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THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: WAR AND RESISTANCE: THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History, 2018 Dissertation directed by: Professor Jon T. Sumida, History Department What happened in the Philippine Islands between the surrender of Allied forces in May 1942 and MacArthur’s return in October 1944? Existing historiography is fragmentary and incomplete. Memoirs suffer from limited points of view and personal biases. No academic study has examined the Filipino resistance with a critical and interdisciplinary approach. No comprehensive narrative has yet captured the fighting by 260,000 guerrillas in 277 units across the archipelago. This dissertation begins with the political, economic, social and cultural history of Philippine guerrilla warfare. The diverse Islands connected only through kinship networks. The Americans reluctantly held the Islands against rising Japanese imperial interests and Filipino desires for independence and social justice. World War II revealed the inadequacy of MacArthur’s plans to defend the Islands. The General tepidly prepared for guerrilla operations while Filipinos spontaneously rose in armed resistance. After his departure, the chaotic mix of guerrilla groups were left on their own to battle the Japanese and each other. While guerrilla leaders vied for local power, several obtained radios to contact MacArthur and his headquarters sent submarine-delivered agents with supplies and radios that tie these groups into a united framework. MacArthur’s promise to return kept the resistance alive and dependent on the United States. The repercussions for social revolution would be fatal but the Filipinos’ shared sacrifice revitalized national consciousness and created a sense of deserved nationhood. The guerrillas played a key role in enabling MacArthur’s return. -
Trade and Crisis in the Making of Political Institutions
GLOBALIZATION AND STATE DEVELOPMENT: TRADE AND CRISIS IN THE MAKING OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Don R. Leonard January, 2014 © 2014 Don R. Leonard GLOBALIZATION AND STATE DEVELOPMENT: TRADE AND CRISIS IN THE MAKING OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS Don R. Leonard, Ph. D. Cornell University 2014 Political institutions have been shown to play a key role in determining economic outcomes. Where do these institutions come from, and how do they change over time? Examining the puzzle of institutional divergence on the island of Hispaniola, this dissertation identifies conditions under which international economic crises lead to the emergence of a developmental state. Haiti adjusted to the global economic crisis of the 1930s through rent-seeking policies that reinforced existing patterns of state predation and economic decay. Why, despite many similarities with Haiti including geography, regime type, and agro-export dependency, did the Dominican Republic pursue developmentalist policies of import substitution when adjusting to the same crisis— policies that transformed the economic purpose of state institutions and culminated in the fastest growing economy in Latin America over the second half of the twentieth century? Among non-industrialized countries I find that the costs of a prolonged foreign exchange crisis, and the import scarcities that ensue, are borne disproportionately by the middle classes. I also find that the ability of markets in non-industrialized countries to replace foreign imports with domestically produced substitutes is constrained by investment coordination problems. -
Pan-Pacific Union
Vol. XL. No. 6 25 Cents a Copy December, 1930 MID-PACIFIC MAGAZINE, A JAPAN PAN-PACIFIC CLUB NUMBER IN HONOR OF PRINCE TOKUGAWA'S VISIT TO THE PAN-PACIFIC CLUB OF HONOLULU His Majesty Hirohito, the Emperor of Japan. When the Pan-Pacific Association of Japan was formed, a decade ago, Prince Iyesato Tokugawa as its first (and present) president, sent by Consul General Yada a silken Japanese flag, which was presented on the capitol steps in Honolulu to the then Governor Wallace R. Farrington, President of the Pan-Pacific Union. g 1 OOL'Mnflinatt,ColatiathaOn AA ''''''M: 11 4. f. 11 4.• h 11 1; TI-Ir artur aga3tur . CONDUCTED BY ALEXANDER HUME FORD . Volume XL . N umber 6 . • CONTENTS FOR DECEMBER, 1930 • . • Proceedings of the Pan-Pacific Club of Tokyo: .9 q Meet the American Ambassador and Old Friends at the • Pan-Pacific Club of Tokyo 503 • Friends in China 509 • By Gilbert Bowles • • • Australia and Her Workers 513 By Arthur Garrels, U. S. Consul General . • • 41 New Conditions in China 517 4. • By George Bronson Rea ez President Viscount Inouye Goes Abroad and Mr. F. H. • Brown Talks on "Athletics in Japan" - - - - 523 . Research in English Literature 529 -4 By Professor P. Huntley . • Japanese in North America 532 . 1 By Professor Shimji Yonemoto • 4 Dr. Sherwood Eddy Talks on "India" and Dr. Kirby Page • on the "Pact of Paris" 537 • . The Interdependence of Nations 543 . 2 Sir John Tilley,By British Ambassador to Japan 4 • „ Rejuvenation Reaches Japan 547 .• -.. By Professor Serge Voronoff • ED Japan's Mission of Gratitude 551 . -
INDEX Bureau of Insular Affairs. BIA First Under War Department. Then
INDEX Bureau of Insular Affairs. BIA First under War Department. Then transferred to Department of interior and then consolidated with the Division of Territories and Island Possessions effective July 1, 1939 Brigidaire General Clarence R. Edward, Chief of BIA, War Dept., WDC, Feb. 1900 to August 1912 Maj. Gen. Frank McIntyre, Aug 1912 to Jan 1929 Brig. Gen Francis L. Parker, Jan. 1929 to Jan. 1933 Brig. Gen Creed F. Cox, Jan 1933 to May 1937 Brig. Gen. Charles Burnett, May 1937 to July 1939 Jack Butler, Secretary of HSPA, and treasurer in 1930 William Henry, high sheriff of the territory, appointed by the Governor GOVERNOR OF HAWAII Sanford Ballard Dole, June 14, 1900 to Nov. 23, 1903, McKinley. President of the Provisional governemnt, andthen later of the Hawiian Republic. His father was a missionary, founder of Punahou. George Robert Carter, November 23, 1903 to August 15, 1907, Roosevelt Walter Francis Frear, August 15, 1907 to November 29, 1913, TR also. Served previously as chief justice of territorial supreme court. He had married into the Dillingham family (son in law of Benjamin Dillingham), and was closely linked with OR&L Co. He was a director of several important Hawaiian companies. Lucius Eugene Pinkham, November 29, 1913 to June 22, 1918, Wilson Charles James McCarthy, June 22, 1918 to July 5, 1921, Wilson. A Democrat. later he headed the Honolulu Chamber ef Commerce Wallace Rider Farrington, July 5, 1921 to July 5, 1929, Harding; then Coolidge for second term, 1925 to 29. He edited the Advertiser in 1895 before it was sold to Thurston. -
A Mola Ve of His Country
A MOLA VE OF HIS COUNTRY Souvenir book in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of a man who in the first decade of this century proved the capacity of the Filipino for leadership and integrity in public finance and the administration of justice, and thereby laid down the foundation of the nation's capacity for self-government and independence. 19 April 1 8 6 9 -1 9 April 1969 Los caracteres se forman PARRAFOS DEL DISCURSO PRONUNCIADO POR EL HON GREGORIO ARANETA, SECRETARIO DE HACIENDA Y JUSTICIA EN LA SOLEMNE INVESTIDURA EN LA IGLESIA DE STO. DOMINGO, CON OCASION DEL TRICENTENARIO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE STO. TOMAS . Los caracteres se forman con el yunque del trabajo y de la constancia, crecen en la lucha y con los sacrificios, se fortalecen con el dominio de la propia voluntad y las privaciones de los placeres de la vida, y se purifican con el crisol de la emulación ante el espejo dé vir tuosos actos; y la vida escolar universitaria suministra tales medios de perfeccionamiento del carácter. Y bien sabéis, señores, lo que vale el carácter en los hombres. Los problemas que afectan á la humanidad no se resuelven por medio solo de axiomas filosóficos ni de sabias legisla ciones; es factor esencial el carácter de las personas llamadas á resol verlos . Nadie puede negar que la religión cristiana es la base de la verdadera civilización. Ella representa una renovación de la vida entera de la humanidad. Ella dignificó al hombre; quebró las cadenas del esclavo; combatió la tiranía; predicó la igualdad ante Dios y ante la ley, la sumisión -
Free Trade & Family Values: Kinship Networks and the Culture of Early
Free Trade & Family Values: Kinship Networks and the Culture of Early American Capitalism Rachel Tamar Van Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2011 © 2011 Rachel Tamar Van All Rights Reserved. ABSTRACT Free Trade & Family Values: Kinship Networks and the Culture of Early American Capitalism Rachel Tamar Van This study examines the international flow of ideas and goods in eighteenth and nineteenth century New England port towns through the experience of a Boston-based commercial network. It traces the evolution of the commercial network established by the intertwined Perkins, Forbes, and Sturgis families of Boston from its foundations in the Atlantic fur trade in the 1740s to the crises of succession in the early 1840s. The allied Perkins firms and families established one of the most successful American trading networks of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and as such it provides fertile ground for investigating mercantile strategies in early America. An analysis of the Perkins family’s commercial network yields three core insights. First, the Perkinses illuminate the ways in which American mercantile strategies shaped global capitalism. The strategies and practices of American merchants and mariners contributed to a growing international critique of mercantilist principles and chartered trading monopolies. While the Perkinses did not consider themselves “free traders,” British observers did. Their penchant for smuggling and seeking out niches of trade created by competing mercantilist trading companies meant that to critics of British mercantilist policies, American merchants had an unfair advantage that only the liberalization of trade policy could rectify. -
Today in the History of Cebu
Today in the History of Cebu Today in the History of Cebu is a record of events that happened in Cebu A research done by Dr. Resil Mojares the founding director of the Cebuano Studies Center JANUARY 1 1571 Miguel Lopez de Legazpi establishing in Cebu the first Spanish City in the Philippines. He appoints the officials of the city and names it Ciudad del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus. 1835 Establishment of the parish of Catmon, Cebu with Recollect Bernardo Ybañez as its first parish priest. 1894 Birth in Cebu of Manuel C. Briones, publisher, judge, Congressman, and Philippine Senator 1902 By virtue of Public Act No. 322, civil government is re established in Cebu by the American authorities. Apperance of the first issue of Ang Camatuoran, an early Cebu newspaper published by the Catholic Church. 1956 Sergio Osmeña, Jr., assumes the Cebu City mayorship, succeeding Pedro B. Clavano. He remains in this post until Sept.12,1957 1960 Carlos J. Cuizon becomes Acting Mayor of Cebu, succeeding Ramon Duterte. Cuizon remains mayor until Sept.18, 1963 . JANUARY 2 1917 Madridejos is separated from the town of Bantayan and becomes a separate municipality. Vicente Bacolod is its first municipal president. 1968 Eulogio E. Borres assumes the Cebu City mayorship, succeeding Carlos J. Cuizon. JANUARY 3 1942 The “Japanese Military Administration” is established in the Philippines for the purpose of supervising the political, economic, and cultural affairs of the country. The Visayas (with Cebu) was constituted as a separate district under the JMA. JANUARY 4 1641 Volcanoes in Visayas and Mindanao erupt simultaneously causing much damage in the region. -
The Inventory of the William Cameron Forbes Collection #1518 [BU]
The Inventory of the William Cameron Forbes Collection #1518 [BU] Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center Forbes, William Cameron #BU 1518 Preliminary Listing I. Printed materials. Box 1 A. Page proofs 1. AS TO POLO, by William Cameron Forbes, TS, 221 p., n.d. [F. 1] 2. AS TO POLO, fragment of 6th Edition, by William Cameron Forbes, TS, 138 p., 08/14/1929. [F. 2] B. “Polo in the Philippines,” by William Cameron Forbes, Polo Monthly and Clubman, 06/1912. [F. 3] C. Approx. 50 newspaper clippings re: relations between U.S.A./Japan/China from various newspapers, 1932. [F. 4] D. Miscellaneous [F. 5] 1. “Addresses of the Hon. Secretary of War and his Party, during their stay in Manila, 1905.” 2. “Governor-General Forbes,” The American Chamber of Commerce Journal, n.d. 3. “Message of the Governor-General to the Second Philippine Legislature,” by William Cameron Forbes, 10/17/1910. 4. “The Constitution of the United States,” Old South Leaflets, n.d. 5. “American School in Japan: History and Financial Requirements,” by Mr. R. F. Moss in Tokyo, Japan, 04/24/1926. 6. 4 leaflets containing images of various polo moves, n.d. 7. “American Relief Clearing House, Comité Central des Secours Américains” booklet, n.d. 8. Advertisement in The Trotter and Pacer for the sale of “The J. Malcolm Forbes’ […] 15 head of yearlings,” 02/24/1916. 9. 9 newspaper clippings re: Major-General Leonard Wood, Japan Advertiser, 10/1921. 10. “The Truth About the Philippines,” by Katherine Mayo, Boston Evening Transcript, 12/03/1924. 11. 2 copies of “The Philippine Islands as a National Asset,” by William Cameron Forbes, Boston Evening Transcript, 03/15/1929. -
© Copyright 2013 Allan E. Lumba
© Copyright 2013 Allan E. Lumba Monetary Authorities: Market Knowledge and Imperial Government in the Colonial Philippines, 1892 – 1942 Allan E. Lumba A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2013 Reading Committee Vicente L. Rafael, Chair Laurie J. Sears Moon-Ho Jung Program Authorized to Offer Degree: History University of Washington Abstract Monetary Authorities: Market Knowledge and Imperial Government in the Colonial Philippines, 1892 – 1942 By Allan E. Lumba Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Vicente L. Rafael Department of History This dissertation argues that, from the twilight of the Spanish colonial era through the entire official American colonial insular period, the history of authority over money in the colonial Philippines reveals the emerging dominance of an authority based on knowledge of the market rather than an authority grounded strictly in sovereign power. The dominance of knowledge-based authority, especially through the first half of the twentieth century, was brought about by two specific historical changes: the positioning of the modern state as steward of the development of social life through capital and the increased intervention of the economic expert. Through close readings of multilingual archives relating to monetary, banking, and financial policies, my dissertation tracks how the legitimacy of imperial government became heavily dependent upon the colonial state’s capacity to manage and stabilize the monetary and financial system for the economic and social benefit of its subjects. Thus, despite the United States’ growing global economic hegemony, the American colonial state in the Philippines increasingly found itself beholden to the authority of the economic expert, an authority based on ! ""! its access to the seemingly natural laws of the market that both the state and the common public found illegible. -
Urban Governance Around the World
URBAN GOVERNANCE AROUND THE WORLD Edited by Blair A. Ruble Richard E. Stren Joseph S. Tulchin with Diana H. Varat Comparative Urban Studies Project URBAN GOVERNANCE AROUND THE WORLD Koffi Attahi Michael A. Cohen María Elena Ducci Steven Friedman Aprodicio A. Laquian Evelyn Levy Serhiy Maksymenko K.C. Sivaramakrishnan Richard E. Stren Ronald K. Vogel Edited by Blair A. Ruble Richard E. Stren Joseph S. Tulchin with Diana H. Varat WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS LEE H. HAMILTON, DIRECTOR BOARD OF TRUSTEES Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Chair; Steven Alan Bennett, Vice Chair. Public Members: James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress; John W. Carlin, Archivist of the United States; William R. Ferris, Chair, National Endowment for the Humanities; Roderick R. Paige, Secretary, U.S. Department of Education; Colin L. Powell, Secretary, U.S. Department of State; Lawrence M. Small, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution; Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Private Citizen Members: Carol Cartwright, John H. Foster, Jean L. Hennessey, Daniel L. Lamaute, Doris O. Matsui, Thomas R. Reedy, Nancy M. Zirkin. WILSON COUNCIL Charles S. Ackerman, B.B. Andersen, Cyrus A. Ansary, Charles F. Barber, Lawrence E. Bathgate II, Joseph C. Bell, Richard E. Berkowitz, A. Oakley Brooks, Thomas J. Buckholtz, Conrad Cafritz, Nicola L. Caiola, Raoul L. Carroll, Scott Carter, Albert V. Casey, Peter B. Clark, William T. Coleman, Jr., Michael D. DiGiacomo, Donald G. Drapkin, F. Samuel Eberts III, J. David Eller, Sim Farar, Susan Farber, Barbara Hackman Franklin, Morton Funger, Chris G. Gardiner, Eric Garfinkel, Bruce S. Gelb, Steven J. Gilbert, Alma Gildenhorn, Joseph B. -
“Racism” and Colonialism: Meanings of Difference and Ruling Practices in America’S Pacific Empire
P1: GCY Qualitative Sociology [quso] PH243-quas-477915 February 9, 2004 11:46 Style file version Nov 28th, 2002 Qualitative Sociology, Vol. 27, No. 1, Spring 2004 (C 2004) “Racism” and Colonialism: Meanings of Difference and Ruling Practices in America’s Pacific Empire Julian Go This article examines the meanings of “race” and difference in the first years of American colonialism in the Philippines, Guam, and Samoa. Moving beyond exist- ing sociological studies of “race” and “colonial discourse,”I demonstrate that the meanings of racial difference in the U.S. Pacific empire were contemporaneously polyvalent, constituting an overarching field of multiple rather than uniform classi- fications. The different meanings formed the basis for intra-imperial debate among colonizing agents. They also contributed to notable variations in forms of colonial governance and policy across the empire. The implication for future study is that “race” should best be apprehended as a “code” that takes on specific meanings and obtains its social force only in particular contexts of use and utterance. KEY WORDS: race; racism; colonialism; empire. ABBREVIATIONS BMP Bernard Moses Papers, Bancroft Library, University of California-Berkeley CE Clarence R. Edwards Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society CTIP United States Congress Committee on Territories and Insular Possessions ERP Elihu Root Papers, Library of Congress, Manuscript Division FP William Cameron Forbes Papers, Houghton Library, Harvard University TP Papers of William Howard Taft, United States Library of Congress INTRODUCTION It would seem indisputable that modern colonialism in the early twentieth century involved racism. Indeed, during colonial occupation, colonizing groups Correspondence should be directed to Julian Go, Department of Sociology, University of Illinois, 326 Lincoln Hall, 702 South Wright St., Urbana, IL 61801; e-mail: [email protected]. -
Family Forest Descendants of Thomas Emerson
Family Forest Descendants of Thomas Emerson 1 Thomas Emerson 1584 - 1666 .... +Elizabeth Brewster - 1666 . 2 Elizabeth Emerson 1622/23 - 1672 ....... +John Fuller 1620 - 1666 .... 3 Elizabeth Fuller - 1671 .......... +Thomas Upson 1600 - 1655 ....... 4 Hannah Upson 1648 - 1705 ............. +Sergeant Samuel Hickox 1643 - 1694/95 ........... 5 Samuel Hickok, Jr. 1669 - 1713 ................. +Elizabeth Plumb .............. 6 Ebenezer Hickox 1691 - 1774 .................... +Esther Beach .............. *2nd Wife of Ebenezer Hickox: .................... +Abigail Stevens ................. 7 John Hickok 1734 - 1811 ....................... +Lydia Kellogg 1740 - 1828 ..................... 8 Jesse Hickok 1769 - 1826 ........................... +Betsey Hoyt 1772 - 1852 ........................ 9 [43] John Hoyt Hickok 1792 - 1841 .............................. +[42] Mary "Polly" Lockwood 1795 - 1868 ........................... 10 [44] William Orville Hickok 1815 - 1891 ................................. +[45] Caroline Louisa Hutter 1817 - 1906 ............................... 11 [46] William Orville Hickok, Jr. 1849 - 1881 ..................................... +[47] Louisa Harrison Anderson 1850 - 1924 .................................. 12 [48] William Orville Hickok 1874 - ........................................ +[49] Avis Cochran ..................................... 13 [50] William Orville Hickok .................................. 12 [51] Ross Anderson Hickok 1876 - ........................................ +[52] Helen Rankin Hastings 1878 - ....................................