DOCSLIB.ORG

Gendering Legislative Behavior: Institutional Constraints and Collaboration Tiffany D

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gendering Legislative Behavior: Institutional Constraints and Collaboration Tiffany D Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-14319-7 - Gendering Legislative Behavior: Institutional Constraints and Collaboration Tiffany D. Barnes Index More information Index Alcañiz, Isabella, 8 , 17 majority parties in, 65 – 7 Alemán, Eduardo, 4n4 , 5 , 10 , 14 , 26 , 29 , 52 , Mendoza, 51 – 2 , 56 – 8 , 66 – 7 , 123 , 134 – 5 , 54 , 59 – 60 146 , 219 Alexander, Amy C., 24n5 , 33 – 5 Misiones, 71 , 166 Alexander, Deborah, 32 party ideology in, 139 – 40 , 160 Alles, Santiago, 11 – 12 , 14 , 227 Río Negro, 57 , 83 , 96 – 7 , 143 , 166 Ames, Barry, 37 Salta, 14 , 22 – 3 , 53 – 4 , 57 , 67 , 69 , 73 , 82 , Andersen, Kristi, 32 86n14 , 87 , 101 , 104 , 106 , 123 , 143 – 4 , Anzia, Sarah F., 29 146 , 168 , 222 – 3 , 230 Archenti, Nélida, 12 , 200 San Juan, 14 Argentina San Luis, 80 , 82 Argentine National Congress, 38 , 54n4 , Santa Cruz, 14 , 55n5 166 , 228 Santa Fe, 82 , 96 cultural diversity in, 30 Tierra del Fuego, 83 , 147n6 provincial legislatures, 8 , 11 – 12 , 76 , 89 , 91 , variation among, 11 , 14 – 15 , 60 , 97 , 172 123 , 146 , 153 , 226 Argimón, Beatriz, 197 , 201 – 3 Buenos Aires, 53 , 96 – 7 , 141 , 166 – 7 Arnold, Laura W., 31 , 192 Catamarca, 57 , 82 – 3 , 103 , 136 , 169 – 70 at-large district, 76 – 7 , 123 – 4 , 124n7 , 136 , Chaco, 57 , 83 141 , 158 , 166 , 169 – 70 Chubut, 12 , 14 , 55 , 83 , 97 Atkeson, Lonna Rae, 31 , 40 , 108 Córdoba, 10 , 56 , 65 – 6 , 71 , 80n2 , 81n3 , autonomous women’s movements, 183 , 209 , 85 – 8 , 118 , 123 , 134 , 166 , 169 221 , 224 Corrientes, 81 , 87 , 96 determinants of leadership Bækgaard, Martin, 32 , 40 appointments, 101 – 2 backlash, 32 , 40 , 107 , 217 Entre Ríos, 55 , 85 , 86n14 , 143 , 158 Baldez, Lisa, 47 , 159 Federal District, 8 , 57 – 8 , 83 , 97 , 100 – 1 , Balla, Steven J., 27 106 , 202 Barnes, Tiffany D., 5 – 6 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 29 , 31 – 2 , Formosa, 97 35 , 40 , 46 , 48 , 54 , 59 , 65 – 6 , 84 , 86 – 8 , general legislation committee, 84 – 5 108 , 113 , 138n21 , 139 – 40 , 160 , 208 , governor’s parties in, 28 – 9 , 43 – 5 , 50 , 217 , 223 61 – 5 , 138 , 144 – 52 , 170 Bassell, Leah, 223 Jujuy, 56 , 66 , 69 – 70 , 116 – 17 , 123 , Bauer, Gretchen, 104 , 183 129 – 30 , 136 , 153 Beaman, Lori, 35 265 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-14319-7 - Gendering Legislative Behavior: Institutional Constraints and Collaboration Tiffany D. Barnes Index More information 266 Index Beaulieu, Emily, 32 , 35 Carroll, Susan, 32 Beckwith, Karen, 33 , 40 – 1 , 46 – 7 , 104 , 159 , 166 Cassese, Erin C., 139 , 223 Bernhard, William, 26 , 56 Castellanos, Angela, 197 , 202 – 3 Bicameral Committee for Gender and Diversity Caul, Miki, 225 in the Mendoza, Argentina, 52 see also Kittilson Bicameral Women’s Caucus, Uruguay, 198 , Chappell, Louise, 16 , 33 199 , 201 – 2 Cheibub, José Antonio, 28 – 9 bill cosponsorship Christensen, Martin K., 217 as collaboration measure 2 , 10 , 18 , 52 – 4 Clark, Jennifer H., 140 comparison between chambers, 60 Claveria, Sílvia, 108 reliability, 54 – 5 closed-list electoral systems, 14 , 16 , 37 – 9 , 122 , validity, 55 – 9 124 , 137 – 8 , 178 , 185 – 7 , 203 , 207 , 210 , coding decisions, 59 , 59n19 215 , 225 – 7 , 232 women’s issues legislation, 159 – 60 see also electoral quotas , gender quotas see also legislative collaboration Clucas, Richard A., 4n4 , 38n10 , 205 , 207 Binder, Sarah A., 2 , 29 collaboration Bird, Karen, 228 across party lines, 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 8 , 25 , 26 , 33 , Birkhead, Nathaniel, 140 39 , 43 , 45 – 50 , 53 , 63 , 102 , 121 , 125 , Bloemraad, Irene, 229 130 – 3 , 136 , 141 – 2 , 146 – 7 , 150 – 1 , Borgida, Eugene, 6 , 34 156 – 60 , 162 – 8 , 171 , 172 – 6 , 180 , 187 , Boulding, Carew, 60 190 , 196 , 198 , 200 – 1 , 203 , 205 , 208 , Bowler, Shaun, 29 210 , 214 , 216 , 223 Boxer, Barbara, 1 , 190 , 193 , 195 , 219 conceptualization of, 8 , 10 – 11 , 53 – 4 , 179 Brady, David, 29 costs of, 5 , 25 , 27 – 8 , 29 , 30 , 40 , 56 , 58 , 61 , Branton, Regina, 139 , 223 130 , 196 – 8 , 200 , 215 Bratton, Kathleen A., 40 , 47 , 108 , 233 incentives to, 5 – 7 , 10 , 14 , 18 – 19 , 23 , 24 , Brinks, Daniel, 4 25 – 7 , 28 – 9 , 45 , 50 , 57 , 67 Britton, Hannah, 104 , 205 – 9 , 225 measurement of, 10 – 11 , 54 – 60 Brown, Alice, 40 out of power legislators and, 2 – 3 , 4 – 5 , 6 , Brown, Nadia, 15 , 47 , 223 , 233 17 , 28 – 30 , 33 , 34 , 45 , 49 , 53 , 58 , 60 , Browne, William, 26 61 , 65 , 67 , 69 , 70 , 73 , 75 , 213 , 216 Browning, Rufus P., 230 patterns of collaboration, governor’s party Buice, Melissa, 16 and opposition parties, 61 – 5 Burchard, Stephanie, 185 , 207 – 8 patterns of collaboration, majority and Burgess, Diana, 6 , 34 minority parties, 65 – 70 Burnet, Jennie, 181 , 183 , 185 , 187 – 8 patterns of collaboration, men and women, Burrell, Barbara C., 32 70 – 5 Bush, Sarah, 213 see also bill cosponsorship , women’s Button, James, 232 legislative collaboration Collins, Susan, 1 , 190 , 219 Cain, Bruce E., 24 committee, 3 , 5 , 8 , 10 , 18 , 29 , 31 – 3 , 35 , Calvo, Ernesto, 4 – 5 , 10 – 11 , 14 , 26 – 9 , 52 , 54 , 52 , 107 – 8 59 – 61 , 65 , 84 – 5 , 117n4 appointment methods in Argentine Caminotti, Mariana, 12 Provinces, 86 – 8 Campbell, James, 26 in Argentine provinces, 90 – 1 Canon, David T., 232 assignments, 55 , 74 , 79 , 91 – 2 , 98 – 101 Carey, John M., 24 , 28 , 37 – 8 , 45 , 65 , 124 , coding committee types, 109 – 13 145 , 226 data used, 10 , 55 , 59 , 80 , 88 – 90 Carli, Linda L., 6 , 34 , 219 debates, 35 Carlson, Katie, 181 – 2 determinants of committee appointment, 97 Carrió, Elisa Maria, 11 hearings, 35 , 53 – 4 Carroll, Royce, 24 , 29 , 86 leadership, 82 , 84 – 5 , 92 – 3 , 101 – 4 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-14319-7 - Gendering Legislative Behavior: Institutional Constraints and Collaboration Tiffany D. Barnes Index More information Index 267 leadership by committee type, 104 – 6 in South Africa, 16 , 207 , 209 majority party and, 65 – 7 in Uruguay, 200 minority parties and, 69 – 70 and women’s numeric representation powerful committees, 84 – 5 , 107 , 109 – 13 138n21 voting in, 65 see also district size women’s issues committees 36 , 40 , 41 , 43 , district size 44 – 6 , 48 – 50 in Argentine provinces, 37 , 123 competition, see democracy and party constraints, 37 – 9 , 120 , 122 – 4 , cooperation, see legislative collaboration 136 – 8 , 138n21 , 164 , 215 , 227 – 8 Córdova, Abby, 16 in Rwanda, 134 Corpacci, Lucia, 147n6 in South Africa, 207 Cox, Gary, 4 , 24 and women’s numeric representation 228 credit claiming, 27 – 8 , 39 , 63 , 209 see also district magnitude Crenshaw, Kimberle, 223 diverse perspectives, 23 , 47 , 56 , 166 , 179 , 198 , Crisp, Brian F., 24 , 29 , 37 , 44 , 145 , 152n7 199 , 209 , 211 Crowther, William E., 230 Dodson, Debra, 31 Cuddy, Amy J. C., 32 , 34 Dolan, Kathleen, 108 Dougherty, Thomas W., 6 , 34 – 5 Dahl, Robert, 2 Dovi, Suzanne, 47 Dalmás, Susana, 201 Downs, Anthony, 24 , 63 Danaher, Dorothy L., 34 Driscoll, Amanda, 16 Davidson, Chandler, 228 , 231 Drysdale Walsh, Shannon, 224 Davidson, Roger H., 29 , 46n12 , 194 Duarte de Perón, Eva María, 11 Deal, Jennifer J., 35 Duerst-Lahti, Georgia, 6 , 33 – 4 , 235 decision-making, 4 – 6 , 27 , 31 , 104 , 184 , Duverger, Maurice, 4 213 , 228 – 9 Defense of Reproductive Health Legislation, Eagly, Alice H., 6 , 17 , 33 – 4 , 46 , 219 Uruguay 197 Eaton, B. Curtis, 24 de Follari, Gladys Bailac, 80 electoral incentives, 18 , 42 , 45 , 50 , 131 , 172 , de Luca, Miguel, 38 185 , 215 , 235 Delvin, Claire, 181 , 187 electoral rules, 4 , 14 , 25 , 39 , 225 , 228 , de Miguel, Amando, 11 229 – 30 , 233 de Zamora, Abdala, 147n6 at-large district, 76 – 7 , 123 – 4 , 124n7 , 136 , democracy 141 , 158 , 166 , 169 – 70 collaborative theory of, 2 – 5 , 16 , 23 – 5 , 49 , closed-list electoral system, 14 , 16 , 37 – 9 , 52 , 212 – 14 , 216 , 235 122 , 124 , 137 , 138 , 178 , 185 – 7 , 200 , see also legislative collaboration 203 , 207 , 210 , 215 , 222 , 225 – 7 , 232 and competition, 2 – 6 , 23 – 5 , 29 , 34 , 49 , 52 , majority-minority districts, 228 , 231 , 233 70 , 193 , 213 , 221 , 235 multimember district, 14 , 76 , 122 , 141 , 206 , as competitive, 2 – 3 , 16 , 23 – 5 , 52 , 63 , 189 , 207 , 209 212 , 229 , 235 open-list electoral system, 37 , 124n8 , 225n7 Díaz, Mercedes Mateo, 28 , 145 single-member district, 14 , 21nb , 76 , 122 – 3 , Diekman, Amanda B., 17 , 33 – 4 124n7 discrimination, 22 , 32 , 35 , 39 – 41 , 51 , 65 , see also electoral quotas , district magnitude , 100 – 1 , 106 district size district magnitude electoral quotas, 231 – 3 in Argentine provinces, 14 , 67 – 77 , see also closed-list electoral systems , gender 122 – 3 , 226 quotas , reserved seats and development, 141 Elgie, Robert, 181 , 187 and gender quotas, 14 , 225 – 7 Elkins, Zachart, 28 and party constraints, 124 , 124n8 , 147 – 78 , El Salvador, Legislative Assembly of, 2 215, 232 Emejulu, Akwugo, 223 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-14319-7 - Gendering Legislative Behavior: Institutional Constraints and Collaboration Tiffany D. Barnes Index More information 268 Index Escobar-Lemmon, Maria C., 26 , 31 , 46 , Gillibrand, Kristen, 1 , 190 , 194 139 , 159 Gilligan, Carol, 35 Escolar, Marcelo, 14 Ginsburg, Tom, 28 Estonian Parliament, 203 Ginwala, Frene, 205 Etcheverry, Sandra, 198 Glick, Peter, 32 , 34 Evans, Diana, 28 Goetz, Anne Marie, 205 , 208 – 9 , 224 – 5 experts, 8 , 11 , 35 , 51 – 4 , 57 , 86 , 178 – 9 , 181 , Gogineni, Roopa, 188 188 , 197 , 223 Gomez, Jessica,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Making a Difference: Victories in the Fight Against Corruption Is a Record of Many of the Achievements of Our Members and Chapters
    MAKING A DIFFERENCE Victories in the fight against corruption Copyright 2014 by the Global Organization of Parliamentarians Against Corruption (GOPAC) Suite 904, 255 Albert Street Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6A9 Canada [email protected] gopacnetwork.org facebook.com/gopacnetwork twitter.com/GOPAC_Eng MAKING A DIFFERENCE Victories in the fight against corruption Message from the Chair ............................................................................... 2 Message from the Executive Director .......................................................... 3 About the Global Organization of Parliamentarians Against Corruption .... 5 Anti-Money Laundering ................................................................................ 7 Parliamentary Ethics and Conduct ............................................................... 11 Parliamentary Oversight ............................................................................... 14 Participation of Society ................................................................................. 19 United Nations Convention Against Corruption .......................................... 23 Women in Parliament .................................................................................... 27 Message from the Chair Every day articles covering issues of corruption appear in newspapers around the world. They tell stories of corrupt officials, money laundering, abuse of power—crimes that eat away at public coffers and propagate political instability. The victims of these crimes are ordinary citizens
    [Show full text]
  • Motion for a Resolution
    EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 2004 2009 Session document 4.9.2006 B6-0487/2006 MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION to wind up the debate on statements by the Council and Commission pursuant to Rule 103(2) of the Rules of Procedure by Cristiana Muscardini, Konrad Szymański, Inese Vaidere, Roberta Angelilli and Ģirts Valdis Kristovskis on behalf of the UEN Group on the crisis in the Middle East RE\629054EN.doc PE 378.344v01-00 EN EN B6-0487/2006 European Parliament resolution on the crisis in the Middle East The European Parliament, ­ having regard to its resolutions of 16 January 2003 on the conclusion of an Association Agreement with the Republic of Lebanon and 10 March 2005 on the situation in Lebanon, ­ having regard to its previous resolutions on the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership and European Neighbourhood Policy, ­ having regard to United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolutions 1559 of 2 September 2004 and 1701 of 11 August 2006, ­ having regard to the Council's conclusions of 21 February 2005 on the Middle East peace process and of 1 August 2006 on the situation on Lebanon, ­ having regard to the statements issued by its Conference of Presidents on 20 July and 1 August 2006, ­ having regard to Rule 103(2) of its Rules of Procedure, A. whereas the escalation of hostilities in Lebanon and Israel broke out after Hezbollah sparked the crisis by attacking Israel and ignoring Israeli's repeated calls for the liberation of two Israeli soldiers on July 12, B. whereas, at the extraordinary GAERC (General Affairs and External Relations Council) meeting of 25 August, the Council expressed full support for the implementation of UNSC Resolution 1701, 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Title Public Opinion and Deterrence
    Title Public opinion and deterrence: an evolutionary game theoretic study of the Israeli policy toward Lebanon Sub Title Author 浜中, 新吾(Hamanaka, Shingo) Publisher Global Center of Excellence Center of Governance for Civil Society, Keio University Publication year 2011 Jtitle Journal of political science and sociology No.15 (2011. 9) ,p.21- 49 Abstract Israel's policies regarding Lebanon have been dependent on public opinion, which is volatile. The citizens of Israel did not favor the occupation of the security zone in South Lebanon because of the Four Mothers movement, which influenced the government to unilaterally withdraw military forces in May 2000. When Hizbollah attacked an Israel Defense Force (IDF) patrol and abducted two soldiers on the northern border, the Israeli citizens supported the decision to wage a war in retaliation. This study aims to shed light on the causal mechanism of the influence of public opinion on defense policy within the rational framework of deterrence strategy. I chose the evolutionary game theory approach as my research method in order to deal with dynamics of public opinion. My study yielded the following result: deterrence is not stable when the aggression level of the defenders is less than the level of the critical condition. The Israeli government made a decision to conduct a unilateral withdrawal under pressure from passive defenders among the people. However, the IDF could begin the operation in Lebanon because of a substantial number of supporters who hoped to retaliate against Hizbollah. As a result, deterrence was restored after the war. We can understand the implications of the case of the Second Lebanon War: the enforcement of conventional deterrence may occasionally require conflicts to occur with small non-governmental military groups.
    [Show full text]
  • As of 9/12/2017 9:14 AM LIST of PARTICIPANTS WORLD
    As of 9/12/2017 9:14 AM LIST OF PARTICIPANTS WORLD PARLIAMENTARY FORUM ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 6th – 7th SEPTEMBER 2017, NUSA DUA BALI, INDONESIA I. COUNTRIES AFGHANISTAN Hon. Mr. Ghulam Mahudin Mansif MP, Chairman of the Legislative Commission of the Upper House Hon. Mrs. Shafiqah Nowrozkhel MP, Chairman of the Women Affairs Committee, National Assembly of Afghanistan Hon. Mrs. Roshan Ara Alkozay Senator, National Assembly of Afghanistan Hon. Mrs. Suhaila Sharefi Senator, National Assembly of Afghanistan Hon. Mr. Rahmatullah Achakzai Senator, National Assembly of Afghanistan Mr. Sayid Elham Zahir Protocol ALGERIA Hon. Mr. Boudqoud Abdelyamine MP, National People’s Assembly of Algeria Hon. Mr. Dekhili Salah Eddine MP, National People’s Assembly of Algeria ARGENTINA Hon. Ms. Norma Durango Senator, National Senator of Argentina Hon. Ms. Marina Riofrio Senator, National Senator of Argentina BANGLADESH Hon. Mr. Mohd. Zillul Hakim MP, Parliament of Bangladesh Hon. Mr. B.M. Muzammel Haque MP, Parliament of Bangladesh Hon. Mr. Anupam Shahjahan Joy MP, Parliament of Bangladesh Hon. Mr. Mohammad Abdul Munim Chowdhury MP, Parliament of Bangladesh Mr. S.M. Manzoor Observer Mr. Khan Md Elias Observer Mr. MD Wares Hossain Secretary BENIN, REPUBLIC OF Hon. Noel H. Akissoe MP, National Assembly (Benin) Hon. Yaya Garba MP, National Assembly (Benin) Hon. Leon Comlan Ahossi MP, National Assembly (Benin) BHUTAN H.E. Dr. Sonam Kinga Speaker/Chair National Council of Bhutan Hon. Mr. Kamal Bahadur Gurung MP, National Council of Bhutan Hon. Jigme Wangchuk MP, National Council of Bhutan Hon. Mr. Nima Gyeltshen MP, National Council of Bhutan Mrs. Sonam Yangzom Secretary 1 BRUNEI DARUSSALAM Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliamentary Accountability and Good Governance
    Parliamentary Accountability and Good Governance A Parliamentarian’s Handbook www.parlcent.ca www.worldbank.org/wbi Parliamentary Centre le Centre parlementaire Contents OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER ONE: THE ECOLOGY OF GOVERNANCE AND PARLIAMENTARY ACCOUNTABILITY .......................... 9 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 9 The Ecology of Governance................................................................................................................ 10 The Unbalanced Ecology of Governance—and its Costs ................................................................... 11 Parliamentary Accountability ............................................................................................................... 13 Parliamentary Leadership and the Struggle to Strengthen Accountability .......................................... 15 CASE STUDY: PARLIAMENTARY ACCOUNTABILITY AND GOVERNANCE—THE KENYAN EXPERIENCE ....... 19 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 19 The Way Forward ............................................................................................................................... 19 Parliamentary Strategies—Financial Control ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Religious Freedom in Lebanon Executive Summary
    THE INSTITUTE on Religion and Public Policy: Report on Religious Freedom in Lebanon Executive Summary (1) Lebanon is a country of religious diversity. The constitution not only guarantees freedom of religion, but also divides governmental power between 18 different religious sects. This balanced system seems to be critical to the stability of the country. Each religious group must be recognized by the government if they wish to be granted legal status under the law. Many new religious groups, however, have had a hard time registering with the government, and many have been refused. In addition, there is no civil court system established to handle personal status matters and recognized religious groups are in charge of dealing with personal status matters in court. This decentralization has led to issues with gender equality, and interfaith marriage. THE INSTITUTE on Religion and Public Policy (2) Twice nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, THE INSTITUTE on Religion and Public Policy is an international, inter-religious non-profit organization dedicated to ensuring freedom of religion as the foundation for security, stability, and democracy. THE INSTITUTE works globally to promote fundamental rights, and religious freedom in particular, with government policy-makers, religious leaders, business executives, academics, non-governmental organizations and others. THE INSTITUTE encourages and assists in the effective and cooperative advancement of religious freedom throughout the world. History of Freedom and Politics in Lebanon (3) On September 1, 1926 France formed the Lebanese Republic out of the occupied territory of the Syrian Mandate. At the time, Lebanon consisted largely of Maronite Christians, Muslims, and to a lesser extent, Druze.
    [Show full text]
  • The Question of the Military in Lebanon
    The Question Juan Rial of the Military in Lebanon Roman ruins in the city of Tyre in a state of abandonment. Lebanese Armed Forces checkpoint in the south of the country. Makeshift camp for Syrian refugees in the Marjayoun region. The Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) are at the center of the security situation in Lebanon today. The support of central countries through an International Conference for assistance programs, the donation of four billion dollars from Saudi Arabia for the purchase of military equip- ment, and the operations carried out in the face of the advances of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant - ISIS - in the border zone with Syria, are some of the pieces that constitute the scene. SERIES PEACE& SECURITY Presented here is the vision of a Latin American analyst with experience in the processes of the reconfi guration of military forces following the dictatorships, and the change in the regional and international scene produced by the disappearance of the internal and external Soviet empire. SERIES PEACE& SECURITY About the author: Juan Rial is a political analyst and consultant to international organizations, such as the United Nations Development Program, the Inter-American Development Bank, International IDEA, and the Organization of American States. Rial is a founding member of RESDAL and a member of the Board of Directors. He was a professor of Political Science at UDELAR (Universidad de la Republica) and of ORT University, both in Montevideo. He is an author of a dozen books and over a hundred articles on themes related to democracy, institutions, security and defense.
    [Show full text]
  • Consociationalism and Segmented Cleavages the Case of Lebanon
    CONSOCIATIONALISM AND SEGMENTED CLEAVAGES THE CASE OF LEBANON Leif G. N. Nicolaysen Master thesis in Political Science, STV 3902 Department of Political Science Faculty of Social Sciences University of Tromsø May 2008 Consociationalism and Segmented Cleavages: The Case of Lebanon ii Acknowledgments This thesis would newer have seen “the light of day” without the help from my friends and family. Special thanks to my dear Anna, my father Per Gunnar, friends at the University at Tromsø and most of all to my supervisor Jarle Weigård at the institute of political science who has helped in correcting numerous mistakes and offered guidance. Consociationalism and Segmented Cleavages: The Case of Lebanon iv Consociationalism and Segmented Cleavages: The Case of Lebanon Abstract Consociationalism and segmented cleavages. The case of Lebanon is about the political development of Lebanon. It is intended to be an exploration, as objective as possible, to the development of major cleavages of Lebanese society related to Lebanese consociationalism. The “science of experience” has been useful as a basis of this thesis, thus the thesis is based on a theoretical framework, exploring Lebanese society from a consociational and a consensus – integrative, cross-cutting theory. The turbulence of Lebanese society the last century and a half questions the stabilizing effects of the consociational institutions which Lebanon are based on. Lebanese consociationalism is in this work claimed to be based on wrong assumptions to which cleavages that divide the Lebanese society. The political system has been claimed to be disproportional, and to favour the domination of one community over others and it is accused of not including major social and secular forces into politics.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliamentary Assembly Assemblée Parlementaire
    Parliamentary Assembly Assemblée parlementaire 10 November 2006 AS/Inf (2006) 10 REPORTS under preparation in the Committees of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (October 2006-January 2007) ________________________ F – 67075 Strasbourg Cedex, tel: +33 3 88 41 20 00, fax: +33 3 88 41 27 76, http://assembly.coe.int, e-mail: [email protected] AS/Inf (2006) 10 CONTENTS Page I. Political Affairs Committee 3 II. Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights 18 III. Committee on Economic Affairs and Development 36 IV. Social, Health and Family Affairs Committee 41 V. Committee on Migration, Refugees and Population 50 VI. Committee on Culture, Science and Education 57 VII. Committee on the Environment, Agriculture and Local and Regional Affairs 63 VIII. Committee on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men 70 IX. Committee on Rules of Procedure and Immunities 77 X. Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States 83 of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee) Abbreviations : SOC: Socialist Group EPP/CD: Group of the European People’s Party/Christian Democrats ALDE: Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe EDG: European Democratic Group UEL: Group of the United European Left NR: Not belonging to a Political Group of the Assembly Rec.: Recommendation Res.: Resolution Doc.: Document Ref.: Reference For further information, you may contact: Table Office of the Parliamentary Assembly 67075 Strasbourg Cedex Tel.: (0)3 90 21 53 08; fax: (0)3 88 41 27 33 Email: [email protected] 2 AS/Inf (2006) 10 I. POLITICAL AFFAIRS COMMITTEE Head of Secretariat: Mr B.
    [Show full text]
  • Zeinab Mirza Policy Making and the Lebanese Parliament (London-Beirut, 2020) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
    Zeinab Mirza Policy Making and the Lebanese Parliament (London-Beirut, 2020) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This present publication has been realised through the institutional endorsement by the Westminster Foundation for Democracy and the American University of Beirut, and this initiative has been officially facilitated by the Bureau of the Lebanese Parliament and its archives. Thanks are due in this regard to the Chair of the International Affairs Committee at the Lebanese Parliament and the Headship of the Parliamentary Bureau, with deep gratitude also to the Presidency of the American University of Beirut through its General Education program, and to the Westminster Foundation for Democracy. This is intended to serve as a user-friendly soft-copy educational book for the purposes of curricular needs at AUB. The contents would be of interest to other students in comparative political studies and public administrations, legislators, active representatives of civil society, and academicians. The contents of this publication are based on Arabic primary sources that I compiled, edited, and translated to English. Zeinab Mirza (Dr) 2 POLICY MAKING AND THE LEBANESE PARLIAMENT POLICY MAKING AND THE LEBANESE PARLIAMENT 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 30 General Inspectorate 30 Monitoring of expenses 16 Constitutional function (amending the constitution) 31 Directorate general of foreign affairs 17 Financial function 31 Informatics department 17 Electoral function 32 Departments not affiliated to the Secretariat 18 Political function and oversight 19 Judicial function
    [Show full text]
  • Alexandra Airey* ABSTRACT the Configuration of Lebanese
    24.1 AIREY BIRTHING STATELESSNESS.DOCX 3/2/2018 3:25 PM BIRTHING STATELESSNESS: SECTARIANISM AND SEXISM IN LEBANESE CITIZENSHIP LAW Alexandra Airey* ABSTRACT The configuration of Lebanese citizenship law, in violation of international law, prevents women from passing citizenship to their children. If a Lebanese woman has a child with a refugee, there is a high likelihood that the child will be left stateless. Due to the recent influx of Syrian refugees into Lebanon, increasing the already problematic amount of refugees in the country, this overlooked problem has been exacerbated. The issue of law-created statelessness in Lebanon is a cross-section of the complex social, political and religious systems within the country. This study finds that the existence of this citizenship law is primarily due to the patriarchal social environment, political power balances, and gender roles reinforced by religious doctrine. These conclusions are based on an examination of Lebanon’s historical development, sectarian divides, political environment, and cultural background. This study is limited, as population data is estimated and issues relating to stateless populations are still developing. Through personal interviews, existing scholarship, UN and NGO reports, this study aims to outline the main causes of this international human rights issue and the obstacles to change. ∗ Copyright © 2018 Alexandra Airey, J.D. Candidate, 2019, Univeristy of California, Davis School of Law. 24.1 AIREY BIRTHING STATELESSNESS.DOCX 3/2/2018 3:25 PM 100 University of California, Davis [Vol. 24:1 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 101 II. IMPACT ON STATELESS ............................................................. 102 III. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND .................................................... 106 A. Ottoman Rule over the Province of Syria ...............................
    [Show full text]
  • Tel : + 33 3 88 41 2000, Fax + 33 3 88 41 2776
    Parliamentary Assembly Assemblée parlementaire 24 July 2008 AS/Inf (2008) 11 REPORTS under preparation in the Committees of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (July - October 2008) F – 67075 Strasbourg Cedex, e-mail: [email protected] http://assembly.coe.int tel : + 33 3 88 41 2000, fax + 33 3 88 41 2776 AS/Inf (2008) 11 CONTENTS Page I. Political Affairs Committee 3 II. Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights 20 III. Committee on Economic Affairs and Development 38 IV. Social, Health and Family Affairs Committee 45 V. Committee on Migration, Refugees and Population 52 VI. Committee on Culture, Science and Education 61 VII. Committee on the Environment, Agriculture and Local and Regional Affairs 69 VIII. Committee on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men 75 IX. Committee on Rules of Procedure, Immunities and Institutional Affairs 82 X. Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States 84 of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee) Abbreviations : EPP/CD: Group of the European People’s Party/Christian Democrats SOC: Socialist Group EDG: European Democrat Group ALDE: Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe UEL: Group of the United European Left NR: Not belonging to a Political Group of the Assembly Rec.: Recommendation Res.: Resolution Doc.: Document Ref.: Reference For further information, you may contact: Table Office of the Parliamentary Assembly 67075 Strasbourg Cedex Tel.: (0)3 88 41 21 02; fax: (0)3 88 41 27 33 Email: [email protected] 2 AS/Inf (2008) 11 I. POLITICAL AFFAIRS COMMITTEE Head of Secretariat: Mr B. Perin Committee secretaries: Mrs A.
    [Show full text]