Learning to Drive? a GUIDE for Parents: Everything You Will Need and Want to Know

3rd Edition 2012/13

Is your child Learning to Drive? A GUIDE FOR Parents: Everything you will need and want to know

Sponsored by:

drive well, pay less

©driveiq 2012 www.driveiq.co.uk INTRODUCTION from the authOr: 1 in 5 will have I’m not a driving instructor looking for business, or a a crash in their first company trying to sell you insurance or a car. I am a 12 months of driving parent, who also happens to be the CEO of a community ‘‘ interest company (not-for-profit) which provides free and and road crashes potentially life-saving, computer-based driver education for young people and their schools. are the main cause Over the past 7 years I have dedicated my time to of death for young understanding the road safety industry and the problems and dangers surrounding young drivers. My team and I will people aged 15-24 stop at nothing to ensure that mums and dads are spared the pain of a child being killed or seriously injured in a car crash. The wheels of government move slowly and a number of ’’ their official recommendations are already lagging behind the innovations that some private companies are making. CONTENTS This is why I want to share with you everything I know, so you can make informed decisions when it’s your child’s Safety checklist 03 moment to sit in the drivers seat. Young drivers – Why are they so 05 Never forget, driving is probably the riskiest thing a at risk? teenager will do. 1 in 5 will have a crash in their first 12 months of driving (post-passing their test) and road Drive iQ 09 crashes are the main cause of death for young people Drive iQ at School/College 11 aged 15-24. Thankfully there is much that can be done to reduce this risk. Better education has the power to save Provisional licence application 13 lives. So please join the ever growing army of parents who How to choose a driving instructor 15 are using the resources of Drive iQ to make their children safer drivers. In-car lessons 17 If you need to contact me or have feedback about the Drive iQ PRO 19 guide, please do not hesitate to get in touch. Expert opinon 21 Best, Private practice 23 Sarah Rowley, CEO a2om CIC Booking tests & post-test 24 [email protected] Your community 27 @Drive_iQ Introducing Drive iQ ambassador, 28 www.driveiq.co.uk Sophie Morgan T: 01483 604019 Young driver insurance 29 Choosing a first car 33 Tyres 36 RoadSafe for Parents 37 UN Decade of Action 38 The a2om CIC (pronounced “atom kick”) is a Community Interest Company (100% not-for-profit) dedicated to saving young lives through better knowledge and education for novice drivers and their parents. The a2om CIC distributes Drive iQ into school/colleges/ communites for free.

01 Better education WILL help to save lives

• There is a physiological reason why young people so why bother to make poor judgment calls behind the wheel read this guide? • Young people these days face even more distractions when they drive than ever before. no time to read? Then check out our • Pretty much every recommendation in this guide podcast at: www.driveiq.co.uk/parents is for a free resource that could make all the difference. • Not all driving instructors should be driving instructors! How will you choose yours? Only have 2 minutes to spare and just want the bare bones? (see pages 3 and 4) • There is a bit of a postcode lottery for the provision of local road safety initiatives and programmes. Find out what is available in your area. • 1,901 people were killed on UK roads in 2011 - The first rise in figures since 2003. 430 of these This guide will help parents make informed fatal crashes involved a young driver (aged 17-24). ‘‘choices about every aspect of their child’s driving • In the same year, 23,122 people were seriously journey, from applying for a provisional licence injured and 178,927 slightly injured. to passing their test, buying a car, insurance and ultimately, driving into the future as a safe and • Much of the advice available about this subject competent motorist. concentrates on different interpretations of the problem. This guide is about tangible solutions ’’ that will have a positive effect straight away. Edmund King President, AA • It is estimated that 19 out of 20 crashes are contributed to by poor attitude and behaviour, not lack of vehicle handling skill. • Teenagers are the most vulnerable group of road users and passing the driving test provides little protection from danger.

02 Your Safety Checklist: If you aren’t so interested in the why, but just want to do all you can to ensure your child will be a safe driver for life… On Your Marks… Testing…Testing… Drive iQ – Free brain-training for 16+ year olds. The first time pass rate for the practical test is only Attitude & behaviour skills before they even think around 40%...and tests aren’t cheap - £31 for the about the technical stuff. theory & £62 for the practical (£75 if you want one at the weekend/evening). Get instant access at www.driveiq.co.uk Booking Tests – Made easy for you on page 24 Get Set… Your child can’t start their in-car lessons without a YOUR FIRST CAR Provisional Licence. Choosing a First Car. Go with your head, not your heart. Application made easy for you on page 13 or go to: www.gov.uk/apply-first-provisional-driving-licence Check out our guide on page 31 or at: www.ingenie.com GO pRO… Choose a Drive iQ PRO driving instructor, because I could buy a new CAR they deliver the most comprehensive training in for that! town (and in the country)! Young Driver Insurance can be very expensive. Don’t settle for less. It costs the same. Just gives more. Consider telematics insurance... the better they drive PRO instructors are from major driving schools such as the less it costs and the safer they will be. AA & RED, plus hundreds of independents nationwide. Find yours at www.driveiq.co.uk/students See page 29.

Practice Makes Perfect… Post Match Fitness Make sure you have: Provisional Licence Insurance / L 1 in 5 crash in the first year of driving Plates / Lesson plans & Nerves of steel! (post-passing their test). Make it count. The government suggests they do Post Test Training – is included in Drive iQ PRO. 20+ hours of private practice. Spare your nerves and Otherwise think very seriously about some night-time your wing mirrors by looking at our Private Practice and motorway lessons. for Parents Guide – see page 23. It complements the Drive iQ PRO programme.

Find out more at: www.driveiq.co.uk/parents

03 The Finishing Line… almost! The most dangerous time for a young driver is the It’s never too first 1,000 miles. A “stage managed” approach to this critical time is early to start essential to give a young driver the best possible Be a great role model protection and start as a solo driver. The highest risk for young inexperienced drivers is when they drive at night, on rural roads, with Don’t rush THEM passengers (especially other teens), on motorways and at weekends. to test before they are properly prepared Suggested Approach: 1st 1,000 miles – chaperoned drives with an experienced driver. Practice the high risk drives under your supervision. Evidence suggests this approach Encourage dramatically reduces crash risk. the parents of their friends 1000-5000 miles – Solo driving - No passengers, No to do as much as you are phones (even handsfree) 5000-10,000 miles – only 1 passenger, No phones (even handsfree) Don’t put them in an old car that may not afford enough YOUR ACTION = THEIR PROTECTION protection if the worst happens You can find out more about every item on this checklist in this guide. Use telematics to protect them and save money Set guidelines FOr when they drive with friends.

Ensure your child knows all the legal stuff insurance, tax, MOT etc.

04 The DilemmA Most parents are acutely aware that the riskiest thing their teenager will ever do is get behind the wheel as a solo driver, not to mention be driven by their peers.

Statistics do little to lessen this anxiety – In 2011; 430 young drivers (17-24 year olds) were involved in fatal The Teenage Brain car crashes. So where do we start? By understanding what goes on in a teenagers head. (Yes, it is possible)! Most driving experts tell us that driving is a complex task. You need to learn far more than just technical skill to stay safe, ideally The frontal lobe of the brain (the part over an extended period of time in a graduated way. responsible for anticipating danger, emotion, impulse, eye movement and assessing risk etc.) doesn’t fully Steve Stradling develop until a young person is around Professor Emeritus, Edinburgh Napier University. the age of 25. Skill at Driving is Necessary but not Sufficient. Skill Deficit + Attitude Deficit = Unsafe Driving Error + Violation = Crash When you know this, it is easy to understand why so many young drivers come unstuck. Most young people want to be safe and good drivers, yet are Add to this the fact that 19 out of 20 crashes are keen to pass their test as quickly as possible, and more often contributed to by poor attitude and behaviour, than not don’t want to do anything above the bare minimum rather than lack of vehicle handling skills and the to get a licence and get out on the road. picture is clearer still.

1 in 5 crash within their first year of driving (post-passing the practical test).

So how can we help to give parents worry free nights? Respond to the expert opinion and at the same time not penalise the conscientious young driver who won’t break the law and just wants to get from A to B? The answer... Simply put, (as with most other subjects), we must provide structured, engaging education. In this case, to ensure young people are A* driver’s and not just passes.

05 The science bit! expert opinion The amount of gray matter between the ages of four and twenty-one years Despite many improvements in vehicle safety systems and road infrastructure over ‘‘several decades, the human element continues to be the major factor behind road crashes. There is little evidence that passing the driving test means novice drivers are safe. indeed, they are more at risk Driving is a life skill potentially riddled with risk. The of crash involvement post average learner only has around 40* hours of lessons with test than at any other time in an instructor and more often than not, this time won’t their driving careers. include coaching on essential elements such as how your attitude and behaviour may affect your driving… just how Drive iQ’s enhanced focus you pass a standard test. on hazard awareness improves the ability to judge traffic situations and The Driving Standards Agency (DSA) is part of The Department for Transport and responsible considers the attitudinal for setting standards and conducting theory & and behavioural factors practical tests. associated with risk.

*DSA research shows that learners who have Dr Lisa Dorn a combination of professional instruction Reader on Driver Behaviour, Cranfield University and private practice do better at the driving test. On average, those who pass have had 47 ’’ hours professional instruction and 20 hours of private practice.

Getting young newly qualified drivers to understand that their actions behind the ‘‘wheel can have far-reaching implications is still our greatest challenge.

Adrian Walsh Director, RoadSafe ’’

06 Expert Opinion Professor Stephen Stradling Driving is Difficult What makes a good driver?

Activity choice, mode and A good driver is both competent and caring departure time choice. strategic TASKs Discern route alternatives and travel time. C concentration

Find and follow chosen or What’s happening? changed route; identify o Observation Navigation tasks and use landmarks and other cues. A Anticipation What might happen next?

Choose and keep correct road TASKs position on road. s Space Allow manoeuvres to avoid intersecting t Time trajectories Maintain mobility traffic TASKs (‘making progress’) while avoiding collisions. Concentration Attention Allocation: Young drivers are easily Obey rules, regulations, distracted by passengers and in-car electronics. rule TASKs signs and signals.

Use in-car controls Observation Handling tasks correctly and Visual Search: Young drivers tend to focus more appropriately. on the vehicle in front rather than looking ahead and to the sides for hazards. Maintain a speed speed task appropriate to the conditions. Anticipation

Use in-car equipment Anticipation: Young drivers are less likely to look such as cruise control, ahead for developing situations & emerging hazards. Secondary tasks climate control, sat nav without distracting Hazard Detection: Young drivers are slower at detecting from performance on hazards compared to older more experience drivers. primary tasks.

Mood Maintain driver subjective well-being, Manoeuvres management avoiding boredom and Vehicle Control: Young drivers have less experience at task anxiety. making emergency manoeuvres and are vulnerable to Avoid compromising over compensating and losing control. Capability driver capability with alcohol or other drugs Automaticity: young drivers have a lack of experience maintenance (both illegal and and therefore have not acquired fluid switching of task prescription), fatigue or driving tasks under stressful conditions. distraction. Theory! Perception of Risk: Risk tends to be underestimated by young drivers. Self-Assessment: Young drivers tend to overestimate their ability to drive.

07 Stradling was a professor of transport psychology at the Transport Research There needs to be a Institute, Edinburgh Napier University, comprehensive approach: where he undertook research on which Driving is not a right, it’s a driver behaviours identify the ‘crash ‘‘responsibility. The Education magnets’ on our roads, and why we love and training of safe drivers our cars so much and don’t switch to more requires a life-long approach. sustainable transport modes. In 2011 Drivers with bad attitude put he reported to the Scottish Government themselves and innocent on what they, together with instructors, others at risk on the road. parents, employers, the police, insurers and public transport providers could and should Parents and young drivers do about the young, novice driver problem, should sign up to a Parent including trialing a Graduated Licensing Pact which extends adult Scheme. supervised driving for the first few months beyond passing the test and offers adult assistance in driving in less practised scenarios such as motorways and fast dual-carriageways, night driving and driving in really bad weather.

Professor Stephen Stradling Emeritus Professor of Transport Psychology, Edinburgh Napier University’’

08 Drive iQ - Free brain-training for every 16+ year old in the UK

Understanding that driving is complicated and far more than just learning a technical skill is key to safety. The paradox is we Developing skills that will help a young driver detect often praise people for hazards faster is critical. passing their driving test Education is essential in order to create a more first time and quickly, respectful attitude towards driving. ‘‘ completely missing the point that it is the experience gained through a longer learning process which is likely to be their a2om (pronounced “atom”) is an education software biggest saving grace. development specialist that works with multinational corporations to provide education for their drivers. Drive iQ is an opportunity As part of a2om’s commitment to support the UN Decade for us to share some of Action, they have graciously donated free access to their of our work with multi pre-driver & driver programmes - Drive iQ & Drive iQ PRO, to national companies to help ensure every young person in the UK can benefit from these young people Understand potentially life-saving resources. the factors which will www.a2om.com most dramatically impact their driving, keeping them, what is drive iQ? and other road users, Drive iQ is an online, e-learning, educational platform that safer as a result. puts novices through potentially hazardous road scenarios. It delivers high-definition footage of actual cockpit situations - Nick Rowley driving in town, in the country, and in all conditions. CEO a2om International Drive iQ has been designed to address the fact that new ’’ drivers are often poor at recognising hazards as potential danger (due to their lack of experience). It allows young novices/new drivers the opportunity to broaden their experience base in a modern, interactive and engaging way. It also helps them to understand how to be a responsible passenger, for example, understanding that distracting your friend who is driving can have lethal consequences.

09 There are 6 online modules: Drive iQ modules are used by Thames Valley Of course there is a need to master the Mirror, Signal, Police for their Young Drivers Scheme (YDS). Manoeuvre abilities, but addressing cognitive and Independent evaluation has shown more than behavioural skills is also essential. Using Drive iQ a 60% reduction in re-offending in those who before, during and post the learning to drive process completed the modules. will accelerate frontal lobe maturation and hone the Source: Anders Wahlberg skills often neglected by young drivers. Drive iQ doesn’t just work because it has been created by industry experts using the latest evidence-based research. It goes further by delivering its compelling learning in a “coaching” style.

PERCEPTION EYE SCANNING DISTRACTION

ANATOMY OF SEATBELTS CYCLING A CRASH COACHING The aim is to effect behaviour change by allowing young people to self-reflect and work problems out for themselves. This coaching technique will in turn create a more engaged and motivated student with an increased capacity for recall.

For example in the Anatomy of a Crash and Seatbelt Modules: Firstly, we set the scene. Then we ask a question? The answer given registers, but doesn’t tell you if you are right/wrong. You work through the module and at the end are asked the same question again.

9 times out of 10 the answer will be different, but correct.

Drive iQ is currently being used by more than 40,000 young peoplE in the uk.

To get FREE & INSTANT access to Drive iQ simply go to www.driveiq.co.uk

10 Drive iQ at School/ College Testimonials Each of the Drive iQ modules is accompanied by a teacher workshop plan that allows this essential life Drive iQ is a great initiative that has skill to become part of the curriculum or be used as an supported our students to develop skills that assembly or tutorial topic. ‘‘ will last them a lifetime. It Is fantastic to have The workshop plans enable you to run an hour long, something so well developed. interactive peer-to-peer session. The idea is to ignite Chichester College discussion. The discussion is supported by the online ’’ West Sussex modules to bring this topic to life in a subliminal, yet powerful way. Research tells us that by using e-learning in conjunction We used Drive iQ with all of our Year 12’s with a peer-to-peer discussion you maximize the impact ‘‘& 13’s. When we first mentioned the lesson to the student. was going to be about road safety, they were very negative – expecting the usual preaching about driving too fast. However, after logging on to the software, they had a great time and really used it to its full potential. Blessed Hugh Faringdon School ’’ Berkshire

Having watched students engrossed in the ‘‘Drive iQ software and asked them for feedback, I am convinced that it will raise awareness and highlight road safety issues common amongst our young and inexperienced pre and new drivers. The students found it both challenging and fun. Even those who had recently passed their tests were impressed by the amount of new knowledge they had gained. Gill Starkie ’’ Road Safety Officer

Teacher Facilitator Notes

11 PSHE – Personal Social Health Education. By Sarah Smart, CEO PSHE Association It makes a major contribution to the health, wellbeing safety and protection of our children and young people and provides opportunities to learn recognising, As our children grow up and become increasingly assessing and managing risk. independent so our ability as parents to control their decisions and behaviour and protect their PSHE education is best taught through a planned, health and their safety declines. developmental programme in the curriculum. For more info visit www.pshe.association.org.uk At some point during our children’s growing up years they will be faced with many of the following ‘first’ Drive iQ has been approved moments: for use as part of a PSHE programme • Travel to school or into town on my own for the first time Driving is still statistically the most likely cause of • Drive a car on my own for the first time death and harm for young people between 15-24, therefore, we feel it has a right to sit alongside other • Make my first decision to spend my own money social issue topics in the classroom, such as drug • Witness or experience my first incident of bullying misuse and teenage pregnancy. • Experience the start of puberty Drive iQ won the Prince Michael • Be offered and perhaps have my first taste of alcohol International Road Safety Award in 2011 for its work in schools • Be offered my first cigarette • Make my first decision about drug use • Meet my first boyfriend or girlfriend • Take on my first financial debt • Attend my first interview • Have my first day at college or at my first job • Vote for the first time

Who is going to teach the knowledge and skills our children will need to manage these ‘first moments’ and stay healthy and safe?

All schools are required to provide ‘a broad and balanced curriculum’ that ‘prepares young people for the opportunities and responsibilities of adult life’. PSHE education has a vital role to play in this.

PSHE education deals with real life issues which affect our children and provides them with the knowledge, understanding, skills and attitudes that help to prepare young people for these first moments.

12 Applying for a Provisional Licence The DVLA (Driver & Vehicle Licensing Agency) handle the applications. Only original documents are required, as the DVLA will not accept The applicant must be a resident of Great Britain and meet photocopies. the minimum age and eyesight requirements (be able to read a new style number plate from 20m and an old style one Do not send in a passport if it may be from 20.5m). needed within the next month. The licence is valid from the driver’s 17th birthday; however, they may apply up to 3 months before they are 17 (still • If using one of the newer UK digital passports unable to take a theory test until they are actually 17). (i.e. the photo and signature are on the same page) the DVLA can confirm identity automatically, so will not require original You are able to apply for a provisional licence at 16 documents to be submitted. Simply enter the if the licence is to ride a moped (with an engine 9 digit passport number on the D1 form size of up to 50cc and a max speed of 50 km/h). and sign. • Using one of the older UK non-digital Applying by post: passports will mean that the original document will have to be submitted. (The Use Form D1 – you can get one from either the Post Office DVLA will usually return your documents or request online via the DVLA Form Ordering Service: within 10 working days, separately from your https://www.dvla.gov.uk/dvla/onlineservices/order_forms licence, by first class post). Completion of this form includes telling the DVLA: • Other forms of ID that are acceptable include: • About any pre or existing medical conditions that may a National ID Card issued by a member state affect the applicants driving of the European Community (EC)/European Economic Area (EEA) or a Biometric Residence • About any convictions they may have for breaking rules Permit (formerly know as the ID Card for (motoring or otherwise) foreign nationals) or a UK Certificate of • Confirming applicants identity* Naturalisation. • Sending a colour photo (passport size) If you don’t want to send your passport you can send a UK Birth/Adoption The photo needs to be certified if not using a Certificate with your National passport to confirm identity.T he person signing the Insurance Card instead. back of the photo must also complete section 6 of the D1 form. Those eligible to sign include: Doctor, Teacher, MP, Premium Checking Local business person/Shop keeper, Police Officer, Service: Bank Officer,L ibrarian...etc. The person signing must have known the applicant for a minimum of 2 years. The Post Office will check the application after verifying your identity (take copies of the original documents) & send it to the DVLA. It costs £4.00 *Identity Confirmation: and means you may not have to send original documents away. • The applicant needs to have a UK passport or another form of ID • Be able to provide addresses of where they have lived over the last 3 years

13 740 branches of the Post Office offer this The same photo from your passport will be service. To find the one nearest to you go to: used for your licence. If you do not want the www.postoffice.co.uk L( ook under counter same photo or do not have a digital passport services/UK driving licences). you will need to send a photo by post – a completion form will be available at the end of the online application to do this. Fee: For a first provisional driving licence the fee is £50.00 Application Duration: (as of going to print Oct 2012). Cheques/postal orders made payable to DVLA Swansea (do not post date This can take up to 10 working days. A person must your cheque). Write your full name and address and not drive until they have received their licence. driver’s date of birth on the back. Replacement Cost: Send: If you lose a licence the replacement fee is £20.00. The completed form, identity documents, passport photograph and fee to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1AD. The counterpart should be kept somewhere safe. It is needed for both theory & practical Application Duration: tests and extremely important post passing This can take up to 3 weeks – a person must not drive the test. until they have received their licence.

Applying Online: www.gov.uk/apply-first-provisional-driving-licence • Register personal details in order to receive a Government Gateway User ID. No online applications can be made until the applicant has one of these. • Complete the form online: If you hold a UK digital passport you can just fill in the 9 digit passport number.

A Photocard Provisional Licence and the Counterpart Section 14 Choosing a Driving Instructor Approved Driving The check test gives an instructor a grade Instructor (ADI) from 4-6 (4 being competent, 6 being The DSA recommend that when a person learns to drive outstanding). they do so with a trained professional, an Approved Driving Instructor (ADI) and undertake on average 45 hours of professional lessons and a further 22 hours of private practice However, use caution when using this as a guide. (most do a lot less than this). Check-testing is a slow process nationwide and it may be a Grade 5 instructor should be a 6, but So what has the ADI had to do to become fully qualified? just hasn’t been tested for a few years (and vice They must study and pass a 3 part instructor test: versa, he could have slipped to a 4)! • Part 1: Theory • Part 2: Own Driving Ability ! beware • Part 3: Teaching Skills There is no excuse for an instructor not displaying his/her badge (in fact they will receive a £1000 fine if they get caught not displaying it whilst Once they have done this they are given one of these teaching). The badge should have their name, to put in the front windscreen of their car. ADI number, a valid date and a photo of the instructor on the reverse side (the photo must be taken within the last 4 years). Approved Driving Instructor Green Badge The DSA also ensure ADIs undergo enhanced CRB (Criminal Records Bureau) checks. If you have any concerns about an ADI, call the DSA on 0300 200 1122.

! beware beware Lots teach without a badge! It is illegal for anyone other than an ADI/PDI to receive payment or reward for giving driving lessons. So what do driving Some instructors are not fully qualified, known as Potential instructors actually Driving Instructors (PDIs). They can still teach (and charge) for driving lessons. They have a different badge: teach? They follow guidelines set out by the DSA. Potential Driving Instructor Pink Badge ! beware There is no way of checking the actual method, style of delivery and even if the entire curriculum has been followed correctly, in full and in a logical sequence. Only a pass or fail on test day – which isn’t necessarily an accurate measure that every Every ADI is asked to abide by a Code of Conduct and is element has been properly covered. check-tested by the DSA every 2-4 years

15 HOW TO CHOOSE AN ADI: expert opinion Surprising as it may be, some parents do very little research and spend next to no time when selecting a Minimum European Requirements for driving driving instructor for their child. The norm seems to be Instructor Training (MERIT) Findings: based on personality, a recommendation from a friend, • Not all aspects of safe driving can be tested or an instructor who has a good first time pass rate. in the driving test. Therefore an efficient transmission of the key messages for safe Ask LOTS of questions! driving is essential. Demand more for your child. The lowest number of • The better qualified driving instructors are, lessons or the quickest first time pass rate, may not the more they can influence the driving mean the ADI is better than another. Fewer hours behaviour of their learner drivers. of tuition often means no coaching is given about • To have driving instructors who are real potentially life-saving issues such as how attitude and safety experts is a basic precondition for behaviour affect driving. reducing the high accident involvement of novice drivers on European roads. You cannot avoid this • Most importantly, the driving instructor truism: training and testing curriculum must correspond to the demands of road safety. • Not everyone learns best by being told what Fewer Lessons = Less to do. Experience = More Danger.

There are NO shortcuts

Of course it is important to find out if the instructor is fully qualified, the basics – what type of car they use, do they teach at weekends etc. However, it is far more important to find out about the individual and their teaching style.

! beware Never forget, this is the person an impressionable teenager may spend up to 40 or more hours with alone. Most instructors will not have a teaching, coaching or psychology background. They may also have only limited experience in dealing with modern day teenagers! Approximately 98% of ADI’s are self-employed, so regardless of the badge on the side of the car, (big or small driving school), it’s still about the quality of the individual.

16 In-car Lessons

Drivers record What does the

boxes 1-4 should government say? 1 = introduced 2 = under full instruction 3 = prompted 4 = seldom prompted 5 = independent be initialled and dated

cockpit checks pedestrian crossings COCKPIT CHECKS 5 date PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS 5 date The DSA Consultation Paper 2010: initials initials inst. no inst. no safety checks “The current driving test is seen to focus too heavily on SAFETY CHECKS 5 date dual DUALcarr CARRIAGEWAYSiageways 5 date initials initials vehicle control. Recent research shows how attitude, inst. no inst. no controls & instruments turning the vehicle around CONTROLS & INSTRUMENTS 5 date TURNING THE VEHICLE AROUND 5 date understanding of risk and interaction with other road initials initials users are important to safe driving. New learning inst. no inst. no movingMOVING away AWAY & sto & STOPPINGpping 5 date reversREVERSINGing 5 date initials initials options can help drivers make a better assessment inst. no inst. no parking safe pSAFEosit POSITIONINGioning 5 date PARKING 5 date of their own ability, develop safer attitudes and drive initials initials inst. no inst. no more responsibly” emergency stop mirrorsMIRRORS - visi on- VISION & use & USE 5 date EMERGENCY STOP 5 date initials initials The Transport Select Committee Report, July 2012: inst. no inst. no darkness signalsSIGNALS 5 date DARKNESS 5 date “Driving Test not fit for purpose” initials initials inst. no inst. no weather conditions anticANTICIPATIONipation & p &lann PLANNINGing 5 date WEATHER CONDITIONS 5 date DSA Business Plan 2012/13: initials initials inst. no inst. no

DSA intends to review and modernise the content of use oUSEf sp OFeed SPEED 5 date 1 = introduced 3 = prompted 5 = independent initials the education, training and testing arrangements so inst. no legalLEGAL resRESPONSIBILITIESponsibilities 5 initials date otherOTHER traffi TRAFFICc date 5 inst. no that drivers and riders have a broader range of skills initials envENVIRONMENTALironment issuesISSUES inst. no 5 initials date JUNCTIONS and knowledge that enable them to become, and junctions 5 date inst. no initials pPassengersASSENGERS & CARRYINGcarrying LOADS loads remain, safe and responsible road users. inst. no 5 initials date inst. no roundaROUNDABOUTSbouts 5 date initials securSECURITYity inst. no 5 initials date inst. no You are most likely already aware that the majority of school subjects have moved away from using a one-off test as the As you can see, there is NO mention of how preferred measure of competency and instead use continuous attitude and behaviour or different circumstances assessment compiled over many months. Why? Because may affect your driving or how to use coping it is the only fair measure, no matter what a students strategies to address issues such as peer pressure. learning style, thus appropriately grading their ability and understanding of a subject. So, with 1 in 5 having a crash in their first year of driving (post-passing the test) and the fact that SO WHY SHOULD DRIVING BE ANY DIFFERENT? an estimated 19/20 crashes are contributed to The answer is…IT SHOULDN’T! poor attitude and behaviour, not lack of vehicle handling skill. How comfortable do you feel What do driving instructors that this checklist of 24 skills is enough? actually teach? Although you might think it is stating the obvious, understanding the DSA syllabus is important. As you have already read, even the official view is that “the driving test is not fit for purpose”, so does this mean the recommended preparation for the test is also lacking? The DSA provides an ADI with a Driver’s Record to track their student’s progress and readiness to take their driving test. It is based on the recommended syllabus for learning to drive – basically a list of 24 key technical skills.

17 expert opinion Institute of Advanced Motorists (IAM) RED Driving School Young Drivers – where & when they are unsafe: has recently made a analysis of road crashes in GB, August 2008 significant financial Young driver crashes: ‘‘ The most likely circumstances: commitment to introduce • Older cars a new educational • 3 or more casualties in the car resource to its customers. • Crashes at night and at weekends This online educational • Driving on wet roads in fine weather, or in rain, fog or mist platform which is to be • Minor roads in rural areas with a 60mph launched imminently to speed limit all RED customers, • On bends • Skidding and in some cases overturning supports the school’s • Leaving the road, and in many cases hitting a in-car tuition and is roadside object or entering a ditch especially aimed At helping The most common factors: pupils understand the • Inexperience, poor judgement in more huge impact of attitude difficult conditions • Inadequate car control (single vehicle accidents, and behaviour on their skidding, overturning, leaving the road) driving. As the UK’s most • Lifestyle factors (social driving, peer pressure, alcohol) progressive driving • Economic factors (most likely to have school, RED is particularly cheaper, older cars offering less protection) happy that Drive iQ now The results: includes a cycling module The results of this study indicates that to help broaden awareness improvements can be brought through measures aimed at young drivers: for all road users, bringing • Including road safety education at the core better understanding, of the school curriculum. education and training • More training and accompanied practice in using rural roads and driving in a wider range to the widest audience of conditions. possible. • More training on how to anticipate and avoid dangers. Ian McIntosh • Insurance companies reducing premiums for CEO, Red Driving School young drivers so they can afford better cars. ’’ • Guiding parents on helping their children to become safer drivers. • Greater emphasis on training and improvement post-passing the driving test.

18 Drive iQ PRO: FREE in-car syllabus that goes the extra mile

The Drive iQ PRO in-car syllabus works in conjunction with normal driving lessons. Based on the official DSA system it covers all the practical skills needed to pass the driving test. However, it also goes further (much further)…

• Merges conventional driving tuition with expert coaching techniques • Focuses on how attitude & behaviour affects your driving by using the ethos behind the Goals for Driver Education (GDE Matrix) see page 21 • Delivered by specially re-trained ADIs – forward thinking individuals intent on raising their professional and educational standards • Provides a further 16 online Drive iQ modules (including the full bank of theory test questions and practice for the Hazard Perception test) and 11 practical lesson supports • Incorporates essential post-test training, night-time & motorway driving • Can lead to an Edexcel BTEC Level 2 in Driving Science qualification • Can lead to an insurance discount (more on this later) Like other instructors Drive iQ PRO Coaches charge an hourly rate for lessons. Drive iQ PRO consists of 5 Units There is NO premium for the Drive iQ PRO syllabus. (1 post-test). It is a self-paced system that encourages self-awareness and You simply request the programme when you call up to reflective learning. book your first lesson.

So where do you find one of these Drive iQ PRO Coaches… Go to www.driveiq.co.uk Our directory includes ADIs from the AA, BSM, RED as well as hundreds of independents, nationwide. If there isn’t currently an instructor in your area, please contact us.

19 Testimonials

Young people have a My students love the interaction on the computer. lot going on in their lives – ‘‘It helps open their eyes (and minds) to a side of driving relationships, exams, all sorts they haven’t considered before. ‘‘of worries about things that PRO Coach ’’ matter a great deal to them. Understanding every journey The modules are brilliant and really addictive. I is different, is key to a safe ‘‘get to test myself and when I pass a module, I just driving life. want to go on to the next one. The questions really make you think. PRO Coach PRO Student ’’

’’ My daughter was glued to the Eye Scanning ‘‘module, it made her see for herself the importance of scanning for potential hazards. Her response was telling, she said she had no idea that driving meant thinking about more than the actual road ahead and in the mirrors. After the Distraction module, she said she would be wary of who she would accompany in a car. Parent of ’’a Student

20 expert opinion

Without taking extra steps, it is reasonable to assume that passing the practical test still leaves many newly qualified drivers unprepared, over confident and over Everyday doctors in estimating their ability out on the road. Emergency Departments throughout the UK care for Goals for Driver Education Matrix (GDE): ‘‘the victims of road traffic The matrix identifies four different levels of driver accidents, often young adults behaviour and competency: with horrendous injuries • Level 1: Vehicle Factors – knowledge of the car which may threaten life or itself, how it works & how it handles cause life long disability. Many of these injuries could • Level 2: Traffic Factors – negotiating through traffic and hazard awareness be avoided by better education regarding the risks associated • Level 3: Journey Factors – the drivers goals, with driving, particularly at motivations & behaviour on each trip high speed. We are therefore • Level 4: Person Factors - lifestyle, attitude & pleased to support this personality of the driver. campaign to reduce the The vast majority of ADI’s will only teach terrible toll of wrecked young levels 1 & 2. Drive iQ PRO Coaches teach lives and improve road safety levels 1, 2, 3 & 4 in all age groups.

Further findings from this research show that coaching Dr John Heyworth skills should be used to explore and challenge young Immediate Past-President people’s attitudes to: College of Emergency Medicine’’ • speed • driving at night • distractions • peer pressures • the influence of alcohol and drugs • other risky behaviours

The list above is also a list of the most common causes of crashes involving young people. It is not enough that they know this list and the law, they need to understand the reality of how their personality factors, emotions and the nature of the trip/who is in the car, can make these factors potentially lethal.

21 In 5 years as the driving the car when they died. Superintendent in charge of For every person who dies in Thames Valley Police’s Roads a road crash, nine people are ‘‘Policing Department I oversaw seriously injured, making it the the investigation into over single greatest threat to the 500 road deaths. Far too many lives of our young people. of them were young people at Given my experience, I find it the very start of their adult incredible that when a young lives with their future to look person starts to learn to forward to. drive some parents are more Whilst every police officer concerned about the cost of who has dealt with horrific the lessons than the quality incidents will never forget the of the teaching they will get. scene, they would all say, that Every parent will lay awake at the hardest job they ever have night hoping the next sound to do is to knock on a parents they will hear will be their door and find the words to son or daughter coming tell them that their son or home and not a police officer daughter is never coming knocking at their door. We do home again. not have to accept this tragic waste of young life, there is an Young people make up 1 in 15 alternative. drivers on our roads, yet represent a third of those that die. More than half of Mick Doyle the passengers that die in Superintendent in charge of Thames Valley Police’s Roads Policing Department collisions are under 25 and the ’’ (2004-2009) biggest killer of young women is the young man who was

22 PRIVATE PRACTICE It’s important to be really prepared!

You might find it hard to understand that your Helping your son/daughter learn to drive might be learner is finding some things difficult. They might something you are looking forward to or maybe you even take positive advice for criticism! Try using a don’t feel it is for you. If you don’t feel you/your child coaching style and ask them questions will have a positive experience doing this - then there is that require more than a one-word answer: no harm in leaving it to the professionals! • How do you feel about how you handled that? • What were your thoughts as you approached that? The Driving Standards Agency (DSA) recommends that • If you did it again, what would you do differently? any person undertaking private practice with a novice driver undergo driving skills training themselves before • What would you like to practice now? accompanying them. If you don’t have the time, inclination Then let them come to their own conclusions. or money to do this, have a think about the following before Use probing questions to allow them to conclude, starting out: for example: • The driving test has changed in the last 20-30 years • How would reducing your speed have helped • The way young people are taught is also changing ie. you deal with the traffic at the roundabout? Moving towards coaching • How does that roundabout differ from the one • The power and number of cars on our roads has increased we did earlier? • Distractions for young people are greater ie mobile phones A fault finding approach can make the learner defensive and lead to arguments. Coaching will before you get started allow for thought and reflection and should help you both feel more comfortable and in turn get • Your car will undoubtedly differ from the car your child is the most out of the practice session. learning in. Make sure they have made all the necessary adjustments, are familiar with the controls and totally Being a good coach will create an environment comfortable before moving off that encourages your young learner to self assess their own performance and take ownership of their • Choose somewhere quiet and a time of day when traffic is development as a driver. Through discussion and not too busy interaction they will learn and understand how • Start the sessions with a discussion to establish the their attitude and behaviour are key to a safer learner’s confidence, competence and where their driving life. development needs are It is important your learner is aware of: • The session does not have to last a long time - in the • Their own vulnerability to dangers such as peer beginning, driving takes a lot of concentration so short pressure, inexperience, thrill seeking, temptations sessions will be more effective of alcohol etc. • Be clear in your mind the route that you are going to • Their emotions and how a full and complicated embark on is appropriate. Give directions clearly and in life (exams, personal relationships etc) and how good time they cope with it, may impact on their risk of • Be ready to take action if necessary, by reaching across and being involved in a crash. taking control of the steering in good time or using the Don’t forget to praise them for their efforts handbrake ! even if they are not perfect! • Listen to advice from their ADI Remember the risk of a crash involving • Try road commentary as a method of coaching ie. talk ! young drivers is higher as the number of about what is going on around them as they drive and passengers increases. encourage them to do the same

23 Other ideas BOOKING TESTS • Sit with your child and do the Drive iQ software together • Make sure you are up to date with the Highway Code To gain a full licence there are 2 tests to pass: • Work with your child’s Drive iQ PRO coach to complement in-car sessions 1. Theory 2. Practical • Practice theory test and more at www.safedrivingforlife.info The Theory Test The test – are they really The theory test is made up of 2 parts: ready? Part 1: The first time pass rate in the UK for the driving test is • 50 multiple choice questions around 40%. • A minimum of 43 correct out of the 50 is required Tests are expensive (see page 11). to pass Passing the test does not necessarily mean your son/ • Time: 57 minutes to complete the test daughter is ready for solo driving. • Questions are chosen randomly from a bank of Remember they may not have encountered every type approximately 1,000 of driving scenario in their learning ie. Driving in icy • Answer by touching the screen (15 minutes practice conditions, driving in a city etc time allowed at the beginning to familiarise with Having a licence isn’t a guarantee of safety. the system) • Some questions will require more than one answer • A question can be “flagged” to come back to it later on • 3 minute break between Part 1 and 2

Part 2: • 14 one minute video clips will be shown, each showing developing hazards • There are 15 hazards to identify (1 clip has 2 developing hazards) • Up to 5 points for each hazard (depending on how quickly they are identified) • A minimum of 44 correct out of 75 is required to pass. Both parts must be passed to pass the theory test. If one part is failed, the entire test has to be retaken.

Results are given by test centre staff after you leave the examination room.

Cost: The current cost of the theory test is £31.00 (as of going to print Oct 2012).

Cancellation Rules: Cancel within 3 working days, up to 3 changes allowed before you lose the fee.

24 Test Centres: The Practical Test There are over 160 theory test centres all over the The theory test must be passed before a practical country. test can be booked. For a list go to: www.dft.gov.uk/fyn/theory.php The test breaks down into 4 parts: Additional info: Eyesight Check: The DSA provides a number of facilities for people with The learner must show they can read a new style special requirements. number plate from 20m or an old style number For example people with dyslexia can apply to have plate from 20.5m (if this part is failed the test will go no double the standard time for part 1. further).

Both parts of the provisional licence must be Show Me/Tell Me: taken to the test centre (photo card and paper The learner will be asked 2 technical questions about counterpart). Nobody is allowed to take the the car (1 show me, 1 tell me). If one of these is test without producing both and in turn cannot answered incorrectly a driving error is scored. There obtain a refund for the test fee. are 19 potential questions which can be asked in a Arrive at the test centre 30 minutes before combination of 18 different ways. the test. Driving Ability: The learner will need to show the examiner that their For more information go to: www.gov.uk driving is safe and competent. They will also be asked The pass rate for the theory test is around 60%. to perform 1 of the 3 reversing manoeuvres and may also be asked to perform a controlled stop. Ways to book a theory test: Lasts about 40 minutes. Online: Independent Driving: www.gov.uk/book-a-theory-test The examiner will also ask the student to drive What is Required: somewhere (approx. 10 minutes), following either Provisional licence number traffic signs, a series of directions or a combination of Debit/credit card for payment both. They will be given verbal directions and shown a diagram. It is all about testing a driver making their Phone: own decisions. Call 0300 200 1122 from 08:00-16:00 Monday-Friday To pass they must have scored no serious or dangerous (except bank holidays) faults and 15 or less driver errors. The ADI is encouraged to accompany the student on the test, or at the very least What is Required: listen to the de-brief from the examiner afterwards. Provisional licence number Debit/credit card for payment Pass or fail?: Post: The examiner will tell the learner if they have Forms are available online, via ADI or at theory/ passed/failed straight after the test. practical test centres. Payment by cheque/postal order. A pass means they will receive a pass certificate which is used to apply for a full driving licence (via the DVLA). A fail means they will receive the breakdown of their faults.

They cannot retake the test for a further 2 weeks.

There is often a waiting list for more than 2 months for a practical test. Cancellations are sometimes available.

25 ! beware post test The first time pass rate for the practical test is only around 40%, so the best policy is to be really well prepared, otherwise it can get very costly. Drive iQ PRO includes vital post-test elements. Booking a practical test: If you are not opting for this programme or there isn’t an available coach in your area, you Online: may want to consider the following: www.gov.uk/book-a-practical-drivingtest What is Required: Provisional licence number Some form of post-test training, such as Pass Plus: Theory test pass date and certificate number • A government initiative, launched in 1995. ADI number (so they do not get double booked) Currently under review Debit/ credit card for payment • Aimed at drivers at 17-25 who have just passed What happens next: their test A booking number will be issued and an appointment • Comprises 6 modules: Town driving, All weather* card sent. driving, driving out of town, night* driving, driving on dual-carriageways and motorways (*some Phone: aspects will only be covered in theory, such as Call 0300 200 1122 from 08:00-18:00 Monday-Friday weather and night if conditions during lessons don’t (except bank holidays) allow for them)

What is Required: • Minimum 6 hours to complete. Approx cost £185 Provisional licence number Theory test pass date and certificate number The Pass Plus programme is currently being reviewed ADI number (so they do not get double booked) by the DSA as many insurance companies have Debit/ credit card for payment (the holder of the debit/ withdrawn from the programme. credit card for payment must be the person making the call) A Stage Managed What happens next: A booking number will be issued and an appointment introduction to solo card sent. driving: Crashes mostly happen at night, at weekends and Post: on rural roads. So in those early days post-passing Form DL26 available on line via DSA, via ADI or at the driving test and before a car is even used, an theory/practical test centres Payment cheque/postal order agreement about the following will help keep your son/daughter safer, such as: Cost: The current cost of the practical driving test is £62.00 • None / only 1 young passenger in the car at a time for a weekday slot and £75.00 for a weekend or • Mobile phones (even on hands free), not to be used evening slot (as of going to print Oct 2012). • Gain more experience of driving at night with you in Cancellation Rules: the car before going out alone/with friends Cancel within 3 working days, up to 3 changes allowed • Avoid using the car for social journeys where before you lose the fee.You can only change for an they may be tempted to drink or respond to peer earlier date online. pressure and in turn drive at risk Test Centres: • Speak to parents of their friends and try to share There are over 350 test centres nationwide. tactics/guidelines For a list go to www.dft.gov.uk/fyn/practical.php

For more information: For more information about licence and test applications please go to: www.gov.uk 26 COMMUNITY

Despite funding issues, the majority of local councils still have a dedicated Road Safety Young drivers do have Officer (RSO) / Road Safety Team – their a reputation for taking mandate is to reduce the number and severity unacceptable risks on our of road crashes through education, training and roads. Those coming forward publicity policies. ‘‘ to educate themselves is evidence that there are young These road safety professionals work with your drivers who take driving local emergency service providers, schools/colleges, seriously and want to keep companies and the community at large to create and themselves and other road implement a variety of courses and programmes – more often than not, they have something for novice users safe. and young drivers, as this a particularly vulnerable group of road users. Suzette Davenport To find out more about Deputy Chief Constable your RSO and what support is ’’ available in your area go to: www.roadsafetygb.org.uk or look at your local county council website. feature: feature: An essential part of journey planning An outstanding community programme saving young www.crashmap.co.uk lives in Surrey: Safe Drive, Stay Alive is an emotionally engaging and thought provoking stage and film production, targeted at 16-19 year olds. Its aim is to challenge young people’s attitude and perception to driving and provide them with the opportunity to understand the consequences of poor or irresponsible driving; as well as helping them make informed choices. This award-winning programme is led by Surrey Fire and Rescue Service, and works in partnership with CrashMap allows the public to get access to data Surrey Police, South East Coast Ambulance Service, about road traffic crashes in their community in an Frimley Park Hospital, Surrey County Council and easy to use format. It uses official data collected by Drive iQ. Since its inception in Surrey in 2005, the police and receives up to 16,000 searches a day 70,000 young people and adults have attended one from concerned citizens wanting to understand road of 120 performances, with 17 more scheduled risk on the routes they use. every November. Full details of Safe Drive, Stay Alive in Surrey can be found at www.safedrivesurrey.org Enquiries and bookings can be made by emailing: [email protected]

27 Introducing Drive iQ Ambassador, Sophie Morgan I have often said that I think I am lucky…I mean ‘‘that fateful night only left one person with life- changing injuries… me. I’m not sure I could have lived with myself if I had done this to any of my 3 friends in the car that night. Inexperience and youth can be a dangerous combination and that is why I am supporting Drive iQ. This programme has the power to better educate young drivers and stop them hurting themselves (and others). I knew my mirror, signal, manoeuvres but had no idea that my attitude and behaviour could affect my driving too. So whether you are a novice driver, a parent or a teacher, please use or encourage the use of Drive iQ. It could make all the difference. ’’ Sophie is currently filming for a BBC 3 documentary You may recognise Sophie as one of the she will be presenting in the new year about presenting team from Channel 4’s coverage of young drivers. the Paralympics - London 2012 or as a model for Stella McCartney’s Adidas Campaign or from her Find out more about Sophie at part in BBC television series Britain’s Missing www.sophiemorgan.com Top Model.

Her list of achievements is long and when you know her story, even more impressive, because in 2003 Sophie was involved in a serious car crash driving Support the Air friends back from a party, she was 18 at the time. She Ambulance fractured her skull and shattered her nose, cheek and jaw and broke her collarbone. She also had a spinal On average, an emergency air ambulance takes off every 10 minutes in the UK, flying cord injury, which meant that she was paralysed from 365 days a year in daylight hours. Put another the chest down. way, during every hour of every day 7 Air Ambulances are attending accidents and medical trauma. When it comes to assisting serious road crashes your local Air Ambulance plays a vital part in the care of the seriously injured and although it works alongside the other emergency services, it is unique that it is a charity – funded almost entirely by donations. Please donate to your local air ambulance and help to keep them flying high and saving lives…

To find out how to donate to your local heroes of the skies visit: http://www.associationofairambulances. co.uk/find_your_air_ambulance.php and click on your local area on the map. 28 ® Young Driver InsurancE drive well, pay less Car Insurance for young drivers aged 17 - 25 Treating young drivers ingenie uses black box technology which could help to reduce premiums for young drivers and as individuals improve their road safety.

about ingenie ingenie is about creating better, safer drivers. We provide feedback on your son or daughter’s driving via a mobile app or online to help them improve. They can take responsibility for how they drive, and if they drive well, they could reduce the cost of their car insurance every 3 months.

step by step insurance from ingenie 1. A telematics box is installed in the car (at no extra cost) to assess driving trends. Young drivers often face higher premiums as many 2. Your son or daughter can drive when insurers consider them to be high risk. This is because and where they like, with no night- young drivers are 10 times more likely to be involved time curfews. in a crash than older drivers. ingenie offers insurance which is based on how your son or daughter drives 3. They then receive regular feedback rather than the collective risk of young drivers. on how they are driving. NO NIGHT-TIME CURFEWS 4. The cost of the car insurance is reviewed every 3 months. Some telematics insurance providers use the black box to deter young drivers from driving late at night or restrict mileage to reduce the risk. There are often financial consequences for breaking these conditions – Insurance that helps even in the event of an emergency. With ingenie there are young drivers improve no night-time curfews so young drivers can enjoy the freedom driving brings without worrying about penalties. The ingenie box collects data on acceleration, braking, speed, cornering and swerving. This data is analysed and used to build up a picture of your son or Social insurance daughter’s driving ‘DNA’. We assess how they drive and To help us build a community of better, safer drivers look for trends in their driving style - we don’t look at we are using Facebook and Twitter to raise the profile minor incidences of driving and the ingenie box is not of road safety with young drivers by posting useful a speeding camera in disguise. information on how to improve their driving. Our blog Our driving feedback is displayed in simple, colour- also includes plenty of useful driving tips. coded messages designed to be viewed either through our mobile app or online.

29 Parents benefit too • You can view your son or daughter’s driving feedback and work with them to improve their driving (providing they agree!) • Peace of mind in case of an emergency: Our mobile app provides useful information such as a 10-step guide in the event of a crash plus all the telephone numbers they would need for assistance, including claims and breakdown recovery. • The black box can also be used to help recover the car in the event it’s stolen.

GARY LINEKER: INGENIE INVESTOR AND AMBASSADOR For any parent, it’s not just ‘‘ the cost of insurance that’s a concern, but also their son or daughter’s safety on the roads. Anything that can be done to encourage young people to drive more safely gets my total support – ingenie does exactly that.’’

30 Choosing the right car for insurance Make/Model: Nissan Micra (S) It’s not just the cost of your car that’s the major Example: Supermini, Manual, 998cc (1.0 litre), Petrol factor in the pricing of your car insurance. MPG (combined):47mpg Fuel cost per mile:13.7p Car Tax cost (12 months):£135 Car Tax Band: F To increase the chances of getting a quote and cheaper car insurance, we recommend that young drivers try Make/Model: Vauxhall Astra (SXI) to avoid: Example: Small family, Manual 5-speed, 1248cc (1.3 litre), Diesel • Cars with more than • Engine or bodywork MPG (combined):69mpg 5 seats modifications Fuel cost per mile:9.8p Car Tax cost (12 months):£20 • Convertibles or • Hot hatches or sport Car Tax Band: B cabriolets editions • Cars over 20 • Engine sizes over Make/Model: Ford Focus (Zetec) Example: Petrol, 1388cc (1.4 litre), years old 1.4 litres Manual MPG (combined):43mpg Fuel cost per mile:15.1p Car Tax cost (12 months):£170 Make/Model: Vauxhall Corsa (SXI) Car Tax Band: G Example:1.0 12v 5dr Hatch MPG (combined):50mpg Make/Model: Volkswagen Golf (E & SE) Fuel cost per mile:12.8p Example: Small family, Manual 5-speed, Car Tax cost (12 months):£120 1197cc (1.2 litre), Petrol Car Tax Band: E MPG (combined):51mpg Fuel cost per mile:12.6p Make/Model: Fiat Punto (Punto) Car Tax cost (12 months):£100 Example: Supermini, Manual 6-speed, Car Tax Band: D 875cc (0.9 litre), Petrol MPG (combined):67mpg Make/Model: Renault Clio (Grande) Fuel cost per mile:9.6p Example: Petrol, 1149cc (1.2 litre), Car Tax cost (12 months):£0 Manual (standard rate 2012/13) MPG (combined):48mpg Car Tax Band: A Fuel cost per mile:13.5p Car Tax cost (12 months):£120 Make/Model: Peugeot 206 (LX) Car Tax Band: E Example: Supermini, Manual 5-speed, 1124cc (1.2 litre), Petrol Make/Model: Ford Fiesta (Zetec) MPG (combined):46mpg Example: Supermini, Manual 5-speed, Fuel cost per mile:14.2p 1242cc (1.3 litre), Petrol Car Tax cost (12 months):£135 MPG (combined):46mpg Car Tax Band: F Fuel cost per mile:14.2p Car Tax cost (12 months):£135 Make/Model: Peugueot 106 Car Tax Band: F (Independence) Example: Supermini, Manual 5-speed, Make/Model: Ford Ka (Ka) 1124cc (1.2 litre), Petrol Example: City car, Manual 5-speed, MPG (combined):47mpg 1242cc (1.3 litre), Petrol Fuel cost per mile:14p MPG (combined):55mpg Car Tax cost (12 months):£135 Fuel cost per mile:11.7p Car Tax Band: F Car Tax cost (12 months):£30 Car Tax Band: C

31 Make/Model: Citroen Saxo (X) Make/Model: Mini (One) Example: Supermini, Manual 5-speed, Example: Supermini, Manual 6-speed, 1124cc (1.2 litre), Petrol 1364cc (1.4 litre), Diesel MPG (combined):47mpg Fuel cost MPG (combined):59mpg per mile:14p Fuel cost per mile:11.4p Car Tax cost (12 months):£135 Car Tax cost (12 months):£100 Car Tax Band: F Car Tax Band: D

Make/Model: Volkswagen Polo (L) Example: Supermini, Manual *Source: Ageas Insurance Limited (March 2012). Please 5-speed, 999cc (1.0 litre), Petrol note that mileage, fuel and tax figures quoted are MPG (combined):47mpg only for the example listed and can vary depending on Fuel cost per mile:13.7p Car Tax cost (12 months):£135 engine size, the age of the car and how it is driven. This Car Tax Band: F section is intended as a guideline only.

Make/Model: Toyota Yaris (GS VVT-I) Example: Supermini, Manual 5-speed, 998cc (1.0 litre), Petrol MPG (combined):52mpg Fuel cost per mile:12.4p Car Tax cost (12 months):£100 Car Tax Band: D

Make/Model: Renault Megane (Dynamique) Example: Petrol, 1390cc (1.4 litre), Manual MPG (combined):42mpg Fuel cost per mile:15.3p Car Tax cost (12 months):£170 Car Tax Band: G

32 Choosing the right more about first car Insurance by RoadSafe: Provisional Driver ! PLEASE: Insurance Don’t put a vulnerable young driver in a car you would If a young learner wants to have private practice not drive yourself. sessions before they pass their driving test they need Here are some guidance notes to help you choose the to be properly insured. Most policies are about adding safest vehicle you can afford. them to a specific car (usually mum or dad’s) rather than allowing them to be seen as a driver in their own right (and start to build a no claims - and in turn not Safety Technology: take away mum & dad’s!). Look for cars with the latest safety technology. The two systems to consider are ABS (anti-lock braking Fronting systems) and ESC (electronic stability control). Fronting is the term used for defrauding an insurer by falsely describing the risk to initially obtain cheaper EuroNCAP: car insurance for someone. Basically, if a parent were Look up the vehicle’s EuroNCAP rating: to declare themselves as the main driver of a car Go to www.euroncap.com. The more stars the car has, and their 17 year old only as a named driver on the the safer your child should be. insurance policy (even though the young driver was to be the main driver and use the car regularly), they would be fronting. Check all the tyres (including the spare!): Motor Insurers’ Bureau Tyres can be a good indicator of other problems on the (MIB)Fact Sheet car. New tyres come with 8 or 9mm of tread, the legal limit is 1.6mm, less than 3mm is risking it. It is estimated that nationally 5% of motorists are driving without insurance and only 7% of drivers are To find out more go to:www.tyresafe.org . aware of all the possible consequences if they are caught. Of the 1.2 million drivers aged 17-20, 243,000 (that’s Check the interior: 20%) are estimated to be driving without insurance. • Check all the seat belts The police seize as many as 500 uninsured vehicles every day and 1 person is convicted every three • Ideally buy a car with air bags for all passengers too minutes for uninsured driving, that’s a total of around (young drivers rarely travel alone). 232,000 EVERY YEAR. Check the exterior: Check the headlights, brake lights, indicators, fog lamps and windscreen wipers work: This may sound basic but these seemingly simple functions are essential for keeping the car and its passengers safe and legal.

Check the MOT certificate: Even if it has one, check that the car will still pass the test: www.gov.uk/check-mot-history-vehicle.

33 The consequences of driving uninsured are immediate and definite and they include: The excitement and • Vehicle being seized by police anticipated freedom of taking • £150 plus £20/day to recover your car to the road as a newly qualified driver can often • £200 fixed penalty (A maximum of £5,000 ‘‘ overshadow the responsibilities imposed by the Court) that come with it. This Guide • A MINIMUM of six penalty points* and/or is to be welcomed in helping disqualification parents and young people • PLUS you won’t be able to recover your car understand that one of the unless you can prove that you have valid most important decisions insurance which you should have bought in they face is making sure that the first place adequate motor insurance is *If the convicted driver has held a full driving in place. licence for less than 2 years, a six point penalty will mean they will lose their licence and revert back to being a provisional licence holder. Ashton West Basically, they are back to square one and will Chief Executive at MIB have to re-pass their theory and practical driving tests. ’’

In addition to these potential consequences, the costs if you injure/kill someone while driving without insurance can be financially crippling. The MIB is entitled to recover the payments to the injured parties as well as any costs incurred. The level of damages paid depends on the nature of the injuries but can run into many millions of pounds for the most seriously injured.

Uninsured drivers kill 160 people and injure 23,000‘‘ every year. (MIB data 1997-2009).’’ The MIB is committed to significantly reducing the level and impact of uninsured driving in the UK and actively supports the implementation of Continuous Insurance Enforcement* (CIE) by working alongside key insurance industry bodies, the government, the police and the DVLA. If you want to find out more go to: www.askMID.com Since 2011 a new enforcement is now in place: Anyone who is the registered keeper of a vehicle without insurance will be subject to a £100 fine, fixed penalties and court prosecution for persistent evaders. Further information can be found at: www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance

34 The Importance of Tyres Top tyre tips from MICHELIN

Tyres are the only things that keep your car in touch with the road and there is much more to them than you think. Here are some of the essential things your child will need to know:

eric le corre Managing Director, Michelin Tyre PLC

Road safety is a constant concern for road users ‘‘in the UK and Ireland, and throughout the world. This is why the Michelin Group supplies tyres that ensure optimum safety for drivers, and their passengers. However, we want to go the extra mile by also promoting good practice among all road users. Since 2010, our road safety awareness campaigns have benefitted more than three million people worldwide. In 2011 we signed a partnership agreement with the FIA which has fostered the international Golden Rules* campaign as part of the FIA Decade for Action for Road Safety. This campaign illustrates the special relationship between driver and vehicle: a combination of pleasure and responsible behaviour. It also outlines the key safety rules that everyone should be aware of. I hope that it will encourage you to get on-board as it is an issue that concerns us all.

*for more information about the’’ Golden Rules campaign go to www.driveiq.co.uk/parents

35 1. Buying 5. Positioning Any tyres you fit must be of the same size, load index When replacing tyres, it’s best to do all four at once, and speed rating as recommended by your car’s but because those at the front usually wear faster than manufacturer. If you’re confused already, speak to a those at the rear, the chances are that just two will tyre fitter or go to michelin.co.uk and check out the need replacing at a time. If you’re fitting just two new buying guide. tyres, put them on the back and keep the part-worn rubber at the front, to help maintain stability in 2. CHECKING the wet. You must check your tyres regularly, to ensure they’re in good condition, or you could suffer a blowout. It’s 6. Alignment easy to pick up screws and nails, and even stones can It’s essential that your wheels are all pointing in cause damage if they work their way into the tread. the same direction, because if they’re not they’ll It’s not just picking up debris that can cause problems wear prematurely. That might seem like an obvious though; ageing can lead to cracks in the rubber, so look statement to make, but you only have to hit a pothole for these along with swelling, bulges and cuts. Ageing hard, or knock against a kerb and you can knock out is most likely in tyres more than five years old; even if the alignment of your car’s wheels, which is why you there’s plenty of tread left, a tyre should be replaced must have them checked occasionally – and especially when it gets to 10 years old, because the rubber will if it looks as though the tyres are wearing unevenly. have weakened with age.

3. Tread carefully The contact patch between your car and its Your tyres must have at least 1.6mm of tread across tyres is the same size as the central three-quarters of their width, and all the way round. You can buy a tread depth gauge cheaply, the palm of your hand but the tread wear indicators set into the tread blocks make it easy to check at a glance. Michelin makes it even easier; just look for the Michelin Man moulded into the rubber where the tread wear indicators appear. You also need to check regularly to see how much tread is left on each tyre, and to make sure that the wear is even. Any uneven wear will be down to something being out of alignment – and unless you fix it, your tyres will just wear out even more rapidly.

4. Under pressure Ensuring the right amount of air is in each of your tyres is essential. Too much or too little, and your car’s handling could be wrecked, while incorrect pressures make your tyres wear out faster and increases fuel consumption. Checking a tyre’s pressure is easy with the correct gauge; you can buy one for a tenner or there should be one built into the air line that you use to top up your tyres at the garage. Your car’s manual will tell you what each tyre’s pressure needs to be, or there should be a sticker on the sun visor, in the glovebox or on the door jamb. When you check each tyre, make sure there’s a cap for each valve; they help to maintain the correct pressure.

36 roadsafe for parents works with drive iq Some thoughts from their supporters...

Philip Schofield Gethin jones Presenter Presenter

“130 young people are killed or seriously “My work on ‘Police Camera Action’ injured every month on UK roads. As a TV opened my eyes to the potential dangers presenter, you research, script, rehearse of poor driving and the totally devastating and plan, in short, you leave nothing to consequences to the lives of those chance. It should be the same when involved in, or affected, by crashes. A car learning to drive, better planning and is a loaded weapon and proper respect education for young drivers will save lives, needs to be given to it. When young and better information for parents is key to keeping our children people first take to the road, they are especially vulnerable and safe. That’s why I am supporting RoadSafe for Parents” it’s essential at this time that they receive thorough preparation and training. If you are a parent or guardian of a young driver, please take 10 minutes to read through the RoadSafe for Parents website and the parent guide, it really could make all fearne cotton the difference.” Presenter/Radio 1 DJ

“130 young people are killed or seriously injured every month on UK roads. As a TV natalie pinkham presenter, you research, script, rehearse Presenter and plan, in short, you leave nothing to chance. It should be the same when “The RoadSafe for Parents campaign is learning to drive, better planning and pushing for driving to be taught as part education for young drivers will save lives, of the school curriculum and create an and better information for parents is key to keeping our children audited trail that insurance companies safe. That’s why I am supporting RoadSafe for Parents” can analyse and in turn reward the young driver for their dedication – just like GCSE coursework. Most young people feel pretty invincible when they start to drive, yet the reality is thousands of families and their friends are devastated every gabby logan month by news that someone they know has been hurt or Presenter killed in a car crash. Drive iQ is a great way for young people to learn the theory of driving – it’s totally interactive, state “One in five novice drivers crash within of the art and 100% free. Get yours now at www.driveiq. the first 6 months of driving. In 2008, co.uk. Better education could save your life. I wholeheartedly young drivers accounted for 53,000 support this campaign, it’s a great initiative” injury accidents, 4,600 were very serious and 750 resulted in death. More needs to be done, and thanks to the RoadSafe for Parents campaign, there is now more information for parents, free software for learners that ben collins addresses their attitude and behaviour and how it will affect FKA ‘The Stig’ their driving, plus lots of advice on how to do more to keep “Learning to handle any sort of car at young drivers safe” speed takes plenty of time and practice. The key is to always operate within your personal limits. Driving always carries an element of risk, even for drivers who know what they are doing, although the consequences of ignorance are far greater. You don’t have to wait until you are 17 to start gaining experience. Check out Drive iQ, start the journey early and enjoy the ride…”

Find out more at www.roadsafeforparents.com

37 Support the Decade of Action

10 reasons + 10 years = Decade of Action

Ten reasons to act on road deaths: 1. 1.3 million people are killed on the world’s roads each year 2. Road crashes kill more people than Malaria 3. 50 million people are injured, many disabled as a result 4. 90% of these casualties occur in developing countries 5. Annual deaths are forecast to rise to 1.9 million by 2020 6. It is the No.1 cause of death for young people worldwide 7. By 2015 it will be the leading health burden for children over the age of five in developing countries 8. The economic cost to developing countries is at least $100 billion a year 9. Injuries place immense burdens on hospitals and health systems 10. Road crashes are preventable

WEAR. BELIEVE. ACT http://www.decadeofaction.org

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