Università Di Bologna Facoltà Di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche E

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Università Di Bologna Facoltà Di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche E Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN Scienze Ambientali: tutela e gestione delle risorse naturali Ciclo XXIV 05/A1 - Botanica BIO/01 - Botanica Generale Algal wastewater treatment and biomass producing potential: nutrient removal efficiency and cell physiological responses Presentata da: Giulia Samorì Coordinatore Dottorato Relatore Prof. Enrico Dinelli Prof.ssa Rossella Pistocchi Esame finale anno 2012 2 Table of contents 1. AIM OF THE THESIS .................................................................................................. 7 2. BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................ 8 2.1 WASTEWATER TREATMENT METHODS AND MICROALGAE APPLICATION ...................... 8 2.1.1 Conventional Biological Treatment..................................................................... 9 2.1.2 Natural biological treatment and the depuration role of microalgae ............... 12 2.2 TECHNOLOGIES FOR MICROALGAE BIOMASS PRODUCTION ......................................... 15 2.2.1 Open ponds ........................................................................................................ 16 2.2.2 Closed photobioreactors.................................................................................... 19 2.3 ALGAE BIOFUELS ....................................................................................................... 21 2.3.1 Algae biofuels: a brief history ........................................................................... 23 2.3.2 Biomass conversion ........................................................................................... 24 2.3.3 Other applications of microalgae biomass extracts .......................................... 26 2.4 BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF ALGAE ............................................................ 27 2.4.1 Photosynthesis in Algae ..................................................................................... 27 2.4.2 CO 2 fixation and the photosynthetic carbon reduction (Calvin) cycle .............. 28 2.4.3 Algae lipids and biosynthesis ............................................................................ 30 2.4.4 Uptake of inorganic nutrients ............................................................................ 32 3. THE CHLOROPHYCEAE GENERA SCENEDESMUS AND DESMODESMUS ............................................................................................................. 35 3.1 MICROALGAE IDENTIFICATION .................................................................................. 36 4. EXPERIMENTAL SECTION .................................................................................... 38 4.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS ....................................................................................... 38 4.1.1 Microalgae isolation and community composition ........................................... 38 4.1.2 Culture medium ................................................................................................. 40 4.1.3 Measurement of cell growth .............................................................................. 40 4.1.4 Determination of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite concentration .......................... 41 4.1.5 Determination of reactive phosphorus .............................................................. 42 4.1.6 Extraction and fractionation of total lipids ....................................................... 42 4.1.7 Determination of total fatty acids ...................................................................... 42 3 4.1.8 Determination of protein content ...................................................................... 43 4.1.9 Determination of carbohydrate content ............................................................ 43 4.1.10 Determination of chlorophyll a content ........................................................... 44 4.1.11 Biomass elemental composition....................................................................... 44 4.1.12 Induction curves .............................................................................................. 44 4.1.13 Rapid light curves and photosynthetic parameters measurements ( α, E k and rETR max ) ...................................................................................................................... 47 4.1.14 Statistical analysis ........................................................................................... 48 4.2 EFFECTS OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER ON CELL GROWTH AND CELL COMPOSITION OF AN AUTOCHTHONOUS STRAIN OF DESMODESMUS COMMUNIS AND OF A NATURAL MICROALGAE CONSORTIUM ............................................................................................. 49 4.2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 49 4.2.2 Overview of experiments ................................................................................... 50 4.2.3 Results and Discussion ...................................................................................... 52 4.2.4 Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 74 4.3 INDUCTION OF LIPID SYNTHESIS IN DESMODESMUS COMMUNIS CULTURE GROWN IN URBAN WASTEWATERS .................................................................................................... 75 4.3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 75 4.3.2 Overview of experiments ................................................................................... 76 4.3.3 Results and Discussion ...................................................................................... 76 4.3.4 Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 96 4.4 ALGAE GROWTH AND NITROGEN REMOVAL IN SMALL SCALE SEMI - CONTINUOUS DESMODESMUS COMMUNIS CULTURE IN VIEW OF URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT ...... 97 4.4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 97 4.4.2 Overview of experiments ................................................................................... 98 4.4.3 Results and Discussion ...................................................................................... 98 4.4.4 Conclusions ..................................................................................................... 124 5. BASELINE STUDY ON THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT PERFORMANCE AND ALGAL BIOMASS PRODUCTIVITY OF AN OPEN POND PILOT PLANT .................................................................................................. 126 5.1 PILOT PLANT LAYOUT .............................................................................................. 128 5.2 ROUTING MONITORING AND MAINTENANCE ............................................................ 130 5.3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES .................................................................................. 130 4 5.4 METHODS ................................................................................................................ 132 5.4.1. Measurement of biomass production .............................................................. 132 5.4.2 Determination of ammonium ........................................................................... 132 5.4.3 Determination of nitrate and nitrite ................................................................ 132 5.4.4 Determination of reactive phosphorus ............................................................ 133 5.4.5 Biochemical oxygen demand ........................................................................... 133 5.4.6 Settling tests ..................................................................................................... 133 5.4.7 Algae observations and identifications ............................................................ 133 5.4.8 Temperature and pH ........................................................................................ 134 5.4.9 Dissolved oxygen ............................................................................................. 134 5.4.10 Weather data.................................................................................................. 134 5.4.11 Quality assurance and quality control .......................................................... 135 5.5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ....................................................................................... 135 5.6 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................... 146 6. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................... 147 7. REFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 151 8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................... 161 5 6 1. Aim of the thesis The concept of microalgae cultivation as an integrated system in wastewater treatment has optimized the potential of the microalgae - based biofuel production. Microalgal biomass contains lipids, polysaccharides, proteins, pigments and other cell compounds, and it can provide different kinds of biofuels such as biodiesel, biomethane and ethanol; these microorganisms can also be used to
Recommended publications
  • Diversity of the Genera of Chlorophyta in Fresh Waters of District Swat Nwfp
    Pak. J. Bot., 43(3): 1759-1764, 2011. DIVERSITY OF THE GENERA OF CHLOROPHYTA IN FRESH WATERS OF DISTRICT SWAT N.W.F.P PAKISTAN ASGHAR ALI1, ZABTA KHAN SHINWARI2 AND MUHAMMAD KHAN LEGHARI3 1Department of Botany, G.P.G. Jahanzeb College Swat, Pakistan 2Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan 3Pakistan Museum of Natural History, Islamabad, Pakistan Abstract Fifty six genera of green algae were collected from ten different localities of District Swat, belonging to 25 families and 9 genera of Chlorophyta from December 2006 August 2008. Family Oocystaceae with 39 species was most commonly found, next to it were families Scenedesmaceae with18 species and Desmidiaceae with 14 species. The genera Oocystis and Tetraedron were represented by 10 species and Cosmarium with 7 species occurred most commonly. Among the recorded genera 13 (23.2%) were Unicellular, 25 (44.6%) were Colonial, 9 (16.7%) were Unbranched filamentous, 4 (7.1%) were branched filamentous, 1 (1.7%) was Pseudofilamentous, 1 (1.7%) was Mesh-like, 2 (3.5%) were Heterotrichous and 1 (1.7%) was with Irregular amorphous thallus. Highest proportion of Chlorophycean members was recorded from Kanju area 89 and lowest was recorded from Kalam 69. Introduction Results and Discussion The Valley of Swat a part of Malakand Division covers Fifty six genera containing 138 species belonging to 25 5737 square kilometers (estimated). The elevation of the families and 9 orders have been collected from various fresh valley is 630 to 3000m above sea level. Swat is located at a water habitats. Collected algal members were identified up to distance of 170 km from Peshawar and 270 km from Federal species level.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Algal Species Composition of Alpine Lake Nesamovyte (Eastern Carpathians, Ukraine) from 100 Years Ago to Present †
    Proceedings Changes in Algal Species Composition of Alpine Lake Nesamovyte (Eastern Carpathians, Ukraine) from 100 Years Ago to Present † Petro M. Tsarenko 1, Olena P. Bilous 2,*, Olha M. Kryvosheia-Zakharova 1, Halyna H. Lilitska 1, Yuriy Malakhov 3 and Janne Soininen 4 1 M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereschenkivska Str. 2, 01004 Kyiv, Ukraine; [email protected] (P.M.T.); [email protected] (O.M.K-Z.); [email protected] (H.H.L.) 2 Institute of Hydrobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Geroiv Stalingrada 12, 04210 Kyiv, Ukraine 3 Ecocare Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; [email protected] 4 Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] † Presented at the 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution, 15– 31 March 2021; Available online: https://bdee2021.sciforum.net/. Abstract: The species diversity of algae in different ecotopes of the alpine lake Nesamovyte was studied. In total, 233 species were identified comprising globally and regionally rare species. We also documented a temporal change in species composition from the first investigations conducted 100 years ago to present. An increase in the species diversity of Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta, the constancy of the number of Euglenophyta and Cyanoprocaryota species, a decrease in the composition Citation: Tsarenko, P.M.; Bilous, of Charophyta and the disappearance of Dinophyta species were revealed. We further documented O.P.; Kryvosheia-Zakharova, O.M.; Lilitska, H.H.; Malakhov, Y.; Soin- some changes in the most abundant species and indicator species for certain limnological condi- inen, J.
    [Show full text]
  • Sphaeropleales) from Periyar River, Kerala
    International Journal of Botany Studies ISSN: 2455-541X; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.12 Received: 14-11-2020; Accepted: 29-11-2020: Published: 13-12-2020 www.botanyjournals.com Volume 5; Issue 6; 2020; Page No. 482-488 A systematic account of scenedesmaceae (sphaeropleales) from Periyar River, Kerala Jayalakshmi PS*, Jose John Centre for Post Graduate Studies and Advanced Research, Department of Botany, Sacred Heart College, Thevara, Kochi, Kerala, India Abstract The present study deals with the systematic account of 28 taxa of family Scenedesmaceae, order Sphaeropleales, (formerly belonging to the order Chlorococcales), collected from Periyar River in Kerala. They include the genera, namely, Acutodesmus (1), Desmodesmus (7), Scenedesmus (7), Tetradesmus (4), Westella (1), Coelastrum (5) Hariotina (1), Asterarcys (1) and Dimorphococcus (1). Out of these, three taxa are new to Kerala and most of them are new records from Periyar River. Keywords: Chlorococcales, chlorophyceae, freshwater algae, biodiversity, new report to Kerala 1. Introduction samples were deposited in the Phycology Division, The Chlorococcales comprises of an interesting group of Department of Botany, Sacred Heart College, Thevara, green algae represented by non-motile unicellular or Kochi, Kerala. colonial forms. Most of the members are aquatic and microscopic in nature but some may be macroscopic forms. 3. Results and Discussion Among planktonic Chlorococcales, Scenedesmaceae is one A total of twenty-eight taxa have been collected during the of most diversified and ubiquitous families in freshwater study period. They belong to the genera Acutodesmus (1), ecosystems. On the basis of morphology, Komárek & Fott Desmodesmus (7), Scenedesmus (7), Tetradesmus (4), included Scenedesmaceae in the order Chlorococcales Westella (1), Coelastrum (5) Hariotina (1), Asterarcys (1) (Chlorophyceae), while the family was transferred to the and Dimorphococcus (1).
    [Show full text]
  • Spring Phytoplankton and Periphyton Composition: Case Study from a Thermally Abnormal Lakes in Western Poland
    Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 36: 17-24, 2014 BRC www.brc.amu.edu.pl DOI 10.2478/biorc-2014-0010 Submitted 27.02.2014, Accepted 27.12.2014 Spring phytoplankton and periphyton composition: case study from a thermally abnormal lakes in Western Poland Lubomira Burchardt1*, František Hindák2, Jiří Komárek3, Horst Lange-Bertalot4, Beata Messyasz1, Marta Pikosz1, Łukasz Wejnerowski1, Emilia Jakubas1, Andrzej Rybak1 & Maciej Gąbka1 1Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland 2Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 14, 84523 Bratislava, Slovakia 3Institute of Botany AS CR, Dukelská 135, 37982 Třeboň, Czech Republic 4Botanisches Institut der Universität, Johann Wolfgang Goethe – Universität, Siesmayerstraße 70, 60054 Frankfurt am Main, Germany * corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: Getting to know the response of different groups of aquatic organisms tested in altered thermal environments to environmental conditions makes it possible to understand processes of adaptation and limitation factors such as temperature and light. Field sites were located in three thermally abnormal lakes (cooling system of power plants), in eastern part of Wielkopolska region (western Poland): Pątnowskie, Wąsosko-Mikorzyńskie and Licheńskie. Water temperatures of these lakes do not fall below 10°C throughout the year, and the surface water temperature in spring is about 20˚C. In this study, we investigated the species structure of the spring phytoplankton community in a temperature gradient and analyzed diversity of periphyton collected from alien species (Vallisneria spiralis) and stones. 94 taxa belonging to 56 genera of algae (including phytoplankton and periphyton) were determined. The highest number of algae species were observed among Chlorophyta (49), Bacillariophyceae (34) and Cyanobacteria (6).
    [Show full text]
  • Scenedesmaceae (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) De Duas Áreas Do Pantanal Dos Marimbus (Baiano E Remanso), Chapada Diamantina, Estado Da Bahia, Brasil1
    Hoehnea 42(3): 549-566, 4 fig., 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-03/2015 Scenedesmaceae (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) de duas áreas do Pantanal dos Marimbus (Baiano e Remanso), Chapada Diamantina, Estado da Bahia, Brasil1 Geraldo José Peixoto Ramos2,4, Carlos Eduardo de Mattos Bicudo3 e Carlos Wallace do Nascimento Moura2 Recebido: 6.01.2015; aceito: 6.05.2015 ABSTRACT - (Scenedesmaceae (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) from two areas of the Marimbus Pantanal (Baiano and Remanso), Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil). This work deal with the taxonomy of the Family Scenedesmaceae from Marimbus Pantanal, Environmental Protection Area Marimbus-Iraquara, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil. Samples from the periphyton and plankton were collected in two areas of the Marimbus Pantanal (Baiano and Remanso) during the dry season (April, June, and August 2011) and the rainy season (October, December 2011, and February 2012). This study describes 27 taxa, including 18 additions to the phycological flora of Bahia. Keywords: coccoid green algae, Coelastrum, Desmodesmus, Scenedesmus, taxonomy RESUMO - (Scenedesmaceae (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) de duas áreas do Pantanal dos Marimbus (Baiano e Remanso), Chapada Diamantina, Estado da Bahia, Brasil). Este estudo trata do estudo taxonômico da família Scenedesmaceae do Pantanal dos Marimbus, Área de Proteção Ambiental Marimbus-Iraquara, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil. As amostras provenientes do perifíton e do plâncton foram coletadas em duas áreas do Pantanal dos Marimbus (Baiano e Remanso), durante o período seco (abril, junho e agosto de 2011) e o período chuvoso (outubro, dezembro de 2011 e fevereiro de 2012). São descritos 27 táxons, dos quais 18 são adições a flora ficológica da Bahia.
    [Show full text]
  • Assemblage Structure and Population Dynamics of Phytoplankton in a Brackish Coastal Creek, Badagry, Southwest Nigeria
    Journal of Applied Life Sciences International 13(4): 1-22, 2017; Article no.JALSI.35676 ISSN: 2394-1103 Assemblage Structure and Population Dynamics of Phytoplankton in a Brackish Coastal Creek, Badagry, Southwest Nigeria Balogun Kayode James1* 1Department of Biological Oceanography, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Victoria Island, P.M.B. 12729, Lagos, Nigeria. Author’s contribution The sole author designed, analyzed and interpreted and prepared the manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/JALSI/2017/35676 Editor(s): (1) Purnachandra Nagaraju Ganji, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, USA. Reviewers: (1) Ibrahim Muhammad Magami, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Nigeria. (2) Jorge Castro Mejia, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, Mexico. (3) Aba Mustapha, IbnTofail University, Morocco. (4) Yayan Mardiansyah Assuyuti, State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sciencedomain.org/review-history/21115 Received 25th July 2017 th Original Research Article Accepted 18 September 2017 Published 23rd September 2017 ABSTRACT Aims: The objectives of the study were to determine phytoplankton assemblage structure in Badagry creek; to examine spatial-seasonal variations of abiotic factors and to assess their effects on it. Study Design: Stratified random sampling. Place and Duration of Study: Nine sampling stations were selected in Badagry creek to represent its three different areas/zones (upper, middle and lower). Three stations randomly chosen in each zone and sampled on bimonthly basis for two years beginning from November 2011 between 9.00 and 12:00 hours. Methodology: Water and phytoplankton samples were collected and analyzed bi-monthly for two years from each station using standard methods.
    [Show full text]
  • A Phylogenetic Study on Scenedesmaceae with The
    Fottea, Olomouc, 13(2): 149–164, 2013 149 In memorium to the phycologists Antal Schmidt, Hungary and Theodor Holtmann, Germany. A phylogenetic study on Scenedesmaceae with the description of a new species of Pectinodesmus and the new genera Verrucodesmus and Chodatodesmus (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) Eberhard HEGEWALD1*, Christina BOCK2 & Lothar KRIENITZ3 1 D–52382 Niederzier, Grüner Weg 20, Germany; *Corresponding author e–mail: [email protected] 2 University Duisburg–Essen, Department General Botany, Universitätsstr. 5, D–45141 Essen, Germany 3 Leibniz–Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, D–16775 Stechlin–Neuglobsow, Germany Abstract: A comparative study of the phylogeny of Scenedesmaceae based on rRNA gene sequences (ITS1/5.8S/ITS2), cell morphology and cell wall ultrastructure resulted in the acceptance of the genus Acutodesmus and the description of the new genera Verrucodesmus and Chodatodesmus. A new species Pectinodesmus holtmannii and 11 new combinations were erected: Chodatodesmus mucronulatus, Verrucodesmus verrucosus, V. parvus, Pectinodesmus pectinatus f. tortuosus, Acutodesmus bajacalifornicus, A. bernardii, A. deserticola, A. dissociatus, A. distendus, A. nygaardii, A. obliquus var. dactylococcoides. It was shown that the new genera Verrucodesmus and two of the Chodatodesmus strains have enlarged ITS2 helices (helix I in Verrucodesmus and helix III in Chodatodesmus). The occurrence of zoospores of Scenedesmaceae in nature was discussed. Key words: Acutodesmus, Chlorophyta, Chodatodesmus, 5.8S, ITS1, ITS2, Pectinodesmus, Scenedesmaceae, Taxonomy, Verrucodesmus, zoospores INTRODUCTION et al. 2003). Subgenera of Scenedesmus were first erected The genus Scenedesmus was interpreted in a broad by CHODAT (1926) (see also KIRIAKOV 1976; HEGEWALD sense that included many species with very different 1978). Based upon electron microscopy, the mainly morphological characters (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Systematics of Coccal Green Algae of the Classes Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae
    School of Doctoral Studies in Biological Sciences University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice Faculty of Science SYSTEMATICS OF COCCAL GREEN ALGAE OF THE CLASSES CHLOROPHYCEAE AND TREBOUXIOPHYCEAE Ph.D. Thesis Mgr. Lenka Štenclová Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Jan Kaštovský, Ph.D. University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice České Budějovice 2020 This thesis should be cited as: Štenclová L., 2020: Systematics of coccal green algae of the classes Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae. Ph.D. Thesis Series, No. 20. University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, School of Doctoral Studies in Biological Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic, 239 pp. Annotation Aim of the review part is to summarize a current situation in the systematics of the green coccal algae, which were traditionally assembled in only one order: Chlorococcales. Their distribution into the lower taxonomical unites (suborders, families, subfamilies, genera) was based on the classic morphological criteria as shape of the cell and characteristics of the colony. Introduction of molecular methods caused radical changes in our insight to the system of green (not only coccal) algae and green coccal algae were redistributed in two of newly described classes: Chlorophyceae a Trebouxiophyceae. Representatives of individual morphologically delimited families, subfamilies and even genera and species were commonly split in several lineages, often in both of mentioned classes. For the practical part, was chosen two problematical groups of green coccal algae: family Oocystaceae and family Scenedesmaceae - specifically its subfamily Crucigenioideae, which were revised using polyphasic approach. Based on the molecular phylogeny, relevance of some old traditional morphological traits was reevaluated and replaced by newly defined significant characteristics.
    [Show full text]
  • (PHILIPPINES) Eldrin DLR. Arguelles*1, Rosario G
    TAXONOMY AND SPECIES COMPOSITION OF EPIPHYTIC ALGAE IN STA. CRUZ RIVER, LAGUNA (PHILIPPINES) Eldrin DLR. Arguelles*1, Rosario G. Monsalud1 Address(es): 1Philippine National Collection of Microorganisms, National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (BIOTECH), University of the Philippine Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines, 4031. *Corresponding author: [email protected] https://doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.2039 ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received 15. 8. 2019 Algal epiphytes attached on three dominant aquatic macrophytes (Pistia striatotes, Eichhornia crassipes and Ipomoea aquatic) were Revised 7. 8. 2021 investigated as part of a preliminary study on the ecological assessment of Sta. Cruz River, which has been used primarily for Accepted 12. 8. 2021 agriculture and fishery. In total, 22 algal taxa were identified on the studied macrophytes: 8 Chlorophyta, 4 Cyanobacteria, 7 Published xx.xx.201x Bacillariophyta, and 3 Euglenophyta. The taxa in this paper represent 8 classes, 16 orders, 20 families, 22 genera and 22 species based on the latest algal taxonomical nomenclature. Among these taxa, the existence of a rare filamentous cyanobacteria, Planktothrix compressa (Utermöhl) Anagnostidis et Komárek is described for the first time in the Philippines. A species of diatom is also reported in Regular article this study for the first time based on recent algal taxonomic nomenclature and this is Ulnaria ulna (Nitzsch) Compère that is based on the former name of Synedra ulna (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg. These taxonomic records proved that aquatic macrophytes represents a unique habitat for novel and diverse types of algal flora, which demands further investigations in the country. Keywords: Epiphytic algae, macrophytes, Philippines, river, taxonomy INTRODUCTION nutrients within the vertical expanse of the water column, inhibiting algal epiphytes as well as other submerged macrophytes from acquiring enough Macrophytes are aquatic and amphibious plants found in the littoral zones of resources for growth and survival (Schramm & Jirka, 1989).
    [Show full text]
  • 낙동강 하구역 식물플랑크톤 생물상 변동과 출현종 고찰 Literature Survey on the Phytoplankton Flora In
    Original Article 한수지 46(4), 467-487, 2013 Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 46(4),467-487, 2013 낙동강 하구역 식물플랑크톤 생물상 변동과 출현종 고찰 정익교1,2*ㆍ김남림1ㆍ송은혜1ㆍ이지은2ㆍ이상래2 부산대학교 해양학과1, 부산대학교 해양연구소2 Literature Survey on the Phytoplankton Flora in the Nakdong River Estuary, Korea Ik Kyo Chung1,2*, Nam Lim Kim1 Eun Hye Song1, Jee Eun Lee2 and Sang-Rae Lee2 1Department of Oceanography, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea 2Marine Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea Long-term and systematic monitoring of phytoplankton is important, as phytoplankton serve as indicators of water quality status in aquatic environments. In the present study, the plankton community structure of the Nakdong River estuary over the past 30 years was investigated by literature survey to provide references for the occurrence of plank- tonic species. A total of 876 species from 18 taxonomic lineages were reported and, among them, 569 species were identified to occur seasonally at the Mulgeum, Seonam and Eulsukdo sites. Diatoms and chlorophytes were dominant in the microscopic studies. The 54 species at the Mulgeum and the 96 species at the Eulsukdo sites have not been reported since the river barrage construction in 1987. The majority of reports speculate that there has been a change in the aquatic environment, particularly the plankton community structure, due to operation of a river barrage since 1987. Key Words: Phytoplankton community structure, Nakdong River estuary, Light microscopy, River barrage 서 론 모니터링이 필요하다. 낙동강은 우리나라에서 두 번째 긴 강으로 유역의 식수원, 농 플랑크톤은 바다, 강, 호수 등 수생태계의 표영계 상부에 서식 공업 용수원으로 중요 수자원으로 쓰이고 있다.
    [Show full text]
  • Chlorococcales, Chlorophyceae) No Estado De São Paulo: Levantamento Florístico
    LUCIANA RUFINO GODINHO Família Scenedesmaceae (Chlorococcales, Chlorophyceae) no Estado de São Paulo: levantamento florístico. Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente do Estado de São Paulo, como parte dos requisitos exigidos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente, Área de Concentração Plantas Avasculares e Fungos em Análises Ambientais. São Paulo, SP 2009 ii LUCIANA RUFINO GODINHO Família Scenedesmaceae (Chlorococcales, Chlorophyceae) no Estado de São Paulo: levantamento florístico. Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente do Estado de São Paulo, como parte dos requisitos exigidos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente, Área de Concentração Plantas Avasculares e Fungos em Análises Ambientais. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Carlos Eduardo de Mattos Bicudo São Paulo, SP 2009 iii Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pela Seção de Biblioteca do Instituto de Botânica Godinho, Luciana Rufino G585f Família Scenedesmaceae (Chlorococcales, Chlorophyceae) no estado São Paulo: levantamento florístico / Luciana Rufino Godinho -- São Paulo, 2009. 204 p. il. Tese (Doutorado) -- Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente, 2009 Bibliografia. 1. Algas. 2. Scenedesmaceae. 3. Taxonomia. I. Título CDU: 582.26 iv Dedico este trabalho ao Prof. Augusto A. Comas G. e à minha querida avó Benedita Rodrigues Godinho v Os ventos que às vezes tiram algo que amamos são os mesmos que trazem algo que aprendemos a amar. Por isso, não devemos chorar pelo que nos foi tirado e sim aprender a amar o que nos foi dado, pois tudo aquilo que é realmente nosso nunca se vai para sempre.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genus Desmodesmus (Scenedesmaceae, Sphaeropleales) in the State of Goiás (Brazil)
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIODIVERSIDADE VEGETAL FAMÍLIA SCENEDESMACEAE (CHLOROPHYCEAE, SPHAEROPLEALES) NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS: BIODIVERSIDADE E DISTRIBUIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA GOIÂNIA 2015 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIODIVERSIDADE VEGETAL FAMÍLIA SCENEDESMACEAE (CHLOROPHYCEAE, SPHAEROPLEALES) NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS: BIODIVERSIDADE E DISTRIBUIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA Renato Silva Oliveira Trabalho apresentado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal da Universidade Federal de Goiás, como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biodiversidade Vegetal. Orientadora: Dra. Ina de Souza Nogueira GOIÂNIA 2015 i Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação na (CIP) GPT/BC/UFG Oliveira, Renato FAMÍLIA SCENEDESMACEAE (CHLOROPHYCEAE, SPHAEROPLEALES) NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS: BIODIVERSIDADE E DISTRIBUIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA [manuscrito] / renato Oliveira. - 2015. CV, 105 f.: il. Orientador: Prof. Ina Nogueira. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal, Goiânia, 2015. Bibliografia. Anexos. Inclui siglas, mapas, fotografias, abreviaturas, símbolos, tabelas, lista de figuras, lista de tabelas. 1. Desmodesmus. 2. Florística. 3. Scenedesmus. 4. Ultraestrutura. I. Nogueira, Ina, orient. II. Título.I. Título. CDU 581 ii As mulheres da minha vida, LUZIA, SWELLEN e ISADORA, Por todo amor que sinto Por estas vidas tão valorosas. Aos meus avós, VENINO e MARIA CÂNDIDA, Pelo exemplo de vida que vocês foram, eterna saudade. iv AGRADECIMENTOS A Dra Ina de Souza Nogueira, pela oportunidade concedida, por fazer parte da concretização deste sonho, fazer o mestrado. Ao Dr. Leandro Gonçalves Oliveira, pelo espaço gentilmente cedido em seu laboratório LAMARH, além de toda cordialidade durante o período de convivência.
    [Show full text]