18.06.01 Status Report 2017
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Integrity of Reactor Pressure Vessels in Nuclear Power Plants: Assessment of Irradiation Embrittlement Effects in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels No
156 pages, 9mm IAEA Nuclear Energy Series IAEA Nuclear No. No. NP-T-3.11 No. No. Steels Vessel Pressure Reactor in Effects Embrittlement Irradiation of Assessment Plants: Power Nuclear in Vessels Pressure Reactor of Integrity IAEA Nuclear Energy Series No. NP-T-3.11 Basic Integrity of Reactor Principles Pressure Vessels in Nuclear Power Plants: Objectives Assessment of Irradiation Embrittlement Guides Effects in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels Technical Reports INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA ISBN 978–92–0–101709–3 ISSN 1995–7807 P1382_covI-IV.indd 1 2009-05-05 11:14:48 INTEGRITY OF REACTOR PRESSURE VESSELS IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS: ASSESSMENT OF IRRADIATION EMBRITTLEMENT EFFECTS IN REACTOR PRESSURE VESSEL STEELS The following States are Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency: AFGHANISTAN GUATEMALA OMAN ALBANIA HAITI PAKISTAN ALGERIA HOLY SEE PALAU ANGOLA HONDURAS PANAMA ARGENTINA HUNGARY PARAGUAY ARMENIA ICELAND PERU AUSTRALIA INDIA PHILIPPINES AUSTRIA INDONESIA POLAND AZERBAIJAN IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL BANGLADESH IRAQ QATAR BELARUS IRELAND REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA BELGIUM ISRAEL ROMANIA BELIZE ITALY RUSSIAN FEDERATION BENIN JAMAICA SAUDI ARABIA BOLIVIA JAPAN SENEGAL BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA JORDAN SERBIA BOTSWANA KAZAKHSTAN SEYCHELLES BRAZIL KENYA SIERRA LEONE BULGARIA KOREA, REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE BURKINA FASO KUWAIT SLOVAKIA CAMEROON KYRGYZSTAN SLOVENIA CANADA LATVIA SOUTH AFRICA CENTRAL AFRICAN LEBANON SPAIN REPUBLIC LIBERIA SRI LANKA CHAD LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA SUDAN CHILE LIECHTENSTEIN SWEDEN CHINA LITHUANIA -
Russia Case Study
2° OIB D.N.L. Geography: Theme 2 Case study of development and inequalities in Russia PART TWO 1. A continent spanning State, rich in resources Hydrocarbon reserves Uranium Gold, diamonds Iron and non-ferrous metals Cultivated land (cereals) Taiga and conifer forests Towns (enabling resource exploitation) Polar Tundra and mountains Permanent Ice banks Permafrost limit 2. Photograph of the city of Norilsk, a degraded environmental inheritance from the Soviet Union: Norilsk is an industrial town expanded by Stalin in 1935 to exploit minerals. Today the Norilsk Nickel Company produces 20% of all nickel in the world. Life expectancy for the workers is 10 years less than the Russian average. Learn more about the closed city of Norilsk here: http://theprotocity.com/norilsk_closed_cit/ Watch this excellent, sad, moving video about Norilsk here: (11m): https://www.theatlantic.com/video/index/545228/my-deadly-beautiful-city-norilsk/ 3. Demographic and socio-economic challenges facing Russia - Lack of manpower - Russia, which currently has a population of 146.9 million, has lost more than five million inhabitants since 1991, a consequence of the serious demographic crisis that followed the fall of the Soviet Union. The first generation born in the post-Soviet years, which were marked by a declining birth rate, is now entering the labour market, which is likely to see a shortage of qualified manpower and a resultant curb on economic growth. - Retirement age - The retirement age in Russia -- 55 for women and 60 for men -- is among the lowest in the world. While state pensions are very low, with the demographic decline the system still represents a growing burden for the federal budget…. -
Annual Report JSC CONCERN ROSENERGOATOM for 2009
Annual Report JSC CONCERN ROSENERGOATOM FOR 2009 Safety Effi ciency Responsibility Safety Effi ciency Responsibility JSC Concern Rosenergoatom Annual report for 2009 Content I. GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Preamble 7 1.1. On the Annual Report 7 2. Statements of top management of Rosenergoatom 8 2.1. Statement of the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Rosenergoatom 8 2.2. Statement of the General Director of Rosenergoatom 9 3. General information on Rosenergoatom 10 4. Key corporate events in 2009 11 5. Mission of Rosenergoatom 13 6. Management 13 6.1. Management structure 13 6.2. Management methods and corporate policy 24 II. CORE BUSINESS 7. Strategy 29 7.1. Positions of Rosenergoatom within the industry 29 7.2. Strategy of Rosenergoatom 30 7.3. Rosenergoatom’s medium-term development objectives and tasks (2009–2011) 30 7.4. Key performance indicators of Rosenergoatom 31 7.5. Key risks associated with Rosenergoatom’s operations 31 8. Rosenergoatom. Facts and fi gures 32 8.1. Generating capacities of Rosenergoatom 34 8.2. Electricity generation at Russian NPPs 44 8.3. Maintenance and repairs 45 8.4. Lifetime extension of NPP units 46 8.5. Production growth program 46 8.6. Construction of new power units 47 9. Priority areas of operations of Rosenergoatom 49 9.1. Production and marketing activities of Rosenergoatom 49 9.2. Investments 50 9.3. Innovation and competitive growth 50 III. CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY 10. Safety 53 10.1. Safety indicators 53 10.2. Ensuring nuclear and radiation safety and non-proliferation of nuclear materials 55 4 JSC Concern Rosenergoatom 10.3. -
Security Operational Skills 2 (Tracing).P65
Unit - 4 K Operating Skill for handling Natural Disasters Structure 4.1 Objectives 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Operating Skill for natural and nuclear disasters 4.4 Accident Categories 4.5 Nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents 4.6 Geological disasters 4.7 Operating Skills for handling Mines and other Explosive Devices 4.8 Operating Skills for handing hijacking situation (other than an airline hijacking 4.9 Operating skills for antivehicle theft operations 4.10 Operating skills for facing a kidnapping or hostage situation 4.11 Operating Skill for handling coal mines and other explosive devices 4.12 Hostage Rights : Law and Practice in Throes of Evolution 4.12.1 Terminology 4.13 Relative Value of Rights 4.14 Conflict of Rights and Obligations 4.15 Hong Kong mourns victims of bus hijacking in the Philoppines 4.16 Rules for Successful Threat Intelligence Teams 4.16.1 Tailor Your Talent 4.16.2 Architect Your Infrastructure 4.16.3 Enable Business Profitability 4.16.4 Communicate Continuously 4.17 Construction Safety Practices 4.17.1 Excavation 4.17.2 Drilling and Blasting 4.17.3 Piling and deep foundations 234 4.18 Planning 4.18.1 Steps in Planning Function 4.18.2 Characteristics of planning 4.18.3 Advantages of planning 4.18.4 Disadvantages of planning 4.1 Objectives The following is a list of general objectives departments should consider when creating an Information Disaster Prevention and Recovery Plan: O Ensure the safety of all employees and visitors at the site/facility O Protect vital information and records O Secure business sites -
Udmurtia. Horizons of Cooperation.Pdf
UDMURTIA Horizons of Cooperation The whole world is familiar fiber, 8th – in production of pork; or hammer out a nail for a house with the gun maker Mikhail Ka- it is among 5 major regions - fur- with your own hands to have a tra- lashnikov, motor cycles «Izh», the niture producers in Russia and ditional Udmurt wedding, to re- composer Pyotr Tchaikovsky and among 10 major regions of Russia cover physical health with help of the skier Galina Kulakova but as producing dairy and meat prod- unique mud, mineral waters and long as 20 years ago there were ucts. health-giving honey (apiotherapy) few people who were able to as- Acquaintance with future part- and spiritual health – in cathe- sociate them with Udmurtia. Now ners from Udmurtia is related to drals and at sacred springs, to re- it is just a fact in history explained business tourism. Citizens of oth- lieve stresses of the metropolitan by strategic significance of the er countries and regions of Russia city in the patriarchal tranquility Republic in the defense complex when selecting a holiday destina- of villages, to choose an educa- of Russia and its remoteness from tion will not consider our region tional institution for studying. the state borders. as a health resort or touristic cen- Udmurtia is the region of hospi- Business partner highly appre- ter along with London or Paris in table and purposeful people open ciate products manufactured in the first place. for dialogue and cooperation. the Republic and extend relations However, Udmurtia is attrac- with its manufacturers. tive not only as the industrial-in- Udmurtia produces equipment novative or educational center. -
Passive Safety Injection System Design and Simulation for Small Scale Pressurized Water Reactor
Passive Safety Injection System Design and Simulation for Small Scale Pressurized Water Reactor Muhammad Tahir A dissertation submitted for the degree of “Doctor of Philosophy” (PhD) in Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Islamabad Pakistan May 2011 Declaration I declare that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree in this or in any other university. Signature: __________________________ Author’s Name: (Muhammad Tahir) Supervisor Dr. Imran Rafiq Chughtai Principal Engineer Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences [PIEAS] Islamabad, Pakistan. Head, DNE, PIEAS 2 Acknowledgements All praises and thanks to God, the most Merciful, Compassionate, Gracious and Beneficent who has created man and is a source of knowledge and wisdom. At the very outset, I am thankful to my supervisors, Dr. Imran Rafiq Chughtai, PE and Dr. Muhammad Aslam, CE for their supervision, technical advices throughout the investigations and preparation of this manuscript. I am greatly indebted to director Imtiaz Rabbani for his administrative guidance. I am also grateful to my professors at PIEAS especially Dr. Muhammad Aslam, Dr. Tehsin Hamid, Dr. Naseem Irfan, Dr. Mansoor Hamid Inayat, Dr. Nasir Majid Mirza, Dr. Sikandar Majid Mirza and Dr. Muhammad Tufail. I am thankful to Dr. Muhammad Arfin Khan for his assistance in visiting Texas Tech University USA and guidance in educational and research activities. I am also grateful to my friends and colleagues who ensured a creative and good working environment and helped me in technical and non-technical matters. -
Industrial Framework of Russia. the 250 Largest Industrial Centers Of
INDUSTRIAL FRAMEWORK OF RUSSIA 250 LARGEST INDUSTRIAL CENTERS OF RUSSIA Metodology of the Ranking. Data collection INDUSTRIAL FRAMEWORK OF RUSSIA The ranking is based on the municipal statistics published by the Federal State Statistics Service on the official website1. Basic indicator is Shipment of The 250 Largest Industrial Centers of own production goods, works performed and services rendered related to mining and manufacturing in 2010. The revenue in electricity, gas and water Russia production and supply was taken into account only regarding major power plants which belong to major generation companies of the wholesale electricity market. Therefore, the financial results of urban utilities and other About the Ranking public services are not taken into account in the industrial ranking. The aim of the ranking is to observe the most significant industrial centers in Spatial analysis regarding the allocation of business (productive) assets of the Russia which play the major role in the national economy and create the leading Russian and multinational companies2 was performed. Integrated basis for national welfare. Spatial allocation, sectorial and corporate rankings and company reports was analyzed. That is why with the help of the structure of the 250 Largest Industrial Centers determine “growing points” ranking one could follow relationship between welfare of a city and activities and “depression areas” on the map of Russia. The ranking allows evaluation of large enterprises. Regarding financial results of basic enterprises some of the role of primary production sector at the local level, comparison of the statistical data was adjusted, for example in case an enterprise is related to a importance of large enterprises and medium business in the structure of city but it is located outside of the city border. -
Chernobyl Template.Qxd 16/09/2019 11:08 Page 39
9Chernobyl_Template.qxd 16/09/2019 11:08 Page 39 39 Chernobyl On 3 February 1987, during a lecture trip to Japan, I was invited to meet five members of the Japan Atomic Industrial Forum Inc. Zhores Medvedev They wanted to discuss my book, Nuclear Disaster in the Urals, which described the consequences of the Kyshtym disaster, an On 8 August 2019, a explosion at a nuclear waste site in the deadly nuclear explosion Soviet Union in 1957. took place in northern The book, published in New York in 1979 Russia in the vicinity of and translated into Japanese in 1982, was the Nenoksa weapons then still the only published description of testing range. At least five this accident. The Kyshtym disaster was not people are said to have yet included in a list of nuclear accidents died. Subsequently, a prepared by the International Atomic Russian state weather Energy Agency (IAEA). Top of this list, agency confirmed release recorded at a topofthescale 7 in severity, into the atmosphere of was Chernobyl, Three Mile Island was strontium, barium and scale 5, and the fire at Windscale in other radioactive isotopes, England, in 1957, was scale 3. (The indicating that a nuclear International Nuclear Event Scale was reactor was involved in revised several times, subsequently, and the the explosion. fire at Windscale is now reckoned to be Zhores Medvedev died scale 5.) in 2018, before this recent In 1987, I had already started to study the explosion. Back in 2011, available information on Chernobyl he charted a trail of because I was not satisfied with the Soviet nuclear disasters from Report to the IAEA, which blamed mainly Kyshtym in the the power station personnel for gross Cheliabinsk region of operational errors. -
Benefit-Function of Two- Identical Cold Standby Nuclear Reactors System Subject to Failure Due to Radioactivity Or Overheating, Steam Explosion, Fire, and Meltdown
International Journal on Mechanical Engineering and Robotics (IJMER) ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Benefit-Function of Two- Identical Cold Standby Nuclear Reactors System subject to failure due to radioactivity or Overheating, steam explosion, fire, and meltdown Ashok Kumar Saini BLJS COLLEGE, TOSHAM (BHIWANI) HARYANA INDIA Email ID [email protected] The accident killed 30 people directly and damaged Abstract- A nuclear and radiation accident is defined by approximately $7 billion of property. A study published in the International Atomic Energy Agency as "an event that 2005 estimates that there will eventually be up to 4,000 has led to significant consequences to people, the additional cancer deaths related to the accident among environment or the facility." Examples include lethal those exposed to significant radiation levels. Radioactive effects to individuals, large radioactivity release to fallout from the accident was concentrated in areas of the environment, or reactor core melt." The prime Belarus, Ukraine and Russia. Approximately 350,000 example of a "major nuclear accident" is one in which people were forcibly resettled away from these areas soon a reactor core is damaged and significant amounts after the accident. of radioactivity are released, such as in the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. Benjamin K. Sovacool has reported that worldwide there have been 99 accidents at nuclear power plants from 1952 The impact of nuclear accidents has been a topic of debate to 2009 (defined as incidents that either resulted in the loss practically since the first nuclear reactors were constructed of human life or more than US$50,000 of property damage, in 1954. It has also been a key factor in public concern the amount the US federal government uses to define about nuclear facilities. -
What's So Bad About Norilsk Nickel Factory?
Norilsk Nickel Factory Transforming the City of Horror Location: Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia Population affected: 177,506 Macaulay Honors College Students: Alasdair McLean, Ellianna Schwab, Kevin Call, Revital Schechter Instructor: Dr. Angelo Lampousis, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City College of New York, CUNY Introduction Challenges to Fixing the Situation A former Soviet Gulag camp, Norilsk is now a long forgotten, poverty-stricken town in the Arctic Circle. The one hundred seventy-seven thousand residents live in a nearly uninhabitable climate, but it is something else that truly endangers them. N • Norilsk Nickel is a prime employer in the city, so a majority of residents rely on the The city, located in the Krasnoyarsk Krai region of Russia, is home to one of the world’s largest suppliers of heavy metals, 6 Norilsk Nickel. This massive company does little to temper its environmental impact, blighting the surrounding wildlife factory as a source of income, even though they are not paid fair wages. despite numerous calls of action from federal agencies and local support. Currently the company is estimated to produce • The city itself is remote and hard to reach, located 200 km north of the Arctic Circle, 6 1% (2x106 tons) of global sulfur dioxide emissions, a gas that is known to cause acid rain and respiratory problems to those causing it to be naturally isolated. exposed. The health of Norilsk’s residents is directly impacted, indicated by a life expectancy of only 46 years. Although • In 2001, Norilsk was declared a closed city once again. The government does not allow tourists to come in, and the only visitors must be invited by the government or have citizens of Norilsk recognize the hazards of where they live, the greater majority of the population is incapable of leaving 11 due to extreme poverty. -
Romanov News Новости Романовых
Romanov News Новости Романовых By Ludmila & Paul Kulikovsky №138 September 2019 New Bust to Emperor Alexander III at St. Nicholas Church in Polyarny City A monument to Emperor Alexander III was solemnly opened and consecrated in Polyarny city On the occasion of the 120th anniversary of Polyarny, a solemn opening ceremony of the bust of Emperor Alexander III took place on the territory of St. Nicholas Church. Polyarny is a city in the Murmansk region, located on the shores of the Catherine’s harbour of the Kola Bay of the Barents Sea, about 30 km from Murmansk. The city is home to the Northern Fleet and as such is a closed city. The port was laid down in the summer of 1899 and named Alexandrovsk in honour of Emperor Alexander III. In 1931 it was renamed Polyarny., Parishioners of the church of St. Nicholas the Miracle Worker and Rector Archpriest Sergei Mishchenko, initiated and sponsored the bronze bust of the great Russian Emperor Alexander III. The monument was made with donations from parishioners and in February 2019 was delivered from the workshop of Simferopol to Polyarny. The opening and consecration ceremony was conducted by Bishop Tarasiy of the North Sea and Umba. The St. Nicholas Church, with the bust of Emperor Alexander III standing under the bell tower. Stories from Crimea In 2019, there were two extraordinaire reasons to visit Crimea and Yalta in particular - the 100 years anniversary of several members of the Imperial Romanov family, including Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna, leaving Russia from Yalta - and 125 years since the repose of Emperor Alexander III in Livadia. -
The Reality and Myths of Nuclear Regionalism in Russia
The Reality and Myths of Nuclear Regionalism in Russia Nikolai Sokov May 2000 PONARS Policy Memo 133 Monterey Institute of International Studies In 1998, retired General Aleksandr Lebed, governor of Krasnoyarsk krai, declared that he would assume control of a Strategic Rocket Forces division deployed on the territory of his region unless the federal government improved the financing of that division. Although his words were not followed by action, this statement raised the specter of what might be called nuclear regionalism--the possibility that Russia's regional leaders might establish de facto control over various nuclear assets on their territories, including nuclear power stations, caches of fissile materials, research and industrial facilities, export control (customs), and ultimately nuclear weapons. The possibility that Russia might break apart--following the path of the Soviet Union and leaving several smaller nuclear states in its wake--is extraordinarily small, and for all practical purposes nonexistent. This kind of nuclear separatism is a myth, although a rather popular one. Nuclear regionalism, however, is a reality. Regional authorities are gradually acquiring greater influence over the Russian nuclear infrastructure, both civilian and to a lesser extent military, as well as over the armed forces. The process is not one-dimensional, though, and does not boil down to straightforward devolution of authority from the center to periphery. Instead, it takes the form of an alliance between governors and powerful, highly institutionalized federal-level interest groups, first and foremost Russia's nuclear industry and the military. Thus, nuclear regionalism is not a sign of disintegration. Rather, it might be the first stage of a new type of integration--a merger of federal and local elites that can strongly affect the country's national security policy.