“China's Digital Authoritarianism: Surveillance, Influence, And
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China As a Hybrid Influencer: Non-State Actors As State Proxies COI HYBRID INFLUENCE COI
Hybrid CoE Research Report 1 JUNE 2021 China as a hybrid influencer: Non-state actors as state proxies COI HYBRID INFLUENCE COI JUKKA AUKIA Hybrid CoE Hybrid CoE Research Report 1 China as a hybrid influencer: Non-state actors as state proxies JUKKA AUKIA 3 Hybrid CoE Research Reports are thorough, in-depth studies providing a deep understanding of hybrid threats and phenomena relating to them. Research Reports build on an original idea and follow academic research report standards, presenting new research findings. They provide either policy-relevant recommendations or practical conclusions. COI Hybrid Influence looks at how state and non-state actors conduct influence activities targeted at Participating States and institutions, as part of a hybrid campaign, and how hostile state actors use their influence tools in ways that attempt to sow instability, or curtail the sovereignty of other nations and the independence of institutions. The focus is on the behaviours, activities, and tools that a hostile actor can use. The goal is to equip practitioners with the tools they need to respond to and deter hybrid threats. COI HI is led by the UK. The European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats tel. +358 400 253 800 www.hybridcoe.fi ISBN (web) 978-952-7282-78-6 ISBN (print) 978-952-7282-79-3 ISSN 2737-0860 June 2021 Hybrid CoE is an international hub for practitioners and experts, building Participating States’ and institutions’ capabilities and enhancing EU-NATO cooperation in countering hybrid threats, located in Helsinki, Finland. The responsibility for the views expressed ultimately rests with the authors. -
China's Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy After the 19Th Party Congress
China's Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy after the 19th Party Congress Paper presented to Japanese Views on China and Taiwan: Implications for U.S.-Japan Alliance March 1, 2018 Center for Strategic & International Studies Washington, D.C. Akio Takahara Professor of Contemporary Chinese Politics The Graduate School of Law and Politics, The University of Tokyo Abstract At the 19th Party Congress Xi Jinping proclaimed the advent of a new era. With the new line-up of the politburo and a new orthodox ideology enshrined under his name, he has successfully strengthened further his power and authority and virtually put an end to collective leadership. However, the essence of his new “thought” seems only to be an emphasis of party leadership and his authority, which is unlikely to deliver and meet the desires of the people and solve the contradiction in society that Xi himself acknowledged. Under Xi’s “one-man rule”, China’s external policy could become “soft” and “hard” at the same time. This is because he does not have to worry about internal criticisms for being weak-kneed and also because his assertive personality will hold sway. Introduction October 2017 marked the beginning of the second term of Xi Jinping's party leadership, following the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the First Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the CCP. Although the formal election of the state organ members must wait until the National People's Congress to be held in March 2018, the appointees of major posts would already have been decided internally by the CCP. -
Xi Jinping Stands at the Crossroads What the 19Th Party Congress Tells Us
Li-wen Tung Xi Jinping Stands at the Crossroads What the 19th Party Congress Tells Us Prospect Foundation 2018 PROSPECT FOUNDATION Xi Jinping Stands at the Crossroads What the 19th Party Congress Tells Us Author: Li-wen Tung(董立文) First Published: March 2018 Prospect Foundation Chairman: Tan-sun Chen, Ph.D.(陳唐山) President: I-chung Lai, Ph.D.(賴怡忠) Publishing Department Chief Editor: Chung-cheng Chen, Ph.D.(陳重成) Executive Editor: Julia Chu(朱春梅) Wei-min Liu(劉維民) Editor: Yu-chih Chen(陳昱誌) Published by PROSPECT FOUNDATION No. 1, Lane 60, Sec. 3, Tingzhou Rd., Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: 886-2-23654366 This article is also available online at http://www.pf.org.tw All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purposes of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-986-89374-6-8 Prospect Foundation The Prospect Foundation (hereafter as the Foundation), a private, non-profit research organization, was founded on the third of March 1997 in Taipei in the Republic of China on Taiwan. Strictly non-partisan, the Foundation enjoys academic and administrative independence. The Foundation is dedicated to providing her clients government agencies, private enterprises and academic institutions with pragmatic and comprehensive policy analysis on current crucial issues in the areas of Cross-Strait relations, foreign policy, national security, international relations, strategic studies, and international business. The Foundation seeks to serve as a research center linking government agencies, private enterprises and academic institutions in terms of information integration and policy analysis. -
2016 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC 2016)
2016 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC 2016) Yinchuan, China 28-30 May 2016 Pages 1-625 IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1651D-POD ISBN: 978-1-4673-9715-5 1/11 Copyright © 2016 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc All Rights Reserved Copyright and Reprint Permissions: Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source. Libraries are permitted to photocopy beyond the limit of U.S. copyright law for private use of patrons those articles in this volume that carry a code at the bottom of the first page, provided the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For other copying, reprint or republication permission, write to IEEE Copyrights Manager, IEEE Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854. All rights reserved. ***This publication is a representation of what appears in the IEEE Digital Libraries. Some format issues inherent in the e-media version may also appear in this print version. IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1651D-POD ISBN (Print-On-Demand): 978-1-4673-9715-5 ISBN (Online): 978-1-4673-9714-8 ISSN: 1948-9439 Additional Copies of This Publication Are Available From: Curran Associates, Inc 57 Morehouse Lane Red Hook, NY 12571 USA Phone: (845) 758-0400 Fax: (845) 758-2633 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.proceedings.com Technical Papers Session SatA01: Adaptive Control (I) Date/Time Saturday, 28 May 2016 / 13:30-15:30 Venue Room 01 Chair Wei Wang, Beihang Univ. Co-Chair Shicong Dai, Beihang Univ. 13:30-13:50 SatA01-1 Neural-based adaptive output-feedback control for a class of nonlinear systems 1 Honghong Wang, Qingdao Univ. -
China's Capacity to Manage Infectious Diseases
China’s Capacity to Manage Infectious Diseases CENTER FOR STRATEGIC & Global Implications CSIS INTERNATIONAL STUDIES A Report of the CSIS Freeman Chair in China Studies 1800 K Street | Washington, DC 20006 PROJECT DIRECTOR Tel: (202) 887-0200 | Fax: (202) 775-3199 Charles W. Freeman III E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.csis.org PROJECT EDITOR Xiaoqing Lu March 2009 ISBN 978-0-89206-580-6 CENTER FOR STRATEGIC & Ë|xHSKITCy065806zv*:+:!:+:! CSIS INTERNATIONAL STUDIES China’s Capacity to Manage Infectious Diseases Global Implications A Report of the CSIS Freeman Chair in China Studies PROJECT DIRECTOR Charles W. Freeman III PROJECT EDITOR Xiaoqing Lu March 2009 About CSIS In an era of ever-changing global opportunities and challenges, the Center for Strategic and Inter- national Studies (CSIS) provides strategic insights and practical policy solutions to decisionmak- ers. CSIS conducts research and analysis and develops policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Founded by David M. Abshire and Admiral Arleigh Burke at the height of the Cold War, CSIS was dedicated to the simple but urgent goal of finding ways for America to survive as a nation and prosper as a people. Since 1962, CSIS has grown to become one of the world’s preeminent public policy institutions. Today, CSIS is a bipartisan, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. More than 220 full-time staff and a large network of affiliated scholars focus their expertise on defense and security; on the world’s regions and the unique challenges inherent to them; and on the issues that know no boundary in an increasingly connected world. -
Chapter 2 Beijing's Internal and External Challenges
CHAPTER 2 BEIJING’S INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CHALLENGES Key Findings • The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is facing internal and external challenges as it attempts to maintain power at home and increase its influence abroad. China’s leadership is acutely aware of these challenges and is making a concerted effort to overcome them. • The CCP perceives Western values and democracy as weaken- ing the ideological commitment to China’s socialist system of Party cadres and the broader populace, which the Party views as a fundamental threat to its rule. General Secretary Xi Jin- ping has attempted to restore the CCP’s belief in its founding values to further consolidate control over nearly all of China’s government, economy, and society. His personal ascendancy within the CCP is in contrast to the previous consensus-based model established by his predecessors. Meanwhile, his signature anticorruption campaign has contributed to bureaucratic confu- sion and paralysis while failing to resolve the endemic corrup- tion plaguing China’s governing system. • China’s current economic challenges include slowing econom- ic growth, a struggling private sector, rising debt levels, and a rapidly-aging population. Beijing’s deleveraging campaign has been a major drag on growth and disproportionately affects the private sector. Rather than attempt to energize China’s econo- my through market reforms, the policy emphasis under General Secretary Xi has shifted markedly toward state control. • Beijing views its dependence on foreign intellectual property as undermining its ambition to become a global power and a threat to its technological independence. China has accelerated its efforts to develop advanced technologies to move up the eco- nomic value chain and reduce its dependence on foreign tech- nology, which it views as both a critical economic and security vulnerability. -
Monday, November 2, 2015
HIGHLIGHTS OF THE PRESIDENT’S DAILY ACTIVITIES – Monday, November 2, 2015 President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf today ended a two-day visit to Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China where she held talks with local officials and toured a number of key agro-processing and manufacturing private sector factories and companies including DAMIN which produces various coffee, tea and other fruit juices; YINLU Food Group, involved with the production of fruits juices, milk products, including NESCAFE; as well as a plantation of valuable trees and herbal products, among others. The Liberia leader and delegation returned to Beijing at 8:00 p.m. (Chinese time) Monday evening to continue with activities marking the second State Visit of President Sirleaf to China. Fujian Province is the home of the current President of the People’s Republic of China, H.E. Xi Jinping and former Chinese Ambassador to Liberia Lee Songtiang. The Liberian leader’s two-day visit to Fujian Province was intended to strengthen economic cooperation with the province and attract investors in the agriculture sector particularly fisheries and fruit juice production. She also used the occasion to further consolidate political cooperation and collaboration with the provincial government. During brief discussions with executives of the various companies during the tour, an interactive session ensued on how these companies can explore the Liberian market with their vast experience, advanced technologies and enhance economic cooperation was proposed. President Sirleaf later held talks with local officials including the Secretary General of the Chinese Communist Party and Governor of the Fujian Province, You Quan; Vice Governor Zheng Xiaosong; Major Pei Jin Jia and others on Monday, November 2, 2015. -
The Chinese Communist Party and the Diaspora Beijing’S Extraterritorial Authoritarian Rule
The Chinese Communist Party and the Diaspora Beijing’s extraterritorial authoritarian rule Oscar Almén FOI-R--4933--SE March 2020 Oscar Almén The Chinese Communist Party and the Diaspora Beijing’s extraterritorial authoritarian rule FOI-R--4933--SE Title The Chinese Communist Party and the Diaspora– Beijing’s extraterritorial authoritarian rule Titel Kinas kommunistparti och diasporan: Pekings extraterritoriella styre Rapportnr/Report no FOI-R--4933--SE Månad/Month March Utgivningsår/Year 2020 Antal sidor/Pages 65 ISSN 1650-1942 Kund/Customer Försvarsdepartementet Forskningsområde Säkerhetspolitik FoT-område Projektnr/Project no A 112003 Godkänd av/Approved by Lars Höstbeck Ansvarig avdelning Försvarsanalys Cover: Vancouver, British Columbia / Canada - August 18 2019: Hong Kong Protest and Counter-Protest in Vancouver. (Photo by Eric Kukulowicz, Shutterstock) Detta verk är skyddat enligt lagen (1960:729) om upphovsrätt till litterära och konstnärliga verk, vilket bl.a. innebär att citering är tillåten i enlighet med vad som anges i 22 § i nämnd lag. För att använda verket på ett sätt som inte medges direkt av svensk lag krävs särskild överenskommelse. This work is protected by the Swedish Act on Copyright in Literary and Artistic Works (1960:729). Citation is permitted in accordance with article 22 in said act. Any form of use that goes beyond what is permitted by Swedish copyright law, requires the written permission of FOI. 2 (65) FOI-R--4933--SE Sammanfattning Denna rapport undersöker det kinesiska kommunistpartiets politik för den kine- siska diasporan samt säkerhetskonsekvenser för diasporan och för de stater där de är bosatta. Eftersom Kina inte accepterar dubbelt medborgarskap är en stor andel av den kinesiska diasporan inte kinesiska medborgare. -
Prepared Testimony of Russell Hsiao1 Executive Director Global Taiwan
Prepared Testimony of Russell Hsiao1 Executive Director Global Taiwan Institute Before The U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission "China’s Relations with U.S. Allies and Partners in Europe and the Asia Pacific” Washington, D.C. Thursday, April 5, 2018 Vice-Chairman Bartholomew, Senator Talent, and members of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, thank you for the opportunity to participate in this hearing. A central component in the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) domestic and foreign policy toolkit is the “United Front” (統一戰線). This “mysterious” whole-of-society strategy, which engages all aspects of society, integrates party-state organizations under CCP-rule in a comprehensive stratagem that aims to control, indoctrinate, and mobilize non-CCP masses—both native and foreign—in service of the Party’s policy objectives. The system that executes this political warfare strategy has been traditionally composed of multiple party, military, and state organizations, but this system has undergone centralization in recent years with the establishment of the CCP Central Committee’s Leading Small Group on United Front (中央統戰工作領導小 組), and updated in the recent re-organization of several State Council departments responsible for overseas Chinese, religious, and ethnic minority affairs under the CCP’s United Front Work Department (UFWD).2 The most well-known and successful United Front campaigns in CCP history are the ones with the Nationalist Party (KMT, Kuomintang). In alliances forged out of necessity, the KMT and CCP formally united forces at least twice to resist their common enemies prior to the formation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949: first to expel imperialists and warlords in China then to resist the Japanese invasion during the Second Sino-Japanese War. -
Yang Obeys, but the Yin Ignores: Copyright Law and Speech Suppression in the People's Republic of China
UCLA UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal Title The Yang Obeys, but the Yin Ignores: Copyright Law and Speech Suppression in the People's Republic of China Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4j750316 Journal UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal, 29(1) Author McIntyre, Stephen Publication Date 2011 DOI 10.5070/P8291022233 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California THE YANG OBEYS, BUT THE YIN IGNORES: COPYRIGHT LAW AND SPEECH SUPPRESSION IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA Stephen McIntyret ABSTRACT Copyright law can either promote or restrict free speech: while copyright preserves economic incentives to create and pub- lish new expression, it also fences off expression from public use. For this reason, the effect of copyright law on speech in a given country depends on the particular manner in which it is under- stood, legislated, and enforced. This Article argues that copyright law in the People's Repub- lic of China (PRC) serves as a tool for speech suppression and censorship. Whereas China has engaged in official censorship for thousands of years, there has historically been little appreciation for proprietary rights in art and literature. Just as China's early twentieth century attempts to recognize copyright overlapped with strict publication controls, the PRC's modern copyright regime embodies the view that copyright is a mechanism for policing speech and media. The decade-long debate that preceded the PRC's first copy- right statute was shaped by misunderstanding,politics, ideology, and historicalforces. Scholars and lawmakers widely advocated that Chinese copyright law discriminate based on media content and carefully circumscribe authors' rights. -
Country of Origin Information Report China
Country of origin information report China July 2020 Country of origin information report China | May 2020 Publication details Location The Hague Assembled by Country of Origin Information Reports Section (AB) The Dutch version of this report is leading. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands cannot be held accountable for misinterpretations based on the English version of the report. Country of origin information report China | May 2020 Table of contents Publication details ............................................................................................2 Table of contents .............................................................................................3 Introduction ....................................................................................................6 1 Political developments ................................................................................ 8 1.1 General ..........................................................................................................8 1.2 Xi Jinping .......................................................................................................8 1.3 The Shuanggui system .....................................................................................9 1.4 The security situation .......................................................................................9 1.5 Social credit system ....................................................................................... 10 1.5.1 Companies .................................................................................................. -
Setting the Course
ISSUE 4 · 2017 《中国人大》对外版 NPC National People’s Congress of China SETTING THE COURsE General Secretary Xi Jinping (1st L) and other members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the 19th CPC Central Committee Li Keqiang (2nd L), Li Zhanshu (3rd L), Wang Yang (4th L), Wang Huning (3rd R), Zhao Leji (2nd R) and Han Zheng (1st R), meet the press after being elected on Octo- ber 25, 2017. Ma Zhancheng SPECIAL REPORT 6 New CPC leadership for new era Contents 19th CPC National Congress Special Report In-depth 28 6 26 President Xi Jinping steers New CPC leadership for new era Top CPC leaders reaffirm mission Chinese economy toward 12 at Party’s birthplace high-quality development Setting the course Focus 20 Embarking on a new journey 32 National memorial ceremony for 24 Nanjing Massacre victims Grand design 4 NATIONAL PeoPle’s CoNgress of ChiNa NPC President Xi Jinping steers Chinese 28 economy toward high-quality development 37 National memorial ceremony for 32 Nanjing Massacre victims Awareness of law aids resolution ISSUE 4 · 2017 36 Legislation Chairman Zhang Dejiang calls for pro- motion of Constitution spirit 44 Encourage and protect fair market 38 competition China’s general provisions of Civil NPC Law take effect General Editorial Office Address: 23 Xijiaominxiang, Xicheng District Beijing 39 100805,P.R.China Tibetan NPC delegation visits Tel: (86-10)6309-8540 Canada, Argentina and US (86-10)8308-3891 E-mail: [email protected] COVER: Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of ISSN 1674-3008 Supervision China (CPC), speaks when meeting the press at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Oc- CN 11-5683/D tober 25, 2017.