DOCSLIB.ORG

Urban Governance Around the World

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Urban Governance Around the World URBAN GOVERNANCE AROUND THE WORLD Edited by Blair A. Ruble Richard E. Stren Joseph S. Tulchin with Diana H. Varat Comparative Urban Studies Project URBAN GOVERNANCE AROUND THE WORLD Koffi Attahi Michael A. Cohen María Elena Ducci Steven Friedman Aprodicio A. Laquian Evelyn Levy Serhiy Maksymenko K.C. Sivaramakrishnan Richard E. Stren Ronald K. Vogel Edited by Blair A. Ruble Richard E. Stren Joseph S. Tulchin with Diana H. Varat WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS LEE H. HAMILTON, DIRECTOR BOARD OF TRUSTEES Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Chair; Steven Alan Bennett, Vice Chair. Public Members: James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress; John W. Carlin, Archivist of the United States; William R. Ferris, Chair, National Endowment for the Humanities; Roderick R. Paige, Secretary, U.S. Department of Education; Colin L. Powell, Secretary, U.S. Department of State; Lawrence M. Small, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution; Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Private Citizen Members: Carol Cartwright, John H. Foster, Jean L. Hennessey, Daniel L. Lamaute, Doris O. Matsui, Thomas R. Reedy, Nancy M. Zirkin. WILSON COUNCIL Charles S. Ackerman, B.B. Andersen, Cyrus A. Ansary, Charles F. Barber, Lawrence E. Bathgate II, Joseph C. Bell, Richard E. Berkowitz, A. Oakley Brooks, Thomas J. Buckholtz, Conrad Cafritz, Nicola L. Caiola, Raoul L. Carroll, Scott Carter, Albert V. Casey, Peter B. Clark, William T. Coleman, Jr., Michael D. DiGiacomo, Donald G. Drapkin, F. Samuel Eberts III, J. David Eller, Sim Farar, Susan Farber, Barbara Hackman Franklin, Morton Funger, Chris G. Gardiner, Eric Garfinkel, Bruce S. Gelb, Steven J. Gilbert, Alma Gildenhorn, Joseph B. Gildenhorn, David F. Girard-diCarlo, Michael B. Goldberg, William E. Grayson, Raymond A. Guenter, Verna R. Harrah, Carla A. Hills, Eric Hotung, Frances Humphrey Howard, John L. Howard, Darrell E. Issa, Jerry Jasinowski, Brenda LaGrange Johnson, Dennis D. Jorgensen, Shelly Kamins, Anastasia D. Kelly, Christopher J. Kennan, Michael V. Kostiw, Steven Kotler, William H. Kremer, Dennis LeVett, Harold O. Levy, David Link, David S. Mandel, John P. Manning, Edwin S. Marks, Jay Mazur, Robert McCarthy, Stephen G. McConahey, J. Kenneth Menges, Jr., Philip Merrill, Jeremiah L. Murphy, Martha T. Muse, Della Newman, Paul Hae Park, Gerald L. Parsky, Michael J. Polenske, Donald Robert Quartel, Jr., J. Steven Rhodes, John L. Richardson, Margaret Milner Richardson, Larry D. Richman, Edwin Robbins, Robert G. Rogers, Otto Ruesch, B. Francis Saul, III, Timothy R. Scully, J. Michael Shepherd, George P. Shultz, Raja W. Sidawi, Debbie Siebert, Thomas L. Siebert, Kenneth Siegel, Ron Silver, William A. Slaughter, Wilmer Thomas, Norma Kline Tiefel, Mark C. Treanor, Christine M. Warnke, Pete Wilson, Deborah Wince- Smith, Herbert S. Winokur, Jr., Paul Martin Wolff, Joseph Zappala, Richard S. Ziman ABOUT THE CENTER The Center is the living memorial of the United States of America to the nation’s twenty-eighth president, Woodrow Wilson. Congress established the Woodrow Wilson Center in 1968 as an international institute for advanced study, “symbolizing and strengthening the fruitful relation- ship between the world of learning and the world of public affairs.” The Center opened in 1970 under its own board of trustees. In all its activities the Woodrow Wilson Center is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization, sup- ported financially by annual appropriations from Congress, and by the contributions of founda- tions, corporations, and individuals. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that pro- vide financial support to the Center. | iv | TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface vii Blair A. Ruble and Joseph S.Tulchin Introduction 1 Richard Stren PART I. URBAN GOVERNANCE: SNAPSHOTS FROM AROUND THE GLOBE Chapter 1 13 Confronting Urban Issues with a Metropolitan View in Mumbai, India K.C. Sivaramakrishnan Chapter 2 18 Health and Urban Governance in Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire Koffi Attahi Chapter 3 22 Decentralization and Governance in São Paulo, Brazil Evelyn Levy Chapter 4 26 NGOs, Civil Society, and Governance in Kyiv, Ukraine Serhiy Maksymenko PART II. CHALLENGES FOR URBAN GOVERNANCE IN THE THIRD MILLENIUM Chapter 5 31 A Quest for Control: High Modernism and Its Discontents in Johannesburg, South Africa Steven Friedman | v | Poor Cities in a Global Economy: Playing by Whose Rules? 69 Richard Stren Chapter 6 74 Metro Manila: People’s Participation and Social Inclusion in a City of Villages Aprodicio A. Laquian The Importance of Participatory Planning 111 María Elena Ducci Chapter 7 114 Decentralization and Urban Governance: Reforming Tokyo Metropolitan Government Ronald K.Vogel Don Quixote and the Well-Managed City 149 Michael A. Cohen Chapter 8 153 The Principal Urban Struggles of the Third Millenium María Elena Ducci Rethinking Urban Service Delivery 187 Steven Friedman Appendix A 190 Agenda Appendix B 192 List of Participants Appendix C 193 Rapporteur’s Report Cover photograph © Reuters NewMedia Inc./Corbis | vi | PREFACE BLAIR A. RUBLE AND JOSEPH S. TULCHIN s Richard Stren notes in his introduction, large metropolitan areas are now buffeted by countless forces such as globalization, growing Adiversity, international migration, increasingly antiquated and inadequate systems of governance and public finance; all while continuing to add tens-and-hundreds of thousands of new residents to their popula- tions, and hundreds of square miles and kilometers to their built environ- ment. The end result more often than not has been the emergence of urban mega-regions that remain far too complex to be penetrated by aca- demic and policy analyses predicated on assumptions from past eras. Under what conditions can cities achieve sustainability, which Stren and his Canadian colleague Mairo Polese define elsewhere as “policies and institutions that have the overall effect of integrating diverse groups and cultural practices in a just and equitable fashion.”1 The central problem confronting cities on every continent is that of governance. The workshop summarized in this report represented an attempt to initiate an international conversation about those issues which lie at the heart of the urban governance conundrum. Participants embraced a vari- ety of perspectives from North and South, East and West;from the devel- oped, underdeveloped, and misdeveloped worlds; as well as from a variety of academic disciplines and practical experiences. Their collective assess- ment was that the challenges confronting the world’s cities are staggering. Any initial reading of the pages to follow can only move one to despair. Racially-divided Johannesburg, desperately poor and crowded Bombay, recession-ridden Tokyo, chaotic Manila, and meglomaniacal Moscow hardly seem to point the way toward the urban sustainability favored by editor Stren. A second, perhaps closer reading of the reports compiled from virtual- ly every global region, reveals an inventiveness and energy that can only provide grounds for hope. Experiments—many successful, though some not—with mechanisms which incorporate residents into decision-making over their own fates are changing the urban environment in a myriad of | vii | Preface positive ways. A new grassroots attitude evident at the micro-level has begun to change neighborhood life—and the life of neighbors with it— for the better. Understanding the “problem” of urban governance at the current moment demands a deep commitment to norms and values which accent the ability of the individual human being to affect change in his or her immediate community. Like proverbial grains of sand being transformed into a scenic beach, no single initiative appears significantly to ameliorate a growing mega-urban environment that often stretches for hundreds of miles bringing rich and poor, kinsman and enemy, men and women into immediate and often jarring proximity.Together, as one can immediately discern from the pages to follow,they point instead toward a sensibility rather than a cookbook of best practices, a sensibility that may be as effective in small and medium-sized cities as in huge metropolises. Each of the articles to follow views cities as being rooted in a com- plexity that is, itself, the product of thousands of human relationships. Custodians of urban communities—whether modest in size or mega- regions—must accept complexity and remain humble in ambition, as suc- cess is transitory and financial resources finite. Alliances among the dis- parate groups who inhabit a city are among the few building blocks at the disposal of urban managers over the medium-to-long-term. Urban gover- nors in all their variety must adopt pragmatic, process-oriented approach- es to managing their communities rather than rely on a simplistic applica- tion of recipes gleaned from a “how to” manual. The achievements of cities and the success of community participatory governance described in the pages to follow transcend time and place. They perhaps have never been more suited to the task of leading cities to brighter futures than in the vast and complex urban mega-regions of today. NOTES 1. Richard Stren and Mario Polese, “Understanding the New Sociocultural Dynamics of Cities: Comparative Urban Policy in a Global Context,” in The Social Sustainability of Cities: Diversity and the Management of Change, Richard Stren and Mario Polese, eds.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History
    ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: WAR AND RESISTANCE: THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History, 2018 Dissertation directed by: Professor Jon T. Sumida, History Department What happened in the Philippine Islands between the surrender of Allied forces in May 1942 and MacArthur’s return in October 1944? Existing historiography is fragmentary and incomplete. Memoirs suffer from limited points of view and personal biases. No academic study has examined the Filipino resistance with a critical and interdisciplinary approach. No comprehensive narrative has yet captured the fighting by 260,000 guerrillas in 277 units across the archipelago. This dissertation begins with the political, economic, social and cultural history of Philippine guerrilla warfare. The diverse Islands connected only through kinship networks. The Americans reluctantly held the Islands against rising Japanese imperial interests and Filipino desires for independence and social justice. World War II revealed the inadequacy of MacArthur’s plans to defend the Islands. The General tepidly prepared for guerrilla operations while Filipinos spontaneously rose in armed resistance. After his departure, the chaotic mix of guerrilla groups were left on their own to battle the Japanese and each other. While guerrilla leaders vied for local power, several obtained radios to contact MacArthur and his headquarters sent submarine-delivered agents with supplies and radios that tie these groups into a united framework. MacArthur’s promise to return kept the resistance alive and dependent on the United States. The repercussions for social revolution would be fatal but the Filipinos’ shared sacrifice revitalized national consciousness and created a sense of deserved nationhood. The guerrillas played a key role in enabling MacArthur’s return.
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Densification --A Sustainable Urban Policy?
    © 2002 WIT Press, Ashurst Lodge, Southampton, SO40 7AA, UK. All rights reserved. Web: www.witpress.com Email [email protected] Paper from: The Sustainable City II, CA Brebbia, JF Martin-Duque & LC Wadhwa (Editors). ISBN 1-85312-917-8 Urban densification --a sustainable urban policy? A. Skovbro Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, Department of urban and regional planning, Denmark Abstract Planning policies in many European countries advocate for the Compact City or some sort of compaction process, as a strategy to obtain a more sustainable urban development, It contrasts the car-oriented urban sprawl of many modern cities, creating longer distances between urban functions, poor access to facilities and services, less efficient infrastructure provision, loss of open land, social segregation, etc. A Compact City policy in contrast should by regeneration and densification of the urban area crei~te the opposite, thus contributing to a more sustainable development in its broadest sense, social, economic and environmental, This paper explores the implications of urban densification, Based on a case study of a Copenhagen district, the paper will show the pros and cons of urban densification and the impacts on the urban environment, focussing on the local urban environment. The casestudy will be used to conclude whether densification and compact city policies can lead to a more sustainable urban environment. 1 Towards higher densities and sustainability in the 1990s Danish national government has supported a sort of densification policy since the mid 1990s. The turn in the 1990s Itowards higher densities in urban areas was happening due to several circumsti~nces.
    [Show full text]
  • From Urban Studies to Urban Architecture: Critiques on the Use of Eurocentric Theories in Shaping the Emerging Cities” in Kudhori, D., & Kamini, Y
    BANDUNG SPIRIT BOOK SERIES TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE ECOLOGY Global Challenges and Local Responses in Africa and Asia 55 Years after the Bandung Asian-African Conference 1955 Editors: Darwis Khudori and Yukio Kamino Swadiansa, E. (2012b). “From Urban Studies to Urban Architecture: Critiques on the Use of Eurocentric Theories in Shaping the Emerging Cities” In Kudhori, D., & Kamini, Y. (ed). Towards a Sustainable Ecology: Global Challenges and Local Responses in Africa and Asia. Published in 5 countries; Beijing: OCHSPA Alliance, Malang: UB Press, Paris: GRIC Le Havre Universite, Tokyo: OISCA International, Casablanca: Africa Challenge. Pp. 235-43. ISBN: 978-602-203- 274-8. Copyright © 2012 by Darwis Kudhori This document is protected by the copyright law, authorised permission granted strictly for the open publication on Global University portal. To order complete version of the book please visit: www.bandungspirit.org Page 1 of 10 From Urban Studies to Urban Architecture: Critiques on the Use of Eurocentric1 Theories in Shaping the Emerging Cities Eka Swadiansa ABSTRACT The civilization of mankind today can be defined as an urban civilization. Historically speaking, ‘Urban Theories’ have originally been developed in Europe and later in the United States, thus today; their worldwide practices are always greatly influenced by the Eurocentric point of view. The Urban Theories were developed from ‘Urban Studies and Urban Planning’, to greater focus on ‘Urban Design and Compact City’, and to globally focus on ‘Alpha City’; however, far from these established utopia, the emerging cities are still struggling for fulfilling the basic primordial needs among their proletarian citizen. This paper is a two-section inquiry.
    [Show full text]
  • Cebu 1(Mun to City)
    TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of Cebu Province i Map of Cebu City ii - iii Map of Mactan Island iv Map of Cebu v A. Overview I. Brief History................................................................... 1 - 2 II. Geography...................................................................... 3 III. Topography..................................................................... 3 IV. Climate........................................................................... 3 V. Population....................................................................... 3 VI. Dialect............................................................................. 4 VII. Political Subdivision: Cebu Province........................................................... 4 - 8 Cebu City ................................................................. 8 - 9 Bogo City.................................................................. 9 - 10 Carcar City............................................................... 10 - 11 Danao City................................................................ 11 - 12 Lapu-lapu City........................................................... 13 - 14 Mandaue City............................................................ 14 - 15 City of Naga............................................................. 15 Talisay City............................................................... 16 Toledo City................................................................. 16 - 17 B. Tourist Attractions I. Historical........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A POLITICAL THEORY of POPULISM* Daron Acemoglu Georgy Egorov Konstantin Sonin I. Introduction There Has Recently Been a Resurgen
    A POLITICAL THEORY OF POPULISM* Daron Acemoglu Georgy Egorov Konstantin Sonin When voters fear that politicians may be influenced or corrupted by the rich elite, signals of integrity are valuable. As a consequence, an honest polit- ician seeking reelection chooses ‘‘populist’’ policies—that is, policies to the left of the median voter—as a way of signaling that he is not beholden to the interests of the right. Politicians that are influenced by right-wing special interests re- Downloaded from spond by choosing moderate or even left-of-center policies. This populist bias of policy is greater when the value of remaining in office is higher for the polit- ician; when there is greater polarization between the policy preferences of the median voter and right-wing special interests; when politicians are perceived as more likely to be corrupt; when there is an intermediate amount of noise in the information that voters receive; when politicians are more forward-looking; and http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/ when there is greater uncertainty about the type of the incumbent. We also show that soft term limits may exacerbate, rather than reduce, the populist bias of policies. JEL Codes: D71, D74. I. Introduction There has recently been a resurgence of ‘‘populist’’ politicians in several developing countries, particularly in Latin America. at MIT Libraries on April 24, 2013 Hugo Cha´vez in Venezuela, the Kirchners in Argentina, Evo Morales in Bolivia, Alan Garcı´a in Peru, and Rafael Correa in Ecuador are some of the examples. The label populist is often
    [Show full text]
  • From Urban Sprawl to Compact City – an Analysis of Urban Growth Management in Auckland
    From Urban Sprawl to Compact City – An analysis of urban growth management in Auckland Joshua Arbury For my daughter Amalia - 1 - Acknowledgements: I would like to thank everyone who participated in the questionnaires and interviews, my supervisor Ward Friesen for providing useful insights and helpful suggestions, and particularly my mother, Jacquelyn Arbury, for her priceless help with proof-reading and editing. - 2 - Contents Title 1 Acknowledgements 2 Contents 3 List of Figures 5 Chapter One – Introduction 7 Chapter Two – Urban Sprawl versus the Compact City 14 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 The rise of Urban Sprawl 18 2.3 Sustainability and Sprawl 29 2.4 The Compact City 44 2.5 Critiques of the Compact City 54 2.6 New Approaches and a Focus on Urban Design 58 2.7 Conclusions 63 Chapter Three – The Auckland Region: Problems and Responses 66 3.1 Introduction 67 3.2 A History of Auckland’s Growth 69 3.3 The Auckland Regional Growth Strategy 74 3.4 Implementing the Strategy 89 3.5 Critiquing the Regional Growth Strategy 96 3.6 Conclusions 101 Chapter Four – Implementing the Regional Growth Strategy in Auckland City: creating ‘Transit-Oriented Developments’ 104 4.1 Introduction 105 4.2 A ‘Growth Management Strategy’ for Auckland City 107 4.3 Transit-Oriented Developments 118 4.4 Conclusions 125 Chapter Five – Avondale’s Future 127 5.1 Introduction 128 - 3 - 5.2 A Brief History of Avondale 129 5.3 A ‘Liveable Community Plan’ for ‘Avondale’s Future’ 135 5.4 Visual Interpretation of Avondale’s Capacity for Growth 143 5.5 Questionnaire and Interview Results 149 5.6 Conclusions 157 Chapter Six – Conclusions 159 References 165 - 4 - List of Figures Figure 2.1: The effect of evolving transportation technologies on city form Figure 2.2: The evolving distance of a one hour commute Photo 2.1: The spatially extensive and automobile dependent urban sprawl Table 3.1: Desired regional outcomes to be achieved in a Regional Growth Strategy Table 3.2: Principles that will need to be applied to achieve desired outcomes Photo 3.1: An example of Residential 8b zone.
    [Show full text]
  • Beyond the Compact City: a London Case Study – Spatial Impacts, Social Polarisation, Sustainable 1 Development and Social Justice
    University of Westminster Duncan Bowie January 2017 Reflections, Issue 19 BEYOND THE COMPACT CITY: A LONDON CASE STUDY – SPATIAL IMPACTS, SOCIAL POLARISATION, SUSTAINABLE 1 DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL JUSTICE Duncan Bowie Senior Lecturer, Department of Planning and Transport, University of Westminster [email protected] Abstract: Many urbanists argue that the compact city approach to development of megacities is preferable to urban growth based on spatial expansion at low densities, which is generally given the negative description of ‘urban sprawl’. The argument is often pursued on economic grounds, supported by theories of agglomeration economics, and on environmental grounds, based on assumptions as to efficient land use, countryside preservation and reductions in transport costs, congestion and emissions. Using London as a case study, this paper critiques the continuing focus on higher density and hyper-density residential development in the city, and argues that development options beyond its core should be given more consideration. It critiques the compact city assumptions incorporated in strategic planning in London from the first London Plan of 2004, and examines how the both the plan and its implementation have failed to deliver the housing needed by Londoners and has led to the displacement of lower income households and an increase in spatial social polarisation. It reviews the alternative development options and argues that the social implications of alternative forms of growth and the role of planning in delivering spatial social justice need to be given much fuller consideration, in both planning policy and the delivery of development, if growth is to be sustainable in social terms and further spatial polarisation is to be avoided.
    [Show full text]
  • An International Journal for Students of Theological and Religious Studies Volume 36 Issue 3 November 2011
    An International Journal for Students of Theological and Religious Studies Volume 36 Issue 3 November 2011 EDITORIAL: Spiritual Disciplines 377 D. A. Carson Jonathan Edwards: A Missionary? 380 Jonathan Gibson That All May Honour the Son: Holding Out for a 403 Deeper Christocentrism Andrew Moody An Evaluation of the 2011 Edition of the 415 New International Version Rodney J. Decker Pastoral PENSÉES: Friends: The One with Jesus, 457 Martha, and Mary; An Answer to Kierkegaard Melvin Tinker Book Reviews 468 DESCRIPTION Themelios is an international evangelical theological journal that expounds and defends the historic Christian faith. Its primary audience is theological students and pastors, though scholars read it as well. It was formerly a print journal operated by RTSF/UCCF in the UK, and it became a digital journal operated by The Gospel Coalition in 2008. The new editorial team seeks to preserve representation, in both essayists and reviewers, from both sides of the Atlantic. Themelios is published three times a year exclusively online at www.theGospelCoalition.org. It is presented in two formats: PDF (for citing pagination) and HTML (for greater accessibility, usability, and infiltration in search engines). Themelios is copyrighted by The Gospel Coalition. Readers are free to use it and circulate it in digital form without further permission (any print use requires further written permission), but they must acknowledge the source and, of course, not change the content. EDITORS BOOK ReVIEW EDITORS Systematic Theology and Bioethics Hans
    [Show full text]
  • Trade and Crisis in the Making of Political Institutions
    GLOBALIZATION AND STATE DEVELOPMENT: TRADE AND CRISIS IN THE MAKING OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Don R. Leonard January, 2014 © 2014 Don R. Leonard GLOBALIZATION AND STATE DEVELOPMENT: TRADE AND CRISIS IN THE MAKING OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS Don R. Leonard, Ph. D. Cornell University 2014 Political institutions have been shown to play a key role in determining economic outcomes. Where do these institutions come from, and how do they change over time? Examining the puzzle of institutional divergence on the island of Hispaniola, this dissertation identifies conditions under which international economic crises lead to the emergence of a developmental state. Haiti adjusted to the global economic crisis of the 1930s through rent-seeking policies that reinforced existing patterns of state predation and economic decay. Why, despite many similarities with Haiti including geography, regime type, and agro-export dependency, did the Dominican Republic pursue developmentalist policies of import substitution when adjusting to the same crisis— policies that transformed the economic purpose of state institutions and culminated in the fastest growing economy in Latin America over the second half of the twentieth century? Among non-industrialized countries I find that the costs of a prolonged foreign exchange crisis, and the import scarcities that ensue, are borne disproportionately by the middle classes. I also find that the ability of markets in non-industrialized countries to replace foreign imports with domestically produced substitutes is constrained by investment coordination problems.
    [Show full text]
  • Pan-Pacific Union
    Vol. XL. No. 6 25 Cents a Copy December, 1930 MID-PACIFIC MAGAZINE, A JAPAN PAN-PACIFIC CLUB NUMBER IN HONOR OF PRINCE TOKUGAWA'S VISIT TO THE PAN-PACIFIC CLUB OF HONOLULU His Majesty Hirohito, the Emperor of Japan. When the Pan-Pacific Association of Japan was formed, a decade ago, Prince Iyesato Tokugawa as its first (and present) president, sent by Consul General Yada a silken Japanese flag, which was presented on the capitol steps in Honolulu to the then Governor Wallace R. Farrington, President of the Pan-Pacific Union. g 1 OOL'Mnflinatt,ColatiathaOn AA ''''''M: 11 4. f. 11 4.• h 11 1; TI-Ir artur aga3tur . CONDUCTED BY ALEXANDER HUME FORD . Volume XL . N umber 6 . • CONTENTS FOR DECEMBER, 1930 • . • Proceedings of the Pan-Pacific Club of Tokyo: .9 q Meet the American Ambassador and Old Friends at the • Pan-Pacific Club of Tokyo 503 • Friends in China 509 • By Gilbert Bowles • • • Australia and Her Workers 513 By Arthur Garrels, U. S. Consul General . • • 41 New Conditions in China 517 4. • By George Bronson Rea ez President Viscount Inouye Goes Abroad and Mr. F. H. • Brown Talks on "Athletics in Japan" - - - - 523 . Research in English Literature 529 -4 By Professor P. Huntley . • Japanese in North America 532 . 1 By Professor Shimji Yonemoto • 4 Dr. Sherwood Eddy Talks on "India" and Dr. Kirby Page • on the "Pact of Paris" 537 • . The Interdependence of Nations 543 . 2 Sir John Tilley,By British Ambassador to Japan 4 • „ Rejuvenation Reaches Japan 547 .• -.. By Professor Serge Voronoff • ED Japan's Mission of Gratitude 551 .
    [Show full text]
  • Promoting Cooperation for Sustainable Urban Development
    PROMOTING COOPERATION FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT TADASHI MATSUMOTO, PhD OECD High-level Dialogue on Sustainable Cities and Transport June 20, 2013, Berlin Outline Key message: Integrated, metropolitan-wide policy approach for urban sustainability 1. Experience in OECD cities: compact city policies 2. Urban green growth in dynamic Asia 3. OECD work on metropolitan indicators COMPACT CITY POLICIES OECD (2012), Compact City Policies: A Comparative Assessment, OECD Green Growth Studies, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264167865-en Also visit our website: www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/compact-city.htm The concept of compact City Dense and proximate Urban areas linked by Accessibility to local development patterns public transport systems services and jobs •Urban land is intensively •Effective use of urban land •Land use is mixed utilised •Public transport systems •Most residents have •Urban agglomerations are facilitate mobility in urban access to local services contiguous or close areas either on foot or using together public transport •Distinct border between urban and rural land use •Public spaces are secured … not at a city scale (in an administrative term), but at the metropolitan scale. … not only for small- and medium-sized cities, but it is relevant to cities of all sizes, even to mega-cities! Compact city policies’ contribution to urban sustainability Compact city policies can generate synergistic impacts: Compact city Environmental Economic Social benefits characteristics benefits benefits Less – Fewer CO2
    [Show full text]
  • THE REPUBLICAN PARTY's MARCH to the RIGHT Cliff Checs Ter
    Fordham Urban Law Journal Volume 29 | Number 4 Article 13 2002 EXTREMELY MOTIVATED: THE REPUBLICAN PARTY'S MARCH TO THE RIGHT Cliff checS ter Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj Part of the Accounting Law Commons Recommended Citation Cliff cheS cter, EXTREMELY MOTIVATED: THE REPUBLICAN PARTY'S MARCH TO THE RIGHT, 29 Fordham Urb. L.J. 1663 (2002). Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj/vol29/iss4/13 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The orF dham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Urban Law Journal by an authorized editor of FLASH: The orF dham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EXTREMELY MOTIVATED: THE REPUBLICAN PARTY'S MARCH TO THE RIGHT Cover Page Footnote Cliff cheS cter is a political consultant and public affairs writer. Cliff asw initially a frustrated Rockefeller Republican who now casts his lot with the New Democratic Movement of the Democratic Party. This article is available in Fordham Urban Law Journal: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj/vol29/iss4/13 EXTREMELY MOTIVATED: THE REPUBLICAN PARTY'S MARCH TO THE RIGHT by Cliff Schecter* 1. STILL A ROCK PARTY In the 2000 film The Contender, Senator Lane Hanson, por- trayed by Joan Allen, explains what catalyzed her switch from the Grand Old Party ("GOP") to the Democratic side of the aisle. During her dramatic Senate confirmation hearing for vice-presi- dent, she laments that "The Republican Party had shifted from the ideals I cherished in my youth." She lists those cherished ideals as "a woman's right to choose, taking guns out of every home, campaign finance reform, and the separation of church and state." Although this statement reflects Hollywood's usual penchant for oversimplification, her point con- cerning the recession of moderation in Republican ranks is still ap- ropos.
    [Show full text]