think the time to stop the from Texas. ing renegotiation unnecessary in that waste is now. Mr. PATMAN. I appreciate the fact particular instance, undoubtedly. Mr. PATMAN. b agree with the gen that the gentleman has made this sur However, we have other companies tleman that we should stop every bit of vey. I congratulate him on the industry who say, "We cut the cost of this -::hell waste that we can, but when you cut he has shown in connection with it. I to $8.60, and we think we have done a down nonwar expenditures, if we cut wonder if in his investigation he came good job." Perhaps the actual cost was them out entirely, the amount would be in contact with the contract renegotia $6.50, which still allows them an excess insignificant in comparison with the tion law. Does the gentleman have any profit. I believe.in giving them adequate amount spent for war. views as to whether or not that law profits, but I also believe that no com Mr. ENGEL. That is why I included should be repealed? ~ pany or no individual has a right to make war expenditures in my remarks. Mr. ENGEL. I expect to discuss that excessive profits out of this war. Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, will the matter when I come before the House I am not only not against renegotia gentleman yield? later but I may say to the gentleman tion, but I expect to oppose any attempt Mr. ENGEL. Yes. from Texas that I am opposed to the re to repeal the renegotiation law. Mr. ·CURTIS. I think the gentleman peal of the renegotiation law. Mr. PATMAN. I noticed the gentle from Michigan is one of the greatest fis Mr. PATMAN. In other words, the man's remarks particularly about the cal experts we have and I believe that gentleman realizes that unless we keep evaluation of all property in the United every thoughtful citizen is indebted to that law as it is there will be at least two States. -Of course, the gentleman does him for the splendid work that he has or three billion dollars in the hands of a . not insist that the assessed value rep done along the line of fiscal policies and few people that should not be there, be resents the true value. I believe he men the investigations and reports that he. cause we did not have the experience tioned that. The latest and the only has made. Here is a matter that has upon which to let the contract at the estimate I have been able to get is that been bothering me for some time. We time quickly .. the values of tangible property, real are appropriating these vast sums of Mr. ENGEL. I think the gentleman's estate, buildings, durable goods, and money and we want to appropriate them figures of two or three billion dollars are things like that, will amount to about because we want the Army and the Navy. conservative; my candid opinion is that $300,000,000,000~ Even at th~t the pic and everyone else to have all the money we shall get back around five or six bil ture is not encouraging. I a:m not try that they need. Naturally not all of this lion dollars. I do not agree with the ing to justify any waste or any large money will be spent by the time this war gentleman that they are in the hands of expenditure, because I am with the gen ends. There cannot be any other end -:;o a few people. I think the records show tleman in the thought that we should the matter than that, because we cannot that we are taking away excess profits reduce expenditures just as much as pos handle the affair in any other way, for from a great many contractors. sible. we -must have a supply of things and not Mr. PATMAN. I am glad the gentle Mr. ENGEL. I made the statement let it run down. What is being done by man corrected that, because I did not in my remarks that the assessed valua the Appropriations Committee, if any know. tion ranged from 40 percent to what thing, toward the recapture of appropri Mr. ENGEL. I was one of the men some people call 100 percent of actual ated moneys, so that they will not be in who helped write that clause into the value, and I commented upon the Dis the hands of anyone who may divert bill. The gentleman from .South Dakota trict of Columbia study which showed them to any other purpose or who may [Mr. CASE] offered the amendment on that they had a 70 percent valuation spend them for nonwar projects? the floor of the House after it had been on the property values here where they Mr. ENGEL. If the gentleman will ex stricken from the bill which was drafted were supposed to assess at 100 percent amine the appropriation bills, billions 0f in my committee. value. But what I am trying to do is dollars have been reappropriated. The I do not want to comment now upon use some method which will make the appropriations lapse at the end of the · the. trip I made through the plants. I average citizen understand just what is fiscal year and revert to-the Treasury un spent 2 weeks in General Motors, Ford, happening and realize what $300,000,- less they are reappropriated. and Chrysler, and I have some very com 000,000 means. By a comparison with I think the gentleman will find in every plete information which I shall bring to the assessed valuation, he has a yard contract let by the War Department, and the House. stick which he can use to measure this I think the Navy Department has the This is what has been happening. A debt. ' same provision, a clause which enables certain company, without giving names, Mr. PATMAN. At the same time,.the the War and Navy Departments under had a contract to manufacture 3-inch gentleman realizes that we are spend certain conditions to cancel the contract armor-piercing shells. T]le first con ing only about 3 or 4 cents out of every in case an armistice is signed or in case tract was for $16.80 per shell. Against dollar that is spent for any purpose ex peace comes. The gentleman will find that first contract were charged the tools cept for the war? that the Government is protected. and dies and jigs, the change-over in the Mr. ENGEL. I agree with the gen While we are getting some of this money factory, and educating and training the tleman. I believe in giving the War De back, and some of it will not be expended, labor for-that particular job. That was r.artment and the Navy Department yet there is going to be a great deal of the first contract, and that company what they ask for. You cannot do any- money required to readjust conditions. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5007 For instance, when a contract is such Mr. PATMAN: The gentleman has THE SHIPSHAW ALUMINUM PROJECT that a factory has to be made over, so to inspected many of these plants. I won Mr. HORAN. Mr. Speaker, first, I speak, to make .it possible to perform cer der if he is satisfied with the progress want to pay my compliments also to the tain war work, naturally, you cannot that is being made toward winning this gentleman from Michigan [Mr. ENGEL). chop the contract off and let the.factory war. That is, is the gentleman satis-. I think he not only represents the people owner restore his factory to where it was fied that everything is being done that of his district but also one of the almost before the war without compensation. can be done by the Army and the Navy forgotten virtues of Americanism, that You have to allow something to get it and the different armed services? of thrift, of getting the job done with the back to where it was, to give him a chance Mr. ENGEL. Well, again, I do not least waste of time and money. to get back to production. The commit want to anticipate remarks that I am Mr. Speaker, I have asked for this tee has questioned the War Department going to make,in the future. In order time in order to bring to the attention officials very carefully along the line of to dispel any doubt I want to say this, of the House and put into the RECORD having such clauses in these contracts. and I want to be fair, I do not think we a matter about which I have had a Mr. CURTIS. I am not speaking so are doing everything we can do. I do voluminous corres"pondence from the much of actual contract obligations. I not think we ever reach our objective. people of the Pacific Northwest, and par think we all agree that too much of an But I believe we are doing a splendid job ticularly from the people of my district. abrupt stoppage of war contracts not of production. They want to know why a grant of only is injurious to business but prevents Mr. PATMAN. In the training of the $68,50Q,OOO of the taxpayers' money was us from going to peacetime matters. It men, does not the gentleman marvel at made by the administration, without in may have a bad international effect if the fine coordination and the harmony terest, to the Aluminum Co. of Canada we do not retain a strong army until the that exists in getting these men together, in order that they might develop a prop matter is completely settled; but in the training them, getting supplies to them, erty belonging to the Aluminum Trust beginning of the gentleman's remarks I hundreds of thousands of different in Canada. They ask for an investi- understooC:. him to say that the Presi articles? gation. · dent had on hand a large sum of money Mr. ENGEL. May I say I have not vis It is my conviction that matters such which was not spent. · ited the training" camps. I have con as these demanci a complete and factual Mr. ENGEL. The President had at fined my activities to going through the answer. The retention of confidence in the beginning of this year an unexpended actual plants. While I think they are Government demands that rumors-if balance of $170,000,000,000, and he asked doing a good job in training, I believe they are rumors-be stilled and the faith for $109,000,000,000 more to carry him there is room for improvement in our of the people in their administration be through June 30, 1944. training program. restored with a candid recitation of Mr. PATMAN. Does not the gentle sound policy as substantiated by a his Mr. CURTIS. Suppose at the time the man believe that even though there war does end that there would be $100,- tory of the facts. If there has been a should be some waste, as much as we central purpose in the present Congress, 000,000,000 in the same category as this is hate waste, that the ma].n object win it has been to attempt to restore a ~ort $170,000,000,000. What would be the ning the war, and we have to risk a status of that; what would happen? of morality in our domestic dealings little? within the borders of the United States. Mr. ENGEL. In the first place, we are Mr. ENGEL. I agree with the gentle just beginning to get the ArmY up to In the matter of farm credit, this Con man absolutely, but there comes a time gress has taken action to oppose the where it is approaching what we hope when waste of public funds actually re will be the limit, which means that your making of nonrecourse loans. Yet here, tards the war effort. apparently, is a huge, ·nonrecourse loan Army pay item is going to be perhaps Mr. PATMAN. Of course, we do not three or four times as large as it was last to the Aluminum Trust for the purpose want to do that. of developing not a productiveness of year. Again, when peace comes, it will Mr. ENGEL. On the other hand, there take a certain length of time before the our own country but that of a foreign comes a time when it does not help the nation, friendly though it be. Army can be discharged and get it back war effort. War is waste, ~s I said be into civilian life. Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the fore. You cannot help but have some gentleman yield? There are certain appropriations waste.· . which will lapse. When we appropriate Mr. HORAN. I yield. Mr. PATMAN. And haste makes · Mr. PATMAN. Has the gentleman an amount for Army pay, that sum .can waste, too. be expended only for Army pay. If asked Mr. Jesse Jones about that? Mr. ENGEL. Haste makes waste, but Mr. HORAN. I have asked him about there is no Army to pay it cannot be paid without anticipating what I am going to out, and it lapses back to the Treasury. it; yes. say, when I get through with my remarks Mr. PATMAN. Has the gentleman re There is so much for . subsistence, but which are to come, there will not be any ceived an answer from him? there are certain other lump sums that doubt whatever and there will not be any we have given to the President, to go out Mr. HORAN. Yes; and my speech will difference in the gentleman's opinion and show that his answer is very lame. and purchase any equipment he wants mine as to what is happening in this war to, and certain other funds that he must Mr. PATMAN. Does the gentleman program. I do not mean to imply any expect to put his answer in the RF:coRD? have in order to carry on the war, for ·criticism of the War Department, Gen which he does not have to account to Mr. HORAN. His answer is already eral Marshall, or the General Staff, but in the RECORD. It is in the hearings of Congress. Some of those funds may I am talking about conditions which carry on through after peace is declared. the Subcommittee on Interior Appropria exist, and which I do not want to antici tions. I might say to the gentleman Mr. CURTIS. How about lease-lend pate now. I can take the gentleman to from Texas that I am not here to indict funds? It seems to me that they can my office and convince him that some anybody; I am here to present the side expend lease-lend funds for almost any things are happening that should not of the case as the people themselves are thing the human mind can imagine so happen. I think that some costs are seeing it. I am supporting a resolution long as it does not go to a citizen of the highly excessive. United States. call1ng for an investigation. Mr. PATMAN. Of course, anything Mr. PATMAN. If there is anything Mr. ENGEL. They can expend lease that is against the public interest I think wrong, I hope it is gone into. That, of lend money as long as the Lease-Lend the gentleman is rendering a great serv course, was one of the charges I brought Act is in force. ice by disclosing it. against Mr. Mellon when I impeached Mr. CURTIS. In other words, he can Mr. ENGEL. I agree with the gentle him and caused him oo be driven from go on and -spend lease-lend funds for man. the Treasury, and, naturally, I would not the benefit of foreign nations after this The SPEAKER pro tempore. The have any love for the Aluminum Co. of war ends. . time of the gentleman from Michigan America in a case like that, but I do think Mr. ENGEL. I think he can. · has expired. that Jesse Jones is one of the most hon Mr. PA'fMAN. Will the gentleman Under previous order of the House, the orable and one of the most able men we ;rield further? gentleman from Washington [Mr.HoRANl have in our Government, and I just do Mr. ENGEL. I yield. is recognized for 30 minutes. not think that he would do anything 5008 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27 wrong about it. I hope the gentleman So much for the power projects production; that it was necessary to get looks into it thoroughly. brought to the attention of this Nation production. Would not he seek it from Mr. HORAN. I hope the Congress will because of the Shipshaw affair. It is any source he could llbtain it, and if nee- , pay attention to what the gentleman sufficient to say that they would be of no essary, make certain commitments to get from Texas has just said, and respect concern to us had it not been for our aluminum from any place when it is so this resolution and pass it, so we can get war-born demand for aluminum and the necessary for this war? I know he would all the facts. short-sightedness of some of the men in do it. That is what Mr. Jones was doing. I have be~ inclined to agree and go high places in our Government who as He was doing what he considered to be along in this denunciation of what is late as 1940 insisted that we faced no the necessary thing, I am sure. termed nonrecourse loans Certainly, shortage in aluminum. Mr. HORAN. I hope the gentleman any honorable man who borrows money Just why these men, who should have from Texas tomorrow will read my wishes to pay it back dollar for dollar known, should have failed to develop speech in its entirety, for in it I show with reasonable interest. He wants to every possible source of American pro that we in the West were demanding do that by being protected in his mar duction we probably will never know, but that it be done not in 1940 but before kets. He wants to receive a reasonable the fact remains that in the fall of 1941 that. reward over I and abov~ the cost of labor, the Reconstruction Finance Corpora Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, will the material, and t..lanagement. He wants tion's Metals Reserve Company entered gentleman yield? to serve his Nation and the world by sup into contacts with the Aluminum Trust Mr. HORAN. Certainly. plying your spiritual, physical, and ma looking for increased aluminum produc Mz:. CURTIS. The gentleman from terial needs. He knows he must do this tiveness. These negotiations continued Texas spoke about the urgency of getting at. the price you can pay. through the winter and resulted in two strategic materials. In the case of rub But here we have the case of non contracts. The first in May of 1941 and ber this Congress gave a direct mandate recourse loan made, not to our American the second July 15, 1941. According to to the R. F. C. to acquire a stock pile.,.of farmer, not to be used to pay American these contracts, the Aluminum Co. of rubber prior to the war with Japan, and labor, but to sulJsidize foreign produc Canada was to 'deliver 340,000 metric it was not done. tion and foreign commerce. If moral tons of aluminum by the end of 1944. Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the values are to be defined and imposed at In return, they were given without inter gentleman yield that I may reply to that home, it would seem both imperative and est a down payment of $25,000,000 and statement? expedient that those same moral values also were extended a loan from the Mr. HORAN. I yield. attend every instance of our foreign re Export-Import Bank at 3 percent. This Mr. PATMAN. The truth is that Mr. lations. Consequently, I have joined aluminum was to be delivered at the Jones piled up the largest stock pile of with my colleague from the State of price of 17 cents a pound. This entire rubber ever before in history known, ·washington [Mr. CoFFEE] in demanding $50,000,000 was made available to the 700,000 tons during the 18 months pre an investigation of the whole Shipshaw Aluminum Co. of Canada as of August ceding Pearl Harbor; and had it not been affair, and have asked for this time that 30, 1941, 1 month before construction for the vision and foresight of Mr. Jones ·I might review some of the background, began on Shipshaw. So far these con we would have been caught with insuffi some of the his.tory, and some o~ the tracts appear .not to be beyond the scope cient rubber to carry on this war. incidents which I feel should be justifi~d of the usual procedure. However, it so Mr. HORAN. We were, were we not? or indicted by a full investigation. It happens that in this same month of Mr. PATMAN. No. We were not. We should be mentioned here also that there August 1941 Alcoa had reduced the price had the largest stock pile of rubber we are many legislators in the Canadian of virgin aluminum in the United States ever had. Parliament as concerned about this as from 17 to 15 cents per pound, probably Mr. CURTIS. It was less than a year's we are here. due to .the activities of Thurman Arnold, supply. The story of the Shipshaw affair be and from which grew the case of the Mr. HORAN. In view of the demand gins with the period immediately fol United States against the Aluminum Co. .for rubber for the war, 700,000 tons was lowing the World War because at that of America. · not very much. time the Aluminum Trust decided, as a In this case it was pointed out that Mr. PATMAN. Yes; that is the normal matter of policy, to look in foreign fields the cost of producing aluminum in 1926 supply for a year, and by cutting it for locations for production plants. was 13.8 cents per pound and it was sold down it was sufficient. They wanted to find places where they for approximately 27 cents a pound. 'The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without could develop power sites-so important The schedule through the years to 1937 objection, the gentleman from Washing to the production of aluminum-where shows corresponding figures. In 1937 ton may include the matter referred to. they did not have to compete with the the cost of producing aluminum had There was no objection. high-priced power demands of domestic been reduced to 9.6 cents a pound, while The matter referred to follows: and small industrial consumers. They it was being sold on the market at 19% Alcoa's average cost of producing virgip w~re aware, of course, of the tremendous cents a pound. Mr. Speaker, I would aluminum ingot, including provision tor opportunities in the western part of our like to place in the RECORD at this time administrative and selling expenses · great United States, but they excluded exhibits 718 and 1701 of that case, which our own West because of the transporta give the cost of producing and the sell Annual tion burdens. I want you to remember ing price of aluminum through those average that fact when we get to the "escalator years. Year Cost per selling pound price per clauses" later on. Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, reserving pound In 1922, they acquired five power prop the right to object, and I shall not, I wish erties in Norway.# The Shipshaw loca the gentleman would agree to put Mr. Cents Cent tion entered the picture when in 1925 Jones' letter in the RECORD in connection 1926______13.82 26.98 Alcoa bought from the James B. Duke 1927------13. 66 25.36 with his remarks. 1928______11. 63 24.09 interests three power sites on the sal?;ue Mr. HORAN. I shall be only too glad 1929______11. 48 23.58 1930______11. 24 nay River in the Province of Quebec, to, because it will not make Mr. Jones 1931. ••• ______;______11.26 23.33 22.78 purportedly for the purpose of eliminat'! look very good. 1932------11.91 21.76 ing a possible future competitor. On the Mr. PATMAN. That is all right; just 1933______12. 24 19.30 Saguenay there were three power sites, so his statement goes in the RECORD. 1934.------13. 58 18.95 1935.------11. 38 18.75 the Isle Maligne, the Chute-a-Caron, and Mr. HORAN. I feel sorry for him, be 1936---·---·------9. 65 18.82 the Shipshaw. 1937- ----·-·------~ 9. 60 19.56 cause I shared the respect for Mr. Jones 1938 ______------19.44 In 1925 the Aluminum Trust developed that the gentleman has, and I am very 1939.------19.86 the Isle Maligne power plant. The unhappy about all of this. Chute-a-Caron was finished in 1931. Mr. PATMAN. The gentleman knows Cost per pound: Exhibit 718. Unital Statnv. Atumf· Shipshaw, the third and largest, begins that the question of critical metal, stra num Co. of America. generating this year, and when finally tegic materials, is a very important one. Sellinv price: Exbibi1 l7Cl. completed will have a rated capacity of I ask the gentleman to suppose he were Mr. HORAN. It would seem reason 1,200,000 horsepower. Federal Loan Administrator and needed ably apparent that the Aluminum Trust -·· 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5009 has never lost any money on the basis the down payment. Against this 5 cents, this Government to open their eyes to of the selling price as against the cost if they wish, they can borrow an addi the need of aluminum, but· men in high of production. The only sound argument tional 5 cents at 3 percent. In the light places of this Government stated we that we, who believe in the capitalistic of the cost exhibits cited, it is not sur did not need aluminum. system, have for the free competitive prising that they have not had to draw Mr. PATMAN. Is not the gentleman market is that it enables society thereby v:ry heavily on the loan fund. mistaken about that? Was it ·not the to get the raw or semiftnished materials Contract No. 4 was entered into April Aluminum Co. of America that was in with which they, in turn, serve their fel 1, 1942. It called for an additional 370,- sisting all the time we did not need addi low men at the lowest possible figure con 000,000 pounds--296,000,000 pounds at 15 tional aluminum? The gentleman sistent with sound business methods and cents and 70,000,000 pounds at 17 cents, stated that Thurman Arnold was trying firm credit. at lend-lease price. An additional in to do something about it. The only excuse for a fixed economy terest-free advance for $18,500,000 was Mr. HORAN. Mr. Speaker, thus fully such as now stifles this Nation and the made and an additional line of credit, to paid for and more than half· depreciated world is that we hope to temporarily the extent of $9,250,000, was opened: in advance, the Shipshaw comes into achieve by force what may not have been Thus, we see that the Aluminum Trust production this year. It is worth noting achieved by freedom. Personally, I was given a noninterest advance of that the construction began in secrecy doubt that we will ever successfully re $68,500,000, $3,5oo:ooo over the estimated in October 1941, and because of the speed place a free economy with one that is cost of Shipshaw. In addition to that, of construction and the severe weather in bureaucratically controlled. Neither do they were given a 3-percent line of credit which the men worked required twice as I feel that our hopes for world peace can of $34,250,000 repayable at 10 years' many men as was estimated to be nec be sustained in a world-wide foreign maturity, based on dates when-borrowed. essary for construction in normal times. commerce that permits, ignores, or even And that is not all. Delivery of alumi A total of 10,925 men were required, and encourages world-wide trusts and the mim is cancelable ·by the United States during the winters of 1941 and 1942 night cartel sy_stem that goes with it. on 6 months' notice. In that event, the temperatures sometimes ranged between In 1937, as the record shows, the Alu Aluminum Co. of Canada is permitted to 20 and 50 degrees below zero, requiring minum Trust was selling their aluminum retain without obligation the unaccount a change of shifts every 2 or 3 hours in for an average of 19.56 cents a pound. ed-for balance of the advance payment order to prevent the men from freezing. The record also shows that their costs in of $68,500,000. And that is not all. In the While we conserved our needed power 1937 were 9.60 cents a pound. This fig eveQt of cancelation, the United States developments here in the United States ure includes depreciation and some sell must pay to the Aluminum Trust 1 cent because of lack of materials what was ing and administrative· expense. The per pound for all metal undelivered un being done, in secret, for the Aluminum figures were rejected by the court, we are der the contract. And even that is not Co. of Canada? Well, this construction informed, because they did not include all. We put into these contracts esca required the use of 44 power shovels and any return on invested capital. It is lator clauses which give the Aluminum cranes, · 525 trucks, and 67 tractors. It worth noting, now, that Shipshaw, ac Trust the right to raise ;the price on required 1,400,000 cubic yards of con cording to the records, is not burdened by aluminum. When transportation or la crete, involving a delivery of 31 carloads any capital-investment costs. A year bor costs rise, in connection with getting of cement a day, 14,000,000 pounds of ago last winter a protest over paying this material from British Guiana, they reinforcing steel, 3,900,000 tons of dyna 17 cents when the United States price can add the increase. Consequently, al mite, and 30,000,000 board-feet of was only 15 cents resulted in the can though the contract cals for 15 cents lumber. celation of contracts Nos.1 and 2 and the a pound for aluminum delivered in Exclusive of hydraulic and electric substituting of contracts Nos. 3 and 4. America and 17 cents when delivered in machinery in the powerhouse, our Gov These were entered into between the lend-lease, I am very reliably informed ernment, while closing· the doors to nor R. F. C. Metals Reserve Company. the that the present invoices will read better mal development in the West, develop Aluminum Trust, and the Export-Import than 17 cents per pound delivered in ment capable also of producing alumi Bank, and the total aluminum order was America, and better than 19 cents de num where men can work in milder cli boosted from 340,000 metric tons to 685,- livered for lend-lease. Thus is the reduc mates; where transportation deliveries 000 metric tons. Contract No. 3 called tion of 2 cents, pointed to often as a are more accessible and the national se for 1,000,000,000 pounds, or one-half mil shaky defense of this deal, washed out. I curity furthered; while they closed the lion metric tons, of aluminum. It called want here to recall the fact that the doors to development in our own West, for delivery by the end of 1944. Of this Aluminum Trust rejected our own West the adr11inistration not only agreed, contract, 800,000,000 pounds, or 400,000 because of the costs of transportation through our lend-lease connections, to metric tons, were to go to the United yet, today, they are making us pay for the use of the named materials in this States at 15 cents a pound. But note this, the hazards of transportation involved Canadian development, but they also 100,000 metric tons was to go into lend with the sites they did select. And that granted priority ratings not permitted in lease at the apparently cartel price of is not all. The Canadian Government . our own domestic program. It would 17 cents per pound, the old figure. has granted more help in the form of tax appear that the most-favored-nation's And here is where Santa Claus entered exemption politely labeled "accelerated clause does not apply at home: the picture. This contract assimilated depreciation." This is reported to be In January 29, 1942, at the request of the ·$25,000,000 down payment and the $37,000,000 in the case of Shipshaw or 56 the Metals Reserve Company of R. F. c .• $25,000,000 loan of the earlier deal by percent of the estimated cost. According a priority of AA-3-equal to the highest providing an advance of J50,000,000 with to reports from the Canadian Parlia rating at that date granted any power out interest or obligation except as to ment, the complete depreciation about project in the United States-was given the delivery of; aluminum. This was to which our Canadian friends are no more to Shipshaw. Within a month, the "enable the seller to ·undertake the ex happy than ourselves ·may amount to Power Branch of W. P. B. arranged to pansion of the productive capacity of its $175,000,000 on Alcoa of Canada's entire have six big steel shafts put upon the plant," according to the wording of the operation. production schedule of American shops contract. That is the same principle Mr. PATMAN. Will the gentleman for Canadian Shipshaw. At almost the that this House has denied in the ca~e of yield? same time steel shafts for our own west nonrecourse loans to the farmers. In Mr. HORAN. I yield to the gentleman ern projects were :temoved from produc addition to the $50,000,000, a line of from Texas. tion schedules. In April 1942 at the credit up to $25,000,000 was allowed at 3 Mr. PATMAN. Does that not impress request of the Aluminum Trust, the percent. It is eloquent, I think, that the the gentleman that there must have Power Branch of. W. P. B. added four Company has not had to use this line of been some real necessity for this in additional Shipshaw shafts to the pro credit very much. It is worth noting t.hat creased production of aluminum? duction schedulee in the Camden Forge whenever we get a pound of Canadian Mr. HORAN. May I say to the gen and Midville Cos. in the United States. aluminum from the Aluminum Trust, tleman from ·Texas that the people of In October, the Shipshaw priority was we pay them 10 cents in cash and my State have been insisting that was raised to AA-1, higher than any United credit 5 cents toward the reduction of the case for 4 long years and begged States power project, and within a few 5010 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27 weeks was raised to AA-2X, the complete These generators are only about two Mr. HORAN. I am only too happy to green light. In addition to the priority thirds as big and the nature of their put Mr. Jones' letter in because, in the for shafts...!.._called the bottleneck of design made it necessary to block o:ff an face of the facts that have been devel power development-it is understood entire penstock and turbine area in oped up to now, it is a very, very lame that the Canadian contractors secured Grand Coulee in order to install them. excuse for what has been done at Ship silicon steel for the steel forging and The very bed of the generator com shaw. casting through the assistance of partments had to be mutilated and holes The SP~AKER pro tempore. The time "' W. P. B. Most other materials are re cut through them in order to accommo of the gentleman has expired. ported to have been secured in Canada, date these Shasta generators. Mr. HORAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask but since in most instances these are Time, manpower, and money have unanimous consent to include Mr. Jones' merely Canadian branches of American been wasted out there in order that letter in the RECORD. Also four pages firms, and because of the nature of lend Sh"pshaw might be favored. from the Interior Department appropri lease, we can say that this was still a Most tragic of all, that miraculous ation hearings on the Shipshaw matter further denial to the development of efficiency contemplated for Grand in connection with my remarks. western power and reclamation. Thus Coulee, a project many times called the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there our good old American Santa Claus ap eighth wonder of the world, has been objection to the request of the gentleman parently subsidizes through a nonre seriously impaired, a·nd at a time when from Washjngton [Mr. HoRAN]? course loan the aluminum cartel. It our war industry is crying for power and There w1.s no objection. seems to me if we would protect the fu more power. · The matter referred to follows: ture security and development of our Today men say that our old frontiers THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE, own Nation, this whole proposition de are gone; that the West of Horace Washington, March 24, 1943. mands an investigatior.. Not only be Greeley, where men could go and create Hon. HARRY S. TRUMAN cause of the definitely questionable their capital out of sweat and sand; no United States Senate, nature of the deal itself, but because we longer exists as a land of opportunity. Washington, D. C. here in this Congress are trying to elim I say to you that the real frontiers of DEAR SENATOR TRUMAN: In reply to your inate such things as a matter of policy the West are yet to be. . inquiry about Metals Reserve Company's pur from our domestic transactions and chases of aluminum from Canada, beg to ad Out there are three-quarters of a bil vise that May 2, 1941, at the request of the also because we should certainly think lion acres waiting to be reclaimed. Out Office of Production Management, Metals Re twice before granting abroad what we there are turbulent rivers waiting to be serve Company contracted with the Alumi are denying to our people at home. harnessed. Out there are enormous de num Co. of Canada for the purchase of The projects in America which were posits of rich and useful minerals wait 170,000 metric tons (374,680,000 pounds) of stopped are widely regarded as our mar ing to be converted into use. Out there aluminum at 17 cents per pound, the then gin of domestic security after the war. are great forests and fine climate. . prevailing price of aluminum in this country. They not only give promise of employ Our West is opportunity itself. This contract and all subsequent contracts ment when the let-down comes, but be But it is a balanced opportunity. in this program were approved by the Presi cause of the reclamation features, they dent. Out West, the hand that turns to bring In connection With the purchase, the Alu promise far more than the mere alumi aluminum in this hour of need, brings minum Co. required an advance of $25,000,000, num from Saguenay. They promise an also rich lands, improved navigation, which we agreed to make at 2 percent interest. industrial development and also homes flood control, power for our farms at low Such advances are authorized in connection and farms for the returning soldiers and cost, fresh water for our cities, regulated with the purchase of critical and strategic those cast out from employment when water flow and delta control; the crea materials under section 5d of the Reconstruc the present "production for destruction" tion of marvelous wildlife and recrea tion Finance Corporation Act, as amended, program shall have ended in our land. and do not require interest. The interest tional areas, and most important of all, was computed to equal 0.295 cent per pound These western projects now being shut a greater security to you of the rest ·of of aluminum, and in drawing the contract o:ff by W. P. B. even as they favor Ship the Nation because they will produce for this was deducted from the price of 17 "ents. shaw are as yet but scarcely developed your needs, and consume in return, your The advance was to be amortized at the rate despite publicity to the contrary, but products. of 6% cents per pound of aluminum delivered. meager though that development is, At Sltipshaw, there is aluminum, noth Substantial advances on purchase contraets those projects alone constitute an an ing more. of critical and strategic materials have been nual market for some three to four hun Mr. PATMAN. Will the gentleman made to China and Russia and in connection dred million in nonwestern commodities, yield? with purchases in some Latin-American and with the completion of those proj countries. Mr. HORAN. I yield to the gentleman May 13, 1941, the Office of Production Man ects better than a half billion dollars from Texas. agement requested that the initial contract annual market. All this, of course, is in Mr. PATMAN. I express the hope that be doubled. This was concluded at the same addition to the benefits to our trans aluminum can be developed in the West price. The company asked for an advance of portation system, as it travels in its and not only aluminum but also the iron $25,000,000 against this contract, and r loan transcontinental way. The projects af- · ore resources that -can be used to make for this amount was made to it by the Export fected • are the Grand Coulee, Shasta, steel and other critical materials. I feel Import Bank at 3 percent interest. Keswick, Anderson Range, and Davis there must be something wrong with the In negotiating contracts with the Alumi Dams, Columbia-Big Thompson project, num Co. of America to build and operate gentleman's statement, becau~e I know aluminum plants in the United States for and several T. V. A. dams aggregating Mr. Jones is not going to deliberately our account, we secured a reduction from 1,600,000 horsepower, as well as the rec and willfully favor some foreign country, Alcoa in the price of aluminum in the United lamation development dependent there even Canada, one of our allies, over our States from 17 cents to 15 cents per pound, on. But that is not all. The Grand own people in the United States. I am thereby saving the Government a great many • Coulee Dam is, indeed, a marvelous sure that a reasonable and careful inves millions of dollars. ' structure. It is built to use 18 huge gen tigation will disclose why that has been After getting the reduced price from Alcoa, erators. Up to a year or so ago progress done. we asked the Aluminum Co. of Canada tore of installing those -generators was going duce their price from 17 cents to 15 cents, Mr. HORAN. I was very careful not notwithstanding we had contracted to pay on in an orderly fashion. Those gen to mention Mr. Jones' name until the 17 cents. The company was reluctant to re erators are rated at 108,000 kilowatt gentleman brought the matter up, be duce the price since they were getting 17 hours each, but so efficient is Grand cause I am not trying to indict any man cents from the Britieh and Canadian Gov Coulee that they actually generate 120,- at this time. I want the gentleman to ernments.. However, we finally prevailed up- 000 kilowatt-hours each. But through understand that. The best way he can on them to reduce the price to 15 cents on the exigencies of war and the actions of protect his fine citizen from Texas is to 80 percent of the shipments. To get this re W. P. B., installations have been stopped join with me in demanding an investiga duction in price, we waived the interest on the advances, and made a reduction in the even though the demand for power ex tion of this transaction and make it a amortization requirements. The reduction ceeds the program of installation. .matter of record. , from 17 cents to 15 cents saved Metals Re To meet this demand generators have Mr. PATMAN. If the gentleman will serve Company $16,000,000, while.only $2,500,- been broug:Qt to Grand Coulee which put Mr. Jones' letter in I will be glad to 000 was waived in interest. This revision of were originally pJanned for Shasta Dam. read it over. the. previous contracts provide~ for an in- , •

1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5011 crease in our purchases of aluminum from minum production of this Nation, and we time, $68,000,000 of American taxpayers' Canada to 1,000,000,000 pounds. have been doing that conscientiously and for money being loaned without interest, accord February 23, 1942, we were requested by the purpose of winning the war. That fs the ing to this story, to build an Aluminum Co.'s the War Production Board to increase the reason you appropriated the money; that was factory in the wilds of Canaqa. And the purchase of Canadian aluminum by an ad the fundamental basis of it. article further states, I believe, that a lot ditional 370,000,000 pounds. These purchases Mr. JoHNsoN of Oklahoma. Is it not true of the principal may never be paid back. were made at the reduced price. schedule. that there is a shortage, actual or potential, Knowing the Honorable Jesse Jones as I do, The latter contracts also provided for ad of aluminum in this country, and is it not I must say that part of it sounds fantastic vances against deliveries. also true that some of the plants are not to me. Tot"al loans and advances to date in con operating to full capacity? Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Chairman, where did they nection with all purchase contracts aggregate Dr. RAVER. There is supposed to be a short get their money? $69,500,000, and repayments have been $15,- age of aluminum. Not only that, but it is Mr. JoHNSON of Oklahoma. According to 919,477. Total amount of aluminum con also true that some of the plants which are the article, from the Metals Reserve Com tracted for is 1,370,000,000 pounds, and de- established in the Northwest today are not pany, a part of the Reconstruction Finance •liveries to date have been 368,000,000 pounds. operating full capacity-not because we have Corporation. The contracts made provision for a fixed no~ the power and have not provided the Mr. JENSEN. And where is this plant being basis of cancelation on any part of the alu power for them, but because they are unable built--is it completed? minum that we might determine not to buy. to secure the necessary alumina, which is Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. It seems to be Metals Reserve Company has had no con the basic powder from which aluminum is about completed. trol over the expendiJ;ure of the loans and made. Now we suddenly find out that a Mr. ALVEY. It will be completed this year, advances; that is, wh.ether they were to be great power plant has been constructed in by June. used for working capital, plant expansion, or Canada by· and for the Aluminum Co. of Mr. JENSEN. Where was it built? otherwfse. America, which is operating these Govern Mr. ALVEY. On the Saguenay River, in the Sincerely yours, ment facilities in the Northwest; that it was Province of Quebec, a couple of hundred JESSE H. JONES, constructed secretly and at a time. when miles north of Montreal. Secretary of Commerce. critical materials-we were told, at least- Dr. RAVER. It is a project which has al prevented us from going ahead on much or most as much firm power in it as .the Grand our program. T.b.at is one of the reasons we Coulee Dam . . That is quite a project to keep Mr. MARLETT. The total requisitioned ap h ve balances left in our appropriation from under bl~nkets and nobody know about it. propriations are $68,717,951, of which the cash last year, because much of our program was Mr. JoHNso:r-~ o/ Oklahoma. On ;,·hat theory, on hand amounted to $3,533,341, leaving a stopped and we have been forced to operate or perhaps I should ask if you know what net difference of approximately $65,000,000 ou:: system on a shoestring,. overloaded and reason or excuse is given why it has been expended. without reserves and even without the neces kept a deep, dark secret according to the Mr. JoHNSON of Oklahoma. Now, has your sary fire protection, in many cases, because newspaper report, ~;;o that the taxpayers, the agency connection with the generating of we have not been able to get the fire hydrants -American people, and the Congress should power at Bonneville or Grand Coulee Dam? and other critical materials that we need to know little or nothing about it? Dr. RAVER. No, sir. We sell the power and protect this war-production plant; and at Dr. RAVi:R. It is a competitive threat to our constnfct, operate, and maintain the trans the same time we find those critical materials own power market after the war is over. mission and substation faciUties. . which we could not get, even to provide for a Mr. JoHNSON of Oklahoma. As a post-war LOAN TO THE ALUMINUM CO. OF CANADA sounq, sensible, operation of our own sys proposition, that Canadian Aluminum Co., tem, have been going to Canada for the :Which we hear is a subsidy of the Aluminum Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Did you read Aluminum Co. of America. I do not think the very interesting story in Merry-Go-Round Co. of America, will have a great factory em it sounds very good and I am glad to have ploying thousands of people in Canada with this morning, with reference to the shortage that on the record. of power in the Northwest and the inability our gallant fighting men looking for jobs. Mr. JoHNso~ of Oklahoma. Well, to say f'\,nd even though Canada is our ally and a J,o get priorities from the War Production the least, it calls for an explanation. To Board? The article further stated that Jesse friendly nation, unless there is some good say I have been shocked that $65,000,000 or reason .for it, I give notice here that I am Jones had made a secret loan, I believe, of $68,000,000 have been spent on such project some $65,000,000 without interest to the going to make a vigorous protest. in Canada, under circumstan-ces as related Mr. CARTER. Do you think that is a part of Aluminum Co. of Canada. in this news story is putting it mildly. I Dr. RAVER. I certainly did read it. the good-neighbor policy, Mr. Chairman? have no quarrel with our good neighbors on Mr. JoHNSON of Oklahoma. That story, if Mr. CARTER. I ru.ve not read it, but I have the north, but constantly we are bearing just heard about it. ~orrectly reported, is not my idea of a good that in Canada they are actually making neighbor or the good-neighbor policy . . Mr. JoHNsoN of Oklahoma. Frankly, I was chairs out of aluminum and that they have not only amazed, but shocked at the story. Mr. eARTER. Is it not in line with the good an abundance of aluminum there. And I neighbor policy? I have known and admired Secretary Jones for might add that they have an abundance of manz years. I have also admired his busi Mr. JoHNSON of Oklahoma. I do not think a lot of other things in Canada that citizens so. ness~e methods, as well as his quick and of the United States of Ame:r:ica are being definite decisions. I shall, of course, not pass rationed on. It isn't a very healthy situation. Mr. CARTER. Do you know that we are fi final judgment until I hear his side of the Mr. FITZPATRICK. Well, it must have been nancing a big steel mill also out of this controversy, but the story, to say the least, to protect some big interest of the United country? calls for a clear-cut explanation, or else there States. Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. That is in must be a thorough investigation of the whole Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Of course?-l as South America, is it not? transaction. I wonder if you have any defi sume that an investigation will disclose that Mr. CARTER. Yes. nite information to give the committee con thP Aluminum Co. of Canada and the Alumi· Mr. JoHNsoN of Oklahoma. The situation cerning the matter either on or . off the num Co. of America are the one and same is entirely different in South America, where record? company. the Nazis' have been spreading anti-Ameri Mr. FITZPATRICK. It may be possible, Mr. Mr. FITZPATRICK. Because when they stopped can propaganda for decades. Chairman, that they do not want any sur that Central Valley project and the one you Mr. CARTER. Do you know that the tax plus power in tre United States, as that are administering, when they needed the payers of this country have furnished money ,might interfere with the Power Trust here, power there must have been some great in to every South and Central Amer:can coun a-.d that is why they are going to go up into fluence to get the War Production Board· to try, and why discriminate against Canada, Canada; then, after the war is over, they stop these projects and then send this ma 1f we are going to do that. Canada is always would not have any surplus here. terial they claim was a shortage of, up to very friendly to us. She even supplied us Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Let me add Canada for the"l to construct a plant there. with liquor during prohibition. here +-hat wfthout doubt this committee as 11,.,.. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I do not know Mr. JoNES. If I understand, the full well as the Congress is entitled to know the how other members of the committee feel, a~ount of money spent in South America is full facts of the situation. Do you know but this purported transaction does not seem to be about $2,000,000,'l00. anything about it, and if so, do you care to to square with the long honorable record of Mr. FITZPAT~ICK. The geographical situation make any comment? Jesse Jones, generally recognized as a great is entirely different. This is right in com . Dr. RAVER. Well, my comment goes en farsighted, square-shooting businessman. petition with us; in South America we are tirely to the effect of a development of this Mr. ALVEY. There is an article in this morn trying to get them to produce things down kind upon this project in the Northwest, for . ing's PM that goes into more detail than Drew there that we need. But this is power. We which I am responsible for the administra Pearson's article. can furnish plenty of it, right here in this tion at the present time. I do not know Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I have not read country. anything about the contract arrangement that article. The committee should et the Mr. MARLE'rl'. It is also in competition with between Mr. Jones arid the Aluminum Co. or facts. Here they are closing down lot or California power. America. But here we have been developing power and reclamation projects in the United Mr. FITZPATRICK. Absolutely. 'this project in tlie Nol'thwest and supplying States, slowing up on others that are not Mr. JoNEs. Was this loan made to the Gov the power capacity for one-third of the a.lu- running to full capacity, and at the same ernment of Canada, Mr. _Chairman? LXXXIX-. -316 5012 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27. Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. No; to the BILLS PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT hearing on Thursday, June 10, 1943, at · Aluminum Co. of Can!lda. according to the 10 o'clock a. m., on H. R. 2731, to facili printed story. Mr. KLEIN, from the Committee on Mr. JoNES. For a power plant of their Enrolled Bills, reported that that com tate the award and payment of just com ()Wn? mittee did on this day present to the pensation for prpperty requisitioned Mr. JoHNSON of Oklahoma. Yes; that is President, for his approval, bills of the under the authority of section 902 (a) my understanding. House of the following titles: of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, a~ Mr. FITzpATRICK. Well, did not they try to H. R.-170. An act to confer jurisdiction amended, and for other purposes. prevent the Reynolds Co. from developing COMMITTEE ON FLOOD CONTROL , their own aluminum plant--the same group. upon the United States District Court for Was not there some opposition by the Alumi the Eastern District of Virginia to hear, de The Flood Control Committee will con num Co. of America against the Reynolds Co. termine, and render judgment upon the claim of 0. T . . Travis; · duct hearings on :flood-control reports in developing its plant, and that has been a submitted by the Chief of Engineers known fact for a couple of years? H. R. 328. An act to authorize the Secre tary of the Interior, because of military oper since the passage of the Flood Control EXTENSION OF REMARKS ations, to defer or waive payments under Act of August 18, 1941, and on amend; Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, I ask nonmineral leases of public lands in Alaska; ments to existing law. Flood-control H. R. 535. An act for the relie~ of the legal projects for post-war construction will unanimous consent that my colleague guardian of Donna Pittel; the gentlewoman from Massachusetts H. R. 777. An act to amend an act entitled be among the most satisfactory public [Mrs. RoGERS] 'may be permitted to ex "An act to regulate the hours of employment works, and the committee plans an ade tend her own remarks in the RECORD and and safeguard the health of females employed quate backlog. ·of sound :flood-control to include a, communication from the in the District of Columbia," approved Feb projects available for construction fol War Department, also one from Colonel ruary 25, 1914; lowing the war. Hobby. H. R. 940. An act for the relief of Howard 1. Tuesday, June 1: Maj. Gen. Eugene E. Dickison; Reybold, Chief of Engineers, will open The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there H. R. 1153. An act for the relief of Cordie objection to the request of the gentleman Underwood and Wilbur Kea; the hearings with any statements an'd from Nebraska [Mr. CuRTIS]? · H. R. 1160. An act for the relief of Alva recommendations he desires to submit There was no objection. Burton Rickey; covering national :flood control and the H. R. 1468. An act for the relief of Mr. and projects that should be included in the LEAVE OF ABSENCE Mrs. Samuel Azer; bill to be reported, especially as they By unanimous consent, leave of absence H. R.1667. An act to confer jurisdiction on are related to national defense and as was granted as follows: the Court of Claims to hear and determine they will -be important following the the claim of Mount Vernon, Alexandria & To Mrs. SMITH of Maine, on account Washington Railway Co., a corporation; existing war to provide sound :flood of official business. H. R. 2067. An act conferring jurisdiction control projects and desirable public To Mr. SIKEs, for 1 week, on account upon ~he United States District Court for works. General Reybold is now on an of important official business. the Middle District of Georgia to hear, de airplane tour of inspection of the :flood To Mr. BELL, for 3 weeks after May termine, and render judgment upon the claim areas and will submit a first-hand report 28; 1943, on account of official business. of H. M . .Reid & Co., of Macon, Ga; and covering recent major :floods along the H. R. 2115. An act to amend the District Missouri, Arkansas, White, Mississippi, ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED of Columbia Unemployment Compensation Act to provide for unemployment compensa Illinois, Wabash, Ohio, and other rivers Mr. KLEIN, from the Committee on tion in the District of Columbia, and for in the recent :flood areas. He will be fol Enrolled Bills, reported that that com other purposes. lowed by Maj. Gen. Thomas M. Robins., mittee had examined and found truly Assistant Chief of Engineers, who has enrolled bills of the House of the "follow ADJOURNMENT previously advised the Flood Control ing titles, which were thereupon signed Mr. McMURRAY. Mr. Speaker, I Committee during hearings and who will by the Speaker: move that the House do.now adjourn. also appear before the committee and H. R. 170. An act to confer jurisdiction The motion was agreed to; accordingly submit his views and discuss generally upon the United States District Court for ~ (at 4 o'clock and 56 minutes p. m.) the the projects that have been favorably the Eastern District of Virginia to hear, de House adjourned until tomorrow, Friday, reported since the hearings were con termine, and render judgment upon tlle claim ducted on H. R. 4911, Seventy-seventh of 0. T. Travis; May 28, 1943, at 12 o'clock noon. H. R. 328. An act . to authorize the Secre Congress, first session, reported on June tary of the Interior, because of military oper 9, 1941, which became the Flood CQPtrol ations, to defer or waive payments under COMMITTEE HEARINGS Act of August 18, 1941. Col. George R. nonmineral leases of public lands in Alaska; COMMITTEE ON THE CIVIL SERVICE Goethals, Chief of the Flood Control H. R. 535. An act for the relief of the legal This committee will hold public hear Branch Office of Chief of Engineers, will guardian of Donna Pittel; ings on investigation of civilian employ attend the hearings and will furnish to H. R. 777. An act to amend an act entitled the members of the committee in detail "An act to regulate the hours of employment ment in governmental departments, and safeguard the health of females employed Friday, May 28, 1943, at 10 o'clock a. m. any and all available information re tn the District of Columbia," approved Feb- in room 246, House Office Building. · specting the said projects on which ruary 24, 1914; · COMMITTEE ON INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN favorable reports have been submitted H. R. 940. An act for the relief of Howard COMMERCE by the Chief of Engineers. E. Dickison; The district engineers and the division H. R.1153. An act for the relief of Cordie There will be a meeting of the sub engineers have furnished to the Chie1 of Underwood and Wilbur Kea; committee on investigation of restric Engineers data and information re H. R.1160. An act for the relief of Alva tions on brand names and newsprint of Burton Rickey; the Committee on Interstate and For specting major :floods since August 18, H. R.1468. An act for the relief of Mr. and eign Commerce, at 10 a. m., Friday, May 1941, and particularly with respect to Mrs. Samuel Azer; 28, 1943. recent major :floods in the various drain H. R.1667. An act to confer jurisdiction age basins of the country, which will be on the Court of Claims to hear and deter Business to be considered: Public hear submitted to the committee. mine the claim of Mount Vernon, Alexan ings pursuant to House Resolution 98 2. Wednesday, June 2: General Rey .. dria & Washington Rallway Co., a corpo by Congressman HALLECK. bold, General Robins, Colonel Goethals, ration; COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS H. R. 2067. An act conferring jurisdiction other representatives of the Office of upon the United States District Court for There will be a meeting of the com Chief of Engineers, and proponents on the Middle District of Georgia to hear, deter mittee at 10 a. m. on Tuesday, June 1, · projects for the New England region, in mine, and render judgment upon the claim 1943, for consideration of housing bills, in cluding the Connecticut and Merrimac of H. M. Reid & Co., of Macon, Ga.; and room 1304, New House Office Building. Rivers, and the Middle Atlantic region, H. R. 2115. An act to amend the District coyrrru oN THE MERcHANT MARINE AND including New York, Pennsylvania, and of Columbia Unemployment Compensation FISHERIES Act to provide for unemployment compensa New Jersey. tion in the District of Columbia, and tor The Committee on the Merchant Ma 3. Thursday, June 3: General Rey.. other purposes. rine and Fisheries will hold a public bold, General Robins, Colonel Goethals, 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5013 other representatives of the Office of Mr. WHITTINGTON: Committee on Expen By 'Mr. PATMAN: Chief of Engineers, and proponents on ditures in the Executive Departments. H. R. H.R.2817. A bill to ·provide for the dis 2795. A bill to amend the Budget a:nd Ac tribution of motor-vehicle tires, and for other projects in the upper and lower Ohio counting Act, 1921, to provide for the more purposes; to the Committee on Banking and River and tributaries, and on projects of efficient utilization and disposition of Govern Currency. the South Atlantic region, including riv ment property other than land or buildings By Mr. PETERSON of Florida: ers flowing into the Atlantic Ocean and and facilities or fixtures appurtenant thereto, H. R. 2818. A bill to amend sections 6, 7, Gulf of 1Mexico east of the Mississippi and for other purposes; without amendment and 8 of the act entitled "An act to provide River. (Rept. No. 507). Referred to the Committee for the leasing of coal lands in the Territory 4. Friday, June 4: General Reybold, of the Whole House on the State of the Union. of Alaska, and for ~ther purposes," approved General Robins, Colonel Goethals, other Mr. ROBINSON of Utah: Committee on October 20, 1914 (38 Stat. 741, 743; 48 U. S. C., Roads. H. R. 2798. A bill to amend the act sees. 440, 441, 442); to the Committee on representatives of the Office of Chief of entitled "An act to provide that the United the Public Lands. Engineers, and ·proponents on projects States shall aid the States in the construc · H. R. 2819. A bill to provide for tn.e classi along the Missouri River and tributaries tion of rural post roads, and for other pur fication of the public lands in Alaska; to the and the upper Mississippi River and the poses", approved July 11,- 1916, as amended Committee on the Public Lands. Great Lakes region. and supplemented, and for other purposes; By Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts: 5. Tuesday, June 8: General Reybold, without amendment (Rept. No. 508). Re H. R. 2820. A bill to provide for the estab General Robins, Colonel Goethals, other ferred to the Committee of the Whol~ House lishment of a permanent medical corps in the representatives of the Office of Chief of on the state of the Union. Veterans' Administration; to the Committee Engineers, and proponents on projects on World War Veterans' Legislation. PUBLIC !BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS By Mr. CRAWFORD: in the lower Mississippi River and tribu H. R. 2821. A bill to amend the act entitled taries, including the Arkansas and White Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public "An act to expedite the provision of housing Rivers, and on rivers flowing into the bills and resolutions were introduced and in connection with national defense," ap Gulf west of the Mississippi River, and severally referred as follows: proved October 14, 1940; to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. in the western Rocky Mountain region, By Mr. SUMNERS of Texas: including Texas and Colorado, and in · H. R. 2808. A bill to amend section 215 of By Mr. SUMNERS of Texas: the Pacific Northwest region, including the Judicial- Code, relating to the quorum H. R. 2822. A bill to provide for the exercise of the Justices of the Supreme Court of the by the United States of certain jurisdiction the Willamette River and the Columbia over persons within areas in the Republic of River and tributaries. United States; to the Committee on the Panama, the temporary use of which for de 6. Wednesday, June· 9: General Rey Judiciary. fense purposes is granted to the United bold, General Robins, Colonel Goethals, By Mr. BLAND: States; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2809 (by request). A bill to amend other representatives of the Office of 'section 511 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936; By Mr. MAY~ Chief of Engineers, and proponents on as amended; to the Committee on the Mer H. R. 2823. A bill to amend an act entitled projects in the Los Angeles area and in "An act to provide for the posthumous ap chant Marine and Fisheries. pointment to commissioned or noncommis the State of California, including the By Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania: sioned grade of certain enlisted men and thct Sacramento, San Joaquin, and Kern H. R. 2810. A bill to amend the Service posthumous promotion of certain commis River Valleys, and on projects in other men's Dependents Allowance Act of 1942, so sioned officera.. and enlisted men," approved regions and in other parts of the United as to provide for .an increase in the amount July 28, 1942; to the Committee on Military States. of the Government's contribution to the de Affairs. pendents of enlisted men entitled to family 7. Thursday, June 10: Representatives allowances under· such act; to the Committee By Mr. CANNON of Missouri: . of the Department of Agriculture and on Military Affairs. H. J. Res. 132. Joint resolution to amend the Bureau of Reclamation, and other section 5 of the Flood Control Act, approved By Mr. BUSBEY: August 18, 1941; to the Committee on Flood governmental agencies. H. R. 2811. A bill to extend for 1 year policies of insurance issued by the War Dam Control. 8. Friday, June 11: Senators and Rep- By Mr. BRADLEY of Michigan: resentatives of Congress. ' age Insurance Corporation without further payment of premiums; the Committee on H. Con. Res. 22. Concurrent resolution pro to viding that any commitments by the signa EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. 'Banking and Currency. tories to the International Food Conference By Mr. HAGEN: does not bind the United States of America Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive H. R. · 2812. A bill to amend the Service in any way to the decisions arrived at unless communications were taken from the men's Dependents Allowance Act of 1942, so first approved by the Congress of the United Speaker's table and referred as follows: as to provide for an increase of 15 percent in States; to the Committee· on Foreign Affairs. the amount of the Government's contribu 440. A letter from the Secretary of State, tion to the dependents of enlisted men en By Mr. SMITH of Ohio: transmitting a message from the RepubHc of titled to family allowances under such act;· H. eon. Res. 23. Concurrent resolution pro Cuba with regard to the independence of to the Committee on Military Affairs. viding that any commitments by the signa Puerto Rico; to the Committee on Insular tories to the International Food Conference By Mr. HARTLEY: does not bind the United States of America Affairs. H. R. 2813. A bill to amend section 7 of the 441. A communication from the President act approved February 28, 1925, so as to in any way to the decisions arrived at unless of the United States, transmitting a supple change the method of computing the daily first approved by the Congress of the United mental estimate of appropriation for the rate of compensation in the case of certain States; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Treasury Department fbr the fiscal years 1943 postal employees, and for other purposes; to and 1944, amounting to $2,700,000 (H. Doc. No. 210); to the Committee on Appropria the Committ~e on the Post -Office and Post MEMORIALS tions and ordered to be printed. Roads. H. R. 2814. A bill to adjust j;he basis of Under clause 3 of rule XXII, memorials 442. A letter from the Archivist of the were presented and referred as follows: United States, transmitting report on lists compensation for overtime service of certain of papers, recommended to him for disposal employees in the Postal Service, and for other By the SPEAKE.'R: Memorial of the legisla by certain agencies of the Federal Govern purposes; to the Committee on the Post Office ture of the State of California, memorializing ment; to the Committee on the Disposition and Post Roads. the President and the Congress of the United of Executive Papers. By Mr. LAFOLLETTE: States to enact legislation with reference to H. R. 2815. A bill to authorize a prelimi persons entering the armed forces taking nary examination and survey of Indian their option in national service life insurance REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC Creek and its tributaries in the county of or United States Government (converted) life BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Harrison, State of Indiana, and in any ad insurance; to the Committee on Ways and Und2r clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of jacent counties through which said Indian Means. Creek or its tributaries may fiow, for flood committees were delivered to the Clerk control, for run-off and water.flow retarda ·for printing and reference to the proper tion, and for soil-erosion prevention; to the PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS calendar, as follows: Committee on Flood Control. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private Mr. BELL: Committee on Insular Affairs. By Mr. LANE: bills and resolutions were introduced and House Joint Resolution 128. A joint resolu H. R. 2816. A bill to provide for the pay tion to authorize an appropriation for work ment of certain Government employees for severally referred as follows: relief in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, accumulated or accrued annual leave due By Mr. ANDREWS: without amendment (Rept. No. 506). Re upon their separation from Government H. R. 2824. A blil for the relief of Alice ferred to the Committee of the Whole House service; to the Committee on the Civil Stamps and Henrietta E. Stamps; t J the on the state of the Union. Service. Committee on Claims. 5014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 27. By Mr. ANDERSON o! Cali!or"nia.: production of materials necessary for the Winning of the war by prohibiting the manu H. R. 2825. A blll for the relief of Sigfried winning of the war by prohibiting the manu facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic Olsen doing business as Sigfried Olsen Ship facture,. sale, or transportation of alcoholic liquors in the United States for the duration ping Co.; to the Committee on Claims. liquors for the duration of the war; to the of the war; to the Committee on the Judi By Mr. LAMBERTSON: · eomniittee on the Judiciary. ciary. H. R. 2826. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Anna 974. Also, petition of E. R. Town and 42 983. Also, petition of W. P. Breneman and Runnebaum; to the Committee on Claims. citizens of Middleton, Mich., urging enact 87 citizens of Reading, Pa., urging enact By 1\11'. O'BRIEN of New York: ment of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce ment of House bill2082, a measure to reduce H. R. 2827. A bill !or the relief of Ida M. absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed Rutherford; to the Commtttee on Claims. production of materials necessary for the production of materials necessary for the Winning of the war by prohibiting the manu winning of the war by prohibiting the man facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic ufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic PETITIONS, ETC. liquors in the United States for the duration liquors in the United States for the duration Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions of the war; to the Committee on the of the war; to the Committee on the Judi and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk Judiciary. ciary. 975. Also, petition of Mrs. M. L. Roberts and 984. Also, petition o~ Elder Dillard B. and referred as follows: 46 citizens of Caldwell, Idaho, urging enact Thompson and 40 citizens of Minnesota, urg By Mr. BRYSON: ment of House bill 2062, a measure to reduce ing enactment of House bill 2082, a measure 966. Petition of A. Moulton McNutt, Esq., a~ntecism, conserve manpower, and speed to reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and 320 citizens of Camden, N. J., urging production of m'aterlals necessary for the and speed production of materials necessary enactment of House bill 2082, a measure to winning of the war by prohibiting the manu for the winning of the war by prohibiting reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic the manufacture, sale, or transportation of speed production of materials necessary for liquors in the United States for the duration alcoholic liquors in the United States for the • the winning of the war, by prohibiting the o! the war; to the Committee on the duration of the war; to the Committee on manufacture, sale, or transportation of al Judiciary. ~~~~ . coholic liquors in the United States for the 976. Also, petition of Mrs. C. G. St. John 985. Also, petition of 28 citizens of Waco, duration of the 'war; to the Committee on and 33 citizens of Minneapolis, Minn., urging Tex., urging enactment of House bill 2082, a the Judiciary. enactment of House b1ll 2082, a measure to measure to reduce absenteeism, conserve 967. Also, petition of Orpha Turner and 25 reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and manpower, and speed production of materials citizens of Ithaca, Mich., urging enactment speed production of materials n~cessary for necessary for the winning of the war by of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce ab the· Winning of the war by prohibiting the prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or trans senteeism, conserve manpower, and speed manufacture, sale, or transportion of alco portation of alcoholic liquors in the United production of materials necessary for the holic liquors in the United States for the States for the duration of the war; to the. winning of the war, by prohibiting the manu duration of the war; to the Committee on the Comml ttee on the Judiciary. facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic Judiciary. 986. Also, petition of Elizabeth Weinmann liquors Jn the United States for the dura 977. Also, petition of the Methodist Laurel and 41 citizens of Canoga Park, Calif., urging tion of the war; to the Committee on the wood Church of Portland, Oreg., urging enact enactment of House bill 20132, a measure to Judiciary. ment of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and 968. Also, petition of F. A. Natt and 23 citi absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed speed production of materials necessary for zens of Savanna, Dl., urging enactment of production of materials necessary for the the winning of the war by prohibiting the House bill2082, a measure to reduce absentee winning of the war, by prohibiting the manu manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco- ism, conserve manpower, and speed produc facture, sale, or transportation of alcohollc holic liquors ln the United States for the tion of materials necessary for the winning liquors in the United States for the duration duration of the war; to the-Committee on the of the war by prohibiting the manufacture, of the war; to the Committee on the Judiciary. sale, or transportation of alcoholic liquors Judiciary. in the United States for the duration of the 978. Also, petition of Florence Blake and 987. Also, petition of Mrs. A.M. Purdy and war; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 19 citizens of Henriette, Minn., urging enact 52 citizens of St. Paul, Minn., urging enact 969. Also, petition of Clara Lawrence and ment of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce ment of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce 40 citizens of Marion, Ohio, urging enactment absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce ab production of materials necessary for the production of maferials necessary for the senteeism, conserve manpower, and speed pro winning of the war by prohibiting the man winning of the war by prohibiting_the manu duction of materials necessary for the win ufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic ning of the war, by prohibiting the manu liquors in the United States for the duration liquors in the United States for the duration facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic of the war; to the Committee on the Judi of the war; to the Committee on the liquors in the United States for the duration ciary. Judiciary. of the war; to the Committee on the Judi 979. Also, petition of Mrs. A. F. Miller and 988. Also, petition of Elizabeth R. Hackett ciary. 25 members of the Woman's Christian Tem and 100 citizens of Phoenix, Ariz., urging en 970. Also, petition of C. W. Reelhorn and perance Union, Winona, Minn., u~ging enact actment of House bill 2082, a measur'e to 20 citizens of Pataskala, Ohio, urging enact 'ment of Hous_e bill 2082, a measure to reduce reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and ment of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed speed production of materials necessary for absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed production of materials necessary for the the winning of the war by prohibiting the production of materials necessary for the winning of the war by prohibiting the man manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco winning of the war, by prohibiting the manu ufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic holl.c liquors in the United States for the facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic liquors in the United States for the duration duration of the war; to the Committee on the liquors in the United States for the duration of the war; to the Committee on the Judi Judiciary. of the war; to the Committee on the Judi~ ciary. 989. Also, petition of Mrs. N. N. Strange ciary. 980. Also, petition of Effie S. Johnson and way and 28 citizens of Rochester, Minn., urg 971. Also, petition of Della Stumpf and 55 22 citizens. of Red Wing, Minn., urging enact ing enactment of House bill 2082, a measure citizens of Santa Ana, Calif., urging enact ment of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce to reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, ment of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed and speed production of materials necessary absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed production of materials necessary for the for the winning of the war by prohibiting the production of materials necessary for tb,e win winning of the war by prohibiting the manu manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco ning of the war, by prohibiting the manu facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic holic liquors in the United States for the facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic liquors in the United States for the duration duration of the war; to the Committee on liquors in the United States for the duration of the war; to the Committee on the Judi- the Judiciary. of the war; to the Committee on the Judi ctar~ ~ 990. Also, petition of Celia Hawkins and 25 ciary. 981. Also, petition of Mrs. Francis Lee citizens of Alma, Mich., urging enactment of 972. Also, petition of Ellen E. Trumble and Woodward, Sr., and 22 citizei).s of Caldwell, House bill 2082, a measure to reduce absentee 12 citizens of Moscow, Idaho, urging enact Tex., urging enactment of House bill 2082, ism, conserve manpower, and speed produc ment of House, bill 2082, a measure to reduce a measure to reduce absenteeism, conserve tion of materials necessary for the winning of absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed manpower, an-d speed production of mate the war by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, production of materials necessary for the rials necessary for the winning of the war or transportation of alcoholic liquors in the winning of the war by prohibiting the manu by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or United States for the duration of the war; to facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic transportation of alcoholic liquors in the the Committee on the Judiciary. liquors in the United States for the duration United States for the duration of the war; 991. Also, petition of Rev. F. M. Wannkamp of the wm-; to the Committee on the to the Committee on the Judiciary. and 14 citizens of Alexandria, Va., urging im Judiciary. 982. Also, petition of Roy McMillan and 25 actment of House bill 2082, a measure tore~ 973. Also, petition of N. A. DePas and 29 citizens of Alma, Mich., urging enactment duce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and Citizens of Wilson, Mich., urging enactment of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce ab speed production of materials necessary for of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce ab senteeism, conserve manpower, and speed the winning of · the war by prohibiting the lienteeisrn, conserve manpower, ~nd speed production of materials necessary tor the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco- ,, 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5015 holic liquors in the United States for the dura power, and speed production of materials nec duration of the war; to the Committee on tbe tion of the war; to the Committee on the essary for the winning of the war, by prohib Judiciary. Judiciary. iting the manufacture, sale, or transportation 1011.' Also, petition of 79 citizens of Vir 992. Also, petition of Boyd R. Keck and 99 of alcoholic liquors in the United States for ginia urging enactment of House bill 2082, a citizens of Berwick, Pa., urging enactment of the duration of the war and until the ter measure to reduce ·absenteeism, conserve House bill 2082, a measure to reduce absentee mination of mobilization; to the Committee manpower, and speed production of materials ism, conserve manpower, and speed produc on the Judiciary. necessary to winning the war by prohibiting tion of materials necessary for the winning of 1002. By Mr. HERTER: Petition of several the manufacture, sale, or transportation of the war by prohibiting the manufacture sale, citizens of Massachusetts, urging favorable alcoholic liquors in the United States for the or transportation of alcoholic liquors in the consideration of House bill 2082, a bill pro duration of the war; to the Committee on United States for the duration of the war; hibiting the manufacture, sale, or transporta the Judiciary. to the Committee on the Judiciary. tion of alcoholic liquors in the United States 1012. Also, petition of Margaret A. Bower 993. By Mr. GRAHAM: Petition of 80 citi for the duration of the war; to the Committee an·d 45 citizens of Berwick, Pa., urging enact zens of Butler County, Pa., urging the pass~ge on the Judiciary. ment of House b111 2082, a measure to reduce of House bill 2082, introduced by Hon. JosEPH 1003 By Mr. SCHIFFLER: Petition of Mrs. absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed R. BRYSON, of South Carolina, to reduce ab Z. W. Ankron and a number of other citizens production of materials necessary for the senteeism, conserve manpower, and speed of New Martinsville, W. Va., sponsored by winning of the war by prohibiting the manu production of materials necessary for the win the women of the temperance union, urging facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic ning of the war, by prohibiting the manufac the passage of House bill 2082, to reduce ab liquors in the United States for the duration ture, sale, or transportation of alcoho~ic liq senteeism, conserve manpower, and speed pro of the war; to the Committee on the Judiciary. uors in the United States for the duration of duction of materials necessary for the win 1013. Also, petition of Mrs. Thomas W. Bit tlle war and until the termination of mobili ning of the war by prohibiting the manufac tle and 34 citizens of Myerstown, Pa., urging zation; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic liq enactment of House bill2082, a measure tore 994. By Mr. KEE: Petition of Mrs. C. I. uors in the United States for the duration of duce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and Cheyney and 42 other citizens and residents the war and until-the termination of mobiliz speed production of materials necessary for of Bluefield, W. Va., urging the passage by ation; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the winning of the war by prohibiting the Congress of House bill 2082 introduced by 1004. Also, petition of the National Associa manufacture, sale, or transportation of al Hon. JosEPH R. BR1"SON, of South Carolina, to tion of Retail Druggists, Chicago, Ill., urging coholic liquors in the United States for the reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and the passage of House bill 997 or its companion duration of the war; to the Committee on speed production of materials necessary for bill, Senate bill 216, providing for the creation the Judiciary. the winning of the war,' by prohibiting the of a Pharmacy .corps in the United States 1014. Also, petition of G. N. St. John and manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco Army; to the Committee on Military Affairs. 226 citizens of Virginia, urging enactment of holic liquors in the United States for the 1005. By Mr. BRYSON: Petition of Mrs. R. House bill 2082, a measure to reduce absen.;, duration of the war and until the termina J. Smith and 33 citizens of Millmont, Pa., teeism, conserve manpower, and speed pro tion of mobilization; to the Committee on urging enactment of House bill 2082,· a meas duction of materials necessary for the win the Judiciary. · ure' to reduce absenteeism, conserve man ning of the war by prohibiting the manufac 995. By Mr. McCOWEN: Petition of Mrs. power, and speed production of materials nec ture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic liq Alta M. Walker, Georgetown, Ohio, and 115 essary for the winning of the war by pro uors in the United States for the duration other citizens of Georgetown and Hamers hibiting the manufacture, sale, or transpor of the war; to the Committee on the Ju ville, Brown County, Ohio, and 20 other citi tation of alcoholic liquors in the United diciary. zens of Greenfield and other places in High States for the duration of the war; to the 1015. Also, petition of J. A. Boak and 51 land County, Ohio, urging Congress to pass Committee on the Judiciary. citizens of New Castle, Pa., urging enactment House bill 2082, to prohibit the manufacture, 1006. Also, petition of the Fidelis Class, of of House bill 2082, a measure to reduce ab sale, or transportation of alcoholic liquors in the First Baptist Church of Miama, Fla., urg senteeism, conserve manpower, and speed, the United States for the duration of the war ing enactment of House bill 2082, a measure production of materials necessary for the and until the termination of the mobiliza to reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, winning of the war by prohibiting the manu tion; to the Committee on the Judiciary. and speed production of materials necessary facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic 996 By Mr. McGREGOR: Petition bf for the winning of the war by prohibiting the liquors in the United States for the dura sundry citizens of Ohio petitioning the Con manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco tion of the war; to the Committee on the gress of the United States to pass House bill holic liquors in the United States for the Judiciary. 1 2082, introduced by Hon JOSEPH BRYSON, Of duration of the war; to the Committee on 1016. Also, petition of Rev. Charles A. South Carolina, to reduce absenteeism, con the Judiciary. Brown and 26 citizens of Pittsburgh, Pa., serve manpower, and speed production of 1007. Also, petition of Mrs. J. A. Rogers and urging enactment of House bill 2082, a meas• materials necessary for the winning of war, 25 citizens of Ithaca, Mich., urging enact ure to reduce absenteeism, conserve man by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or ment of House b111 2082, a measure to reduce power, and speed production of materials transportation of _alcoholic liquors in the absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed necessary for the winning of the war by pro United States for the puration of the war production of materials necessary for the win hibiting th3 manufacture, sale, or transporta and until the termination of mobilization; ning of the war by prohibiting the manufac tion of alcoholic liquors in the United States to the Committee on the Judiciary. ture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic for the duration of the war; to the Com 997. By Mr. LAMBERTSON: Petition of liquors in the United States for the duration mittee on the Judiciary. Maude B. Baxter and 100 other citizens of of the war; to the Committee on the Ju 1017. Also, petition of Clara B. Dawson and Kansas, urging the passage of House bill diciary. 50 members of the Free Methodist Church of 2082, because they are convinced that the 1008. Also, petition of the First Christian Pittsburgh, Pa., urging enactment of House liquor business is one of the most serious Church and 118 citizens of Miami, Fla., urging bill 2082, a measure to reduce absenteeism, hindrances to the winning of the war; to enactment of House bill 2082, a measure to conserve manpower, and speed production of the Committee on the Judiciary. reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and materials necessary for the winning of the 998. Also, petition of Carrie M. Newton, of speed production of materials necessary for war by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or Topeka, Kans., and 49 other citizens of the the winning of the war by prohibiting the transportation of alcoholic liquors in the State of Kansas, urging the Congress of the manufacture, sale, and transportation of al United States for the duration of the war; United States to pass House bill 2082, intro coholic liquors in the United States for the to the Committee on the Judiciary. duced by Han. JOSEPH R. BRYSON; to the duration of the war; to the Committee on the 1018. Also, petition of 40 citizens of Santa Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. • Monica, Calif., urging enactment of House 999. By Mr. SMITH of West Virginia: Peti 1009. Also, petition of 17 citizens of Alta, bill 2082, a measure to reduce absenteeism, tion of sundry residents of Nitro, W. Va., sup Iowa, urging enactment of House bill 2082, a conserve manpower, and speed production of porting House bill 2082, introduced by Hon. measure to reduce absenteeism, conserve materials necessary for the winning of the JosEPH R. BRYSON, of South Carolina; to thEf manpower, and speed production of materrals war by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or Committee on the Judiciary. necessary for the winning of the war by pro transportation of alcoholic liquors in the 1000. By Mrs. SMITH of Maine: Petition hibiting the manufacture, sale, or transpor United States for the duration of the war; ·or Rev. F. w. Domina and other citizens of tation of alcoholic liquors in the United to the Committee on the Judiciary. Livermore F.alls, Maine, to reduce absentee States for the duration; to the Committee 1019. Also, petition of Grace M. Hamilton ism, conserve manpower, and speed produc on the Judiciary. and 405 citizens of Wilton and other towns tion of materials necessary for the winning of 1010. ~so, petition of L. Austin Lippitt in New Hampshire, urging enactment of the war, by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, and 29 members of the Community Congre House bill 2082, a measure to reduce absen or transportation of alcoholic liquors 'in the gational Church of Austinburg, Ohio, urging teeism, conserve manpower, and speed pro United States for the duration of the war and enactment of House bill 2082, a measure to duction of materials necessary for the win until the termination of mobilization; to the reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and ning of the war by prohibiting the m~nu Committee on the Judiciary. speed production of materials necessary fdl' facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic 1001. Also, petition of Minnie E. Yates and the winning of the war, by prohibiting the liquors in the United States for the duration other citizens of Cantden and Rockland, manufa~ture, sale, or transportation of alco of the war; to the Committee on the Ju- Maine, to reduce absenteeism, conserve man- holic liquors 1n the United States for the diciary. · 5016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE . MAY 28 1020. Also, petition of 371 citizens of North of Kansas, supporting House Joint Resolu THE JOURNAL Charleston and other towns in New Hamp· tion 109, introduced by Mr. O'BRIEN, of Mich shir.e.. urging enactment of House bill 2082, igan, to provide.. for the recognition by the On request of Mr. HILL, and by unani a measure to retluce absenteeism, conserve United States Government of the provisional mous consent, the reading of the Journal manpower, and speed production of materials government of the Republic of Korea; to the of the proceedings of the calendar day necessary for the winning of the war by Committee on Foreign Affairs. Thursday, May 27, 1943, was· dispensed prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or trans· 1030. By the SPEAKER. Petition of A. H. with, and the Journal was approved. portation of alcoholic liquors in the United Landley, of New York, petitioning considera MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT States for the duration of the war; to the tion of their resolution with reference to a Committee on the Judiciary. recently granted Federal deposit insurance to Messages in writing from the Presi 1021. Also, petition of Luella E. Winter and 130 New York mutual-savings banks; to the dent of the United States submitting S3 citizens of Caldwell, Idaho, urging enact· Committee on the Judiciary. nominations were communicated to the ment of House bill 2082, a measure to pre· 1031. Also, petition of the omce of the city Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his secre serve manpower, reduce absenteeism, and clerk. city of Milwaukee, petitioning consid taries. speed production of materials necessary for eration of their resolution with reference to the winning of the war by prohibiting the post-war restoration of .Great Lakes shipping CALL OF THE ROLL manufacture, sale, or transportation of al· and commerce; to the Comm1t_1ee on Inter Mr. HILL. I suggest the absence of coholic liquors in the United States for the state and Foreign Commerce.· a quorum. duration of the war; to the Committee on the Judiciary. The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk 1022. Also, petition of Mrs. L. 0. Hunter will call the roll. and 23 citizens of Waldorf; Md., urging en· The Chief Clerk called the roll, and actment of House b111 2082, a meal)ure to SENATE the following Senators answered to their reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and names: speed production of materials necessary for FRIDAY, MAY 28,1943 At ken George overton the winning of the war by . prohibiting the Andrews Gerry Pepper manufacture, sale, or transportation of al· (Legislative day of Monday, May 24, Austin Gmette Radcl11l'e coholic liquors in the United States for the 1943) Bailey Green Reed duration of the war; to the Committee on the Ball Guffey Revercomb Bankhead Gurney Reynolds Judiciary. The Senate met at 11 o'clock a. m., on BUbo Hatch Robertson 1023. Also, petition of 17 citizens of Farm· the expiration of the recess. Bone Hawkes Russell 1ngton, Minn., urging enactment of House The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown Brewster Hayden Scrugham bill 2082, a measure to reduce absenteeism, Bridges Hlll Shipstead conserve manpower,,and speed production of Harris, D. D., offered the following Brooks Holman Smith materials necessary for the winning of the prayer: Buck Johnson, Colo. Stewart Burton La Follette Taft war by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or God of all hope, we bless Thee for the Bushfleld Langer Thomas, Okla. transportation of alcoholic liquors in the cleansing ministry of memory and for Butler Lodge Thomas, Utah United States for the duration of the war; BYrd Lucas Tobey to the Committee on the Judiciary. the rich heritage of. noble deeds. Look Capper McCa.rran Truman 1024. Also, petition of Mrs. Carl Samuel· upon us in pity and mercy as our Nation, Caraway McFarland Tunnell son and 17 citizens of Spicer, Minn., urging founded in Thy name, turns to its stirring Chandler McKellar Tydings Chavez McNary Vandenberg enactment of House b111 2082, a measure to past and to its warrior dead. In the flow Clark, Idaho Maloney VanNuys reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and ering splendor of Maytime's garden, even Clark, Mo. May bank Wagner speed production of materials necessary for as bugles are sounding to new battles for Connally Mead "· Wallgren the winning of the war by prohibiting the Danaher M1lllk.1n White manufacture, sale, or transportation of al· liberty's cause, prepare our hearts and Davis Moore Wiley coholic liquors in the United States for the minds for the sacramental journey to Downey Murray Wlllis - qUiet cities of the dead where, under Eastland Nye Wilson duration of the war; to the Committee on Ellender O'Danlel the Judiciary. their tents of green, sleep those whose Ferguson O'Mahoney 1025. Also, petition of Leta Anderson and lives were offered as freedom's shield. 66 citizens of Kinder, La., urging enactment We thank Thee for the thoughts which Mr. HnL. I announce that the Sen· of House b1ll 2082, a measure to reduce ab· make tender our hearts as on the yearly ator from Kentucky [Mr. BARKLEY], the senteeism, conserve manpower, and speed day of remembrance hallowing the white Senator from Virginia [Mr. GLASS], and production of materials necessary for the stones and grassy mounds which mark · the Senator from West Virginia [Mr. winning of the war by prohibiting the manu· their resting place, we come with rever KILGORE] are absent from the Senate facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic because of illness. l1cp10~s in the United States for the dura· ent step as loving arms are filled with tion of the war; to the Committee on the bright-hued blooms, emblems of the ever The Senator from Arkansas [Mr. Mc Judiciary. greens of gratitude and the forget-me CLELLAN], the Senator from Utah [Mr. 1026. Also, petition of Katherine Berry and nots of love. Save us from decorating MURDOCK), the Senator from Massachu 21 citizens of Spokane, Wash., urging enact tombs and at the same time desecrating setts [Mr. WALSH], and the Senator from ment of House b1ll 2082, a measure to reduce the costly heritage which it takes graves Montana [Mr. WHEELER] are detained on absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed to guarantee. important public business. production of materials necessary for the winning of the war by prohibiting the manu As our day of memorial comes, with Mr. McNARY. The Senator from New facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic misty eyes and with sorrowing pride we Jersey [Mr. BARBOUR] and the Senator liquors in the United States for the duration see the blue stars in flags of service which from Nebraska [Mr. WHERRY] are nec of the war; to the Committee on the day by day are turning to gold. In essarily absent. Judiciary. thought we leap the seas and walk amid The Senator from California [Mr. 1027. Also, petition of Glen B. Ogden and JoHNSON] is absent because of illness. 11 citizens of Colusa, Cali!., urging enact new crosses rising from consecrated ment of House blll 2082, a measure to reduce ground under alien skies. In this desper The Senator from Idaho [Mr. THoMAs] absenteeism, conserve manpower, and speed ate struggle against a pagan creed and is absent because of the death of his wife. production of materials necessary for the for a fairer world, steel our wills to en The VICE PRESIDENT. Eighty-five winning of the war by prohibiting the manu dure to the end as the dear sons and Senators have answered to their names. facture, sale, or transportation of alcohollc daughters of our hearths and hearts ride A quorum is present. liquors 1n the United States for the duration of the war; to the Committee on the off as valiant knights with waving plumes EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATION Judiciary. white as their steadfast purpose to battle The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the 1028. By Mr. LAMBERTSON: Petition of to the death if need bs_ against the pow Senate the following communication, Clara Alexander, of Topeka, Kans., and more ers of darkness. which was referred as indicated: than 100 other citizens of Kansas, urging passage of House bill 2082, to reduce absen "0 risen Lord, 0 shepherd of our dead, REPORT OF FEDERAL REAL ESTATE BOARD teeism, conserve manpower, and speed pro· Whose cross has bought them and A communication from the President of duction of materials necessary for winning whose star bath led, the United States, transmitting a. report of the war, by prohibiting the manufacture, -In glorious hope their proud and sor the Federal Real Estate Board (an interde sale, or transportation of alcoholic liquors in rowing lanci partmental agency) relatiJ.1,g to Federal con the United States; to the Committee on the Commits her children to Thy gracious tributions to States' and local governmental Judiciary. · band." units with respect to federally owned real 1029. Also, petition of Rev. J. E. Bartholo estate (with an accompanying report); to mew, of Topeka, Kans., and 16 other citizens In the dear Redeemer's name. Amen. the Committee on Public Lands and Surveys.