Áfricas Contemporâneas Contemporary Africas

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Áfricas Contemporâneas Contemporary Africas ANA LUÍSA / ANA MAFALDA / ANA PAULA / ANDREIA / DAVID Áfricas / ELENA / JOANA / JOHN Contemporâneas Elena Joana Andreia Marie-Manuelle / LARS / LIVIA / BRUGIONI PASSOS SARABANDO SILVA LUANDINO / LUÍS CARLOS Contemporary / MARGARIDA CALAFATE / MARIA Africas / MARIE-MANUELLE / MARTA SOFÍA LÓPEZ / MIA / MICHAEL / PEDRO PÉREZ / ROBERTO / TRISTAN / VÉRONIQUE K_africas_2.indd 1 11/02/03 15:44 Africas.indb 2 03-02-2011 07:06:54 Áfricas Contemporâneas Elena Joana Andreia Marie-Manuelle BRUGIONI PASSOS SARABANDO SILVA Contemporary Africas Africas.indb 3 03-02-2011 07:06:54 Africas.indb 4 03-02-2011 07:06:54 ÍNDICE Introdução 9 PARTE 1 – LENDO A(S) ÁFRICA(S) CONTEMPORÂNEA(S) 13 Entre hospitalidade e convite: a praxis tradutiva como acto político 15 Livia Apa Projecting the modern: South African fi lm and contemporaneous worlds 23 David Callahan Th e historiography of Danish representations of Africa: From Blixen to development aid 37 Lars Jensen Encenação Genológica nas Literaturas Africanas 51 Ana Mafalda Leite Les Français et la francophonie: Perspective postcoloniale sur la représentation des littératures francophones en France 63 Tristan Leperlier Más allá del exilio: El porteador de Marlow/Canción negra sin color de César Mba 79 Marta Sofía López Rodríguez Mourning the Past, Creating the Future: Zakes Mda’s Ways of Dying 87 Ana Luísa Pires Caminho, por Outras Margens: de Rios e Guerrilheiros por José Luandino Vieira 93 Margarida Calafate Ribeiro L’adaptation de la littérature par la bande dessinée en Afrique francophone, l’exemple de la République Démocratique du Congo 107 Marie-Manuelle Silva Africas.indb 5 03-02-2011 07:06:54 Karingana Wa Karingana: Representações do Heróico Feminino em Moçambique 115 Maria Tavares O pós -colonialismo português: excepção vs. excepcionalidade? 131 Roberto Vecchi PARTE 2 – VOZES DA(S) ÁFRICA(S) CONTEMPORÂNEA(S) 141 Uma Conversa com Mia Couto 143 Elena Brugioni Ana Paula 153 John Mateer Ana Paula 154 tradução de Andreia Sarabando Noémia de Sousa 155 Luís Carlos Patraquim Cumbite 156 Pedro Pérez Sarduy Cumbite 165 tradução de Michael Tarr Hommage à la ville – amante 175 Véronique Tadjo Chegas 187 Ana Paula Tavares Entrevista com Luandino Vieira 189 Joana Passos Notas biográfi cas 201 Africas.indb 6 03-02-2011 07:06:54 AGRADECIMENTOS Aos ensaístas, escritores e artistas que colaboraram neste projecto. Ao Antó- nio Ole pela gentileza de nos deixar usar o seu O Universo da Escrita. À Editorial Caminho por autorizar a reprodução dos poemas “Noémia de Sousa”, de Luís Carlos Patraquim e Chegas, de Ana Paula Tavares. À directora do Centro de Estudos Humanísticos da Universidade do Minho (CEHUM), Ana Gabriela Macedo, pelo apoio e confi ança depositados no projecto Grupocli. À Anabela Rato, ao André Caiado, à Ana Lúcia Silva, ao Duarte Carvalho, ao Paulo Martins e à Vera Amorim, bolseiros do CEHUM, pela ajuda nos aspectos logísticos da realização deste e de outros projectos. À livraria Centésima Página pela parceria na dinamização de eventos para- lelos às acções académicas do Grupocli. À Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia que, através do Fundo de Apoio à Comunidade Científi cas, apoiou a conferência Contemporary Africa(s): Current Artistic Interventions aft er the ‘Post’ e a publicação deste livro. Africas.indb 7 03-02-2011 07:06:55 Africas.indb 8 03-02-2011 07:06:55 INTRODUÇÃO O livro Áfricas Contemporâneas | Contemporary Africas representa uma das metas alcançadas ao longo do percurso desenvolvido pelo GruPocLi – Grupo de Investigação em Estudos Pós-coloniais e Literaturas de Inter- venção do Centro de Estudos Humanísticos da Universidade do Minho. O GruPocLi nasce do encontro entre investigadoras com percursos académi- cos heterogéneos, o que tem resultado no surgir de pontos de convergência que constituem lugares de refl exão indispensáveis para a transdiscipli- naridade. O paradigma metodológico que defi ne o espaço de interacção transdisciplinar, no qual o GruPocLi se movimenta, pretende responder aos desafi os com os quais as humanidades se devem – necessariamente – confrontar, procurando um contraponto indispensável e produtivo entre abordagens diversifi cadas e, ao mesmo tempo, complementares. Neste sen- tido, inter- e trans- disciplinaridade representam estratégias matriciais para ler as problematizações que a produção artística contemporânea apresenta, destacando-se, ao mesmo tempo, como uma das respostas mais produtivas da prática humanística aos desafi os da contemporaneidade. Os quadros teó- ricos e epistemológicos daquilo que vem sendo defi nido como “teoria pós- colonial” destacam-se como pontos de convergência incontornáveis para a leitura mundana e contrapontística que se pretende desenvolver em torno das intervenções artísticas, proporcionando lugares críticos comuns indis- Africas.indb 9 03-02-2011 07:06:55 10 pensáveis para pensar a arte e a crítica humanística como instrumentos de observação da contemporaneidade e, logo, como exercícios de cidadania. O percurso que se inicia com a criação do GruPocLi é marcado por um conjunto de iniciativas, das quais se destaca a Conferência Internacional “Contemporary Africa(s): Current Artistic Interventions Aft er the ‘Post’”, que teve lugar em Maio de 2009 no Centro de Estudos Humanísticos da Universidade do Minho. O testemunho dos diálogos e das refl exões que sur- giram durante o evento é representado pelos artigos publicados neste livro. Observando as contribuições que aqui se reúnem fi ca a convicção de que pluralidade e contraponto são as palavras-chave através das quais se deverá entender o projecto que fundamenta a edição deste livro, bem como a refl e- xão teórica e epistemológica que com ele se pretende registar e estimular. ¶ Na sequência da conferência que está na génese deste livro, e de acordo com o espírito de contemporaneidade que animou este encontro, o con- junto de ensaios reunidos na primeira parte deste volume procura renovar o debate pós-colonial que inclui, mas não se limita às questões relaciona- das com as lutas pela independência, a afi rmação de identidades nacionais autónomas, a recuperação de histórias e culturas silenciadas, a visibilidade de múltiplos saberes, a re-interpretação desconstrutiva da colonização, a resistência à globalização como prática neo-colonial, ou ainda, a refl exão crítica sobre as diversas sociedades pós-coloniais. A onda de descoloniza- ções iniciada em diversos pontos do globo na segunda metade do século XX representa um desafi o epistemológico pela sua natureza de projecto necessariamente sempre incompleto, que continua a fazer sentido, nas suas diferentes infl exões, no âmbito de uma renovação da ordem mundial e da reinvenção de equilíbrios de poder. A partir de uma variedade paradigmá- tica que marca situações, instâncias e intervenções artísticas nas contem- poraneidades africanas do pós-independência, os ensaios aqui reunidos propõem percursos epistemológicos matriciais em torno de diferentes lin- guagens artísticas convocando práticas críticas diversifi cadas. Neste sentido, o artigo de Lívia Apa propõe uma refl exão acerca da sua responsabilidade ética como tradutora e mediadora cultural, uma fun- ção necessariamente ligada a lógicas económicas, mas não forçosamente às expectativas de mercado. Por outro lado, o ensaio de David Callahan explora os contextos de produção e de comercialização do cinema sul- africano contemporâneo e as condições através das quais África participa Africas.indb 10 03-02-2011 07:06:55 11 nos discursos de modernidade entendida nas suas dimensões tecnológica e estética. Ao mesmo tempo, o contributo de Marie-Manuelle Silva debru- ça-se sobre a adaptação de obras literárias para banda desenhada através de um estudo de caso na República Democrática do Congo. Por via de uma leitura de textos dinamarqueses que estabelecem rela- ções presentes e passadas com África, Lars Jensen analisa as continuida- des e as rupturas das conceptualizações de África no imaginário nacional da Dinamarca. Por sua vez, Marta Sofía López Rodríguez oferece-nos um itinerário pelas escritas em língua espanhola da Guiné-Equatorial, deslo- cando a refl exão sobre a pós-colonialidade para as diversas formas de exílio ou de nomadismo que subjazem à experiência do imigrante africano resi- dente na Europa. Do ponto de vista das temáticas textuais, alguns dos ensaios aqui reuni- dos propõem leituras que nos indicam percursos na consolidação de diver- sos sistemas literários africanos. O ensaio de Maria Tavares documenta uma transição em que a par da fi gura do guerrilheiro e da primazia do patriar- cado, se afi rma um diverso leque de modelos identitários em Moçambique, fora de um contexto de guerrilha e sem ignorar a pertinência de modelos femininos liberados. Margarida Calafate Ribeiro, a partir da mais recente obra de Luandino Vieira, debate a tradução épica da memória da guerrilha e os retratos de Angola que esta mesma efabulação da história convoca, sublinhando a ausência da mulher angolana nesta reconstituição de refe- rências nacionais identitárias. A partir de um romance de Zakes Mda, Ana Luísa Pires enquadra a complexidade estilística e o estilo narrativo híbrido que caracterizam a literatura sul-africana do período pós-apartheid dentro de uma lógica terapêutica, que procura reintegrar indivíduo e comunidade através de um processo metafórico e simbólico. Num plano metodológico, Ana Mafalda Leite discute as mudanças epistemológicas e conceptuais necessárias a uma recepção não margina- lizante de literaturas infl uenciadas por uma tradição narrativa oral, como é o caso das literaturas
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