Driving Instructor

THE VOICE OF THE PROFESSIONAL DRIVING INSTRUCTOR ORDIT HAS IT CHANGED FOR THE BETTER?

ISSUE FOUR 2019

p01_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 2:56 pm Main trade sponsor:

p02_03_Instructor_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 9:53 am Driving Instructor WELCOME

The official monthly magazine of the Driving Instructors Association HE RISE IN MISCONDUCT COMPLAINTS against ADIs has been heavily reported in the news. Our CEO Carly Brookfield even EDITOR appeared on Radio 2 to discuss the issue on Vanessa Feltz’s show. [email protected] It is alarming to see a rise like this, though it should be noted that DESIGN T 246 cases only represents 0.6% of trainers on the register. I would [email protected] hope that one reason for the increase is that it’s become easier for ADVERTISING people to report situations where they feel uncomfortable, when [email protected] they might have not felt able to speak out in the past. This highlights the importance of training and guidance on what is appropriate CHIEF EXECUTIVE Carly Brookfield behaviour. What we might think is OK to ask might be seen as inappropriate, if it’s about someone’s personal life for example. We need to keep up-to-date with what is CHAIR acceptable and what isn’t, even if we don’t personally agree with it. See page 7 for Dean Mayer more information on this issue. Continuous education is important. We should all strive to keep our knowledge current, and make sure we are as professional and informed as we can be. Driving Instructor is published monthly by DIA (Int.) Ltd Copyright © DIA (Int.) Ltd 2018 Road rage can be a real source of anxiety for all drivers, including learners. Olivia Printed by Warners Midlands plc Baldock Ward discusses this topic on page 32. The views contained may not be the views of the publishers. Publication of an advertisement does not imply approval for the goods We also delve into the ORDIT register changes on page 21 and we preview the or services offered. Reproduction by any means, electronically or otherwise, in whole or part, of any material appearing in this magazine is Driving Instructor Show on page 37. I look forward to meeting many of you there. forbidden without the express prior permission of the publishers. Kathy Manson

Meet the DIA Team

Carly Brookfield Frances Sherlock Chief Executive Marketing Co-ordinator [email protected] [email protected] Carly oversees the daily work of the Frances is our marketing coordinator who works Driving Instructors Association tirelessly to ensure members’ needs are met Olivia Baldock-Ward Karen Bransgrove Head of Membership and Training Chief Diamond Examiner [email protected] [email protected] Olivia is an experienced ADI and fleet trainer and Diamond manager will help your Diamond post oversees all DIA training and development test training and testing requirements

Vicky Wilson Chloe Denny Membership Services Manager Diamond Co-ordinator [email protected] [email protected] Friendly and efficient, Vicky will help you with any Chloe is a key contact for trainers, examiners and membership query customers booking our popular advanced tests Matt Russell Sara Jardine Main trade sponsor: Head of Marketing, Publishing and Digital Advertising Manager [email protected] [email protected] Magazines, posters, websites – there’s nothing Sara is the person to talk to for anyone interested that our design guru can’t turn his hand to in advertising with the DIA

DRIVING INSTRUCTORS ASSOCIATION Call 020 8686 8010 | [email protected] | driving.org 11 Gleneagles Court, Brighton Road, Crawley RH10 6AD

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p02_03_Instructor_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 9:53 am INSTRUCTOR CONTENTS

HELPDESK & GUEST TRAINING & 06 FEEDBACK 18 COMMENT 27 ASSESSMENT We answer your questions on licence Jim Milton has an observation about Olivia Baldock-Ward asks if the eligibility endorsements, the Diploma in Driver common lapses in observation skills in criteria for ORDIT is as robust as it could be, Education and renewing ADI badges. students. even with the changes.

ADI KING’S THE ADI 07 NEWS 19 COMMENT 30 VIEW Serious misconduct complaints against Edmund King OBE says that drivers should Nick Heath discusses his experience with instructors increase, ‘Wild West’ parking firms always be on the lookout for more vulnerable the ORDIT register and Keith Gambles offers face law, proposals to cut pollution and more. road users, such as cyclists. his views on the changes.

CHIEF EXECUTIVE A CHANGE FOR KEEP CALM AND 16 REPORT 21 THE BETTER? 32 DRIVE ON Carly Brookfield tells us that, in light of Carly Brookfield explores the changes to Olivia Baldock-Ward explores the problem the increase in misconduct complaints, ORDIT, as well as industry opinion on the most of road rage and what we can do to keep safeguarding is more important than ever. recent developments. ourselves calm, even if others aren’t. 21 ORDIT 37

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p04_05_Instructor_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 3:26 pm THE DRIVING INSTRUCTOR DIAMOND FINAL 37 SHOW 51 COMMENT 70 WORD Mike Spooner, director of ADI Events Ltd, Chloe Denny looks at a selection of unusual Road rage and aggressive behaviour are tells us what to expect from this year’s Driving gadgets that might come in useful on long road common on the UK’s roads. Is the problem Instructor Show. trips – or maybe not! worse for learner drivers?

LEARNING FROM EXCEPTIONAL 41 MISTAKES 52 HARDSHIP Follow us James Whalen outlines James Reason’s Tom Harrington discusses speeding and model of human error, relates it to driving and its consequences and explores mitigating facebook.com/ the importance of providing feedback. circumstances for exceptional hardship. drivinginstructorsassociation

MONTH INSTRUCTOR twitter.com/the_DIA 48 IN NEWS 64 SHOP Take care if you vape and drive, two thirds of Have a look at a selection of items for sale in youtube.com/user/ drivers think cyclists are inconsiderate, insurers our shop, including our monthly offer which drivinginstruction warn against keyless car theft and more. offers £5 off a PDI bundle. 32

41 47 driving

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p04_05_Instructor_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 3:26 pm HELPDESK HAVE A QUESTION & FEEDBACK OR COMMENT? Call the ADI helpdesk Mon to Fri 8am–6pm or send your questions and comments to 11, Gleneagles Court, How long does an endorsement stay on my Brighton Road, Crawley RH10 6AD or Q driving licence record? [email protected] An endorsement must stay on your driving licence A record for the following periods of time: 020 8686 8010 Eleven years from date of conviction if the offence is:

■■ Drinking or drugs and driving – shown on the licence as DR10, DR20, DR30 and DR80 ■■ Causing death by careless driving while under the influence of drink or drugs – shown on the licence as CD40, CD50 and CD60 ■■ Causing death by careless driving, then failing to provide a specimen for analysis – shown on the licence as CD70

Four years from the date of conviction if the offence is for:

■■ Reckless/dangerous driving – shown on the licence as DD40, DD60 and DD80 ■■ Offences resulting in disqualification ■■ Disqualified from holding a full driving licence until a driving test has been passed

Four years from the date of offence:

■■ In all other cases

What further qualifications do I need, or what qualifications are acceptable in order to complete Once you have completed the course, send a copy of Q my Diploma having completed the online your certificate and a 500 word reflective account of the modules? course, including what course you did and why you did it, what you gained and how you can put it into practice in The Diploma in Driver Education (DipDe) is an industry- your own area of expertise. based vocational qualification that consists of five A modules on the various aspects of a driver trainer’s role. These range from knowing legal obligations and regulations, business knowledge, a good understanding How long does an ADI badge last for, how much on mechanical and vehicle technology aspects, driving does it cost and how do I renew it? theory and teaching knowledge. Q Four modules are now delivered as research-based An ADI licence lasts for four years. The DVSA will write to e-learning awards with unlimited tutorial support. To you about six months before this expires so you can also complete the teaching module, candidates will need to A renew your Disclosure and Barring Service certificate complete a teaching qualification such as the Level 3 before you can reapply to renew your ADI registration Award in Education and Training, which has replaced (DBS – was the CRB check). It might seem too early PTLLS. To complete this course, please contact your to do this but the DBS check can take a while to come local FE College or accredited provider. back, depending on a few things. It can also come back Alternatively, candidates must provide a valid PTLLS within a couple of weeks but don’t chance it and leave it certificate (five years old or less), or other teaching to the last minute. qualification under recognised prior learning. You More information on how to do this is available on also have the option of providing a valid coaching the GOV.UK website gov.uk/renew-approved-driving- qualification as an alternative to teaching. If this is instructor-adi-registration. something that you wish to do, you must check with us The licence costs £300 and once renewed will last for to see if your qualification will be accepted. another four years.

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p06_15_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 9:56 am The largest driver trainer news resource adinews.co.uk/news Serious misconduct complaints against instructors increase

Recent statistics from DVSA reveal a worrying rise in complaints Ms Brookfield believes issues like this are symptomatic of the lack against instructors made by students relating to indecency, sexually of safeguarding training and knowledge in the industry and is calling for inappropriate behaviour or harassment. safeguarding education to be an integral part of the approved driving In 2017/2018, 150 cases of this nature were investigated by instructor qualification process (as it is in other training professions, DVSA’s Counter-Fraud & Investigations Team. Year to date, this particularly where children and young adults are the pupil) and figure has already increased to 246, which means nearly 100 more instructor CPD. claims being investigated than in the same period last year. Compared “Every new entrant to the sector should receive safeguarding to 2015/16 figures (where there were only 75 cases investigated), training and, like other professions have done when they’ve noticed 2018/19 already represents an increase of more than 200% in cases. a risk in their profession that isn’t covered by its current qualification As a result of complaints being investigated in this current period process, we should encourage those already qualified licence holders of reporting, action has been taken against 42 instructors, with 10 to undergo training in this area too. removed from the register. At present, 135 investigations are ongoing. “In defence of instructors, advice and training in this area has been A DVSA spokesperson said: “DVSA takes the safety of learner drivers scant previously. We were the first organisation in the sector to not extremely seriously and will thoroughly investigate any complaints, only highlight this knowledge gap, but actually do something about involving the police when necessary. it in terms of providing training and guidance. Those who have been “We do not tolerate any abuse. Driving instructors found to be through the training have found it hugely beneficial. threatening the safety of learners will be removed from the Approved “I passionately believe that instructors can actually – with appropriate Driving Instructor register and stopped from teaching. training and guidance – play a powerful role in spotting, reporting and “To help tackle the problem we have encouraged learner drivers to helping to stop safeguarding issues occurring, rather than us just report any incidents.” focusing on the tiny minority as perpetrators. In cases of insufficient evidence, ADIs are not removed from the “Trainers get to know pupils well over the course of learning to register but warned about future conduct. 23 warnings were issued drive, and our members have shared with us that they have had pupils in 2018 along with reminders about the Code of Practice. While the disclose that they are being bullied or abused in some manner by majority of ADIs investigated were given warnings, some let their third parties (such as partners and family members) and they want to accreditation lapse and chose not to renew. Some had no further know how they can help such students without compromising their action taken against them. professionalism.” The ADI Code of Conduct is clear and states that instructors should: Ms Brookfield believes that safeguarding training would not only protect students, but also driving instructors if they are more aware of ■■ Avoid inappropriate physical contact with clients the risks and can protect themselves from complaints. ■■ Avoid the use of inappropriate language to clients “We also have to be aware of the flip side to some of these ■■ Not initiate inappropriate discussions about their own personal investigations, where trainers have found themselves on the end of relationships and take care to avoid becoming involved in a malicious complaints and false allegations of misconduct, and we have client’s personal affairs or discussions about a client’s personal defended members against such claims. ADIs can also find themselves relationships, unless safeguarding concerns are raised threatened, harrassed and even physically harmed by pupils or members ■■ Avoid circumstances and situations which are or could be of the public too. The safety of trainers, who we must remember are perceived to be of an inappropriate nature. largely lone workers and vulnerable to harm themselves as a result, is just as important a part of this discussion and we also offer advice to Carly Brookfield, CEO of the Driving Instructors Association, said: members on how to protect themselves.” “It’s important to point out that the overwhelming majority of trainers conduct themselves in a safe and responsible manner (246 complaints equates to only 0.6% of trainers on the register). For further information on safeguarding and resources “However, considering the latest stats, we cannot pretend as an to help develop your knowledge in this area please visit industry that there are zero issues with instructor conduct. The rising driving.org number of complaints of this nature is a concern and it’s crucial we

look at why we’re seeing this increase, and work on how we tackle ADIs can contact DIA’s ADI Helpdesk with any concerns these issues. they have about safeguarding issues. All correspondence “The #MeToo and similar movements have naturally encouraged is treated with the strictest confidence and we are able more people to come forward with complaints of this nature and I would to offer expert advice about any concerns you may have be interested to see how complaints against ADIs stack up against about pupils, your own welfare and safety, or should you other professions (such as other teaching, coaching and training find yourself the subject of a complaint. Simply email specialisms) where there is this regular interaction between members [email protected] or call 020 8686 8010 for advice. of the public, particularly young people, and the professional and see what we can learn from how other industries tackle such issues.”

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p06_15_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 9:56 am ‘Wild West’ parking firms face law Motorists now have greater protections against bogus parking fines due to a new law that clamps down on rogue private parking firms. The new Parking (Code of Practice) Act will bring in greater regulation of the private parking industry. Drivers will be able to more easily challenge unfair parking tickets through a new independent appeals service, and all private parking operators will also have to follow a new industry-backed Code of Practice. A new single Code of Practice will ensure parking is consistent, transparent and easier to understand. If private parking firms break it then they could be barred from asking for motorists’ information from the DVLA to enforce tickets. The new independent appeals service will also give drivers greater support to challenge unjustified parking tickets. Local Government Minister Rishi Sunak MP said: “Millions of us use private car parks every day, but for far too many drivers slapped with unjust fines this largely unregulated industry feels like the Wild West. “Too often, I hear of awful treatment at the hands of dodgy parking firms, from problems paying for parking to intimidating demands for Smart motorways to be payment and baffling appeals processes. “From today, we’re able to cut out the rogue operators by creating a single Code of Practice and giving drivers greater protection extended through a new appeals service.” The government and motoring groups, including the AA and the England will get another 400 miles of smart motorways by April 2025 RAC, back the law changes and will now begin work to write the under the government’s road strategy, despite some concerns over their Code of Practice. safety. Nicholas Lyes, the Head of Roads Policy at the RAC, said: The system is currently operating on parts of the M1, M4, M6, M25, “Motorists will warmly welcome this new Act. For too long, some M42, M60 and M62. The new smart motorways will feature a number unscrupulous private parking operators have made drivers’ lives a of changes, including emergency laybys closer together – a mile apart misery with some questionable practices which has sent levels of as opposed to current 1.5 miles, increased speed limits driving past trust in the sector plummeting. roadworks, from 50mph to 60mph, and a new name; ‘digital roads’. “The code will create more consistent standards across the According to figures from Highways England, there were 16 crashes on board which should eliminate dubious practices and create a single, smart motorways involving stationary vehicles in 2017. In contrast, there independent appeals process. The RAC has long called for changes were 29 crashes on the hard shoulder across the rest of the 1,800 miles to the way the private parking sector is regulated and this new code of England’s motorways. will undoubtedly make the lives of drivers easier. A recent safety assessment of part of the smart motorway on the M25 “The Act builds on action the government has already taken to found a 29% reduction in the number of crashes – 9.3 crashes registered tackle rogue private parking firms, including banning wheel clamping per 100 million miles. and towing and stopping over-zealous parking enforcement by One in ten motorway deaths occur on the hard shoulder, and usually councils and parking wardens.” involve vehicles hitting stationary cars from behind. Jim O’Sullivan, chief executive of Highways England, said: “With the volume, speed and size of modern cars, the refuge areas are safer than the hard shoulder. A car or truck will not drift into the emergency refuge area, whereas they can and do drift into the hard shoulder. “We are now well into smart motorway operation and the statistics we have are reliable. They are telling us that the safety record on smart motorways is arguably better than what we see on conventional motorways.” Highways England ensures the safety of smart motorways due to the emergency laybys, but motoring groups are worried that the removal of the hard shoulder poses a risk to motorists. The AA has expressed concerns over the safety of the plan. AA president, Edmund King, said: “We support road improvements to remove pinch points and improve motorway capacity but not if it compromises road safety. “Emergency refuge areas (ERAs) would be safer than a hard shoulder if motorists could get to them.” The AA has warned that it is potentially more dangerous to exit an emergency layby than a hard shoulder, as it is difficult to get up to speed. The lack of hard shoulder also means it takes longer for emergency vehicles to get to incidents due to traffic filling all lanes. King said: “Renaming smart motorways ‘digital roads’ doesn’t mean the system still won’t crash. We are happy to embrace technology but more physical emergency laybys would reassure drivers and make our roads safer.”

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p06_15_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 3 17/04/2019 9:56 am Proposals to cut pollution

Measures including no-idling zones outside schools have been ■■ Promoting a step change in the uptake of low emission vehicles – by recommended by Public Health England (PHE) in its review of evidence setting more ambitious targets for electric car charging points, as on how to improve air quality in the United Kingdom. well as encouraging low emission fuels and electric cars The review informs local and national government on actions to ■■ Redesigning cities so people aren’t so close to highly polluting improve outdoor air quality and health. roads The review of air quality policies said local authorities should work ■■ Discouraging highly polluting vehicles from entering populated with parents and children to stop drivers leaving their engines running areas – for example, with low emission or clean air zones outside the school gates. It’s hoped that such a measure would help to ■■ This work could involve designing wider streets, or considering reduce the amount of harmful particulate matter children are exposed to using hedges to screen against pollutants when planning new in town centres. infrastructure. Air pollution is the biggest environmental threat to health in the UK, with between 28,000 and 36,000 deaths a year attributed to Professor Cosford said: “We recommend that, at a local level, any long-term exposure. There is strong evidence that air pollution causes new policy or programme of work which affects air pollution should aim the development of coronary heart disease, stroke, respiratory disease to deliver an overall benefit to the public’s health. and lung cancer, and exacerbates asthma. “So transport and urban planners will need to work together, with Professor Paul Cosford, Director of Health Protection and Medical others involved in air pollution to ensure that new initiatives have a Director at PHE, said: “Now is our opportunity to create a clean air positive impact. generation of children, by implementing interventions in a coordinated “Decision makers should carefully design policies, to make sure that way. By making new developments clean by design we can create a the poorest in society are protected against the financial implications of better environment for everyone, especially our children.” new schemes. Key interventions suggested to local authorities also include: “National government policy can support local actions by creating the right incentives. These include policies which promote vehicles with low ■■ Boosting investment in clean public transport, as well as foot and exhaust emissions or allow controls on industrial emissions in populated cycle paths to improve health areas to take account of health impacts.”

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p06_15_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 4 17/04/2019 9:56 am Fines for rear view mirror decoration?

Recent news reports have stated that hanging items such as air fresheners from your rear-view mirror could land you with a £1,000 fine. What is the truth of the situation? The DVSA sent us a statement to clarify. “The DVSA encourages drivers to follow the guidance as laid out in the Highway Code and The Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986; Drivers Control 104 with regards to ‘No person shall drive or cause or permit any other person to drive, a motor vehicle on a road if he is in such a position that he cannot have proper control of the vehicle or have a full view of the road and traffic ahead’. “If it is apparent at the beginning of a driving test that any obstructions are obscuring the driver’s view or potentially causing a distraction then they will be asked to be removed in the interests of the health and safety of the driver, the examiner and the general public.” The Highway Code states: “Windscreen and windows must be kept clean and free from obstructions to vision.” If something hanging from your mirror, or a sticker on your windscreen prevents you from having a full view of the road, you could receive an on-the-spot fine of £100 and three penalty points. The fine could increase to £1,000 if the case goes to court.

Pot of cash for potholes

Councils in England will be given a share of Transport will fund early stage research into new Today’s investment is on top of the £725 more than £200 million for road maintenance surface materials or pothole repair techniques, million local authorities will receive in 2019/20, and pothole repairs. such as 3D printing. A digital hub will also based on the infrastructure they maintain, Transport Secretary Chris Grayling be set up for experts to share and develop including length of roads, number of bridges announced the allocation of an extra £50 million innovations. and streetlights. for councils for potholes and flood resilience Transport Secretary Chris Grayling said: The Department for Transport says it will also as well as £151 million to reward examples of “Every motorist knows that potholes have been announce a review of road condition surveying councils’ best practice. a problem in the last few years. That is why the data and technology. This call for evidence will These funds come from the £6.6 billion the government is continuing to step up its funding seek views on the current methodology used to government is providing in the six years to 2021 to local authorities to address this. monitor road condition as well as how councils to improve local roads. “It is now up to highways authorities to and the wider sector can harness new forms of As part of the government’s work to prevent innovate and use new technologies to solve the technology and data to improve our local roads potholes in the future, the Department for problem.” and infrastructure.

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p06_15_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 5 17/04/2019 9:56 am Asda and Sainsbury’s promise fuel cap as part of merger plan

Last April, supermarket chains Asda and Sainsbury’s announced that they were planning to merge in a deal that would see them become the biggest supermarket group in the country. The two organisations have now announced plans to cap fuel price profits as a part of their proposed merger. The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) released a statement in February this year raising concerns over the rising cost of fuel, stating that prices could rise at more than 100 locations where Sainsbury’s and Asda fuel stations overlap. In response to the competition watchdog’s statement, Sainsbury’s and Asda said that the analysis had “significant errors” and set out more details regarding their post-merger business strategy. Referring to fuel prices, Sainsbury’s plans to set a 3.5% gross profit Roger Burnley released a joint statement: “We are trying to bring our cap on its fuel prices for the first five years, and Asda plans to continue businesses together so that we can help millions of customers make its current fuel pricing strategy. Their statement also added that both significant savings on their shopping and their fuel costs, two of their businesses would look at disposing of filling stations if they posed a biggest regular outgoings. genuine threat to competition. “We are committing to reducing prices by £1 billion per year by “Sainsbury’s and Asda have also responded to the Notice of Proposed the third year which would reduce prices by around 10% on everyday Remedies by outlining supermarket and petrol forecourt divestments items. across both brands that would satisfy reasonable concerns regarding any “We hope that the CMA will properly take account of the evidence we substantial lessening of competition as a result of the merger by applying have presented and correct its errors. We have proposed a reasonable a conservative yet reasonable threshold.” yet conservative remedy package and hope the CMA considers this so Sainsbury’s chief executive, Mike Coupe and Asda chief executive, that we can deliver the cost savings for customers.”

p06_15_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 6 17/04/2019 9:56 am VED rise hits owners of new and used cars

The rate motorists pay for car tax increased this month as part of combustion engines. the government’s plan to pay for the cost of future road repairs and First-year rate is also rising from April. Vehicles emitting 90g/km or upgrades through taxes on motorists. less are unaffected while more polluting cars will see between £10 and UK government now links vehicle excise duty (VED) to inflation via the £65 added to their first-year rate. As a result vehicles emitting more Retail Price Index (RPI) inflation measure. Chancellor Philip Hammond than 255g/km will cost £2,135 in its first year. confirmed in his 2018 Budget that this would apply to all cars, not just Any diesel car that doesn’t comply with the RDE2 emissions new ones. As a result, owners of brand new and older cars can expect standards (set to become mandatory in January 2020) will be moved to pay from £5 to £15 more, depending on how polluting the car is. up a tax band. Plus, cars with a list price of £40,000 or over will be Buyers of some brand new cars will pay an additional £65 for the subject to increased ‘premium tax’, payable from years two and six, first-year tax rate. rising from £310 per year to £320 per year.

How much will you pay? Pre-March 2001 As in the past, VED costs will depend on the age of your car and its VED for cars registered before March 2001 will be calculated by engine CO2 emissions (unless it was registered before March 2001). size. Although not referred to in government documents, an increase in line with RPI would mean a £5 increase for cars under 1,549cc and Cars registered on or after 1 April 2017 £8 increase for those over 1,549cc. Cars registered on or after 1 April 2017 will pay £5 more standard annual rate. Owners of zero-emission vehicles will continue to get free Exemptions from VED: tax, and those with hybrid cars continue to receive £10 discount. ■■ Cars over 40 years old ■■ Cars with zero emissions Cars registered between 1 March 2001 and 31 March 2017 ■■ Cars registered between March 2001 – 2017 with emissions Cars registered between 1 March 2001 and 31 March 2017 will less than 100g/km have different rates depending on their CO2 emissions, with the most polluting hit with a £15 rise. You still have to renew your car’s tax or declare it off-road (by filing a Statutory Off Road Notification, or SORN) each year even if it is New cars from 1 April 2019 exempt from VED, otherwise you face a fine of up to £1,000. Research Those buying brand new cars will be hit with two additional rises. The last year revealed that more than 71,000 people failed to tax their first year of a car’s tax is based on CO2 emissions, ranging from £0 zero-rated cars over the previous three years, with more than for zero emissions electric vehicles, to £2,070 for the most polluting £1.1 million in fines being issued as a result.

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p06_15_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 7 17/04/2019 9:56 am Driving instructor’s Instagram name stolen by royal couple A driving instructor was shocked to discover his Instagram name was taken away and given to Prince Harry and Meghan. Kevin Keiley had used the Instagram handle @sussexroyal because he lives in West Sussex and supports Reading FC, nicknamed the Royals. Instagram changed his handle to @_sussexroyal_ so the Duke and Duchess of Sussex could launch their own Instagram account as @sussexroyal. The social media company says it changed Kevin’s handle in line with its policy which allows it to make changes to an account that has been inactive for a certain amount of time. Kevin said he is “annoyed” that Instagram didn’t contact him and says he’s “a bit loath to use Instagram until I have a chat with them UK will abide by new EU personally.” speed limiter rules The Department for Transport (DfT) says new EU rules regarding speed limiters in cars would apply to the UK despite Brexit. New cars sold in the UK from 2022 are set to have these devices fitted to stop them breaking the speed limit. Intelligent speed assistance (ISA) was given approval by the European Commission. It is claimed the changes could help save more than 25,000 lives and avoid at least 140,000 serious injuries by 2038. Joshua Harris from road safety charity Brake said: “This is a landmark day for road safety. These measures will provide the biggest leap forward for road safety this century, perhaps even since the introduction of the seatbelt. “These lifesaving measures come at a vital time, with road safety in a concerning period of stagnation with more than 70 people still being killed or seriously injured on British roads every day.” AA president Edmund King said: “The best speed limiter is the driver’s right foot. “There is no doubt that new in-car technology can save lives and there is a good case for autonomous emergency braking to be fitted in all cars. “The right speed is often below the speed limit, for example, outside a school with children around, but with ISA there may be a temptation to go at the top speed allowed which may not be appropriate,” he said. “Sometimes a little speed also helps to keep safe on the road, for example, overtaking a tractor on a country road or joining a motorway.” ISA prevents vehicles from speeding by limiting engine power, but the system can be overridden or temporarily switched off. Speed limits are detected using a sign-recognition camera and GPS technology. The approved mandatory safety features for cars, vans, trucks and buses also include a warning of driver drowsiness and distraction, such as when using a smartphone while driving, and a data recorder in case of an accident. Devices for lane-keeping assistance, advanced emergency braking and crash-test improved safety belts are suggested for cars and vans, while the legislation also addresses drink-driving, making it easier to retrofit an alcohol interlock device – used in a number of EU member states to tackle repeat drink-driving. A DfT spokesman said: “These interventions are expected to deliver a step-change in road safety across Europe, including the UK. “Intelligent Speed Assistance systems are expected to give drivers feedback when the speed limit is exceeded rather than limiting the speed, much like satellite navigation does now.”

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p06_15_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 9 17/04/2019 9:56 am Training car insurance which covers more ULEZ launches in central London

The world’s first Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) has come into force (manufactured pre-2015) in central London, in the same area as the congestion charge, in a bid to ■ Buses, coaches and lorries that don’t meet Euro 6 standards clamp down on the city’s pollution crisis. Operating 24 hours a day, every day of the year, drivers who don’t meet The Federation of Small Businesses (FSB) said many small firms were the ULEZ standards must pay a daily charge, on top of the congestion “very worried about the future of their businesses” as a result of the charge, to drive in this zone. The ULEZ charge will affect drivers of older, additional costs. more polluting cars. It is estimated to affect about 40,000 vehicles every TfL predicts the scheme will result in toxic emissions dropping by 45% day. in two years, and aims to expand the ULEZ to cover the entire area within For most vehicle types, including cars, motorbikes and vans up to and the North and South Circular roads by 2021. including 3.5 tonnes, the charge is £12.50. For heavier vehicles such as Jenny Bates, Friends of the Earth air pollution campaigner, said, “The lorries over 3.5 tonnes and coaches or buses over five tonnes, the charge ultra-low emissions zone has a crucial role to play in cleaning up the is £100. capital’s filthy air – but a strengthened scheme and additional measures Transport for London’s (TfL) online vehicle checker can help you check are needed to protect the health of all Londoners.” She is calling for if you’ll need to pay the new charge. cheaper and more extensive public transport, safer cycling routes, as Vehicles that are non-compliant are generally: well as a national scrappage scheme to help people switch their polluting vehicles for cleaner ones. ■ Motorbikes that don’t meet Euro 3 standards (manufactured Residents within the congestion charge zone will be exempt from pre-2007) the ULEZ charge until October 2021 and will continue to pay heavily ■ Petrol cars and vans that don’t meet Euro 4 standards discounted rates of congestion and T-charge, while everyone else (manufactured pre-2006) affected will pay the ultra low emissions charge instead of the T-charge. ■ Diesel cars and vans that don’t meet Euro 6 standards Birmingham and Leeds are also planning to launch clean air zones in 2020, while Manchester is looking to introduce one further down the line.

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01227 285550 diainsurance.co.uk *Subject to terms and conditions, see website for details DIA Insurance is a trading name of quotemetoday.co.uk A Driving Instructors Quotemetoday.co.uk Ltd is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority Association Service Driving Instructor 13 (FCA) Reference no 786619 Driving Instructor 15

p06_15_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 10 17/04/2019 9:56 am CHIEF EXECUTIVE REPORT

CARLY BROOKFIELD SAFEGUARDING IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN EVER

EP, SHE’S BANGING ON ABOUT The fact remains that complaints are increasing, and safeguarding again in her column! And therefore so is scrutiny on the industry. Y why? Because an investigative report ABOUT THE We cannot ignore the issue and we cannot ignore the published in the Sunday Telegraph this WRITER fact that a lack of safeguarding knowledge is a big part month highlighted the increase of of this. serious complaints being made about Carly has over 18 years Of course there will always be those whom no ADIs to DVSA. experience in senior amount of training will change, and those who will not There were 246 cases under investigation in 2018/19 management helping to be deterred by the threat of removal from the register, develop and promote compared to 150 in 2017/18. In fact the number of criminal investigation and a prison sentence. both private and public complaints investigated for serious misconduct of a The case of ADI Martyn Rees – found guilty this month sector bodies including sexual nature has increased by over 200% since 2016. professional membership of a years’ long campaign of sexual abuse against his Now we can try and play this down as an industry and industry bodies in the students which included the rape of a child – is a terribly and talk about 246 complaints only equating to 0.6% medical, education and sad and sickening example of those individuals who will of instructors on the register – and it is important that financial services arena. offend regardless of the risks and in full knowledge that we convey to the public that there are not predatory She is also an experienced what they do is wrong. instructors lurking in every car. campaigner and lobbyist However, safeguarding training can help (and has You can try and correlate the risk to that in other on road safety issues and helped) trainers realise their risks, the risks their pupils professions where there is the vulnerability of both member of the DfT’s Road face and how to limit the risks in training for both parties. Safety Delivery Group and I passionately believe that instructors can actually, with a board member of the appropriate training and guidance, play a powerful role research and knowledge in spotting, reporting and helping to stop safeguarding “As we say about road deaths, hub The Road Safety issues occurring – rather than us just focusing on the tiny Observatory. minority of perpetrators who unfortunately receive the even one case of a pupil being majority of the publicity in the media. Trainers get to know pupils well over the course of harmed by a trainer is one learning to drive, and our members have shared with us that they have had pupils disclose that they are being too many” bullied or abused in some manner by someone they know (such as partners and family members). Our members professional and the individual pupil or patient (teaching want to know how they can offer help and advice to such for example, or the medical profession) in the very nature students in an appropriate manner without compromising of one-on-one training/consultations – and you may very their professionalism. well find the incidences of reported abuses are indeed So until we see a decrease in complaints and cases of more frequent in other sectors. this nature – no apologies. I am going to keep banging on However – as we say about road deaths, even one about safeguarding. case of a pupil being harmed by a trainer is one too Until we see safeguarding training being taken as many. We can even prod at the figures and say ‘of seriously by ADIs as the DVSA and the public are taking course in the age of #MeToo we’re going to have more these very serious complaints don’t expect anyone else complaints’. not to challenge the profession on this topic either.

16 Driving Instructor

p16_17_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 2:58 pm BUSINESS HELPDESK

KEITH HALSTEAD WHAT SHOULD YOU NAME YOUR BUSINESS?

AMING YOUR BUSINESS CAN BE HMRC FINES HOMELESS MAN £1,600 quite important in attracting customers. HMRC landed a homeless man with penalties totalling N In Britain, apparently, self-employed ABOUT THE £1,600 after he failed to file his tax return by the due business owners are quite enterprising WRITER date, according to a report in The Guardian. However, in coming up with ‘punny’ business the judge presiding over the self-employed electrician’s names. Check out the following: Keith Halstead MA appeal called HMRC’s actions “ridiculous” and “a (Oxon) FCA has been a scandal”. ■ Spandau Valet Spandau Valet believes in partner in the chartered HMRC stated that the taxpayer was responsible for “releasing the inner and outer beauty of your accountancy profession telling them about any change of address, and said the vehicle” – from cars to boats to caravans. for more than 20 years. homeless man’s situation didn’t count as special ■ Barber Streisand is an offbeat unisex He is responsible for circumstances for reducing the penalty. The breakdown barbershop who offer an “invigorating alternative” a wide range of owner of HMRC penalties handed to the taxpayer, which is to the norm. The friendly staff like to do things managed businesses, relevant to ADIs, because they face the same penalties if their way. including driving they are late submitting a tax return was as follows: ■ Floral and Hardy Initially a family-run flower instructors. He currently stall. Over a decade later, they’re still going ■ Initial default £100 heads up the DIA Tax strong, specialising in classic and contemporary ■ Daily penalties for continuing default £900 Service for members. flower designs. ■ Additional penalty after six months of default ■ Bonny Tiler Bathrooms, wetrooms, and tiling £300 ■ Spex in the City A bespoke optician ■ Additional penalty after 12 months of default £300

So what should you call your driving instructor This is what can happen if you do not have a business? There seem to be different schools of thought “reasonable excuse” for being late (like being in hospital). when it comes to naming a driving instructor business. What the judge thought in this case, however was the Firstly there are those who like to keep things simple. following (paraphrased): “I find HMRC’s decision to be They take their name, add their job on the end and come flawed. No reasonable HMRC officer acting reasonably up with a perfectly acceptable name like John Smith could have reached this decision.” Driving School. Even more strongly, he stated: “HMRC’s decision to Others want to give out a positive message by using a pursue the taxpayer for penalties in the circumstances of name like Pass with Malcolm or Drive with Diane, which this appeal is a scandal. For HMRC to expect a homeless again gives your business a personal and friendly touch. person to keep HMRC up-to-date with their address is These names are worked into the email address to give ridiculous.” you your branding. The judge said the taxpayer had a reasonable excuse, I’ve also come across punny ones, which can be very and noted that he had filed his return within a reasonable punny indeed. Check out the following: time after getting back on his feet. The article states that L Passo, L’ter Skelter, Purrfect Driving, Steer We Go, HMRC are now putting things right with the taxpayer. Drive Straight, and how about this really, really innovative Don’t rely on this case however. If you haven’t got a name... Wheely Wheely Good Driving School. ‘reasonable excuse’ (which this poor homeless man Maybe you’d just prefer to stick with simplicity! clearly had), take note of the potential consequences!

Driving Instructor 17

p16_17_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 2:58 pm GUEST COMMENT

JIM MILTON AN OBSERVATION ABOUT OBSERVATION

IKE A LOT OF OTHER ADIs, I get eye-line compared with a driver’s. Of course the physical most of my customers by referrals from differences are more important where there are difficult previous clients. Recently I’ve had a few zones of vision at junctions. pupils that had lessons from other ADIs ABOUT THE Much of the remedial work on observation was with L and, for various reasons, chose to move WRITER regard to the proportion of time spent looking in one on. As we are all aware these reasons direction. With roundabouts I suggest, on the approach, sometimes need to be taken with a Jim Milton is a car and a suitable and stable speed should be maintained pinch of salt. Often their perception of motorcycle trainer, and the number of lessons required to attain test standard or Diamond examiner. of their ability can be at odds with their trainer. I’ve had a few pupils recently that have had 25-35 “Discussion on breaking down lessons with other ADIs, and yet their observation skills were very poor in contrast with their overall ability. the different parts of the While doing some remedial work on observations, a number of issues with the timing (eg when to look) observations had more success” and the length of time looking in one direction were apparent. It’s difficult to tell why their observations were much poorer than their general ability for the number of (a speed that the roundabout could be negotiated lessons taken. If I were to compare those car pupils with without the loss of stability if it were safe to enter the roundabout). When entering and leaving the roundabout the pupil “Perhaps it’s the feeling of must be looking ahead or in front of the vehicle, to maintain lane discipline. On the roundabout there will of vulnerability on the bike that course be observations in other directions depending on which exit has been chosen, with appropriate signals. makes the motorcyclists I’m not trying to teach any of my colleagues how to ‘suck eggs’ this is just a method that works for me. concentrate on perfecting their Typical T-junctions were, of course, much easier to resolve. Given that failure to look in the direction of travel observations” before crossing the road markings is one of the main reasons for test failure at junctions, I worked on peep and motorcycle pupils with a much lower number of hours of creep and where the conditions warranted a more evenly training, the motorcyclists’ abilities were far greater. proportioned observation. Obviously the distance of a Perhaps it’s the feeling of vulnerability on the bike clear line of sight has a bearing on the timing. that makes the motorcyclists concentrate on perfecting I felt that discussion on breaking down the different their observations. Or perhaps the physical differences parts of the observations had more success with the between the types of vehicle have an influence. For pupils. With some pupils a basic discussion about example, the shorter distance from the rider’s head to the inattentional blindness, ie where certain types of vehicles front of the front wheel compared with the driver’s head are not in the usual ‘set’ that we look for, or a brief to the front of the car. Or the height a of rider’s explanation of saccadic eye movements helped.

18 Driving Instructor

p18_19_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 2:59 pm KING’S COMMENT

EDMUND KING OBE DRIVERS SHOULD ALWAYS BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR MORE VULNERABLE ROAD USERS

T ALWAYS SEEMS TO SURPRISE Of course, no cyclist or motorcyclist actually ‘appears some people when they hear the AA from nowhere’, if a driver is aware of what is in their campaigning for the safety of cyclists. ABOUT THE mirrors. I I’m not quite sure why. One in five WRITER Given that ‘failure to look’ is still the most commonly AA members cycles on a regular basis, cited factor in road crashes, contributing to 39% of injury proving car drivers and cyclists are Edmund King is crashes in 2017, it seems we still have a way to go in often the same people. best known for media ensuring drivers are more aware of those around them. Even if that wasn’t the case, drivers should always appearances on the be on the lookout for those road users who are more subject of motoring vulnerable. and transport policy. It was in this spirit that five years ago the AA Charitable He is president of the “Failure to look is still the Trust launched its award-winning Think Bikes campaign. Automobile Association The campaign encourages drivers to place small Think and a visiting professor most commonly cited factor Bike stickers on their side mirrors to remind them to look of transport at Newcastle out for those on two wheels and also promoted a video University in road crashes” featuring a naked cyclist to remind drivers that cyclists are not invisible. To mark the anniversary, we published some new AA/ The research also showed two thirds (66%) of drivers Populus research that showed more drivers are surprised consider cyclists to be inconsiderate road users. by a cyclist or motorcyclist apparently ‘appearing from Drivers over 65 were the most likely to say cyclists nowhere’ than they were five years ago. were inconsiderate (69%) and young drivers aged 18-to-24 were the least (57%). Yet, the vast majority of drivers agree that cyclists (95%) and motorcyclists (93%) are vulnerable and “More drivers are surprised always give them space. And more drivers now (93%) say they always look out for cyclists than they did five by a cyclist or motorcyclist years ago (89%). Since Think Bikes launched, more than six million free stickers have been distributed via member renewal apparently ‘appearing from packs, AA Driving School, BSM, Halfords and personal requests. nowhere’ than they were five To mark the fifth anniversary, the AA Charitable Trust has 35,000 more available. To request some stickers years ago” please email [email protected] As the weather improves we see more riders on two wheels so any support you can give to spread the word Two-thirds of drivers now say they are often surprised about protecting some of our most vulnerable road users when a cyclist (65%) or motorcyclist (63%) ‘appears would be greatly appreciated. from nowhere’ compared to just over half five years ago (55% cyclists; 57% motorcyclists). Thank you and Think Bikes.

Driving Instructor 19

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Previously only 60% of instructors in an ORDIT establishment needed to be registered. This has A CHANGE been changed to 100%. Instructors will also need to have achieved a grade ‘A’ on their latest standards check to join ORDIT, instead of being an ADI for 12 months. All ORDIT instructors will need to offer developmental training to other ADIs. FOR THE Changes to fees Fees are being simplified. From 1 April 2019, it will cost: ■■ £207.30 for a premises inspection ■■ £120 for registration ■■ £151.20 for trainer inspection at DVSA premises BETTER? ■■ £18 for dual registrations Standards checks ORDIT trainers themselves will also no longer APRIL 1 2019 SAW ORDIT need to have a standards check unless asked by RE-LAUNCHED. MISSED IT? NOT the Registrar. SURPRISING – IT WAS RATHER Premises inspections In the old scheme, all ORDIT establishments also A LOW KEY LAUNCH AND needed to undergo a premises inspection. In the new scheme this will only be required for those MAKEOVER, BUT THERE WERE with five or more instructors. SOME IMPORTANT CHANGES THAT Registration period BOTH TRAINERS AND TRAINEES The registration period for members will change to four years, in line with the ADI register. NEED TO KNOW. HERE, CARLY Syllabus BROOKFIELD EXPLORES THE The new syllabus and ORDIT assessment can be found on GOV.UK. CHANGES, AS WELL AS INDUSTRY Please be aware that the old scheme has OPINION, ON THE MOST RECENT now closed and DVSA won’t be accepting any new applications. The new application form is DEVELOPMENTS available to download from GOV.UK now.

Driving Instructor 21 Opinion on ORDIT

SOME TRAINERS HAD A POOR VIEW OF ORDIT AS IT STOOD BEFORE

“Unfortunately, many cowboys are now on ORDIT. They see it as a shield so that whenever anyone asks them if they are genuine and any good they just say “Hey, we’re on ORDIT!”. I was trained to give ADI tuition by a very well known and highly respected ADI trainer, “Some of the largest members of ORDIT are he’s not on ORDIT. Some, in fact most, ADI trainers out there don’t also the ones that have the most complaints bother with any course and simply have a go at ADI training because about their training. Search online for all the they don’t have much work coming in. They see joining ORDIT as a other complaints about large companies and licence to print money but it means nothing.” guess what? Most are on ORDIT. It’s nothing more than a register of people who have Independent Trainer passed an exam, it doesn’t mean anything else.”

ADI Trainer

BUT HAS OPINION SHIFTED WITH THE CHANGES? WE ASKED SOME OF THE INDUSTRY’S LEADING LIGHTS WHEN IT COMES TO ADI TRAINING FOR THEIR VIEWS:

“Overall the scheme is an improvement, in so far as all trainers used by an ORDIT organisation should be ORDIT qualified. I feel DVSA should allow those wishing to become ORDIT trainers the opportunity to attend/order a standards check after completing the necessary training with an ORDIT establishment rather than having to wait for their next scheduled standards check which could be four years “While we are really pleased to see the away. This will only suppress the development of new ORDIT trainers. new changes with ORDIT because we I also noticed the new scheme has lost/modified several believe that standards will be raised when statements that required any course being offered by an ORDIT all trainers on ORDIT are a Grade A, we organisation/trainer to be adequate to ensure the student could also recognise the additional burden this pass Parts 1, 2 and 3 in favour of being just aligned to DVSA will place on some trainers, who are only National Standards. It would seem ORDIT organisations with under a Grade B. It is a shame that there is still five trainers are exempt! An ORDIT organisation with less than five no facility to request and pay for an early trainers could simply provide an iCourse without any practical training standards check and we would like to being guaranteed such as that offered by Smart Driving/Drive. know when this is likely to happen.” Hopefully only ORDIT organisations will be listed on any register and promoted by the DVSA. Just because a trainer trains for an Susan McCormack organisation, it shouldn’t automatically entitle that organisation to be Tri-Coaching Partnership Limited listed on the register. Despite these potential pitfalls the new scheme represents a reasonable platform upon which to build and satisfy the original aims of the scheme – which wasn’t just to have some form of advanced standards check for ADIs.”

Paul McArdle LDC Driving School

22 Driving Instructor Interested in joining the ORDIT register? Here’s the process from start to finish

The following are also useful preparation materials: ■■ The Highway Code ■■ Know your traffic signs ■■ Driving: the essential skills ■■ The official theory test for approved driving instructors pack ■■ The Driving Instructor’s Handbook

You’ll need a registered trainer to help you prepare for the assessment. Visit gov.uk/find-driving-instructor-training to find out more.

Applying for an assessment The first thing you’ll need to do is fill in the application form which can be downloaded from GOV.UK. Once you’ve done this, DVSA will call you to arrange the date and time of your assessment. How to join Assessment day The assessment lasts up to 1 hour 30 minutes. This includes: ■■ A short time at the start where the examiner will ask you about the trainee you’ve brought with you ■■ Around one hour where you give a training session to your trainee ■■ 15 minutes at the end where the examiner will give you your result ORDIT and feedback You’ll need to take: Training driving instructors could be a great next step for your ■■ Your ADI certificate (badge) career as an ADI. ORDIT stands for the official register of driving ■■ A suitable car (it must meet the same rules as cars used for the ADI instructor training and it is voluntary. part 3 test) As an ORDIT member you’ll be training your trainees to meet the ■■ A trainee national standard for driver and rider training. It sets out the skills, ■■ Your trainee’s ADI certificate or trainee instructor licence (this must knowledge and understanding they need to provide training to be displayed in the windscreen if the trainee is paying you for the drivers. session) Joining ORDIT allows you to: ■■ Training records for your trainee ■■ Prove you meet the DVSA standard to provide high-quality training You can take your trainer or mentor with you, but they cannot take part in ■■ Advertise yourself as a DVSA ORDIT trainer the assessment. ■■ Have your details added to the GOV.UK service to find driving instructor training courses

Here’s the process you need to follow if you wish to join the ORDIT register

Eligibility To become an ORDIT trainer, you must be an ADI and have achieved a grade A at your latest ADI standards check (a grade A from your ADI part 3 test does not count). You’ll then need to pass an assessment of your training skills with DVSA. To prepare for your assessment, study the national standard for driver and rider training and driving cars and light vans, as well as the learning to drive a car syllabus.

28 Driving Instructor 23 DRIVER2020.CO.UK

Your trainee Your trainee must be either someone training to become an ADI or a qualified ADI. During your assessment, your trainee can either: ■■ Train a real learner driver, while you give regular guidance and feedback from the back of the car ■■ ‘Train’ you, if you’re role-playing a pupil and are simulating faults for them to correct

Training records You also need to bring either: GET INVOLVED IN SHAPING THE FUTURE AFTER ■■ A log of the training you’ve been doing with your trainee, if you’ve trained them before ■■ An overview of how you intend to record your trainee’s progress OF DRIVER TRAINING AND TESTING! (for example, a blank template) if you have not trained them before

THE If your trainee is providing a lesson to a real learner driver, they need to Driver 2020 is an exciting opportunity for you and your pupils to be part of bring training records for their pupil. the biggest research project ever aimed at improving the safety of novice Before the assessment drivers. ASSES- The examiner will ask you some questions about your trainee. You need to be able to tell them: ■■ What parts of the national standard for driver and rider training your Here’s how you can help: trainee has covered so far ■■ Your trainee’s strengths and weaknesses MENT ■■ The training theme for the session Training themes The training themes include: The examiner will: ■■ Prepare to train learner drivers ■■ Design learning programmes ■■ Tell you the result ■■ Enable safe and responsible driving ■■ Give you a copy of the ORDIT assessment ■■ Deliver driver training programmes report ■■ Manage risk to the instructor, learner and third parties ■■ Give you feedback on the assessment ■■ Evaluate and develop knowledge, understanding and skills in the driver training industry If you pass the assessment Other training themes might also be appropriate, depending on your You can register as an ORDIT trainer. trainee. ENCOURAGE SHARE GET INVOLVED If you fail your first assessment During the assessment Encourage your Share information about When invited to You can resit the assessment if you fail your The examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard first attempt. for driver and rider training. pupils to visit the trial and how to sign participate in individual If you renew your ADI registration before you You’ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into Driver2020.co.uk and up on social media trial activity by your try again, your resit will count as another first three categories: sign up for the trial pupils, get involved! attempt. This is because attempts are linked to ■■ Trainer’s lesson planning your four-year ADI registration period. ■■ Trainer’s management of risk ■■ Trainer’s teaching and learning strategies If you fail your second attempt DVSA will write to you to tell you to book an The 17 areas of competence are listed in the ORDIT assessment report ADI standards check. – the examiner will fill this in at the end of your assessment. You’ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which You can be removed from the ADI are added up to work out if you’ve passed the assessment. register if you do not book the standards You need to score at least 43 out of 51 to pass the assessment to check, or if you fail it. register as an ORDIT trainer. DRIVER 2020 - A VISION OF HOW WE CAN

24 Driving Instructor IMPROVE NOVICE DRIVER SAFETY DRIVER2020.CO.UK

GET INVOLVED IN SHAPING THE FUTURE OF DRIVER TRAINING AND TESTING!

Driver 2020 is an exciting opportunity for you and your pupils to be part of the biggest research project ever aimed at improving the safety of novice drivers. Here’s how you can help:

ENCOURAGE SHARE GET INVOLVED Encourage your Share information about When invited to pupils to visit the trial and how to sign participate in individual Driver2020.co.uk and up on social media trial activity by your sign up for the trial pupils, get involved!

DRIVER 2020 - A VISION OF HOW WE CAN IMPROVE NOVICE DRIVER SAFETY

TRAINING & ASSESSMENT

WITH THE NEW ORDIT RULES THAT HAVE COME INTO FORCE, OLIVIA BALDOCK-WARD ASKS IS THE ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA AS ROBUST AS IT COULD BE?

Although DVSA promotes continuous professional development (CPD) for driver trainers on GOV.UK, it is a shame that more of this is not included as standard when an ADI wants to join the voluntary ORDIT register. All ADIs have proved that they meet the high standards of driving as they have all, at some point, passed the ADI Part 2 driving assessment, but an ADI does not need to have their driving reassessed ever again unless they choose to take an advanced test. This is a real shame as standards will slip, and they do slip. We see it happening when someone books a Diamond test. We advise people coming for a Diamond test to, at the very least, have an assessment with a trainer before going for their test. There is usually always some aspect of their driving that can be further improved. It isn’t possible to drive perfectly all of the time. There are plenty of ADIs with a very high standard of driving as we would expect, but there are some ADIs that need improvement. That’s fine; they are doing the right thing by working with us, or another training organisation, and are on the road to further improvement as they’ve realised that things have slipped in a few areas.

“Knowledge needs to be kept up-to-date as it is the foundation foreverything”

28 Driving Instructor 27 RECHECKS

This is why an ADI’s driving should be subject to a mandatory recheck every so often, underpinned of course by a knowledge recheck to link the practical with the theory. The following two questions may be familiar: “Were opportunities and examples used to clarify learning outcomes?” and “Was the technical information given comprehensive, appropriate and accurate?” The eagle-eyed among you will know these are just two of the competencies required during the standards check. They link sound technical information on the part of the pupil, and therefore the trainer, to what is happening out on the road, and so emphasise that knowledge needs to be kept up-to-date as well as it is the foundation for everything. I realise there are ADIs that would not welcome more assessment, but there are ADIs that would applaud such an idea to ensure they are maintaining the high standards required of their role as driver trainers of putting the next generation of road users on the roads, plus helping to improve existing full licence holders through occupational driver training and various driver improvement schemes. ASSESSMENT

Another aspect of the ADI role, apart from training, is assessment. Assessment has a big part to play and ADIs are constantly using it during training. Assessment for ADIs is broadly broken down into:

■■ Initial assessment – this can be when speaking to a potential new customer, just prior to, or on the first lesson and at the beginning of each lesson after that. We need to establish a baseline to start their training from and we can use various methods to do this from Q&A, observation, questionnaires and quizzes, etc. ■■ Ongoing assessment – this is exactly what it says on the tin. We use a variety of assessment methods to determine how well a person is performing against their current learning goal, with the most common as observation and Q&A. ■■ Summative assessment – this happens at the end of learning. Be it a new skill or improving more on an existing skill. Again the common approaches here are Q&A and observation as we will agree with our learners at an appropriate time to try something on their own during the lesson to see how they perform. What has become increasingly popular is asking the pupil to self reflect on a given situation and/ or on their learning as a whole as it helps them to become more active in the problem solving process. Along with your guidance, this approach helps them to come up with solutions and therefore take greater ownership of their learning.

There are two methods at play here – direct and indirect assessment. Direct methods will require the learner to demonstrate their learning while indirect methods ask learners to reflect on their learning. The whole subject of assessment and the various methods go even deeper than this. With this in mind, an assessor qualification should be part of an ADI’s toolkit. There is so much that can be gained from it and put into practice as an ADI, to further improve existing methods of assessment. It is an exciting prospect as there could be new assessment approaches out there that you are not currently using to vary the training delivery for your pupils and make your life even easier in the process.

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T: 0800 612 3656 | ajg.com/uk/driving-instructors Please contact us if you would like a copy of the full policy terms and conditions.

Arthur J. Gallagher Insurance Brokers Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. Registered Office: Spectrum Building, 7th Floor, 55,

GST-290996717 Blythswood Street, Glasgow, G2 7AT. Registered in Scotland. Company Number: SC108909. FP1134-2018 Exp. 12.11.2019. ©2018 Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. THE ADI VIEW NICK HEATH DISCUSSES HIS EXPERIENCE WITH THE ORDIT REGISTER AND THE BENEFITS OF GAINING REGISTRATION.

Since I qualified as an ADI back in 2005, I’ve been listed on the ORDIT twice; firstly as a franchised driving instructor trainer working with a national driving school and more KEITH GAMBLES recently under my own, fully independent company name. It’s important for anyone looking to join the register to recognise that there are two OFFERS HIS VIEWS elements to registration. Firstly, the training organisation itself must demonstrate that it has the facilities and ON THE CHANGES processes to provide high quality training for a PDI. If premises are being presented for inspection, then the DVSA will want to inspect additional site facilities such as the TO ORDIT classrooms and toilets. You can also do this bit at the test centre if you like and this involves showing them your car and the training-related things like reference books, training aids and systems for keeping records of training sessions carried out, money I think the new ORDIT set-up looks good paid and action items. overall. There has been a review of the The other part of the assessment involves a practical demonstration of your skills as process, and I’ve had a look at the highlights. I a trainer and the inspection works in a similar way to the standards check. You’ll have a do have a few questions about the process. quick chat with the examiner to discuss what training your PDI has had before now and what skills you will probably be working on in the session. They will then sit in the back ■■ The change of requirement to a Grade of the car and observe the training session, making appropriate notes of strength or A, why? Is a Grade A any better at weakness and of course making a decision on whether the training is to a high enough coaching a PDI through the three parts standard to allow entry onto the ORDIT register. of ADI test, than a Grade B? Often It lasts for about an hour and primarily, the examiner wants to see a structure to the the best teachers are not the most training and a focus on addressing the PDI’s learning and development needs. At the qualified in their field. end of the training session, the examiner will give you the decision and have a good ■■ If it has to be a Grade A, there should chat with you about what went well and what could have gone better. be a way for ADIs to be regraded at It was when I left the national driving school franchise in 2013 that I found out their request rather than having to about these two parts of the registration. I was only listed as a trainer working for my wait around four years for the next franchisor and being as I was no longer tied to their business registration, my ORDIT opportunity to consider doing their badge was no longer valid. ORDIT. At the time, the prospect of a premises inspection seemed expensive and complex ■■ The costings seem to be more and that put me off registration as an independent entity altogether but when you streamlined, which is good. actually look into it, it’s not such a scary process. All that’s needed really is a structure ■■ There still doesn’t seem to be any that allows your PDI to develop step by step and a good system of record keeping. requirement to cover basic business It’s important to remember that the process is voluntary and only there to ensure that skills with the PDI, so (unlike learners) the PDI receives a high standard of training – I’d encourage anyone looking at training is the encouragement still to get PDIs PDIs to also aspire to gain ORDIT registration. through a test?

“The costings seem to be more streamlined which is good”

2830 Driving Instructor

KEEP CALM AND DRIVE ON

OLIVIA BALDOCK-WARD EXPLORES THE PROBLEM OF ROAD RAGE, AND WHAT WE CAN DO TO KEEP OURSELVES CALM, EVEN IF OTHERS AREN’T

32 Driving Instructor OAD RAGE. EVEN THIS term invokes a reaction within us. All road users can be on either end of R road rage – either dishing it out or receiving. When it is the latter, it can range from irritating and unpleasant to deeply disturbing and upsetting, depending on the level of abuse the other road user decides to throw out. With road rage as well known as it is, and seemingly affecting most of us at some time or another, it isn’t mentioned in publications such as the Highway Code and Driving: the Essential Skills. This could be because some road rage events are considered minor ones and anything that is categorised as more serious will usually mean that a traffic offence has been committed.

TRIGGERS So what triggers road rage and why does it get our blood boiling in the way that it does? Some of the following is deemed to be the most annoying behaviour on the road and very likely to provoke a negative reaction. You will also notice that not all of these are simply irritating things that people do on the road – some of them are actual traffic offences.

■■ Tailgating ■■ People pushing in front of you ■■ Talking on a mobile ■■ People cutting you up ■■ Swooping – this means a last minute dive across several lanes in one go to take an exit off a motorway ■■ Undertaking ■■ Driving too slowly ■■ Driving too fast ■■ Throwing rubbish out of the vehicle ■■ Hogging the middle lane

It is no surprise that tailgating has got itself onto this list as it continues to rate highly when it comes to poor driving. You see examples of this every day. It doesn’t seem to matter what type of road you’re on or what vehicle you’re driving as tailgating, like others, seems to be a non-discriminatory sport among some of our fellow road users. So what makes people do this? Why is it that some people are perfectly placid out of the car but when they are behind the wheel they turn impatient and angry? Road rage is more often than not triggered by a specific event. There have been lots of studies on this subject and there doesn’t seem to be one defining factor that initiates road rage. There’s more of a range of factors, including those that are person-related, for example our gender, age, the mood we are in at the time and our beliefs

Driving Instructor 33 “When we perceive something as a threat or obstacle to overcome, we can quickly start to react” of what a good driver looks like. When we perceive something as a threat or obstacle to overcome, we can quickly start to react. Other factors are found within the context of driving that day and the journey, such as the purpose, time pressures, heavy traffic or road works and heat all are additional contributing factors. This is possibly a good moment to go and look at the GDE matrix (just type this into Google) as it highlights these areas too.

SELF SABOTAGE We can sometimes wind ourselves up without realising if we over-generalise a situation, for example if we think “everyone is a bad driver”. Saying things such as “that could have killed me!” is an example of catatrophising an event when in reality, our interpretation of this particular situation doesn’t warrant this level of response and all we have done is wind ourselves (and our passengers) up more. “You did that on purpose!” is an example of personalising an event. It makes it worse when we believe that the actions of another road user were directed at us on a personal level, because they probably aren’t – it just feels like it at the time. As we have also seen, there are so many factors that can and will affect the way we respond to a situation.

THE EFFECT OF MOOD Many aggressive behaviours come from driving when angry. Tooting the horn, yelling abuse out of the window, tailgating, flashing headlights or driving behind someone with full beam lights on, signalling gestures to others to put their seatbelt on (think about it), and cutting them up to name a few. Most people reading this can relate as drivers and sadly, perhaps more so as ADIs as there is something about a red L-plate that just gets certain people going. We explore this in more depth in this month’s Final Word on page 70. One study among drivers found that along with driving anger, the driver’s bias towards their own illusion of control predicted aggressive behaviour. Drivers who believed (perhaps falsely) they were in greater control of their situation, due to superior driving ability or skill, were more likely to drive in risky and aggressive ways. Driving anger and the illusion of control are a dangerous combination. Research has demonstrated that people’s range of cognitive functions such as reasoning, decision-making, attention and judgement can be impaired by anger. The driver has a lower perception of risk, even more willingness to take risks, and cognitive effects that actually increase the risks. Ask a group of drivers to rate their own driving on a 1-10 scale (with 10 being the best) and most will rate themselves between 7 and 10. This is where the illusion of control

34 Driving Instructor comes in, as a high percentage of drivers will The eight-minute-long track was put rate themselves as above average when this together by Manchester-based band Marconi isn’t actually the case. Union in collaboration with the British Academy of Sound Therapy and was deemed the most relaxing song ever, so why not give REDUCING THE RISK it a try? So what can we do to lower the risk of road Road rage can rapidly escalate. For rage? There are a few things to bear in mind instance, an event happens where someone the next time you get in the car. has made a bad decision, then someone has Remember we are all human, doing the a negative response to it. The situation gets best we can. We all have good bits and not even worse and the other person continues so good bits and the next time we are all to react to it, and so on. This is how things stuck in a long queue don’t forget we are in it can go downhill so quickly and people can together. end up physically injured or worse. With this in mind, we need to be more We must be aware of ourselves in terms conscious of the fact that others will make of our emotional state and any influencing mistakes (as we will too) and this is part of factors that can make things significantly being human. Think back to the range of worse for everyone involved. factors that we are all up against each day The advice we all give to our pupils is if we (some of us more than others) and bear this feel stressed, unwell, or perhaps we have just in mind the next time you start to reprimand had a barney with someone, is to ask whether someone for driving too slowly. driving at that time is a good idea and explore The actions of other drivers and riders is the reasons why it might not be. unlikely to be malicious or a personal attack This helps to ensure you’re in a good on us. Worry about the things that are in your frame of mind when driving. If you’re upset control rather than swearing at the traffic or distracted by something else, you’re less lights that are stuck on red – obviously just to likely to drive safely. hold you up. We all make mistakes, so if the incident In this instance, could you have planned was your fault, acknowledge it fully and your journey better? Could you have left any clearly in a friendly way. Raising your whole earlier, chosen a different route, maybe even hand up, for instance, could take the sting out used another mode of transport? All factors of the situation. to consider which link with the national If you are confronted with an angry driver standards for drivers. Go and have a read if who is trying to force a confrontation, don’t you haven’t done it yet. get out of the car to have it out with them, You can go to the following link or search even if you are planning on trying to resolve for national standards on the GOV.UK the situation and reason with them, rather website gov.uk/guidance/national-standard- than entering into a blazing row. Stay in your for-driving-cars-and-light-vans-category-b car and lock the doors. Other tips for keeping your cool include If you are approached by an angry road listening to some music that relaxes you, and user then stay in your vehicle with the doors breathing exercises. Don’t breathe in a way locked and call the police if necessary. This that makes you feel light-headed but next is one of the emergency situations where you time you are sat in a queue, be more aware can use a mobile phone. of breathing in and out in a more conscious If you find yourself in an intense road rage way. There are plenty of techniques if you do incident, it might be an idea to pull over a quick Google. somewhere safe and away from the scene, and have a bit of a time out afterwards. Once the anger has subsided, incidents like that DOES MUSIC HELP? can leave you feeling tired, so you need to Music can enhance your mood for the better give yourself some time to regroup before you and for the worse. We tend to think “maybe drive again. something classical would help relax me” Dashcams are continuing to be one of the and yes it could, but equally, it can have the most popular additions to our vehicles and opposite effect. they can be a useful ally in such situations. Driving Instructor featured an article about More ADIs are using them than ever before, music and driving in 2018. It talked about a partly for this reason, but also for general type of relaxing driving music which includes insurance claims. Dashcams can prove you songs that mimic the sound of the human weren’t to blame in a situation where it is one heartbeat. driver’s word against the other. In addition to this, a track that’s been More ADIs use both in and outward facing ‘scientifically proven’ to be the most relaxing cameras as well for training purposes to song ever produced now has a video to go help pupils understand a given situation along with it, in addition to five other songs. and reflect on a different outcome. We sell The song has the ability to slow heart rate, dashcams in our shop and so if you are reduce blood pressure, and decrease cortisol thinking of getting one then come and take a stress levels at unprecedented rates. look at driving.org/shop.

Driving Instructor 35 Dual Controls Fit the Best

Tailor made to suit most popular cars used for driving tuition

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In-Car Teaching Camera This He-Man approved in-car teaching camera with wide angle lens is an ideal teaching aid, allowing immediate video playback of elements of a driving lesson on a smartphone or tablet. Android and IOS compatible via a free app.

GPS Display Speedometer This plug and play speedometer is the ideal solution for a driving instructor. No need to check the car’s speedometer when it’s at a difficult angle or obscured by the pupil’s arm - the speed is projected onto the passenger side of the windscreen and can be closely aligned to the speed shown on the car’s own speedometer.

Contact He-Man on 023 8022 6952 www.he-mandualcontrols.co.uk He-Man Dual Controls Ltd, Cable Street, Southampton, Hampshire, SO14 5AR

p36_39_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 10:24 am Dual Controls Fit the Best

Tailor made to suit most popular cars used for driving tuition The Driving He-Man are experts in the design, manufacture and installation of dual controls with over 80 years manufacturing experience. The dual controls are “tailor-made” for each make and model of car, ensuring the ideal fit and optimum performance. He-Man Dual Instructor Show Controls promise quality, safety and value to driving instructors everywhere.

• Comprehensive range available from stock • Utilises as many existing fixing points as possible 19 MAY 2019 • ISO9001, ISO14001 and OHSAS18001 accredited • Over 250,000 units sold worldwide MIKE SPOONER, DIRECTOR OF ADI EVENTS LTD, TELLS • As supplied to the police and other emergency services for training purposes US WHAT TO EXPECT FROM THIS YEAR’S DRIVING • Experienced network of installers across the UK INSTRUCTOR SHOW

In-Car Teaching Camera WOULD LIKE TO welcome within the hall. This offers visitors more This He-Man approved in-car teaching camera with wide angle lens is an ideal teaching aid, you to this, the third Driving intimate and engaging presentations. Instructor Show organised Again, the response from the ADI/PDI allowing immediate video playback of elements of a driving lesson on a smartphone or tablet. by ADI Events. community has been fantastic. It shows that I The success of the an event of this kind, which mirrors the type Android and IOS compatible via a free app. fi rst and second show of industry events enjoyed for many years by highlighted the interest and need within the every other business sectors in the UK and the ADI community for this type of event. The world, is long overdue. GPS Display Speedometer show has now established itself as a popular The show has been made possible because event in the ADI community’s calendar. of the fantastic support offered by various This plug and play speedometer is the ideal solution for a driving instructor. No need to check I am very grateful to the many instructors exhibitors and workshop presenters. Every who supported the event in 2018, and in aspect of a driving school business is covered the car’s speedometer when it’s at a difficult angle or obscured by the pupil’s arm - the speed doing so made this year’s possible. It is at the show, from tuition cars, to insurance, to gratifying to see so many instructors who social media, to apps, to training aids or simply is projected onto the passenger side of the windscreen and can be closely aligned to the speed attended last year’s exhibition on the delegate raising awareness of issues that are important list for this year. to the driver training community. The exhibitor shown on the car’s own speedometer. There are a number of changes to the list shows there will be something for everyone. show’s format from 2018. The biggest A visit to the show will give you the tools to change is the free workshops. Each of the 23 become a better business person, a better Contact He-Man on workshops will be held in separate seminar trainer and make life in the industry easier and 023 8022 6952 rooms adjacent to the main hall rather than more fulfi lling. www.he-mandualcontrols.co.uk He-Man Dual Controls Ltd, Cable Street, Southampton, Hampshire, SO14 5AR Driving Instructor 37

p36_39_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 10:24 am Over 50 exhibitors from around the UK will be exhibiting the products and services designed to make your life easier, either as an independent ADI, franchise ADI or a multi-instructor driving school owner. We have scoured the business looking for the types of products KEEP ON and services new to the driver training industry. A lot of the exhibitors you will already know and might already do business with. Make a point of visiting these businesses; you may fi nd that TRAINING they have expanded their product/service range to include more that you know. LEARNING Take Marmalade Network for instance, our Main Trade Sponsor. Marmalade Network has recently expanded its business and Running alongside the exhibition is a series now offers insurance for driving instructors as well as cars on of 23 fantastic free workshops designed to HP or PCP that come fully fi tted with He-Man Dual controls and Roadhawk dash cams. help you to keep on learning. Covering all Full details can be found at marmaladenetwork.co.uk but come aspects of the business, the workshops are along and speak to the Network team at the show – it’s so much designed to enhance your learning and help better than doing business through a faceless website. We also have CA Cars who will be exhibiting practical electric you and your business compete better. and hybrid tuition cars. We all know that we are choking ourselves and our children/grandchildren to death. Maybe its time for our profession to take the lead and show others that we can teach in a clean and sustainable way. Social Media It’s also cheaper. Offi cial fi gures suggest that an electric car Confused about how social media really works? We have managed owner will save 25% over a six-year period compared to diesel. to attract one of the most well-respected social media experts in Plus, for owners without off-street parking there are opportunities the UK, to speak about how you can use the most powerful form to apply for a government funded on-street charging point. of free advertising ever invented, to help propel your business Exhibitors new to the event include new kids on the block, forward. Adam Stott, International speaker and Head Coach at Big GoRoadie. They have a new free app designed to give you new Business Events will teach you how to use this modern tool for students only when you need them. Also new is Alpaka. Alpaka more than just viewing cat videos! is a new suite of software tools which extend the functionality of your traditional work calendar. It offers all the things you want in a calendar but didn’t think existed. Go and visit them on stand 182. Ever come across a line of horses or cyclists on the road with DIA Plus members: £89 Expanding your driving school your pupils? Not the easiest to negotiate. We have the British A special free workshop, presented by Shaun Harrington-Lunt from Horse Society and Cycling UK exhibiting at the show. When it Applied Coach Get Your Own Driving School, will show you how you can achieve comes to giving out the right information to your pupils then these DIA standard members: £99 this and how to avoid the pitfalls. are the guys to speak to. They will be exhibiting on stands 165 and 171 respectively. With the use of VR equipment you can get close to the real experience of horse and cyclist situations on the road. I Non-members: £109 Why are drivers impulsive? wonder how many of you can make the right decisions? Approach During this 30-minute presentation, Ian Edwards, MSc Dip ASM, Also new to the show is Midrive who help you reduce your international coach in driver training and author of Can Drivers admin, save on cancellations as well as increase your earnings. Really Teach Themselves? will be discussing impulsivity in drivers. All the show’s exhibitors are there to make your business work Locations and dates:* Quite often drivers make thoughtless decisions. This workshop will better, be more effi cient, lower costs and give you more time to do look at the role impulsivity has in the decision-making process and the things you want to do, even if that means using the extra saved Crawley** | 9 May 2019 help you understand what your pupils are thinking. time to do more lessons. Coaching is an excellent technique trainers should be using to After the day, I hope you will know how you can become a better Cambridge | 28 May 2019 help deliver more effective and longer lasting training, both in the ADI or businessperson, have had your life as an instructor made Reading | 18 June 2019 SOLD OUT The perfect 51 easier or simply are on course to a more fulfi lling career. classroom or an in-car environment. So, thank you to our exhibitors. I hope you, too, take a huge Cardiff | 9 July 2019 SOLD OUT Renowned trainers Graham Hooper and Susan McCormack from amount from the day. The Applied Coach Approach course demonstrates how coaching Tri-Coaching Partnership, will show you how you can not only get Sheffield | 24 September 2019 As I mentioned earlier, we have introduced many different that 51, but also how to deliver brilliant lessons that you and your principles can be used to help learners identify obstacles to their workshops at the exhibition. Hopefully you have booked into your | SOLD OUT pupils will love. Got a low mark or worse still, a fail? Graham and learning and develop strategies to overcome them. Edinburgh 8 October 2019 favourite but take a look at the Workshops Guide to see what is on Susan will help you to pick up your performance and get the grade at the event. I’m sure you will fi nd something of interest. Birmingham | 17 October 2019 SOLD OUT you deserve. A fi nal word to our two main sponsors, who are the country’s principal driving instructors’ associations: namely, the DIA and MSA GB. A huge thank you for your support. This course explains how you can use coaching Business bootcamp Also, a big thank you to our Main Trade Sponsor, Marmalade techniques to: For more information Even if you are currently in a franchise, you are essentially running Network. Make sure you visit their stand. and to book: your own business. As a business owner you will need to evaluate Enjoy the day. If you have any comments, either during the day • Promote positive interaction between pupil and ADI your business periodically. Carly Brookfi eld, chief executive of the or afterwards, on how we can improve this event still further, I am driving.org/applied-coach-approach DIA, will be covering the subject of business during the fantastically always happy to listen. Feel free to say hello during the day. • Enable pupils to become more self aware as drivers informative workshop entitled Business Bootcamp. During this • Enable pupils to actively problem solve 020 8686 8010 presentation, you will learn more about the fi ve pillars of your • Help learners take greater ownership and responsibility business, marketing and sales, legal and regulatory, fi nance, with their learning [email protected] HR/training and development, and technology. When these fi ve For more information visit pillars are optimised, your business will be too. • Help general pupil involvement drivinginstructorshow.co.uk

*Please note venue details will be confirmed with delegates nearer to the time of the event. ** Unfortunately there is no parking at this venue. 38 Driving Instructor

p36_39_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 3 17/04/2019 10:24 am TRAINING

Applied Coach DIA Plus members: £89 DIA standard members: £99 Approach Non-members: £109

Locations and dates:* Crawley** | 9 May 2019 Coaching is an excellent technique trainers should be using to Cambridge | 28 May 2019 help deliver more effective and longer lasting training, both in the Reading | 18 June 2019 SOLD OUT classroom or an in-car environment. Cardiff | 9 July 2019 SOLD OUT The Applied Coach Approach course demonstrates how coaching Sheffield | 24 September 2019 principles can be used to help learners identify obstacles to their learning and develop strategies to overcome them. Edinburgh | 8 October 2019 SOLD OUT Birmingham | 17 October 2019 SOLD OUT

This course explains how you can use coaching techniques to: For more information and to book: • Promote positive interaction between pupil and ADI • Enable pupils to become more self aware as drivers driving.org/applied-coach-approach • Enable pupils to actively problem solve 020 8686 8010 • Help learners take greater ownership and responsibility with their learning [email protected] • Help general pupil involvement

*Please note venue details will be confirmed with delegates nearer to the time of the event. ** Unfortunately there is no parking at this venue.

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URING THE layers line up to permit a trajectory of error junctions because brakes on modern cars are INTRODUCTION to the opportunity a negative event could take place. better”. I replied: “what about the drivers, they Applied Driver Behaviour The holes in the layers of defences appear haven’t got any better” to which he said: “we D course I ran recently I for two reasons: active failures and latent didn’t think of that”. referred to James Reason’s conditions. Active failures are acts committed The second layer of defence would be how system model of human by people in contact with the system and cars are designed to protect the occupants error. Part of the reason this model was come in variety of forms (such as mistakes, with crumple zones and the thicker chosen related to the fact it was discussed lapses or procedural violations). windscreen pillars that create the protective in the first Driver Behaviour course run by the Latent conditions refer to weaknesses passenger cell but also large blind spots. DIA and I wanted some links between the two inherent in the system that exist due to The third layer of defence would be the courses so there was a logical progression decisions made while the system was driving test. However the driver may get through between them. being set up and have two types of adverse the test without a weakness in their observation The system approach to human error effects – error provoking conditions being highlighted as no road users approached argues that there are many layers of defences (such as understaffing) and long-lasting while they were emerging from a stop junction. to prevent negative events happening, weaknesses (eg false alarms that eventually The fourth layer of defence may be a such as engineering (for example, barriers), get ignored leading to slow reaction to an conscientious driver who always allows a people (for example, pilots), procedures or actual emergency). Latent conditions can lot of time for their journeys but one day is administrative controls. lie dormant in the system for a long time delayed due to roadworks. This causes a These are in place because a basic until they combine with an active failure and higher level of anxiety due to the importance principle in the model is that people are local triggers to open up the possibility of an they place on arriving at the correct time, and prone to make errors and by changing the adverse event occurring. leads to them rushing at a junction and taking conditions under which humans perform less To explain this theory I’ll discuss the less effective observations. adverse events will occur. In a perfect world scenario of a driver emerging from a These four weaknesses could then line up each defensive layer should be intact but in T-junction with poor visibility. The first layer with the outcome that the driver is involved in reality, there are always weaknesses. of the defence would be the road engineers a collision while pulling out of a stop junction. James Reason used the Swiss cheese who have designed the junction. The table on the next page outlines the analogy (Figure 1) but with holes that can I remember having a conversation with a examples of defences given here as well as open, close or move. Holes being present senior engineer at a council, where I worked four others along with a potential weakness in any one slice (or layer of defence) do not as a road safety officer, who said: “we for each (or, in James Reason’s cheese pose a problem, but when the holes in several have reduced the sight lines at some of the analogy, the ability to open a hole).

Figure 1: James Reason’s Swiss cheese analogy (1990)

42 Driving Instructor

p40_45_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 3 17/04/2019 10:52 am DRIVING.ORG/TRAINING

The role that people play in the system is crucial as their actions can either decrease or Defence Potential weakness increase the likelihood of a collision occurring. Unusual junctions pose a problem. Engineers Road engineering Unusual junctions catching drivers off may have had a justifiable cause for the road guard layout (for example to avoid congestion) but drivers rely on their memories to process information quickly, often without conscious Modern car design Large blind spots due to passenger awareness of the process taking place and safety cell making assumptions, therefore the critical differences are not taken in. Table 2 on the next page provides a Theory test Structure encourages learning transcript of a video from a lesson with one of my pupils outlining how unusual junctions answers rather than absorbing are highlighted as an issue while someone is information (eg Highway Code) leaning to drive. The transcript also highlights the importance of preparation (such as having a picture of a Practical driving test Test centre variability (eg some test specific junction ready to show a client), using centres have rural roads whereas coaching skills (for example making the client realise other people make similar mistakes, others don’t) or getting the client to problem solve), being tactical about where to stop to discuss topics Driving strategies (eg defensive It is socially acceptable to break (eg near some lights that are a conventional layout and different from the junctions just driving) speed limits encountered) and communication skills (such as leaving a sentence incomplete so that the trainee finishes the train of thought). Pass Plus course Low take up and not initially Using this system approach to human effectively supported by the insurance error will make your clients aware of different aspects of driving as well as giving various industry angles to fault analysis which helps to avoid repetition in how trainee performance is ADI Registrar Driving instructor training not addressed. It is important to get the client to realise that comprehensive enough they can do something about weaknesses in the system as it is human nature to place the blame elsewhere if possible. Road traffi c laws Low likelihood of being caught I read a comment on social media recently that stated “that’s a bad stretch of road” where a serious collision happened in Wolverhampton. It is a dual carriageway with an appropriate speed limit, well laid-out traffic controlled junctions and Table 1: System defences and potential weaknesses good visibility – the collision occurred due to two drivers who were driving high speed and witnesses think they were racing. A good driver will seek to overcome flaws to keep themselves, and those they share the roads with, safe. As well as linking your clients’ performance to concepts such as the system approach Drilling down to one point to discuss while some time before stopping to have a chat. In to error, the GDE Matrix, self-assessment or providing feedback and ensuring the trainee this situation you will need to write notes and goal setting, having a structured approach to has a comprehensive understanding of what give yourself reminders (such as where the providing feedback will make sessions much happened and how they can improve in the error occurred or who else was involved). You more effective. Picking up on driver faults is future will be the most effective approach to will struggle to remember everything clearly still an integral part of the standards check so raising the standard of a client’s performance. after 30 to 40 minutes of driving, especially if a structured approach will also be of benefit for While the error is fresh in their mind (and a lot has been happening or there are a lot of an examiner assessing your performance. yours!) the memory of it will be most clear faults being recorded. Here are five tips for good feedback: 1) Be providing a good basis for the discussion It is important to stop soon after a safety specific, 2) The sooner, the better, 3) Listen to about how to improve. critical incident as the severity of the situation what the trainee has to say, 4) Agree a solution An exception to this may be when you’re warrants prompt discussion. and 5) Link to learning objectives (not the trying to build up the endurance of their Once the situation has been dealt with you trainee’s ability). concentration and you are letting them drive for can then resume working on building up their

Driving Instructor 43

p40_45_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 4 17/04/2019 10:52 am TRAINING A Driving Instructors FEATURE Getting your Association Service

Table 2: Unusual junctions video transcript business back on

Trainer Trainee Remember we came to some traffi c lights a few minutes ago? Um-hm. the road What did you say about the traffi c lights afterwards? They were a bit confusing, not confusing, I felt like I was in the wrong lane This one was for straight and for turning but I felt like I needed to turn because 24 hours a day, 7 days a I was in the left-hand lane but then the right-hand lane was for turning. week – here and abroad Ok, what was confusing about the traffi c lights, can you remember? Um, I don’t really know. £59.50per year Have a look at that (handing a laminated picture of the traffi c lights being Is it? Oh. discussed to the trainee). That’s the junction we were just at. Non-member price £69.50

Why do you think I’ve gone through the trouble of taking that picture and Because a few people get it a bit confused. printing it out?

That’s right. So how are they different to the traffi c lights just in front of us? There’s two separate sets, so this one is for the left-hand lane and this one is for the right-hand lane. With our recovery policy, we offer you What do you think drivers sometimes do at that junction? Um, I don’t know. high quality cover at very competitive prices, giving you peace of mind that Well, they might see the red light and come to a stop even though their light Oh, because they haven’t seen this bit, that would cause a bit of trouble, is on green to go straight. wouldn’t it? you’re covered if the worst happens.

That’s right, or they might see the green arrows and start to do their right Have you? turn not realising they’ve got a red light. I’ve seen both those happen.

Not just with learner drivers but with experienced drivers as well. People that aren’t just paying attention.

So, have we talked in the past about how unusual junctions can catch people out? Yeah, about how you need to, leading up to it, fi gure out what the junction is.

So why do drivers get these unusual junctions wrong even though they’re Do they, just like, assume? experienced drivers? Our cover includes 24-Hour roadside assistance That’s correct, they see something and think “that’s a roundabout” a set of Instead of paying attention and focusing on the specifi cs. Home start traffi c lights or whatever and they do what they normally do so they miss the information. Rescue/recovery

Yeah, that’s right, it’s an important thing to learn in driving that when you see Don’t assume – look properly. Driving school and private cars something (pauses to allow trainee to complete the sentence)… European cover Motorbikes All vehicles up to 20 years old* independence over a prolonged period. give them when practice continues with the an agreement about what will be done on the Start your discussion with a question such topic being discussed. next attempt and the degree of support you will as: “What can you tell me about how you dealt Keep the conversation neutral and focus on provide. with the roundabout where I had to comment on learning objectives rather than their ability. An important role for the trainer is controlling your driving?” An exception to this may be when they have the amount of feedback a client receives in You need to find out what they were thinking done something at a lower standard than usual, a lesson as too little feedback and too much at the time and any reasoning they may have and you know it is a skill they normally carry out feedback both negatively affect motivation and for their actions before starting a conversation successfully. In this case it may be appropriate learning success. about how things should be done the next to use a past success coaching question such At the end of the session, when you are time a similar situation starts to develop. This as “Have you been able to carry out parallel getting the client to reflect on how they felt information will guide how the conversation parks without my help on previous lessons?” they performed, ensure some of the questions 020 8686 8010 needs to develop with the aim of coming to a Keep the focus on learning objectives as you ask require them to put into their own solution together and how much help you will you wrap up the conversation and come to words what they’ve learnt during the lesson. Subject to criteria; one vehicle per policy driving.org/recovery see www.driving.org/recovery/keyfacts for key facts * Vehicles up to 10 years for european cover 44 Driving Instructor

p40_45_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 5 17/04/2019 10:52 am A Driving Instructors Getting your Association Service business back on the road 24 hours a day, 7 days a week – here and abroad £59.50per year Non-member price £69.50

With our recovery policy, we offer you high quality cover at very competitive prices, giving you peace of mind that you’re covered if the worst happens.

Our cover includes 24-Hour roadside assistance Home start Rescue/recovery Driving school and private cars European cover Motorbikes All vehicles up to 20 years old*

020 8686 8010 Subject to criteria; one vehicle per policy driving.org/recovery see www.driving.org/recovery/keyfacts for key facts * Vehicles up to 10 years for european cover

p40_45_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 6 17/04/2019 10:52 am p46_47_Instructor_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 3:27 pm driving CAR REVIEWS MONTH 48 IN NEWS Take care if you vape and drive, two thirds of drivers think cyclists are inconsiderate, insurers warn against keyless car theft and more.

DIAMOND 51 COMMENT Chloe Denny looks at a selection of unusual gadgets that might come in useful on long road trips VAUXHALL ADAM – or maybe not! With funky looks, too-cool- EXCEPTIONAL for-school model names and a 52 HARDSHIP bewildering range, the Vauxhall Tom Harrington discusses speeding and its Adam is aimed at fashionistas 56 consequences and explores mitigating circumstances where exceptional hardship can be shown.

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Kathy Manson tries the Alcosense Ultra breathalyser and finds it quick and easy to use 62

Driving Instructor 47

p46_47_Instructor_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 3:27 pm TAKE CARE IF YOU VAPE AND DRIVE

Police have warned that drivers who vape behind the wheel could be fined thousands of pounds and face losing their licence. While it is not technically illegal to smoke e-cigarettes while driving, those who do so risk obscuring their vision with the clouds of vapour and may, as a result, be prosecuted for driving without due care and attention. Drivers found to not be in full control of their vehicle at all times could be landed with a £2,500 fine and up to nine points on their licence. The smoke clouds produced from e-cigarettes can cause drivers a similar visual impairment to glare from the sun, which may cause distraction and result in fatal incidents on the road. Sergeant Carl Knapp from the Sussex Road Policing Unit has previously warned drivers that “the smoke caused by vapes are a distraction and the consequences of them can be dire, all it takes is a moment to become distracted and potentially cause a crash and MONTH even worse, a fatality. “If you are going to vape I advise that you open your windows and blow the vapour directly out, just ensure that you are in full IN NEWS control of your vehicle before doing so.”

TWO THIRDS OF DRIVERS THINK CYCLISTS ARE INCONSIDERATE A recent study has revealed that two thirds of UK motorists think cyclists are inconsiderate road users. The AA Charitable Trust surveyed nearly 21,000 drivers, 66% of which thought cyclists lacked consideration for others on the road. Despite this, a massive 95% agree that cyclists are vulnerable on the road and should always be given space. 93% of respondents said they always look out for cyclists, compared to 89% five years ago. However, the number of motorists who have been surprised by an unseen cyclist has also risen. In five years, the number of drivers caught out by a cyclist suddenly appearing “from nowhere” has increased from 55% in 2014, to 65%. According to government statistics, ‘failure to look’ was a factor in 39% of accidents. Discussing the survey results, Edmund King, director of the AA Charitable Trust, said, “Our new research shows there is still some way to go in terms of ensuring everyone on the road looks out for each other.” “On the roads it should never be a case of drivers versus cyclists or motorcyclists. Everyone is on the road to get somewhere and by looking out for each other we can ensure we do so safely. “It is disappointing that two thirds of drivers feel cyclists are inconsiderate and this shows that more needs to be done by drivers and cyclists to co-exist safely and peacefully. The irony is that most cyclists are drivers and many drivers are cyclists.”

INSURERS WARN AGAINST KEYLESS CAR THEFT Insurers have reiterated their concerns over some to address increasingly prevalent relay attacks. keyless vehicles. The report gave several cars a poor security A new insurance claim is made every six minutes rating, as they had inadequate protection for their following car theft in the UK. The Association of keyless systems making them susceptible to theft. British Insurers said that its members paid out SMMT have criticised the report’s methodology, £376m in 2018 following vehicles being stolen, saying it didn’t compare “like with like” and offered nearly 30% more than in 2017. a “signpost for thieves and increasing the risk of Data from the Home Office for 2017/18 reveals targeted criminal activity.” that vehicle thefts reached more than 110,000, How to protect your vehicle from keyless theft: 10% more than 2016/17 and a 50% increase ■ Park your car in a locked garage over the last five years. ■ Check your car has the latest software The ABI said that the increase in car theft could updates be partly down to the vulnerability of modern cars ■ Keep your car key well away from external to relay attacks on keyless entry systems. doors or windows Thatcham Research published its latest theft- ■ Turn off your key’s signal overnight risk last week, and has started to look specifically ■ Keep your keys in a metal-shielded RFID at the vulnerability of cars’ keyless systems in a bid blocking pouch.

p48_49_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 11:02 am COUNCILS TOLD TO REMOVE UNNECESSARY ROAD SIGNS The Department for Transport has asked councils to remove road signs that are pointless or unnecessary to try and save money and improve conditions for drivers. Describing useless traffic signs as a “blight” on the landscape, the DfT claims that they are a waste of money and can confuse more than help drivers. Based on the work of the Road Signs Task Force set up in 2015 by Sir Alan Duncan MP, new guidance encourages councils to adopt a ‘less is more’ approach when designing and implementing new signs in the future. The Task Force’s proposals included ensuring temporary road signs are given a ‘remove by’ date, making signs more visible on unlit roads, and preventing temporary signs from being cluttered with distracting information. The DfT also suggested some examples of pointless signs – such as a traffic light warning sign when the junction itself is visible, or a roundabout warning sign when the junction map sign gives ample alert to drivers. The guidelines also give councils more freedom to mount signs on walls, railings or lamp posts in order to reduce street clutter. They will be allowed greater control on how they’re worded, too.

STUDY REVEALS CONCERN OVER DANGEROUS DRIVING IN GAMES AND FILM Nearly half of motorists think video games and films give young people the wrong impression of driving. Young Driver conducted a survey of 1,000 motorists, and found that 47% of respondents believed games such as Need for Speed, Grand Theft Auto and Forza Horizon were skewing views of driving. 40% thought that games such as these were making “bad driving look cool” while 33% believed the same for TV shows and films, such as the Fast and Furious series. 39% of drivers also said that TV and films rarely showed the consequences of fast driving. A small portion of those surveyed thought video games could be useful. 11% of respondents thought games were a good way of helping young drivers get reckless driving out of their systems, in a safe environment. Nicola Morgan, an author specialising in adolescent development, said the public perception was backed up by science. She said: “Teenage brains are still developing and that continues well into the 20s. The last area to develop is the prefrontal cortex, which is the brain’s ‘control centre’, necessary for tasks such as self-control, decision-making, risk analysis and saying no. “At 17 years old, teens do not generally have a fully developed control centre to help them make good decisions and control their emotional urges, including risk-taking. “If they have a risk-taking mind-set, they may put thrill before safety.”

NEW IN-CAR BREATHALYSERS FOR DRINK-DRIVERS IN FRANCE

The French government has announced that drink-drivers will be allowed to keep their licences by having a breathalyser fitted to their cars to prevent the engine from starting if they are over the limit. Under a government ruling, motorists at risk of losing their licences following a drink-driving conviction will have the option of installing an ignition lock activated by a breathalyser. A second blow will be required between five and 30 minutes later, ensuring they remain below the drink-drive limit, and to prevent the driver asking someone else to take the test. They hope that drink-driving offenders who ignore their convictions will be less likely to reoffend as a result. Around 600,000 drivers in France do so without a permit, either because it has been removed or they haven’t taken a test. The move aims to help people keep their jobs if they are found to be driving over the limit. The legal limit in France is 0.5mg/ml of alcohol per litre, compared to 0.8mg/ml in the UK. The new proposal will allow drivers caught with 0.8-1.8mg/ml to take part in the breathalyser scheme for six months.

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p50_51_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 10:57 am DIAMOND COMMENT

CHLOE DENNY GOING ON A LONG ROAD TRIP? TRY THESE UNUSUAL GADGETS OUT FOR SIZE

HILE I WAS LOOKING FOR car HANDPRESSO gadgets I came across quite a few Many of us love a hot cup of coffee while out on a long weird and wonderful ones. How many ABOUT THE day training or teaching. If you are anything like me the W of these do you think would come in WRITER choice of petrol station or burger joint’s coffee isn’t handy if you were on a long road trip? always appealing. Recommend a Chloe assists Karen in You can have it all with the Handpresso, or so the We want more the day-to-day running company’s information tells us. It’s not cheap, but this of Diamond, dealing with coffeemaker is tailor-made for your car. The unit works driver and rider RACK MOUNTED ROAD SHOWER all examiner enquiries, with your own preferred grounds or ESE espresso pods The car road shower, what a brilliant idea – not having to administration and is and the best thing is it plugs in directly in to the cigarette friend to the DIA trainers to stop off at a hotel to have a wash. Road Shower is the lighter or 12-volt port in your car. first point of call on the first rack-mounted solar heated shower on the market. phones. benefit from: It is capable of holding five gallons/19 litres of water, IOTTIE EASY ONE TOUCH WIRELESS FAST mounts on your roof rack and uses the sun to heat the CHARGING DASH & WINDSHIELD MOUNT water. Let’s hope it’s a sunny day when you use it or it If you’re driving solo on a long road trip, you are going could be a pretty icy experience. You can use a pump or to need directions. These days most people use Google Ä £25 million of Public an air compressor to pressurise the water. Maps on their phone, which unfortunately drains the Liability, and Professional battery. Do you know someone who could Indemnity insurance INFLATABLE CAR BED This is where this gadget comes in handy. It’s a one I guess if can have a shower on the road I may as well touch wireless charging dash and windshield mount, benefit from being a DIA member? Ä Income protection be able to have a nap too – in a safe and convenient which means your phone is charging while still telling insurance* place of course. There is an airbed up for grabs from you where to go. Its Qi wireless fast charging technology Autocastle, suitable for SUVs and sedans. The inflatable allows you to charge the device 40% faster than normal mattress is for the back of your car with your seats down. and it’s designed to support all smartphone sizes. Ä Legal advice for Share your DIA membership number with a friend The kit also includes two pillows, a repair kit and a fitting professional and personal* inflator/deflator. NONDA ZUS SMART TIRE SAFETY and when they join us you can receive situations MONITOR THE TRAILNEST On a long trip you need make sure your car is safe. With Ä £30 for every successful Plus referral Ä Professional support, This is probably the most bizarre piece of gadgetry that I this little gadget you can check the tyre pressure in real have seen. This piece of gear by TrailNest, allows you to time from your mobile. It also detects slow leaks before Ä £20 for every successful Standard referral guidance, training and chill in a hammock right on top of your car. It is made of it’s too late, and comes with anti-theft locking system. development aerospace-grade aluminium and the roof top hammock Ä Your friend saves £15 with a joining fee exemption stand securely connects to the existing roof bars on your What more can you ask for? With all of these gadgets Ä Representation on industry SUV (if you have roof bars in the first place of course) available, when you’re on the road you won’t need to pay issues at national and local and it works with any standard-size hammock. for a room again, or even stop somewhere for a coffee. level According to the marketing there is no need to search Enjoy your coffee swinging in a hammock under the stars, Find out more: for the perfect spot, you can sleep wherever you park before having after a refreshing solar powered shower your vehicle. Well that could be interesting, for me, it and sleeping on your inflatable car bed. Let’s just hope it driving.org/recommend | 020 8686 8010 | [email protected] Ä A huge range of discounts would be a case of parking my Nissan Juke somewhere doesn’t rain. for your business andÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ safe, probably Tilgate Park in Crawley and avoiding leisure time anywhere around the M25, with a constant worry that it will collapse under the strain. A unique idea, unfortunately Contact Chloe on Tweet your thoughts I doubt it will attract the UK crowd and I am yet to be Email [email protected] @diamondadvanced convinced it will take off anywhere. Visit trailnest.com to Telephone 020 8253 0120 find out more. #diamond *Income protection, life cover and legal advice for non-professional situations are exclusive to DIA Plus membership. Terms and conditions apply. For full terms and conditions, go to driving.org/termsandconditions Driving Instructor 51

p50_51_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 10:57 am driving EXCEPTIONAL HARDSHIP

TOM HARRINGTON DISCUSSES SPEEDING AND ITS CONSEQUENCES AND EXPLORES MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE EXCEPTIONAL HARDSHIP CAN BE SHOWN

NEW YORK CITY TAXI DRIVER in an electric car committed the first speeding infraction in the USA PENALTY POINTS SYSTEM on 20 May 1899. The driver was Jacob German who Most drivers will be aware of the penalty points system in the UK. drove for the Electric Vehicle Company, which leased Additionally, most are aware of the law stating that a driver who A its electric taxicabs to be used around New York. accumulates 12 penalty points within a three year period will be subject German was driving his taxi at a blistering speed of to a potential six-month driving ban under ‘totting up’ procedures. 12mph down Lexington Street, Manhattan. At that time the speed limit For many people, the thought of appearing in court is a daunting was 8mph on straight-a-ways and 4mph when turning. experience, however it is not all bad news. In the first instance, the court A police officer on a bike observed the 26-year-old driver speeding, case is an opportunity for the driver to fight his or her case. Secondly, promptly arrested him and imprisoned him in the East 22nd Street even if the driver pleads guilty or faces a totting up ban, he or she has station. There is some contention on whether he actually received a the opportunity to convince the court that a driving ban would cause paper ticket or not, which would also have made him the first person to ‘Exceptional Hardship’. be cited for committing a speeding offence. Outside of the USA, the first known speeding offence is thought to have been committed in Great Britain on January 28 1896, around three SPEED CAMERAS years before Jacob German was arrested for speeding. This infraction Speed cameras, or safety cameras, have been haunting drivers since was committed by Walter Arnold of East Peckham, Kent. He was the introduction of the Road Traffic Act (RTA) 1991. This Act resulted travelling in a 2mph zone (yes, 2mph) and was going at the breakneck in speed cameras being used across England, Scotland and Wales and speed of 8mph. You could have walked as fast. A constable mounted allowed evidence from approved cameras to be admissible in court. his pushbike and apparently a five-mile chase ensued. Arnold was Research conducted by IAM RoadSmart indicated that 80% of drivers caught and sent before the beak where he was fined one shilling. found the use of speed cameras acceptable and an important factor in

52 Driving Instructor

p52_55_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 1:32 pm CASE LAW The Road Traffic Offenders Act (1988), in particular s35 (1) has afforded the courts a certain amount of discretion in determining whether Exceptional Hardship has been made out. The courts, in turn, have made clear that each Exceptional Hardship case will ultimately be decided on its own facts and circumstances as in Carmichael v Shevlin (1992). Synopses of the most important cases are:

In Robinson v Aichison (1986) the loss of a business owner’s licence would result in the collapse of the business and loss of six employees. Exceptional Hardship established.

In Allan v Barclay (1986), while the loss of reducing road fatalities. However, speeding offences can easily be employment is not in itself Exceptional Hardship, committed. Local councils can set their own speed limits in certain areas, and these must be clearly signed, though new visitors to an subsequent risk to family home and inability to area could find themselves in a confusing situation if they are not meet other debts meant Exceptional Hardship was aware of local speed limits. Despite the support for speed cameras established. and their widespread use, over 92,000 people were disqualified from driving between July 2013 and June 2014. In Crumpas v Ingram (1991), a driver was the author of his own misfortune and the consequences to him EXCEPTIONAL HARDSHIP and others had to be accepted therefore Exceptional Few things are less fun than hearing and seeing the ‘blues Hardship was not established. and twos’ flashing lights behind you when you’re trying to drive somewhere in a hurry. In Ewan v Orr (1993), hardship had to extend beyond Maybe you made a mistake and weren’t watching your speed; an effect on the driver and his immediate family maybe you were brazenly violating the law. Either way seeing those therefore Exceptional Hardship was not established. lights means you’re probably getting a ticket and your wallet is about to take a hit. By law if you accumulate 12 penalty points or more within a In Forson v Procurator Fiscal Alloa, unreported, three-year period you will be summoned to appear in court and face (2008), hardship to the accused in itself will usually be disqualification for a minimum of six months. insufficient to establish Exceptional Hardship. Motorists who find themselves in this position can make an application to the court not to disqualify on the grounds of Exceptional Hardship. This will usually involve real hardship to the In the recent high profile case (March 2018) of cigar motorist or third parties who will be affected. Examples include: smoking Captain James Golding who was clocked speeding at 120mph in his luxury sports car he pleaded ■ Hardship to employer or employees of employment Exceptional Circumstances. He was spared a ban, ■ Loss of home as he was about to set off for a six-month tour of the ■ Disability Falklands. It was contended that a ban would hamper ■ Inability to care for an aged or loved one ■ Risk of redundancies his ability to carry out his duties and could ruin his ■ Hardship to creditors military career. Magistrates in Ipswich Magistrates Court ■ Living in a remote location agreed there were Exceptional Circumstances and Captain Golding retained his license. However, he was Courts are often sceptical of Exceptional Hardship applications fined £781 with six penalty points on his licence. He and will investigate any request not to disqualify, therefore it was also ordered to pay £85 in prosecution costs and a is important that any application is thoroughly prepared and presented, along with appropriate supporting evidence. £78 victim surcharge.

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p52_55_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 1:32 pm driving

AVOIDING A DRIVING BAN According to the 2011 census, 57% of the UK population drive to work. As well as making the commute to work more difficult, losing your licence could be a huge inconvenience in terms of family and social commitments. If the defendant can persuade the courts that a driving ban would lead to Exceptional Hardship, they could possibly avoid losing their licence. The submission of this argument to the courts is known as mitigating circumstances. The basis of this argument is:

■ The obligation is on the defendant to show that a driving disqualification should not be imposed ■ The hardship experienced is not limited to the driver but could also include an innocent third party who depends on the driver

Convincing the courts can be complex as there is no specific legal definition of Exceptional Hardship. Each case will be judged on its merits. Persons seeking to persuade the court that a driving ban would cause Exceptional Hardship must lead evidence to that offence. The onus of proof is entirely on the driver. Unlike in criminal cases, however, the courts must prove the guilt of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt and the standard of proof in Exceptional Hardship cases is on the balance of probabilities. There can be several different sources of evidence. Some of the main reasons are: Sworn witness testimony; sworn affidavits; signed letters; legal submissions; character references and other documentary evidence. We will look at three of the above i.e. letters; character references and other documentary evidence. CHARACTER REFERENCE Character references can sometimes be helpful. They show that you take the case seriously and can help present you in a good light. A few rules for letters and references:

■ Short (one page) ■ Stick to the point ■ Typed and signed ■ Don’t tell the court what they should do – that’s their decision

Most of the evidence you use will be in the form of letters. They need to explain the practical effects of a driving ban. They can be:

■ A letter from your employer saying that you will lose your job. ■ A letter from your employer explaining why you need to drive for work LETT ■ A letter from your partner, parents, family members, explaining the effect of a ban ■ Letters from sports clubs, organisations, charities, explaining how you drive for them ERS A good letter is worth its weight in gold. It is much more effective in court when information comes from the above. A good example is charity work. If you say you can’t do charity work if you’re disqualified, it can come across as self-serving and in bad taste. Hand in a letter from the charity concerned and the work is done for you. It is nearly always better to produce a letter than to have a witness appear in person. You can’t cross-examine a letter.

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p52_55_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 3 17/04/2019 1:32 pm OTHER DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE In a court of law, only those facts that are within judicial knowledge are accepted as proved without evidence being led to prove them. These are facts which are so notorious that everyone knows them. Thus, for example, it does not need to be proved that lawnmowers CON are used to cut grass or the city of London is busy during rush hour. However, the status of your mortgage, the existence of other debts, the position of your employees and the financial strength of your company are not within judicial knowledge. The crucial importance of documentary evidence is well illustrated by the decision in Marshall v McDougall (1991). Here the accused CLU was managing director of a company involved in the installation and servicing of central heating systems. He had several employees who would lose their jobs if the business failed. His role also entailed extensive travel throughout Scotland. Exceptional Hardship was established. SION TELL THE TRUTH Remember, you should never invent a defence in order to defend a speeding allegation – you either have a legitimate defence to defend Driving faster than is allowed in a particular area is your alleged excess or you don’t. Should you be caught trying to referred to as speeding. Speeding is also defined as mislead the police – by saying that you were not driving when you driving over the posted speed limit or at a speed that is were – then you will in all likelihood be charged with perverting the course of justice. (See Lord Howard below). By lying to the police inappropriate given the driving conditions, eg rain, fog, you will have turned a relatively minor speeding ticket into a possible traffic volume etc. Speed limits are set and enforced to prison sentence. save lives and reduce crashes. The following case highlights the dangers of giving misleading Where there is a serious driving offence and the information. On 1 December 2016, at Wimbledon Magistrates’ court is considering a custodial sentence, mitigating Court, Lord Michael Howard was convicted of failing to identify the factors should be presented to persuade the court to driver of a car belonging to him which was speeding. His vehicle was clocked at 37mph in a 30mph zone in South London and he and his deal with the matter other than by way of imprisonment, wife Sandra said they could not recall who was driving at the time. such as through a community sentence or a fine. Lord Howard is Queens Counsel and former leader of the Tory party. Offender mitigating factors relate to the personal He was fined £900, with £625 costs and £90 victim surcharge and circumstances of the defendant. received six penalty points on his licence. Remember, Exceptional Hardship has no statutory However, in January 2018 and on appeal to the High Court, his definition in law and it will be at the discretion of the conviction was quashed. The core issue in the case was that Lord Howard had completed the form giving the required details of his courts to decide if your circumstances warrant leniency. own address, his date of birth, but while he mentioned his wife, as In effect it can mean a level of hardship that will also the other possible driver, he failed to provide details. The second part impact innocent parties. of the form, which allowed for details of other drivers to be entered, It is a common misconception that if a defendant was left blank. merely suggests that a driving ban would be particularly As Queens Counsel, Lord Howard should have been fully au fait with Section 172 of the Road Traffic Act (RTA) (1988) which is a harsh punishment, the court will be lenient. In fact, well-known provision that many errant drivers will have received the defendant has to convince the court that such requiring them to name the driver on a particular day and time. a punishment would be exceptionally harsh. The obligation is on the defendant to show why a driving UNUSUAL SPEEDING CASES ban should not be imposed. If you drive in accordance with the posted speed Some drivers have escaped conviction with more unusual defences. David Copeland of Telford, Shropshire was let off when it was limits, you should have no reason to worry and will not established that he had received a fine in error. His vehicle was have to contend with the trauma of appearing in court. captured on the same photo as a motorbike which had broken the Retention of your driving licence is vital if you are to go speed limit – despite the fact that his vehicle was parked at the side about your daily work. Losing your driving licence can of the road and vacant at the time. have dire consequences such as losing your livelihood, Meanwhile, in 2017, David Erasmus, from Llanelli, West Wales your home, and jobs of your workers, etc. successfully contested a speeding ticket when he found that the white lines painted on the road as a secondary measure of speed However, if prosecuted and you can successfully were too close together. He measured the distance between the plead Exceptional Hardship you will have convinced the lines and found that they were three inches too short – his case was court that your licence is necessary to continue driving, dismissed. even though under normal circumstances you would In 2004, Steve Lucas from St. Helen’s Merseyside was let off a have been disqualified, as mitigating factors such as charge of driving at 115mph after he managed to prove that the Fiat Punto he was driving at the time simply couldn’t go that fast. Lucas Exceptional Hardship didn’t exist. took his car to a test track where a former police driver managed to get it go at 104mph, but no faster. His conviction was quashed, but he pleaded guilty to a lesser charge of 85mph.

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More style than substance WITH FUNKY LOOKS, TOO-COOL-FOR-SCHOOL MODEL NAMES AND A BEWILDERING RANGE, THE VAUXHALL ADAM IS AIMED AT FASHIONISTAS

hile Vauxhall has the Viva to wheel, with the Adam suffering from light main selling point is that it offers more style compete at the budget end steering and a hard ride on models with sport than its siblings, as well as a wide range of of the small car market, the suspension. The range-topping Adam S is a personalisation. W Adam caters to a style-focused warm hatch with a great chassis, but as it’s It’s a formula that’s been used to great audience. The Adam aims to fitted with 18-inch alloy wheels, it still suffers effect by cars such as the MINI and Fiat 500, attract buyers with distinctive looks and a from a firm ride. but the Adam foregoes the retro styling of wide variety of customisation options. While the Adam has more flair than these models, taking a more contemporary However, while the compact proportions Vauxhall’s other small models, there are rivals direction, like the Audi A1. look good on the outside and bring obvious in this class that offer a better ownership These cars are the main rivals for the benefits when it comes to town driving, they experience. Adam, although the Vauxhall can’t quite make themselves known inside. There’s compete in terms of appeal. Sales of the plenty of room up front, but passengers will Adam have been modest at best. find sitting in the back a very tight squeeze. Our Choice: At the core of the Adam range are the There’s less space in the Adam than there Jam, Glam and Slam trim levels, which can is in a MINI, and the rather cramped rear is Vauxhall Adam 1.2 VVT Energised be upgraded with a variety of styling and matched to a tiny boot. When the back seats technology packs. Also offered were the are in place, the car has a load capacity Adam S warm hatch (which was called the of just 170 litres, so prospective buyers The Vauxhall Adam is one of three small Grand Slam for a period), plus the Adam shouldn’t expect to fit a lot of shopping in. cars for sale in the firm’s dealers. It slots Rocks, which carried SUV-style body Sadly, the appealing looks do not add in the range above the Viva and shares cladding and a slightly raised ride height, up to much involvement from behind the running gear with the Corsa, but the Adam’s although 4WD was nowhere to be seen.

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p56_59_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 3:13 pm Whichever version of the Adam you’re looking at, you’ll get a petrol engine, front- wheel drive and a manual gearbox (an auto was available for a time, but these versions are scarce), with engines including a 1.0-litre turbo, 1.2 and 1.4 naturally aspirated units and a 1.4 turbo in the Adam S. At the end of its production run, the range had been pared back to just the 1.2-litre

“The appealing looks do not add up to much involvement from behind the wheel”

petrol engine, with Jam, Energised and special edition Griffin models offered. All cars are pretty well equipped, with even the entry-level Adam Jam fitted with alloys, daytime running lights, cruise control, air-conditioning, Bluetooth and a CD player. Glamcars had a glass roof, climate control, different alloys, chrome effect body styling and a digital radio. Keep on moving up the Adam food chain to the Slam and equipment will include 17-inch roll. However, push harder and the car starts the performance front they don’t offer enough ‘Hurricane’ wheels, sports suspension and to lose its composure. power and torque to make the most of the LED lights. The Adam Energised features The combination of harsher sports Adam’s light chassis. 17-inch black alloys with matching black suspension and large 17-inch alloys on the First up is a 1.2-litre 16-valve four-cylinder roof and body trim parts, plus Intellilink Adam Slam also has a negative impact on engine that is normally aspirated. It delivers infotainment system. ride comfort, because the car thumps into a paltry 69bhp at 5,600rpm and 115Nm of The pick of the engine range is one that potholes and fidgets over small bumps. torque at 4,000rpm – resulting in a rather wasn’t available towards the end of the With their softer springs and smaller sluggish 14.9-second 0-62mph time and a Adam’s production run. The 1.0 turbo three- 16-inch rims, the Adam Jam and Glam top speed just the right side of 100mph. cylinder is a properly modern motor with are much better suited to the UK’s poorly Following on is the 1.4-litre normally plenty of mid-range power and a six-speed maintained roads. The Adam Rocks and aspirated four-cylinder, which has a choice of manual gearbox. Again, the top-spec Adam S Adam Rocks Air deliver the best ride in the 86bhp or 99bhp outputs. Both develop peak had a unique engine with a 150PS 1.4 turbo range, with their 15mm increase in ride height power at 6,000rpm and deliver 130Nm of petrol and sporty settings for the suspension, meaning longer-travel suspension. torque at 4,000rpm. but a list price getting close to proper hot Whichever model you go for, a City Neither model is quick, but the 99bhp hatchbacks limited its appeal – although it steering mode makes the wheel light around Adam does 0-62mph in 11.5 seconds and could be a good choice as a used buy once town for parking. It then disengages at goes on to 115mph, ahead of the 86bhp initial depreciation has kicked in. 30mph-plus to deliver a more natural feel. car’s 12.5 seconds and 109mph. Equip Overall the Vauxhall Adam was an Combined with the Adam’s small dimensions, the 86bhp engine with the Easytronic auto, interesting experiment in offering a stylish city it ensures the car is a natural in the urban and the sprint time slumps to 13.9 seconds, car with plenty of personalisation, but without jungle. Even so, the blend of small rear although the box’s longer gearing improves the retro styling offered by other cars in this windows and thick C-pillars means the the top speed marginally, to 111mph. class. It’s a shame that it didn’t quite take optional parking sensors are worthwhile. To get the best from any Adam, the engine off as Vauxhall would’ve hoped, but today If fun behind the wheel is your priority, under the bonnet needs to be turbocharged – it makes for a well-equipped and unique then the performance-biased Adam S will and the real star is the 1.0-litre three-cylinder, used car that comes in so many variants that appeal to you most. It uses a 148bhp 1.4-litre which again is taken from the Corsa. With you’re sure to find one to your taste, plus it turbo engine, sits on a VXR-tuned chassis 113bhp and 170Nm of torque, it takes the has strong dealer backup for added peace and borrows the larger brakes from the car from 0-62mph in 9.9 seconds and on to a of mind. Corsa VXR. It’s quick for a car of its size and 121mph top speed. But this data doesn’t tell engaging to drive, but the firmer set-up and you how sweet, smooth and free-revving this 18-inch alloys can make it a little rough at unit really is. It’s one of the best of its type ENGINES, PERFORMANCE AND slower speeds. and something for Vauxhall to be really proud DRIVE of – it’s a shame that it was no longer offered ENGINES in the Adam at the end of its production run. As with the Vauxhall Corsa, quick steering The Adam arrived with a choice of dated The 1.4-litre turbo powers the hot Adam S, ensures that the Adam feels keen and alert engines already seen in the previous- and delivers 148bhp from 4,900-5,500rpm, on winding roads. Turn-in is sharp and there’s generation Corsa supermini, and these did along with 220Nm of torque from 1,800- lots of grip, plus the stiffer suspension in the little to help its appeal. Although they’re 4,500rpm. It’s an impressive engine, and top-specification Adam S helps reduce body largely well proven in terms of reliability, on gives warm hatch performance: 0-62mph

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takes 8.5 seconds and the top speed is 130mph. Engine choices are much more limited in the Adam Rocks and Adam Rocks Air. Buyers’ only options are the 1.2 or 1.4-litre engines without ecoFLEX technology, or the 1.0-litre three-cylinder. The latter is the obvious choice.

MPG, CO2 AND RUNNING COSTS

Just as the Vauxhall Adam trails the class leaders on performance and driving fun, it can’t quite match its rivals on efficiency and running costs. The best the Adam can manage on CO2 emissions is 112g/km. If you’re considering the 69bhp 1.2-litre or 99bhp 1.4-litre models, it’s worth opting for the ecoFLEX versions, as they come with However, that does mean that if you’re control and a trip computer, plus ESP, ABS, a stop/start and other fuel-saving measures looking at a used Adam, you’ll get a lot of tyre pressure monitoring system, six airbags, for a premium of only around £300. These stylish supermini for the money. 16-inch alloys and daytime running lights. tweaks cut emissions from 125g/km to Glam trim builds on this with climate 115g/km on the 1.2 and 118g/km on the 1.4. INTERIOR, DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY control, a fixed panoramic sunroof and DAB. If you’re looking at a used Adam, then There seem to be two ways for the modern Body-coloured door handles also set it apart, it’s worth doing some research to find a car city car to go on the styling front: they either as does some chrome trim outside and on registered before April 2017, as this will have try to look modern or retro. In the modern the door sills, while the daytime running lights cheaper road tax than a car registered later. camp, we have the likes of the Hyundai i10, and tail-lamps are upgraded to LED units. The Adam S comes with stop/start, but as well as the near-identical Volkswagen up!, Energised spec – based on Jam – is doesn’t benefit from a full suite of ecoFLEX Skoda Citigo and SEAT Mii trio, while on the designed to take away the often confusing technology, so its CO2 emissions are retro side there’s the Fiat 500. customisation choice and offer a specced-up, relatively high, at 139g/km. The Adam takes the modern approach, out-of-the-box model with less choice. It only The greenest Adam is the 1.0i three- featuring the latest Vauxhall front-end design comes with the base 1.2-litre petrol, which is cylinder. It uses ecoFLEX tech to match language with a prominent Griffin badge. a shame. It adds 17-inch black alloys, black the claimed fuel economy figure of the 1.2i Having said that, the curves of the roofline detailing, and LED running lights, plus inside ecoFLEX model, at 57.6mpg, but it has lower and elsewhere on the bodywork do give you get part leather seats, alloy pedals and CO2 emissions of 112g/km. the Adam something of the cute profile that Vauxhall’s ‘Intellilink’ system. All Adam models claim official fuel marks out the Fiat 500. Slam spec is mainly marked out by economy in excess of 50mpg, with the As you’d expect, there’s huge scope to styling tweaks, with 17-inch alloys, sports exception of the Adam S (which returns customise the car, with graphics, different suspension, a black roof and door mirrors, 47.9mpg). Consumption figures range from wheels and various paint finishes. It’s easy to plus tinted rear windows. It also benefits from 52.3mpg for the non-ecoFLEX, normally get carried away, though, and some additions the Vauxhall OnStar connectivity package – aspirated 1.4-litre model to 57.6mpg for the can make the Adam look a little garish. this is featured on the Adam Rocks and Adam 1.2i ecoFLEX and 1.0i. Climb aboard and it’s clear that Vauxhall Rocks Air, too. Fitting 17 or 18-inch alloys to models with has worked hard to create a classy The higher-riding, crossover-style versions smaller standard wheels can have a very atmosphere. From the slick dashboard to the of the Adam get Morrocana seats and earthy minor detrimental impact on economy and high-quality materials, the Adam feels a cut interior trims, to hint at their rugged visual emissions. Yet strangely, the Adam Rocks, above rivals like the DS 3. Highlights include appeal on the outside. which is 25kg heavier than a standard model the body-colour trim set into the dash, the And the Adam Rocks Air is set apart from with an equivalent engine and has at least chrome-ringed dials and the chunky leather the Adam Rocks by its full-length fabric 17-inch alloys, brings no penalty in terms of steering wheel. sunroof. The Air carries a premium of around mpg or CO2. As with the exterior, the sky’s the limit when £1,000 over the standard Rocks when it comes to personalisation. There are 18 seat specified with the 1.0 and 1.2-litre engines, INSURANCE GROUPS finishes to pick from, plus more than 20 trim but it isn’t quite so much extra with the No matter which version of the Adam you go insert colours and five options for the roof 1.4-litre engine. for, you can expect low insurance bills. The lining, including a ‘starlight’ version that uses At the top of the range, the Adam S costs Rocks 1.2 sits in insurance group 2, and the 64 LEDs to create a sense of the sky at night. around £1,500 more than a 1.0i Adam Slam Adam 1.2 in group 3. Specs comprise Jam, Glam (for around and has 18-inch wheels, a bodykit at the This rises to group 10 for 1.0-litre models, £1,400 on top of the Jam) and Slam (which front, sides and rear, switchable ESP-plus with the Adam S sitting in insurance group 15 adds about £750 to the price of the Glam). and the brakes from a Corsa VXR. Buyers of on its own. The Adam Rocks is around £500 more than this model can also specify figure-hugging a Slam and has a broadly similar spec to Recaro sports seats. DEPRECIATION that car, although climate control – standard Badge appeal is a critical factor when it from the Glam upwards – is an option. The SAT-NAV, STEREO AND INFOTAINMENT comes to depreciation, and unfortunately Rocks comes as standard with manual air- You’ll have to pay extra for the IntelliLink the Adam’s Vauxhall griffin isn’t as attractive conditioning, like the Jam. seven-inch touchscreen infotainment system to buyers as MINI’s winged badge or even As well as air-con, Jam models have a CD on all models. It’s not the most intuitive the Fiat 500’s retro charms. New Adams stereo with USB and aux-in connectivity, and set-up, but it lets you upload various music are worth around 29% less after three controls mounted on the leather steering and sat-nav apps, with the sort of swipe years, compared to 45% for the MINI range. wheel, plus Bluetooth. They also get cruise functionality you’d find on a smartphone.

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p56_59_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 3 17/04/2019 3:13 pm Every Adam features a CD stereo with LEG ROOM, HEAD ROOM & The Adam seemed to have gone against USB connectivity and an aux-in socket, but PASSENGER SPACE this trend initially, as it clearly impressed Glam models upwards get a six-speaker If you’re looking for a spacious family car, owners, ranking in an excellent 23rd place surround sound system with DAB radio. For you’re probably better off with a Corsa or when it made its Driver Power debut in 2014, the best in-car sound, an optional Infinity Astra than an Adam, given its compact before enduring a decline to 90th out of 200 premium speaker set-up can be added to all dimensions, but it is wider than a Fiat 500, cars in 2015. versions. so there’s more elbow room up front. While Our most recent results didn’t even include driver and front seat passenger have plenty the Adam, most likely due to a lack of owners of room – as well as numerous storage areas filing reports on their cars. PRACTICALITY, COMFORT AND and cup-holders – people sitting in the rear The stylish Vauxhall shares most of its BOOT SPACE will feel distinctly claustrophobic. platform with the tried-and-tested Corsa, Adults will probably only want to spend so buyers shouldn’t have to worry about Realistically, you’ll probably find yourself short journeys back there, so keep this in durability. using the back of the Adam for transporting mind if you frequently give lifts. Sliding front A four-star Euro NCAP crash test rating shopping and other luggage. Although the seats make getting into the rear easy at least, will disappoint Vauxhall. This was achieved boot is wide, it’s not very long or deep, and and children should be reasonably happy, in 2013 the Adam beating the DS 3 with its when you fold down the rear seats to free up although fitting a child seat will be a pain. individual percentage scores. more space, there’s a big step in the middle All versions get six airbags, stability control of the load floor. BOOT and a speed limiter, although there’s no Don’t go for the Infinity stereo upgrade if With the back seats in place, the Adam offers option to add safety technology such as you need a big boot, as the subwoofer takes 170 litres of boot space – and that’s pretty autonomous emergency braking. up a lot of space in the back. Still, for many poor compared to class rivals like the MINI customers in this market, audio enjoyment is (211 litres), DS 3 (285 litres) or Audi A1 WARRANTY likely to matter more than practicality. (270 litres). Vauxhall’s warranty is 60,000 miles or three Fold the rear seats down and you can years, extendable for a varying fee on cars SIZE carry 484 litres by loading the car up to the less than seven years old and with fewer than The Adam is well short of four metres in window line, and if you cram stuff up to the 70,000 miles on the clock. That is capped length and is a relatively light car – kerb roof that increases to 663 litres. to 100,000 miles in total. Any outstanding weights range from 1,101kg for the 1.2 warranty can be transferred in a private sale to 1,178kg for the Adam S, including the of the car for £25. chunky-looking Rocks models. That makes RELIABILITY AND SAFETY the little Vauxhall ideally suited to urban use; SERVICING it’s an easy car to thread through city streets. Vauxhall hasn’t performed very well in the Service intervals on all Adams stand at Thankfully, it’s also not lost when you annual Auto Express Driver Power satisfaction 20,000 miles or 12 months, whichever comes venture out on to the open road – the Adam survey in recent years. While it ranked an first. Vauxhall offers fixed-price servicing never feels so flyweight that it gets buffeted impressive 13th in the manufacturers’ chart packages, as well as service clubs, which when passing HGVs on dual carriageways in 2012, it’s since slid down the rankings to provide discounts on labour, parts and MoTs. and motorways, for example. 23rd out of 27.

Verdict

Engines, performance and drive 3.8/5 The Adam is fairly ordinary to drive, but the 1.0-litre three-cylinder turbo is a gem

MPG, CO2 and running costs 3/5 While some Adams can get near 60mpg economy, no model emits less than 100g/km of CO2

Interior, design and technology 4.2/5 The Adam looks great and has a funky interior, with enough personalisation options to make your head spin

Practicality, comfort and boot space 3.2/5 Three-door-only Adam is roomy in the front, but usability is hampered by cramped rear seats and a tiny boot

Reliability and safety 3.6/5 While the Vauxhall brand has customer satisfaction issues, the Adam seems to have proven a hit with owners

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Begin your Mercedes journey

THE MERCEDES A 180 SE IS THE CHEAPEST WAY TO BUY A NEW MERCEDES, BUT IS A BOG-STANDARD A-CLASS SOMETHING WORTH CONSIDERING?

he A-Class is the entry-level Golf, it’s business as usual – albeit in a tech- dash is covered in squashy plastics. The only variant in Mercedes’ extensive laden, leather-lined suit. place you’ll find scratchier materials is on T and ever-expanding model Every new A-Class – including the basic the very lower part of the front seats, in fact, range – and the A 180 is the SE – comes with twin digital displays, but all the regular touchpoints feel solidly cheapest way to put a sat-nav, Live Traffic information and keyless screwed together. three-pointed star on your driveway. go. Quality is excellent; the doors shut with Delve a little deeper and you’ll find that In SE spec, as tested here, it comes with a that characteristic Mercedes thud, and the leather is actually made from ARTICO Renault-sourced 1.3-litre turbo petrol engine and a six-speed manual gearbox. But does that mean those unable to stretch to the more powerful and arguably more desirable A 200 AMG Line, should feel short-changed? “The cheapest A-Class never feels slow; it doesn’t If you were trading down from a Mercedes C-Classor E-Class, there’s a very real chance the stubby gear lever on the centre console launch like a hot hatch but performance will be more might take you by surprise; the usual auto box’s column-mounted shifter offers a much than adequate for most buyers” cleaner dashboard design. But to those switching from a Ford Focus or Volkswagen

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p60_61_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 3:15 pm man-made fabric. But this is something on the Sport-spec’s LED lights and two-zone vs 31% from April 2019) than the A 200 Mercedes is implementing right across the climate control, of course, not to mention the when it comes to Benefit in Kind taxation, range as an environmental upgrade, rather aesthetic gains gifted by the 17-inch wheels. though the auto version of each is cleaner than an attempt to cut costs. Either way, it But we’d argue that another £27 per still. Those numbers pip the BMW 118i, looks and feels like the real thing. month (£402/month) for the equivalent but fall shy of the latest Audi A3 35 TFSI – While the standard central display appears A 200 is money better spent on the A-Class’s despite its sizeable power deficit. a little small alongside the larger set-up in excellent Executive Package, which adds better-specced cars, in isolation it looks just heated front seats, Active Parking Assist and fine – especially when you consider the fact a larger 10-inch media display. the left-hand side of the steering wheel slices Company car drivers looking for a slice of Verdict neatly between the two. the premium pie will be pleased to hear the Under the bonnet, you’ll find a de-tuned A 180 sits two percentage points lower (29% version of the A 200’s 1.3-litre petrol engine. Instead of that car’s 161bhp output, the Those stepping up from more A 180 produces just 134bhp, while torque (200Nm versus 250Nm) is down, too. But Stats mainstream models will feel linked to the six-speed manual gearbox, the satisfied to be sitting on the cheapest A-Class never feels slow; it doesn’t launch like a hot hatch, but performance will Six-speed manual, first rung of the Mercedes be more than adequate for most buyers. The front-wheel drive ownership ladder. The A 180 shift is even pretty sweet – the springy feel of old Merc manuals is gone, replaced by a 1.3-litre 4 cyl turbo petrol is fast enough, pretty frugal pleasingly short and notchy throw. It’s even a fairly accomplished motorway and good to drive, while cruiser. You’ll need to work the box for £23,080 SE spec throws in kit that’s peak performance, as it doesn’t shift down automatically like the DCT. But it’ll sit quietly inconspicuous on more Five at a steady 70mph, with those deep-profile expensive rivals. If you’re tyres cushioning the A’s occupants from the UK’s all-too-frequent potholes. £165 tempted by the pricier A 200, So should you step up to the faster A 200, we’d save some cash and or indeed Merc’s high-end trims? An A 180 SE will cost you around £357 per month 47.1mpg spend the difference on a few on a 36-month, 10,000-mile a year PCP choice options. deal with a 10% deposit. There are tangible 127g/km benefits to spending another £18 per month

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Setting your limits KATHY MANSON TRIES THE ALCOSENSE ULTRA BREATHALYSER AND FINDS IT EASY TO USE AND A QUICK WAY TO TEST YOUR ALCOHOL LEVELS

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p62_63_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 3:19 pm othing is more valuable to a If there’s no alcohol present the screen from previous tests for ultimate accuracy. professional driver than their will be green, if you’re getting closer to the If you want to share with someone else, let N driving licence. None of us limit but still legally allowed to drive, it will be them use their own brand new mouthpiece would get behind the wheel yellow. If you are over the limit, the red screen and you won’t have to worry about germs! after an evening’s drinking, and a picture of a car with a line through it will of course, but it’s surprisingly easy to still show you that you defi nitely shouldn’t drive! be over the limit the following morning – The AlcoSense Ultra also calculates how TRAVELLING ABROAD particularly if you have an early start. In fact, long it will take until you’re sober (when there All European and several worldwide drink nearly a fi fth of drink drive convictions are ‘the is zero alcohol in your system) and set an drive limits are pre-set so it’s easy to use on morning after’. alarm to re-test you again later. any international road trips. Should a limit Alcohol affects everyone differently. Though It’s important to remember that sailing change, the unit can be updated through there is a guide to how many units you can close to the limit is never a good idea. There’s a software download from AlcoSense. You drink before driving, the way alcohol affects never a guarantee that you won’t be over the can even pre-set your own self-imposed limit you depends on your weight, age, what limit using a different device, or because a lower than the country you are in. you’ve eaten and even stress levels. bit of time has passed. It’s better to not drink Just select the country/region you’re driving One person might be able to have a certain at all, or wait a good amount of time after in from the menu and it will set everything number or strength of drinks and still be ‘safe’ drinking even if you’re ‘under’ the limit. up for you according to the local legislation. to drive, but the same amount could affect The AlcoSense Ultra can also store 128 of It sets the limit, unit of measure and blood another person in a different way. This is your personal results in its on-board memory breath conversion ratio to allow accurate where a personal breathalyser can come in with date and time stamps if required. This is readings in either blood alcohol or breath handy. downloadable onto your computer giving you alcohol. a record of your results. A personal breathalyser takes the guesswork out of whether you’re safe to drive HOW DOES IT WORK? and helps ensure you keep that all-important The AlcoSense Ultra uses professional grade ACCESSORIES licence and, with it, your livelihood. As driving sensors to measure the blow pressure, fl ow The AlcoSense Ultra comes with a protective instructors, it could also be handy to keep rate and volume of breath exhaled and takes a case and 100 mouthpieces. It’s a very one in the glove compartment in case you reading when one litre of air has been exhaled handy size, and will fi t easily in your glove suspect your pupil has been drinking. to ensure an accurate sample. compartment, though it’s probably safer to I tried this at home and found it easy to use, In other words, you slide the top of keep at home and test before you get into and it gave quick and easy-to-understand the AlcoSense Ultra up, easily attach a the car. results. It’s particularly important to check disposable tube and blow into it when The Ultra features a backlit blow tube the morning after, which is something I will instructed. Once this is done, the screen will receptor so it’s easy to use on dark mornings, be doing from now on if I’ve been drinking show the level of alcohol in your system and evenings or at dusk. The mouthpieces feature alcohol the evening before. It’s vital to ensure whether or not you are legally safe to drive. a one-way valve to eliminate contamination that you’re safe to drive.

HOW TO USE Its Blow Coach feature helps you to blow into it correctly. If you get it wrong, the Ultra diagnoses why the test failed and tells you how to get it right next time. It eliminates under-reading by reading a little on the safe side. There is also protection from sensor saturation, for example if you perform your breath test shortly after drinking when alcohol is still present in the mouth. It’s very easy to set up and use, instructions are given on the screen for when to insert the tube, when to blow into it, at what level and for how long. It then quickly gives you a very clear reading. There’s also a set of instructions if you prefer to read the long version. It’s important to make sure that you wait at least 10 minutes after drinking before using, as you can damage the product. Remember that your alcohol level can increase in your AlcoSense Ultra costs £249.99 and includes 100 mouthpieces system for a while after drinking, so it is probably worth taking another test half an and a carry case. For more information visit alcosense.co.uk hour after you’ve had a drink to check the true reading, and even later as well just to be safe.

INFORMATION DISPLAY The AlcoSense Ultra features a full colour 1.8 inch (48mm) screen which gives you clear traffi c light coloured screens with detailed readings of your alcohol level in both blood or breath readings.

Driving Instructor 63

p62_63_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 3:19 pm INSTRUCTOR SHOP £5 PDI Bundle OFF [USUAL PRICE £73.30] All you need to get started on your road to becoming an ADI – this comprehensive bundle of resource materials will see you through your Part One and further. £60.97 DIA Plus Members £64.63 DIA Members £68.30 Non Members

ORDER CODE THIS MONTH’S DIA MEMBER OFFER 0131

1

MAGNETIC DOOR PANELS (PERSONALISED) PAIR – WITHOUT DIA LOGO

8in by 24in pair of personalised door panels. There is space for up to three lines of text and also for your ADI number if required.

DIA Plus members: £32.80 DIA members: £34.63 ORDER CODE 3106

64 Driving Instructor

p64_67_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 3:21 pm DRIVING.ORG/SHOPDRIVING.ORG/SHOP | 020 | 020 8686 8686 8010 8010

2

DIA AERO ROOF SIGN (PERSONALISED) WITH ROOF FILM £5 Stay-white acrylic raised ‘L’ magnetic roof sign with space for up to three lines of text.

Protects roof from scratches caused by vibrations of roof sign. OFF Measures 85cm x 33cm. Standard – Base: length 630mm width 580mm (max). Height: 210mm (max). Sides: 550 x 195mm (max). Rear: 560 x 195mm (inc L section). DIA Plus members: £89.80 DIA members: £89.80

ORDER CODE 3004

3

CONVEX BLIND SPOT MIRROR (SMALL 2IN)

These chrome plated convex mirrors are perfect for eliminating that overtaking blind spot. The self-adhesive back makes it easy to attach to the door mirror.

DIA Plus members: £2.52 DIA members: £2.66 ORDER CODE 2998

4

BELKIN CAR UNIVERSAL MOUNT

From the small and discreet, to the biggest smartphones on the market, the Car Universal Mount will fit your phone perfectly. Extendable arms firmly cradle your phone, while the mount adheres securely to your windscreen or dashboard. Plus, with the ability to tilt and rotate the cradle, it’s easy to find the perfect viewing angle for navigation.

DIA Plus Members: £17.99 DIA Members: £18.99

ORDER CODE 3444985

Driving Instructor 65

p64_67_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 3:21 pm INSTRUCTORTOP PICKS

5

PROTECTIVE FILM FOR STANDARD ROOF SIGN Protects roof from scratches caused by vibrations of roof sign. Measures 85cm x 33cm.

DIA Plus Members: £5.76 DIA Members: £6.08

ORDER CODE 3008

6

LEARNING TO DRIVE IN 3D This full colour book covers the complete learning to drive programme and explains in detail how examiners conduct driving tests.

DIA Plus members £5.76 DIA members £6.08

ORDER CODE 1053

7

TARGET 51

In this book the content is broken down into manageable units that the trainer can dip into when time permits. Uniquely, through a series of worked examples and exercises, readers are encouraged to review their own teaching and learning styles and identify for themselves targets for further professional development. Written in an easy to read style with humorous anecdotes and illustrations to get the message across.

DIA Plus Members: £22.45 DIA Members: £23.70

ORDER CODE 1056

66 Driving Instructor

p64_67_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 3 17/04/2019 3:21 pm DRIVING.ORG/SHOPDRIVING.ORG/SHOP | 020 | 020 8686 8686 8010 8010

8

ADI MAGNETIC SIGN (150MM)

DVSA Driving Instructor logo, green on white, magnetic sign. Magnetic sign measuring 150mm.

DIA Plus members £3.46 DIA members £3.66

ORDER CODE 3002

9

DIA APPOINTMENT DIARY LARGE A4 (2019)

Full of useful features to make your life easier, including a seven-day per page layout, hourly breakdowns, address book and a yearly planner.

DIA Plus members £1.79 DIA members £1.89

ORDER CODE 0101

10

DIA APPOINTMENT CARDS (250) Pack of 250 appointment cards. Simple appointment booking card, providing a clear record for pupil and instructor. DIA Plus members: £9.18 DIA members: £9.69 ORDER CODE 2000

HOW TO ORDER You can order shop goods from us via our website at driving.org/shop or over the phoneFIND by OUT calling MORE us on VISIT 020 8686 8010

You’ll need to have your credit/debit card details handy and your membership number available to make use of our specialwww.driving.org/webbuilder member prices. If you’d like to pay by cheque, get in touch and we’ll post you an order form that you can fill out and return to the office. Postage costs £4 per order, so get the best value by ordering more items in one go. We aim to despatch items to you the next working day, but allow up to five working days for delivery. UK and NI only.

Driving Instructor 67

p64_67_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 4 17/04/2019 3:21 pm Not listed? email NATIONAL & LOCAL [email protected]

ADI ASSOCIATIONS LOCAL ASSOCIATIONS

Aberdeen & District Derek Young 01224 897606 Ashford Derek Goodwin 01233 641924 Aylesbury Richard Stansfield 07738 408089 Banbury Sally Franklin 07870 545431 Barnet Ramesh Versani 020 7386 9943 Barnsley Dave Peacock 07773 978949 Bedford & District Mike Jozwiak 01234 342435 National Associations Strategic Partnership Berkshire (BDI) Andy Lee 07931 545777 Birmingham James Quinn 07734 915363 Bishop Auckland Darran Shaw 01388 451315 Blackburn Linda Brooks 07749 960304 Blackpool David Bell 01253 595179 Bolton & Bury Dave Thomas 01204 382557 Bournemouth Debbie Axworthy 07980 618305 ADINJC Bridgend John Essaye 01656 725778 Approved Driving Instructors National Joint Council Cambridgeshire Sue Papworth 07703 355722 Carlisle David Hamilton 07747 038938 Clive Snook, Liaison Officer, 47 Sweetmans Road, Causeway/Northwest Ireland William Ogilby 07563 649025 Shaftesbury, Dorset. SP7 8EH Chesterfield Mark Comford 07979 383999 Cornwall F. Rossin 01726 66566 Colchester Chris Barnett 07876 416031 E: [email protected] | W: www.adinjc.org.uk Crewe & District Emma Newell 07790 601987 Derby Ken Butterworth 01332 411501 Doncaster Roy Nelson 01302 770160 Dorset Julie Mansley 07702 886109 Dundee Dave Howie 01382 350650 Durham Brian McGee 07843 200314 East Kilbride Bryan Harper 07747 530684 DIA East London Joseph Danquah 07956 241082 Driving Instructors Association Edinburgh Mansour Marouf 0131 553 5600 Essex Philip Matthews 07980 938290 Carly Brookfield, CEO, Gleneagles Court, Brighton Rd, Fife Kenny MacLean 01592 773724 Crawley, West Sussex RH10 6AD Forth Valley Gareth Marchant 01786 451542 Glasgow Alex Buist 01360 312717 Gloucestershire Doug Birch 07885 482470 T: 020 8686 8010 | E: [email protected] | W: www.driving.org Gravesham John Shailer 01474 814438 Grimsby Mark Camburn 014722 692266 Halton Graham Cain 0151 420 2688 Hampshire & West Sussex Jane Le Feuvre 07939 002129 Harrogate Phil Hirst 07801 503423 Harrow Mansha Kapur 07854294825 MSA Hereford Craig Preedy 07949 026126 Motor Schools Association Huddersfield and District Nigel Deans 07581 387891 Inverness Orlando Collesso 07931 528344 John Lepine MBE, General Manager, Motor Schools Inverurie Richard Gilbert 01467 642861 Kendal David Morgan 01539 731296 Association of Great Britain Ltd, 101 Wellington Road North, Kettering and District Andrew Love 07812 537 562 Stockport, Cheshire. SK4 2LP Lanark Graham May 07963 331418 Lanarkshire David Thomson 07766 270837 T: 0161 429 9669 | E: [email protected] | Lancaster & Morecambe Barry Price 07721 391758 W: www.msagb.com Leeds Derek Smith 0113 232 8900 Leicester Carl Wasilewski 01509 646471 Lewes John Rennie 07717 101713 Luton John Neilson 01582 583 783 If you have any questions or queries for NASP please contact us through our website: Mansfield & Ashfield Phil Lawson 07751 488111 www.n-a-s-p.co.uk Merseyside Peter Barnes 0151 521 3136 Milton Keynes Derek Wormald 07958 715927 Montrose (MDIA) Moira Parker 07773 765 483 Moray Iain Holgan 07870 593441 Newcastle upon Tyne Elizabeth Cairns 07855 762 045 North Avon Jerry Price 07770 608 848 North London (LDIS) Roy E.Gerondaes 07956 275230 North Wales Arthur Carpenter 0777 9662868 North West Federation Des Desai 07900 513372 Nottingham Kate Fennelly 07751 156 408 OTHER UK ASSOCIATIONS Nuneaton & District Ralph Walton 024 76386873 Oxfordshire David Ryman 07514 093217 Perth Judith Fotheringham 01764 670259 AIRSO Association of Industrial Road Safety Officers Plymouth & District Rob Bullen 01566 782431 Graham Feest, Secretary, 68 The Boulevard, Worthing, Pontefract Ian Sidaway 07935498518 West Sussex BN13 1LA Powys Paul Wilson 01544 350263 Rochdale Harold Lightfoot 01706 341785 T 01903 506095 | E: [email protected] | W: www.airso.org.uk Rotherham James Crowe 07811 236773 Rugby Sunil Rana 01788 575859 Rushden Ian Green 07966 149589 Salisbury Jo Horswell 01725 517595 Institute of Master Tutors of Driving Scarborough and District John White 01723 500600 IMTD Slough Lorraine Maunder 07989 414711 Kathy Higgins, Secretary, 24 Highfield Road, Knowsley, Huyton. L36 3XR Solihull Peter Williams 07970 782690 South East (Kent) Adrian Lewis 07984 603898 Tel: 07748 303545 | E: [email protected] | W: www.imtd.org.uk South Manchester Rob Farrelly 07526 005140 South Staffordshire Paul Buckle 07773 359128 Southend and District Mark Christmas 07733 649719 Southport Ian Duff 07752 913917 St Albans and District Louise Watson 07973 309661 St Helens & District Christine Holland 01942 713743 Stockton Brian Docherty 07891 864219 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS Sunderland Bert Moncur 07976 539179 Sussex Rob Ward 01903 774929 Teesside Paul Coleman 01642 517848 EFA European Driving Schools Association Three Counties (Hants, Surrey & Berks) Sue Pitchley 01252 716723 101 Wellington Road North, Stockport, Cheshire SK4 2LP Wakefield Peter Gamewell 07713 444126 Warrington Anne Green 07840 077807 Watford Peter Fraser 020 8950 8111 T: 0161 883 1665 | E: [email protected] | W: www.efa- eu.com Wessex Colin Gladwell 01373 822006 West Lothian Ian Sidaway 07935 498518 West Yorkshire Tom Meechan 07970 412421 Whitchurch Bill Hancock 07860 477833 IVV International Association for Driver Education Wirral Richard Gillmore 07790 193138 Worcester & District Adrian Care 01905 757234 Gleneagles Court, Brighton Rd, Crawley, West Sussex RH10 6AD Wycombe David Wallington 01494 714678 Yeovil Sue Miles 01935 420885 T: 020 8686 8010 | E: [email protected] | W: www.ivv.org.uk York Edward Marshall 07971 431515

68 Driving Instructor

p68_69_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 3:22 pm To advertise email ADVERTISER [email protected] INDEX

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Driving Instructor 69

p68_69_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 2 17/04/2019 3:22 pm veygo_adinews_ad.pdf 1 08/03/2018 09:51

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ROAD RAGE AND AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR ARE COMMON ON THE UK’S ROADS. Y IS THE PROBLEM WORSE FOR LEARNER DRIVERS? CM MY

CY PEAKING TO THE BBC, ADI Kerry let it bother us too much, to the point of joking about it Trotman called for other motorists to sometimes, but it’s no joking matter when it starts to impact CMY

pay more respect to learner drivers. She Tweet your your safety. K S said impatient drivers often intimidate thoughts her pupils by tailgating and carrying out @the_DIA Martin Crawley dangerous manoeuvres to overtake. Get tailgated every day. I sometimes think it would be safer ADI Perwaiz Rajput had to call 999 You can like us without the L on the car!! after being chased by an angry motorist for 10 minutes on Facebook at during a lesson. His pupil waited for 30 seconds at a busy facebook.com/ Phil Gunney junction negotiating a turn when the driver behind began drivinginstructors Every day and it’s not just towards learners, I cycle and it’s tooting his horn and edging closer. After Perwaiz and his association the same! Learners taught to laugh at the fact we can make pupil managed to pull out, the driver tailgated them in a people stressed as they should have left 5 mins earlier! 10-minute pursuit. Learn to laugh at other people’s stupidity. What are your experiences with road rage and aggressive driving while teaching? We asked this question Lisa O’Brien on Facebook and received a number of responses, all of Every day. I wish the police would sit in one day on our which said that road rage was sadly all-too common. lessons and see what we see. Would love to be followed by an unmarked car which watches everything. Here’s a selection of comments from our members about their experiences Julie Roberts Absolutely! I’m also in Bristol and find a contributory factor Tim Mills to these behaviours is the blanket 20mph speed limits. I’ve lost count of how many times I’ve been overtaken on Some road users simply cannot wait to overtake a learner the wrong side of a traffic island while doing the 30 limit. driving at the correct speed for the road and the conditions, realise then how much they’re speeding by and then slam Andrea Gordon on the brakes. My area isn’t too bad but I still get my fair share – think my most shocking incident was being overtaken whilst Julia Sheppard stationery at a zebra crossing as someone was actually The impatience and sheer aggression towards learners is crossing the road. appalling. So often, at traffic lights or roundabouts, tooting horns and/or gesticulations and swearing causes panic Mark Tucker in the learner so they stall. If drivers were more patient I can relate to this on almost every lesson. I’d be happy to and calm, everything would move off smoothly. They have invite the police to sit in the back for a day or two, just to very short memories concerning their own learning see what we’re up against. We do rise above it, and don’t experience.

70 Driving Instructor

p70_71_Instructor_2019_Issue04.indd 1 17/04/2019 3:24 pm veygo_adinews_ad.pdf 1 08/03/2018 09:51

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DIA Plus gives you enhanced DIA membership benefitsplus income protection cover and access to exclusive member discounts.

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DIA Plus is the trading name of Driving Magazine Limited, an Appointed Representative of PG Mutual. PG Mutual is the trading name of Pharmaceutical and General Provident Society Ltd. Registered office: 11 Parkway, Porters Wood, St Albans, Hertfordshire AL3 6PA. Incorporated in the United Kingdom under the Friendly Societies Act 1992, Registered Number 462F. Authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and the Prudential Regulation Authority, Firm Reference Number 110023.

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