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The Lived Experience of Being a Hundred Years and Over
The lived experience of being a hundred years and over By Ashwina Naiker-Ratan A thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Health Research Victoria University of Wellington 2016 ABSTRACT The twentieth century has seen a decline in mortality after the age of eighty and an increase in survival rates of the oldest of the old. Centenarians (people over a hundred years of age) are the fastest growing group of this population in developed countries; however qualitative research on the oldest of the old is limited. The primary aim of this study was to gain an understanding of the essence of lived experiences and meanings of extended longevity as perceived by centenarians. It also aimed to explore the role of lifestyle characteristics, family, social, health and cultural factors in regards to their prolonged existence. The research was conducted with ten centenarians aged between 100 and 106 years living in the Lower North Island namely Wairarapa, Kapiti and Wellington of Aotearoa New Zealand. Biographical Narrative Interpretive Method of inquiry was used to guide the data collection through face-to-face interviews using unstructured open ended questions. Colazzi’s phenomenological framework was employed for data analysis. There were common patterns throughout the life stories related by the centenarians and resilience and acceptance of life was notable. The centenarians spoke nonchalantly about their experience of turning a hundred, describing their birthday as; “Just another day.” Positive personalities and resilient nature were prominent features of the participants who all expressed a sense of acceptance and satisfaction with life and contentment with living in the present. -
Longevity Extension from a Socioeconomic Perspective: Plausibility, Misconceptions, and Potential Outcomes
Sound Decisions: An Undergraduate Bioethics Journal Volume 2 Issue 1 Article 4 2016-12-15 Longevity Extension from a Socioeconomic Perspective: Plausibility, Misconceptions, and Potential Outcomes Eric Ralph University of Puget Sound Follow this and additional works at: https://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/sounddecisions Part of the Bioethics and Medical Ethics Commons Recommended Citation Ralph, Eric (2016) "Longevity Extension from a Socioeconomic Perspective: Plausibility, Misconceptions, and Potential Outcomes," Sound Decisions: An Undergraduate Bioethics Journal: Vol. 2 : Iss. 1 , Article 4. Available at: https://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/sounddecisions/vol2/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at Sound Ideas. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sound Decisions: An Undergraduate Bioethics Journal by an authorized editor of Sound Ideas. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ralph: Longevity Extension Longevity Extension from a Socioeconomic Perspective: Plausibility, Misconceptions, and Potential Outcomes Eric Ralph Introduction In the last several decades, a significant amount of progress has been made in pursuits to better understand the process of aging and subsequently gain some level of control over it. Current theories of aging are admittedly lacking, but this has not prevented biogerontologists from drastically increasing the longevity of yeast, drosophilae, worms, and mice (Vaiserman, Moskalev, & Pasyukova 2015; Tosato, Zamboni et al. 2007; Riera & Dillin 2015). Wide-ranging successes with gene therapy and increased comprehension of the genetic components of aging have also recently culminated in numerous successes in extending the longevity of animals and the first human trial of a gene therapy to extend life through telomerase manipulation is already underway, albeit on a small scale (Mendell et al. -
Worms Under Stress: Unravelling Genetic Complex Traits Through Perturbation
Worms under stress: unravelling genetic complex traits through perturbation Miriam Rodriguez Sanchez Thesis committee Promotor Prof. Dr Jaap Bakker Professor of Nematology Wageningen University Co-promotor Dr Jan E. Kammenga Associate professor, Laboratory of Nematology Wageningen University Other members Prof. Dr Bas J. Zwaan, Wageningen University Prof. Dr Hendrik.C. Korswagen, Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht Prof. Dr Ellen Nollen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), Groningen Dr Gino B. Poulin, University of Manchester, United Kingdom This research was conducted under the auspices of the Graduate School of Production Ecology and Resource Conservation (PE&RC). Worms under stress: unravelling genetic complex traits through perturbation Miriam Rodriguez Sanchez Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. M.J. Kropff, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Friday 14 March 2014 at 11 a.m. in the Aula. Miriam Rodriguez Sanchez Worms under stress: unravelling genetic complex traits through perturbation 130 pages PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2014) With references, with summaries in Dutch and English ISBN: 978-94-6173-851-6 A mi padre CONTENTS Contents Chapter 1 General Introduction ........................................................................... 3 Chapter 2 C. elegans stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging ................................................. 15 Chapter 3 Uncovering genotype specific variation of Wnt signaling in C. elegans .................................................................... 33 Chapter 4 Genetic variation for stress-response hormesis in C. elegans life span ......................................................................... 55 Chapter 5 Molecular confirmation of trans-regulatory eQTL in C. -
Chapter 9. Myths of Life Extension
Chapter 9. Myths of Life Extension Ever since humans became fully aware that they will get old and die, individuals must have wondered about the possibility of extending longevity, or achieving immortality on earth. This has resulted in innumerable myths relating to supposed examples of life-extension, one of the most notable being the 969 year lifespan of Methuselah, as recorded in the Bible. Christian fundamentalists are liable to say that in those days people lived much longer than they do today! These are many other claims, and far too many to list here. The Guiness Book of Records has stated that maximum lifespans of people and animals are some of the hardest records to document. Some of the claims of human longevity have occurred in the 20th century, and as in some cases they were initially accepted by scientists, and they provide good examples of how people are deceived. Many people living in the Caucasus region of the ex-Soviet Union claimed their ages were over 120 years, or even 160 years. There was even a touring troup of centenarian dancers, so it is not surprising the claims received wide publicity, and also wide acceptance. The oldest people were usually males which is intrinsically unlikely as human females live longer that males. Careful scrutiny of these cases, particularly by the gerontologist Zhores Medvedev, has shown that none are backed up by reliable records. In some cases, individuals took on the identity of their father, in others they exaggerated their age to escape military conscription, or they simply added on years, because the societies in which they lived respected the wisdom and experience of very old people. -
Do Actuaries Believe in Longevity Deceleration? Edouard Debonneuil, Stéphane Loisel, Frédéric Planchet
Do actuaries believe in longevity deceleration? Edouard Debonneuil, Stéphane Loisel, Frédéric Planchet To cite this version: Edouard Debonneuil, Stéphane Loisel, Frédéric Planchet. Do actuaries believe in longevity decelera- tion?. 2015. hal-01219270v2 HAL Id: hal-01219270 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01219270v2 Preprint submitted on 5 Aug 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. DO ACTUARIES BELIEVE IN LONGEVITY DECELERATION? Edouard Debonneuil Stéphane Loisel Frédéric Planchet* Univ Lyon - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISFA, Laboratoire SAF EA2429, F-69366, Lyon, France Prim’Act, 42 avenue de la Grande Armée, 75017 Paris, France ActuRx Version 2.0 du 05/08/2017 ABSTRACT As more and more people believe that significant life extensions may come soon, should commonly used future mortality assumptions be considered prudent? We find here that commonly used actuarial tables for annuitants – as well as the Lee-Carter model – do not extrapolate life expectancy at the same rate for future years as for past years; instead they produce some longevity deceleration. This is typically because their mortality improvements decrease after a certain age, and those age-specific improvements are constant over time. -
Life Extension Pseudoscience and the SENS Plan
Life Extension Pseudoscience and the SENS Plan Preston W. Estep III, Ph.D. President and CEO, Longenity Inc. Matt Kaeberlein, Ph.D. Department of Pathology University of Washington Pankaj Kapahi, Ph.D. Buck Institute for Age Research Brian K. Kennedy, Ph.D. Department of Biochemistry University of Washington Gordon J. Lithgow Ph.D. Buck Institute for Age Research George M. Martin, M.D. Department of Pathology University of Washington Simon Melov, Ph.D. Buck Institute for Age Research R. Wilson Powers III Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington Heidi A. Tissenbaum, Ph.D. Program in Gene Function and Expression Program in Molecular Medicine University of Massachusetts Medical School Abstract Recent scientific advances have taken gerontological research to challenging and exciting new frontiers, and have given many scientists increased confidence that human aging is to some degree controllable. We have been on the front lines of some of these developments and the speculative discussions they have engendered, and we are proud to be part of the increasingly productive biomedical effort to reduce the pathologies of aging, and age-associated diseases, to the greatest degree possible—and to extend healthy human life span to the greatest degree possible. In contrast to clearly justifiable speculations regarding future advances in human longevity a few have made claims that biological immortality is within reach. One, Aubrey de Grey, claims to have developed a “detailed plan to cure human aging” called Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence (SENS) [1, 2]. This is an extraordinary claim, and we believe that extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidentiary support. In supplementary material posted on the Technology Review web site we evaluate SENS in detail. -
Get Connected: Linking Older Adults with Resources on Medication, Alcohol, and Mental Health
GET CONNECTED Linking Older Adults with Resources on Medication, Alcohol, and Mental Health 2019 EDITION Acknowledgments The Get Connected Toolkit curriculum was developed under contract No. 00M008406 with the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) by the National Council on Aging (NCOA). Hanley-Hazelden donated both a brochure and video to this Toolkit partnership. Expert advice and guidance were provided by Eileen Elias and Jennifer Solomon (SAMHSA); Alixe McNeil, Nancy Whitelaw, and Ron Schoeffler (NCOA); Dr. Frederic Blow (University of Michigan); Melanie Starns (Administration on Aging); David Turner (Health Promotion Institute); Carol Colleran (Hanley- Hazelden); and Willard Mays (National Coalition on Mental Health & Aging). Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of SAMHSA or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Public Domain Notice With two exceptions, the materials contained in this Toolkit are in the public domain and may be reproduced at will. The video “It Can Happen to Anyone” was developed by Hanley-Hazelden and is subject to copyright law. Permission to SAMHSA to include both the video and brochure in this Toolkit was granted by the originators. Any reproduction of the video requires specific permission directly from Hanley-Hazelden. Citation of the source of materials in the public domain is appreciated. However, these federal products may not be reproduced or distributed for a fee without the specific, written authorization of the Office of Communications, SAMHSA, HHS. Electronic Access and Copies of Publication This publication may be downloaded or ordered at www.store.samhsa.gov, or call SAMHSA at 1–877–SAMHSA–7 (1–877–726–4727) (English and Español). -
The Source of the Gods' Immortality in Archaic Greek Literature1
The Source of the Gods' Immortality in Archaic Greek Literature1 Amit Baratz No other trait of the gods is envied by men as bitterly as their immortality. This abyss between men and gods is one of the main themes of ancient literature and archaic Greek literature is no exception. The gods of archaic literature are γένος αἰὲν ἐόντων (‘race of those who always are’), ἀθάνατοι (‘immortals’) and αἰειγενέται (‘ever-living’). This paper first examines the opinion of some scholars that the eternal life of the gods is closely related to their godly aliments ambrosia and nectar,2 and will further try to describe the relationship and weight of this observation with a more widespread archaic conception of gods’ immortality. Ambrosia and nectar, unlike many divine items, have no exact parallel in the human world, and can thus be called “mythical items”. Although they share a few qualities with the food and drink of men, their nature and functions depend mostly on the creative imagination of the poets who describe them.3 At times they are liquid, at other times solid; they are multi-functional, used as bathing cosmetics, preventers of stench, preservatives of corpses, and granters of immortality, but their main function is to serve as the nutriment of the gods.4 What, according to basic archaic understanding, is the purpose of this divine meal? What end does it serve in the lives of the gods? The first to address this question was Aristotle. In his Metaphysics, discussing the principles of perishable and imperishable things, he writes: The school of Hesiod (οἱ μὲν οὖν περὶ Ἡσίοδον) and all the mythologists (ὅσοι θεολόγοι) thought only of what was plausible to themselves, and had no regard to us. -
Do Actuaries Believe in Longevity Deceleration?
Do actuaries believe in longevity deceleration? Edouard Debonneuil(*), Frédéric Planchet, Stéphane Loisel ISFA, Longevity 11, 2015 (*) [email protected] Do actuaries believe in longevity 1 deceleration? Longevity 11, ISFA 2015 Do actuaries believe in longevity deceleration? • Part I. Extrapolation of the past • Part II. Taking a prudent view Do actuaries believe in longevity deceleration? Longevity 11, ISFA 2015 2 Modeling a neutral view EXAMPLE OF BELIEF In the absence of belief of whether Youth pill life expectancy increase faster in the future (e.g. biomedical discoveries) or not (e.g. pollution) Virus would you, for a central longevity scenario, rather consider same/lower/higher mortality improvements than in the past? mortality improvements Do actuaries believe in longevity deceleration? Longevity 11, ISFA 2015 3 Historical evolutions of life expectancy • « +1 quarter per year » • Piecewise lines +23% Louis Pasteur Jim Oeppen and James Vaupel (2002) : Jacques Vallin and France Meslé (2010) : Espérance de vie: peut-on Broken Limits to Life Expectancy. Science 296 gagner trois mois par an indéfiniment ? Population & Sociétés 473 In a central scenario, and in the absence of country-specific context, should life expectancy rather increase by +{20-25}% year per year? less? more? Do actuaries believe in longevity deceleration? Longevity 11, ISFA 2015 4 Lee Carter uses the same mortality improvements for the future as in the past; does it lead to +23% per year? • Extract from the original paper: • “While many methods assume an upper limit to the human life span (…) our method allows (…) the deceleration of life expectancy (…) without any special additional assumptions.” Lee Ronald and Lawrence Carter (1992) : Journal of the American Statistical Association. -
Better Humans
4. The man who wants to live forever Paul Miller and James Wilsdon It’s a bright October morning when Aubrey de Grey meets us at Cambridge station. The leaves are falling in the wind and mounting up in small piles on the station forecourt. de Grey is standing by his battered red racing bike, wearing scruffy white trainers, a fleece sweatshirt and jeans. His beard makes him easy to spot – a swirling mass of brown, red and grey hair reaching well below his chest. As we walk through the station car park he asks us about Demos – what it’s like, how it’s funded, what else we’re working on. He didn’t get the email we’d sent earlier that morning as he tends to get up late and work through the night. ‘At least it means that I’m awake at the right time when I go to conferences in America,’ he says. He tells us that in 2005 he gave 33 invited talks abroad. After a short walk, he locks his bike up outside a pub and marches inside. The barman gives a nod of recognition. ‘I’ve done loads of interviews here,’ he tells us, ‘usually at this table.’ He jokes with journalists that he will buy them a pint if they ask him a question he hasn’t heard before. What he has said at this table in this pub (as well as in journals and at conferences around the world) has caused no end of controversy. de Grey’s claim is that radical increases in human life expectancy will be possible within the next 20 to 30 years. -
New Intranasal and Injectable Gene Therapy for Healthy Life Extension
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.26.449305; this version posted June 26, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. New intranasal and injectable gene therapy for healthy life extension Subtitle: Intranasal and systemic telomerase and follistatin gene therapies to combat an unmet medical need, the effects of biological aging. Dabbu Kumar Jaijyan1*, Anca Selariu2*, Ruth Cruz-Cosme3, Mingming Tong4, Shaomin Yang5, George Church6, David Kekich2, Ali Fallah2, Junichi Sadoshima4, Qiyi Tang3, Elizabeth Parrish2†, Hua Zhu1† Affiliation 1. Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, 225 warren street, Newark, New Jersey. 07103, USA. 2. BioViva USA Inc, Delaware, United States. 3. Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington DC, 20059, USA. 4. Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, 185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. 5. Department of Pain Medicine and Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Pain Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China. 6. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. *Co-first authors, these authors contributed equally to this work. † Corresponding authors Abbreviations: CMV, cytomegalovirus; DPI, days post-Inoculation and days post-Infection, FST, follistatin; IVIS, In Vivo Imaging System; MCMV, mouse cytomegalovirus; NCD, Noncommunicable diseases; PFU, plaque-forming-unit; TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase; WHO, World Health Organization. -
Towards a Global Ethics: the Debate on Nanotechnology in the European Union and China
Towards a Global Ethics: The Debate on Nanotechnology in the European Union and China Sally Dalton-Brown A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Central Lancashire October 2013 Student Declaration Concurrent registration for two or more academic awards: I declare that while registered as a candidate for the research degree, I have not been a registered candidate or enrolled student for another award of the University or other academic or professional institution. Material submitted for another award: I declare that no material contained in the thesis has been used in any other submission for an academic award and is solely my own work. Signature of Candidate: Type of Award: PhD School: Health Abstract: Towards a Global Ethics: The Debate on Nanotechnology in the European Union and China The primary aim of the thesis is to assess whether ethical governance of Science and Technology is feasible as a global approach, using the example of nanotechnology. The thesis firstly compares ethical issues identified by stakeholders in China and the EU relating to the rapid introduction of a potentially transformative technology, namely nanotechnology. Part One of this thesis explores how the ‘narratives’ of nanotechnology differ in each region, particularly given their different bioethics contexts, and examines how specific concerns translate into policymaking. In questioning whether Eastern and Western approaches to nanotechnology governance can be aligned, one can observe that Europe is increasingly co- operating and competing with China. Such new interdependences between global actors require new global approaches to S&T policy, including ethical governance.