Spring 2006

The Official Magazine of California Wing Civil Air Patrol

Dark Passages California’s Most Perilous Air Routes

10 Tips for Surviving Plus: • Rough Air Over Riverside Summer Encampment • Altoids-Can Engineering Puts CAWG Cadets Speak Out of School DFing in a Shirt Pocket Into the Mystic Slipstream • Cessna 182Ts Land in NorCal The Late Col. Don Towse Let His Soul and Spirit Fly— • Handling Electrified And Left Us a Lovely Memoir Emergencies

EAGLE EYE 2 Dark Passages Flying California’s Most Perilous Air Routes

COLUMNS Commander’s Comments 11 Eagle Call is an authorized publication serving the Bird’s Eye View 15 interests of the California Wing of the United States Air Force Auxiliary Civil Air Patrol. It is published by a private firm in no way connected with the FIELD MANUAL 17 Department of the Air Force or with the Civil Air Breathtaking Ingenuity Patrol Corporation. The appearance of advertisements You’ll Never Look at Your Altoids in this publication, including supplements and inserts, Tin the Same Way Again does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Air Force or CAP of the products and services advertised ES101 23 herein. Scorch this Hot Quiz for a Cool Summer Eagle Call encourages contributions from all CAP members, military personnel, and related agencies. THE CADET COSMOS 27 Material must be original, free of copyright constraint, unpublished, and submitted only to Eagle 10 Tips for Surviving Encampment Call, which reserves the right to approve, reject, edit, abridge or expand any submission. Features should be discussed in advance with the Editor, Capt. Greg SAFETY MATTERS 31 Solman at 213-382-2187. Separating the Hybrid Hype Facts Submission guidelines: As a thrice-yearly from Fiction publication, the magazine is not suitable for dated material on routine Squadron or Wing activities. DEBRIEFING 35 PAOs and other correspondents should generally Turbulence in the Empire avoid subjects and styles typical of newsletters. Use Group 3 ES Airs it Out the Associated Press Stylebook or read the latest magazine for style points. Never imbed photos within documents. Always include contact information at the RE:CAP 37 top of copy. Email articles, along with .jpg-extension A California Wing Flyby photos of a minimum 500K to (ideally) 1Mbyte resolution, to: [email protected]. Other material should be sent to California Wing Civil Air CAPTAIN’S LOG 49 Patrol, Eagle Call, P.O. Box 7688, Van Nuys, CA CAWG Emergency Services by 91409. For information on advertising rates and space the Numbers availability, please call 1-800-635-6036. Lt. Col. Virginia Nelson, Wing Commander IN MEMORIAM 53 Air Devil! Capt. Frank Geraty, The Last Tale of Col. Don Towse Director of Public Affairs, Publisher GEARED UP 55 Capt. Gregory Solman, Editor Hearts of Glass Think you were envious of Capt. Chris Storey, squadrons with an aircraft? Deputy Director of Public Affairs, Wait ‘til you see the new 182s! Associate Editor

Capt. Sam Seneviratne, ON THE COVER: Photo courtesy of Dale Masters, Technical & Scientific Editor Great Western Soaring School.

1 EAGLE EYE Dark Passages

By Capt. Greg Solman, Eagle Call Editor

Photo courtesy Great Western Soaring School The Tehachapi Triangle. The Kearsarge Pass Trap. California’s Most Perilous Air Routes Claim Lives Enough for Legend. Search-and-Rescue Pilots Talk Fatal-Crash Sites—and How to Avoid Them. LOS ANGELES—Heading home ing overhead just then, a cerulean from Palm Springs Composite to Palm Springs through the blast hit Hofheinz coming out of Squadron 11, were on a weather- Banning Pass before sunset in late the pass at Cabazon. “The skies delayed alert with the rest of March, Maj. Roy Hofheinz opened up. There were high southern California Wing for a looked up from his car and—as clouds. It was desert-dry. You factory-fresh Cessna 208B that pilots will— imagined being up could see it hadn’t rained all day.” had dropped off radar and had there, in the air, and felt damned All the ominous weather, it apparently crashed. Last-known glad he wasn’t. “Storming, seemed, had headed off air traffic position: Banning Pass. windy, visibility was low—miser- at the Pass as if to take down According to the preliminary able,” he recalls. “It was as if I’d planes. investigation of the National hit a wall of weather.” Later that evening, Hofheinz Transportation Safety Board Minutes later, in what would and Capt. Frank Tullo, seasoned (NTSB), the Caravan departed be a fateful hour for two men fly- Civil Air Patrol mission pilots Jacqueline Cochran Regional in Thermal and headed for Ontario. The passengers—two top-rated pilots, including a man dear to many in the Wing, Rick Voorhis, founder of Van Nuys Flight Center—filed an instrument flight rules (IFR) plan, but never activated it. They’d picked up an AIRMET (airman’s meteoro- logical information notice) at Riverside for moderate rime ice. The pilot, Steve O’Neill, told Palm Springs Terminal Radar

Buildup along one of California’s famous ranges Approach Control that they’d fly to the Banning Pass under visual flight rules then pick up their IFR there. Southern California Termi- nal Radar Approach Control took the handoff, picked up the Caravan’s blip at 8,500 feet, 10 miles north of Banning, then quickly told them they were head- ing for trouble. “Do you have the terrain in sight?” asked the con- troller. “Eight Whisky Echo, we’re maneuvering away from the terrain right now,” came the reply. Those were the last words heard. Radar tracked the plane San Gorgonio at the Banning Pass making a climbing right-hand turn into rising terrain. Witnesses rules] VFR until you get the winds, and bad weather,” echoes on the scene, turning tragedy to handoff…Banning is notorious Tullo, who survived having his poetry, said that minutes after the for sucking in airplanes. There F-105 shot down over Hanoi and plane plummeted before their must be 20 or 30 crashes on the has no plans of buying it over eyes, the rain became snow. sides of those mountains.” Banning. “Palm Springs could be “This illustrates the problem “There’s high terrain on both absolutely perfect, but all the flying in California in the winter sides and heavy winds, ferocious Continued . . . time,” says Hofheinz, an articu- late Rhodes Scholar and retired Harvard professor. “Icing, rugged terrain, traps you can get stuck in, box canyons. And communica- tions in that area has never been perfect. You have a gap around the Whitewater Canyon, so they like to send you [visual flight

Cloud cover obscures the Cajon Pass In this crash near Palm Springs the aircraft just missed the ridgeline.

The forebidding Kearsarge Pass 4 An accident in a Pauma Valley orange grove EAGLE EYE weather up north tells pilots to just stay put. Here they’ll start out with visibility for ten miles and end up in trouble.” “The higher mountains are in the central and northern parts of the state,” reckons Maj. Jim Porter, California Wing Vice Commander and experienced mission pilot. “Pilots up north get socked in. They know they can’t get 12,000 feet to cross the moun- tains at 10,000. Down south you can slide over 6,000 foot moun- tains at 8,000.” Dark Passages dangerous areas in nation,” says And that’s the deadly tempta- Capt. Bob Keilholtz, California tion, pilots say. Lt. Col. Ron Continued . . . Wing Director of Emergency Butts, a “Vietnam Black World” weather moving west to east Services, who’s run countless jet-jock who now flies low and backs up in the pass, kind of like a missing-aircraft missions as an slow as the Deputy Director of funnel between San Gorgonio and Incident Commander. “Statisti- Operations for California Wing, San Jacinto mountains, and you cally, there are a significant says Banning and Gorman Pass see this curtain.” amount of accidents from planes “tend to attract airplanes like a Two weeks later, Hofheinz icing up going over the Sierras.” magnet.” He, too, subscribes to and Tullo retraced the path of the the risk-taking mindset theory. fatal flight. “There was no terrain “‘I think I can make it.’ in front of them. Did they enter a That’s the opening line of the stall spin?” Hofheinz speculates. disaster,” says Butts with weary “They might have had cata- solemnity, just a few days after strophic engine failure. Or had the crash that killed Voorhis and they gotten so disoriented by the O’Neill. “I don’t understand weather, they yanked the yoke pilots. They fly in low visibility around in a sharp turn and But when they depart San and pick their way through the induced an accelerated spin? We Diego, home of some the world’s clouds—VFR pilots flying in IFR may never know.” best weather, everything seems conditions: That’s the report on Morbid curiosity had nothing fine, Keilholtz figures, attributing 90 percent of accidents.” to do with their flight reenact- the accidents as much to psychol- And on two recent ones, says ment. Serious mission pilots both, ogy as topography. “Around San Maj. Chuck Frank, Wing Director Hofheinz and Tullo had flown Diego, even suspecting bad of Counterdrug Operations and a many a search-and-rescue in that weather, people will fly,” SAR mission pilot who flies out area, and flying with Maj. Bruce Keilholtz says. “All the extreme Continued . . . Marble last October, earned a Distress Find for spotting a Lancair crashed six miles north of Warner Springs east-southeast of Mount Palomar, a spoke off the Julian VOR, a notorious radial. “A San Diego-area news- paper reported a few years ago that Julian VOR, the main route from San Diego County to any- where east, is one of the most

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6 EAGLE EYE Dark Passages OK, We Know Where They Crash. Continued . . . Now Where Do We Put Our Planes? of San Jose Senior Squadron 80. However predictable, the prevalence of crashes in sparsely popu- “The pilots in each case were lated and remote areas of the state poses a challenge to search-and- trying to get somewhere by skud- rescue efforts there, says Maj. Jim Porter, California Wing’s Deputy running,” trying to find openings Commander, especially with respect to the deployment of CAP in dense cloud cover to avoid IFR resources. “I think we’re in pretty good shape by situating the aircraft conditions, Frank figures. “They both around the pilot base and somewhat geographically,” he says, “to made poor judgment calls.” make sure we have aircrafts and crews in reasonable striking distance to By FAA definition, Frank different parts of the state.” says, it is all “mountainous ter- Porter acknowledges that even though pilot concentration drives rain” in the high Sierras. And haz- deployment, the Wing benefits from lucky coincidence. “The greater ards can include the sort of stulti- concentration of both mission pilots and mission activity is in southern fying, disorienting darkness California,” he says. “For obvious reasons (more pilots means more Florida pilots report flying over accidents) they mirror each other.” the Everglades. Frank recalls a Still aircraft deployment can only be cheated so much to align with crash on a mountain near historical precedence of fatal crashes, Porter says. “You need a unit at an Stonyford when a plane was fly- airport that is capable of having an airplane, and pilots to fly it. That ing from Chico to Ukiah “during leaves holes.” moonless night flight operations,” These days, one hole bottoms out at Bishop. “There is no Civil Air as the NTSB report put it. A Piper Patrol in Bishop anymore, so the center part of the Owens Valley is Aerostar 601P pilot was descend- without coverage,” Porter says. CAP is also “pretty thin” far north, ing from 6,700 feet and requested along the Oregon border to Lassen, but so is air traffic. The vast but by flight following and a vector to no means un-traveled territory north of Central Valley Group 6, south of the airport. Air Route Traffic NorCal Group 5, and west of Central Coast Group 4, remains worri- Control Center recommended a some. And Palm Springs Composite Squadron 11, as the single unit heading. “He thought he had a handling the eastern part of San Bernardino, Riverside and Imperial GPS direct situation,” Frank sur- counties, “leaves that whole part of the state uncovered,” Porter admits. mises. “He programmed the “There are incidents in those areas. We don’t have the personnel to direction and sat back, fat dumb support units there.” and happy.” No low-altitude alert “All we can do,” Porter concludes, “is launch from a distance.” was issued, even though the maximum elevation in the area is 7,400 feet. The pilot was flying in VFR conditions, yet completely blind. He crashed at 6,700 feet, missing the clearing of the crest by 50. Butts, Keilholtz, and Lt. Col. Steve Asche, California Wing Director of Operations, separately recite a chilling litany of Califor- nia crash sites. Banning Pass on route to Phoenix. The splatter sur- rounding Big Bear. Far south, Keilholtz sketches a Pauma Val- ley Triangle: Escondido to the south and Pauma Valley to the east, with the vertex stretching up 6,126 feet to the peak of Mount A CAPflight sights its ground team Continued . . .

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8 The Tejon Pass via satellite EAGLE EYE pioneer legend. “Above Indepen- dence, it is the lowest pass and the most direct route over the Sier- ras,” explains Keilholtz. “But it’s a false pass.” Or, rather, it pre- sents the illusion of a clear open- ing that’s a literal dead end near a suspiciously small pass that is in fact the way through. The right pass looks wrong; the wrong pass looks right. The confusion is often tragic. Think you’re out of the woods Dark Passages up and down drafts. Even in clear when flying around cities? Tough Continued . . . weather you can hit a downdraft terrain meets tight traffic in areas and can’t pull out. The plane just surrounding San Francisco and Palomar. Moving north, the Tejon drops.” Pilots increase power and Los Angeles international air- Pass and Gorman Pass, from the pitch to no avail. They run out of ports, for example. And the prob- L.A. basin to the chronically airspeed, then altitude, end up lem of Class Bravo negotiation foggy Grapevine and on to the stalling, and spiral to earth. relates as much to the air traffic central Valley. The Cajon Pass, “Some of these pilots have a false itself as pilots’ attempts to avoid often mistaken by pilots for a sense that a downdraft is tempo- it. “Class B airspace tends to con- route farther west into Palmdale rary,” Asche theorizes. “They centrate general aviation traffic at and Agua Dulce, slaps pilots with don’t want to climb to 7,000 or the [altitude] limits and edges,” unexpected winds. Fresno to the 8,000 feet, so they have no alti- explains Capt. John Joyce, a pilot Owens Valley over Kings Can- tude to work with. It can happen with Clover Field Composite yon. Asche warns of a Tehachapi in seconds.” He would know—it Squadron 51, Santa Monica, who Triangle from Frazier Park and happened to him: The draft flew for United Airlines for more the Gorman Pass in the south- smacked the aircraft from 7,500 to than 35 years. “That’s a mid-air west, Lake Isabella to the north, 2,000 feet in a matter of seconds. collision hazard.” The caution and southwest to Mojave, with The Kearsarge Pass—just particularly applies to pilots prac- lonely Highway 58 cutting north of the juncture of the Inyo, ticing radial intercepts and hold through. Tulare and Fresno county lines, out of Seal Beach and Paradise, “Back in the ’60s and ’70s I northeast of the Great Western he warns. performed three to four searches a Divide—is the stuff of pilot- Continued on page 13 . . . year out of Bakersfield alone,” says Asche, a 30-year veteran pilot. “I have documented around 80 crashes in this area alone, and I’m only counting those that are documented.” (And if a Stealth F-117A Nighthawk was to have crashed there on maneuvers—and he’s not saying one did, mind you—there’s a limited public paper trail, and typically no CAP search.) Deadly wind shears and storms have been the culprit, Asche figures, some 80 percent of the time. “The triangle is known for extreme turbulence and strong

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10 Suddenly, To the This Members Commander’s of Summer California Comments Wing As the Weather Turns, Don’t Just By Colonel Virginia Nelson Burn: Learn I am writing this column on security duties than typical possibly the coldest weekend of search-and-rescue. For ex- the winter. There is a storm raging ample, we expect to send off outside, the temperature is near many planes to photograph tar- freezing, and I am more than gets of interest. ready for warm weather. You For twelve days in June (17- should be receiving this Eagle 28), California Wing will host a Call in late spring, so let’s think National Sailplane Flight Acad- about summer. There’s a lot to emy at Los Alamitos. Twenty look forward to. cadets are scheduled to attend for The first summer activity will both ground school and flight be an important one. The Air training. Cadets will have the Force is scheduled to monitor our opportunity to experience both Search-and-Rescue Exercise on aero- and winch tows. Col. Ed June 2-4. During odd-numbered Lewis will be the director. Many years the Air Force evaluates our tow pilots, CFIGs and cadet pro- Col. Virginia Nelson performance during the SAREX. gram officers will work together Commander, California Wing They watch and grade what we to make this a meaningful training do. During even-numbered years activity for the cadets. Engineer Technologies Academy; the SAREX is designed as a train- The Wing is also hosting the Aircraft Manufacturing & ing vehicle for our members. The foreign cadets from Hong Kong, Maintenance Academy at the Air Force monitors how we do Canada and the United Kingdom Cessna factory; Honor Guard and offers helpful suggestions. as part of the International Air Academy; IACE; and both power This year the main base will be Cadet Exchange this summer. and sailplane flight academies. Cable Airport in Upland. There Captain Alan McGavin, the We also have members attending will be subordinate bases in the project officer, is busy planning the Pacific Region GSAR School central and north. The goal is to educational and fun activities. at Fort Lewis, Wash. train, upgrade and renew Emer- Local cadets will be invited to All Wing cadets are invited to gency Services specialty ratings. meet and mix with our visitors. attend the CAWG summer To that end, we will assign quali- Forty-six of our Wing’s cadets Encampment, August 5-12 at fied ES personnel in all positions and about a dozen senior mem- Camp San Luis Obispo. The available to mentor members bers applied for National Special encampment commander will be seeking new ratings. This is a Activities over the summer. Sev- Lt. Col. Christine Lee and the great opportunity for us to train eral cadets will attend Cadet CTG commander is Cadet Lt. together - pilots, communicators, Officer School at Maxwell AFB. Col. Jeff Beuntgen. This rigorous safety officers, planning section Blue Beret, held in conjunction but rewarding activity includes chiefs, IC trainees, etc. The simu- with AOPA Oshkosh, will boast flying in a helicopter, shooting an lated-emergency scenario - of CAWG cadets and seniors this M16 rifle, competing on an though it is subject to change - year. CAWG members are also obstacle course as well as in drill should be oriented more toward slated to attend: Air Force Space and volleyball tournaments. disaster relief and homeland Command at Peterson AFB; the Continued . . .

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12 COMMANDER’S COMMENTS / EAGLE EYE Suddenly, This Summer Dark Passages Continued . . . Continued from page 9 . . . Cadets will be instructed on mander, Maj. Gen. Pineda, has Joyce vividly recalls the 1986 everything from aerospace to lowered the cost this year to $95, mid-air collision between an shoe-shining and barracks main- including the Saturday banquet. Aeromexico DC-9 on arrival tenance. An advanced training Members may also attend and approach at LAX and a Piper squadron accommodates cadets observe the business portion only, PA-28 that had departed Torrance attending encampment for a held on Thursday, when CAP will on a VFR flight to Big Bear. The second time. Senior members are elect a new national vice com- NTSB reports that the DC-9 pilot encouraged to apply to help at mander. On Friday, seminars fol- had been instructed to descend HQ, drive vans, and serve as low a general assembly. Last year from 7,000 to 6,000 feet. tactical officers. The event ends over 60 different seminars were The grim-reaping, fictional with a public graduation parade offered. Saturday begins with an Final Destiny demon took over scheduled for 1000 hours on awards assembly, moves to semi- from here, at least as the investi- Saturday, August 12. nars, and concludes with the gators and Joyce explain it. The Senior members also have evening banquet. Piper pilot wasn’t communicating training opportunities ahead, If you have not been to a with the tower. LAX didn’t have north and south. A Check Pilot national conference I urge you to an automatic conflict-alert sys- School and FIRC is scheduled for attend, as this is your chance to tem. The Piper’s analog-beacon June 10-11 in Sacramento. A meet CAP’s leaders and ask ques- response from the transponder Squadron Leadership School tions. Every year I come away wasn’t configured for display. (SLS) is slated for July 22-23 at better informed, encouraged “An atmospheric inversion,” Cal State Dominguez Hills. This about CAP’s vital role, and according to the NTSB report, summer, we are hoping to offer a refreshed from socializing with prevented the “primary target” Training Leaders of Cadets other CAP members. CAP has from being displayed to the air- (TLC) class at the SLS. This is a some of the very best people. I traffic controllers. “He inter- new class developed by CAP’s admire what is accomplished cepted the tiniest corner of what National Headquarters to train when we all work together. was then called a TCA [Terminal senior members who want to As if that weren’t enough, Control Area],” Joyce recalls. learn about working with cadets. there’s more. Group 6 is organiz- “The pilot was from Oregon. He The premier training activity ing a trip to Catalina. First Aid may not have had the correct chart. for senior members is the classes will be offered. Squadrons He may have misinterpreted National Staff College, held this will hold bivouacs, and Groups what freeway he was over.” year at Maxwell AFB. The school will hold SAREXs. There will be In the end, at the moment of is limited to majors and above and air shows throughout California. his demise, the pilot may have deals with upper-level manage- Expect a Basic Cadet School, sev- been looking down. ment theory. Students get a eral Level 1 classes, and commu- Our sincerest gratitude to chance to interact with our CAP nications courses. And all this Dale Masters and Great Western senior leadership, NHQ staff, and opportunity happens against the Soaring School in Llano, Sam some Air University faculty. The backdrop of CAP’s ongoing Seneviratne and Sequoia Devel- director this year is Lt. Col. Peggy emergency services, from our opment, and 1st Lt. Shane Myrick. This school provides a extraordinary work at Imperial to Terpstra for the photography great opportunity to learn how routine ELT missions. used in this article. CAP works at the national level, I don’t think anyone can com- improve one’s leadership skills plain about having nothing to do and meet CAP members from this summer. The problem is www.cawg.cap.gov, for the latest every region. Besides that, it’s fun. rather having so much to choose information. It is frequently All CAP members are invited from. All members should have a updated and squadrons are to attend the summer National chance to participate in areas that encouraged to add events. Hope Board meeting in Reno, Nev., interest them. Check the Califor- to see you at an activity. Or two. August 10-12. Our national Com- nia Wing calendar on our website, Or three.

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14 BIRD’S EYE VIEW Support Our (No Wisecracks!) FOP

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M ost of us know and course, is that FOPs are understand how and why another avenue of Air Force- CAP manages its cadet flight- funded flying and continued orientation program (popu- proficiency for CAP pilots. larly known as O-rides). Did you also know that CAP is integrally involved in another . . . the program flight-orientation program that introduces some of the benefits both the future leaders of the U.S. Air Air Force and Force to aviation? The primary objective of CAP. It provides hours there are geographical the AFROTC Flight Orienta- restrictions to who can sup- tion Program (FOP) is to help a low-cost port this program. Qualified provide a complete and well- solution to pilots may contact Lt. Col. rounded education in all Jim Crum, CAWG chief of aspects of the Air Force to introducing staff and AFROTC coordi- AFROTC cadets. The pro- nator, to see where they may gram exposes AFROTC AFROTC cadets support this program. cadets to flight operations— to flying. If your unit operates near and to pilots of CAP serving a college with AFROTC that in their role as USAF Auxil- is not taking advantage of the iary officers. This interaction Like cadet O-rides, certain FOP, or for further informa- should benefit the USAF by conditions or states of readi- tion, please contact me at providing motivational ness pre-empt AFROTC O- (916) 564-1605 or prusakmi training and experience to flights. Actual search-and- @earthlink.net. With CAP’s America’s youth and future rescue or Homeland Security help, I’m confident that this leaders. readiness missions take pre- program will help inspire The program benefits both cedence over the FOP. Unlike tomorrow’s Air Force the Air Force and CAP. It the CAP Cadet O-ride pro- leaders. provides a low-cost solution gram, only those pilots with to introducing AFROTC 300 hours PIC and possessing cadets to flying, some of a commercial license with a which may not consider a current Class II medical career in aviation otherwise. qualify. Because AFROTC An additional bonus, of limits ferry time to 1 1/2

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16 FIELD MANUAL Breathtaking Ingenuity By Capt. Allen R. Lord, Travis Composite Squadron 22 Allen Lord’s Direction Finder-in-an-Altoids-Tin Gives Ground Teams an Affordable and (OK, We’ll Bite) “Curiously Strong” Shirt-Pocket Solution

TRAVIS AFB—Conventional direction-finding (DF) receivers suffer from several shortcomings, not the least of which is their cost. Many senior members and cadets who would love to embark on missions have to beg, borrow or steal—well, hopefully not steal—standard issue L-Tronics L-Pers, often in short supply due to squadrons’ tendencies to destroy them through rough handling, blow up the antenna switch-box with VHF radios, or corrode the units by letting batteries rot inside. The L-per nonetheless remains Civil Air Patrol’s preeminent tool for emergency-locator transmitter (ELT) radio direction finding (DF). Recently, L- Tronics came out with its new DF unit and it appears to be a fantastic piece of gear, with all the features we IN THE CAN: Completing the low-tech illusion, Capt. Lord’s need now and the ability to add new features—such witty battery deployment suggests a last-minute trip to the as 406 MHz data decoders—later. It looks to become corner store. as much a CAP standard for hunting ELTs as the old L-per, which has worked perfectly for our purposes testify to having heard voice traffic coming through for decades. their L-per. And this can happen intermittently, But at $750, they’re also priced out of reach for which can be even more frustrating. most CAP members, even many squadrons. So I set My initial experiments were dismal failures. out to design a simple, low-cost a direction-finding First I tried to build a souped-up crystal radio and it radio receiver that could be carried in a pocket yet was easily “swamped,” and couldn’t provide a suit- achieves sufficient dynamic range (the ability to dif- able signal-strength display. I realized that I needed ferentiate between loud and soft signals) and selec- to use a Narrow Band FM (NBFM) receiver to tivity to eliminate off-frequency transmissions. It accomplish all of my design goals. I contacted one of would also need to deliver clear audio and sport an my suppliers in Britain, a manufacturer of radio easily readable signal-strength meter. It should be products for telemetry. I asked them if they could able to closely localize a signal and so determine build a radio-frequency (RF) “front-end” module for which particular aircraft out of hundreds on an air- my design. As it happens, another U.S. Government field has the activated ELT. agency (which shall remain nameless) had already This is not a trivial task: The signal from an ELT, asked for modules capable of receiving the 121.5 though relatively puny in the world of radio transmit- MHz distress signal. Eureka! They sent me a few ters, can overwhelm (“swamp”) the L-per’s highly samples, and I began to experiment. sensitive receiver. Moreover, the L-per can be At first, I considered building a receiver system “desensitized” by aircraft or tower transmitters using much like the L-per using a “Switched Antenna, nearby frequencies. (Seniors members might liken Time-Difference-of-Arrival” method (c.f. Joe this to becoming selectively deaf in noisy environ- Continued . . . ments, such as restaurants.) Most ground teams can

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18 FIELD MANUAL

of vehicles? Signal-strength units call for a combination of field techniques. In “Body Shielding” the ground team member places his body between the source of the transmission and the receiver. This is a practice utilized frequently with the L-per receiver. Since the body effectively absorbs radio waves, when it is between the transmitter (ELT) and the receiver (your DF unit) it partially blocks the signal, allowing the ground-team member to narrow in on the direction. At close range, the switched antenna array is then disconnected and a rubber duck antenna (sometimes no antenna at all) is attached. The second method to reinforce the body- shielding technique is “near field proximity,” wherein the signal gets stronger as you get nearer the transmitter and suddenly even stronger as you enter the “near field” within one wavelength (with 121.5 signals, that’s about eight feet). My design has three principal building blocks: An RF receiver section, a signal strength section, and an audio demodulator section. The RF section is a narrow-band FM receiver module. Some hams may have noted that ELT’s are amplitude modulated BARGAIN HUNTER: Capt. Lord field tests his low-cost (AM), but fear not. FM receivers will hear them just fine. design. FM receivers work a little differently than AM receivers. AM receivers can hear weak signals with Breathtaking Ingenuity lots of noise in the background. That’s good in a direction finder for detecting an ELT on the fringe. Continued . . . FM receivers, in contrast, exhibit a phenomenon Leggio’s http://home.att.net/~jleggio/projects/rdf/ called capture: They either pick up the transmis- tdoa2.htm). But as I was trying to keep the size and sion perfectly or not at all. But since my design is expense to a bare minimum, I decided to stick with a really intended for close-range detection, this is basic signal-strength-based design, which usually not a problem. functions in one of two ways. Most commonly, a The display in my design acts more like an AM highly directional Yagi-type antenna is connected to receiver. You can detect a signal using the bar graph a receiver and when pointed toward the source the LED display without actually hearing it. This is espe- signal strength increases, indicating the direction of cially useful capability since a high percentage of the signal’s origination. ELT failures result in a carrier-only signal, without Unfortunately, directional antennae intended for the characteristic swept tone. In the absence of a sig- Civil Air Patrol ELT missions (121.5 Mhz fre- nal, you will hear a hissing sound, atmospheric and quency) require elements that are about four feet electronic noise. As a carrier-only signal becomes long (see Saman Seneviratne’s “In Search of the Per- stronger, the receiver will become “quieter,” a phe- fect Sticks,” Eagle Call, Winter, 2005). It is a little nomenon called (you guessed it) “quieting”. And, ungainly. Even first-generation L-per’s induce our given the urban direction finding task, it’s not mothers’ worst fear (“You’ll put your eye out!”). uncommon to be on airfield, surrounded by moving What ground team member hasn’t poked his team- propellers. mates with his “sticks” while trying to get in and out Continued . . .

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20 FIELD MANUAL Breathtaking Ingenuity Continued . . . The signal-strength display section has a total of ten LEDs in a bar graph array. The receiver has an 80dB dynamic range on its RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator). In theory that means an 8dB difference in signal between segments, assuming good linearity. (I’m sorry to have subjected you to that, but I knew someone would ask.) In practice, the first or second LED will usu- ally light up just from noise. The last LED will not light until you are almost touching the antenna— unless of course someone is key- ing up their radio on 121.5. The demodulator section drives a speaker or headphone, allowing you to hear the audio information transmitted, which is very helpful. Hearing the swept tone of an ELT or EPIRB allows you to confirm an actual distress- WAIT STATE: The circuit board replete with LED indicator. device activation. Hearing a carrier only implies an nine-volt battery. The PC board has a built in volume ELT failure, often the dying breaths of an ELT as control, and a pin-out section with connections for the battery dies. Hearing a conversation means that ground, audio, power, and RSSI. someone is sitting on his aircraft band push-to-talk I’m selling the device as a kit to keep the unit switch. “Digital” sounds indicate a microprocessor affordable. A fully assembled DF device would or other electronic device inadvertently emitting on require an FCC approval costing thousands of dollars the distress frequency. (CD players, DVD players, and thwarting my objective to put a cheap, effective and a number of computer peripherals have done receiver into the hands of search-and-rescuers. Sell- this—and by now we’ve all heard about CAP’s non- ing the device as a kit eliminates that problem, since distress Find of a big-screen television.) experimenters can build any kind of receiver they I designed the circuit footprint with the idea of wish, so long as it does not cause interference. And disguising it in an unpretentious Altoids tin, although as the RF modules were designed for sale in the U.S. you can certainly put it in a nice metal project box and Great Britain, they already pass FCC muster. So marked “TOP SECRET” if you wish. (In any case, sit back, enjoy a mint, and expect to see an “Altoids always use a metal box for radio receivers to keep ELT Receiver” on E-bay soon. them from picking up and generating noise.) Because As a ground team leader, Capt. Allen R. Lord it uses a standard FM receiver, it can work with participated in such missions as the Space Shuttle off-the-shelf radio direction finding kits such Columbia mission and recently returned from New as the Ramsey Fox or Doppler kits (see Orleans where he worked for FEMA in disaster ramseyelectronics.com). recovery. Capt. Lord holds an FCC commercial I expect to sell my design as a finished and tested license with a RADAR endorsement and, as an elec- printed circuit board. Buyers would provide the case, tronic security consultant, has extensive experience an on-off switch, an antenna connector (BNC, RCA, in the design and use of radio tracking systems. He’s etcetera), a small speaker or headphone jack, double- a licensed Private Investigator. sided tape for mounting the PC board, and a

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22 ES101 Scorch this Hot Quiz for a Cool Summer By Capt. Chris R. Storey, Associate Editor, Eagle Call FULLERTON—“Warm weather means outdoor points if you answered “C” above. Celebrate with a activities and fun in the sun!”—and sometimes heat Calistoga, not a stogie. Smoking dehydrates. stroke. So don’t get burned by ad hype. It’s danger- 4. Fill in the blanks: Heat_____are painful ous out there. Whether you’re spending a week at muscle spasms caused by heavy exertion and above encampment, working an air show or on an ELT normal loss of fluids in a hot environment. Although search mission, ailments related to California’s heat heat_____are the least severe of the heat-related could ruin the day, or the summer. illnesses, they are an early sign that your body is Scorchers can affect anyone, from the couch having trouble with the heat. If you guessed potato to the seasoned athlete. They’re more likely to “cramps” give yourself 10 points. You’re right—but affect young children, the elderly, and people with that was too easy. chronic health problems. Ask your health care practi- tioner if you have questions about how your medica- 5. True or false: The best indicator of heat tion may affect your ability to tolerate the heat. In the exhaustion is the most obvious, your body tempera- meantime, here’s your pre-summer quiz: ture. When people exercise or work strenuously in a hot, humid environment and lose body fluids, the 1. You know when it’s hot. When is it officially a blood flow to vital organs decreases, inducing a form heat wave? When more than 48 hours of high heat of shock. Sometimes your body is prevented from (90 degrees or higher) combines with high relative cooling itself sufficiently because the humid air stops humidity (80 percent or higher). The National your sweat from evaporating in the humid air or Weather Service steps up hot-weather warnings to because you are wearing too much clothing. Signs alert the public to take hot-weather precautions. include clammy, pale, flushed, or red skin; heavy Score: 90 for the right answer, 80 for being partially sweating; nausea or vomiting; dizziness, exhaustion correct (notice how we subliminally reinforced those and headache. Counter intuitively, your body tem- numbers). Subtract 20 points for blurting the perenni- perature can be near normal as it has been struggling ally overplayed Martha & the Vandellas tune on cue. to keep cool. So, false—and give yourself 10 points 2. Is there a summer version of the winter wind- for remembering your Red Cross training. chill factor? Yes. It’s called a Heat Index, and paying 6. True or false: A victim of sunstroke could attention to it can prevent heat-related illness. The exhibit hot, red, and dry skin while suffering up to a Heat Index, in degrees Fahrenheit, expresses the 106 degree fever. True. That’s why it’s a life-threat- combined effect of heat and humidity for greater ening medical emergency. During heat stroke (a.k.a. accuracy. Direct exposure to the sun, for example, can sunstroke) the body’s temperature-regulating system make it feel 15 degrees hotter than the thermometer stops working entirely. Temperature may also go up reads. Give yourself from 0 to 15 points on a sliding so high that brain damage—and death—would result scale, depending on how quickly you answered. if the body is not quickly cooled. Signs of heat 3. One hour of exertion in heat can decrease stroke: changes in consciousness ranging from dis- physical and mental performance by a) 5 percent, b) orientation to unconsciousness to coma; a rapid, 15 percent, or c) 25 percent? Sixty percent of the weak pulse; and quick shallow breathing. That was human body is water, and you remember that from grim: Give yourselves 106 points for reading high school biology, right? Water carries nutrients through. to every cell in your body and whisks away the Scoring: If you scored more than 250 points, waste. Water regulates body temperature. Health congratulations ES-pert! Reward yourself with a experts recommend more than the usual eight to ten glass of cool water. 100-200: Seek instruction from a glasses of water a day when it’s hot. But all that Cadet who’s been in Boy Scouts. Under 100: Wear a fatigue and muscle weakness; decreased endurance, PLB. We’ll soon be seeing your withered carcass, mental efficiency and coordination; and impaired face down in the desert, next to a full canteen! thinking and decision-making that come from dehy- Continued . . . dration has a miracle cure: water. Give yourself 25

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24 ES101 Don’t Eat Meat to Beat the Heat and Other Cold Comforts

Follow these tips all summer long, especially when a heat wave is underway or predicted. *Slow down and avoid strenuous physical activ- ity. Schedule any necessary physical activity during cooler parts of the day. Take regular breaks when engaged in physical activity. *Drink plenty of fluids, even if you do not feel thirsty. Avoid soda, tea, and alcoholic beverages. Alcohol and caffeine exacerbate heat effects and cause you to become dehydrated faster. Sports drinks contain carbs and electrolytes: good choice. *Dress for the heat. Wear lightweight and light- colored clothing, to reflect some of the sun’s energy away from your body. Wear a hat or use an umbrella. If you have to be outdoors during the hottest part of Without proper hydration, all the world’s a hostile desert. Photo: Shane Terpstra the day, use sunscreen. Sunburned skin interferes with your body’s ability to cool itself. air, but they do help sweat evaporate and cool your *Stay indoors as much as possible. If air condi- body by moving air over your moist skin. tioning is not available, stay on the lowest floor. Try *Eat lighter and smaller meals more often to go to a public building with air conditioning each throughout the day. Heavy meals that take longer to day for several hours. Electric fans do not cool the digest make the body work harder.

Scorch this Hot Quiz with feet elevated 10 to 12 inches, easing the work of Continued . . . the heart. Take active cooling measures to cool them down. Remove or loosen their tight clothing for How to Treat for Heat them. Cover their body with wet sheets or cloth. Heat-related illnesses usually progress through Douse them with water. Use a fan, magazine, clip- stages. Dehydration can lead to heat cramps, which can board, or even a large piece of cardboard to fan lead to heat exhaustion, which can lead to heat stroke them—anything to get the air moving. If you have and death if not treated. If you recognize signs of a heat- ice packs, place them in the victim’s armpits, groin, related illness, here is what you can do to help. and on the neck to help cool the large blood vessels First comes the heat cramps. Treatment: Find a near the surface of the skin. Watch for signs of cooler place. Rest comfortably. Sip small amounts of breathing difficulty. If victims begin to vomit, imme- cool water. Stretch and massage cramped muscles. If diately turn them onto their side so they do not the symptoms subside, they’re good to go. choke. Be prepared to perform CPR if necessary (see If it’s gotten to heat exhaustion, take the addi- Maj. Carol Denise Edwards, “Keeping Your Head tional steps of passive cooling measures by having During Mouth-to-Mouth,” Eagle Call, Winter 2005). the victim remove or loosen tight clothing. Offer the Memorize the method of treating for heat and cool water only if they are completely awake and remain alert to others around you who may be experi- alert. If you have any doubts, give them nothing. Call encing a heat-related illness. By taking care of yourself, 9-1-1 if they refuse water (or are not alert enough to you are protecting California Wings greatest asset. drink it themselves), or if they vomit, appear con- Capt. Storey is the Emergency Services Officer of fused, or lose consciousness. the Fullerton Composite Squadron 56, and is active Heat stroke is life threatening. Call 9-1-1 first. in CAP ES. A certified SARTECH II with the The victim must be protected from direct sun, even if National Association of Search and Rescue it involves temporary shade made with clothing (NASAR), he is a California state-licensed (such as in the desert). Place victims on their back Emergency Medical Technician.

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26 THE CADET COSMOS Your Encampment Survival Guide By Cadet 2nd Lt. Jordan Petree 10 Tips from a Grizzled 18-year-old Veteran of Two Summer Sweats

FULLERTON—Do you suffer gate, Eisenhower. from Encampment Dread, antici- The proper positive outlook is the pating the Cadet Training key to making encampment Group’s eight days of fun lording enjoyable. Your attitude is every- it over you? Fear not, fellow thing, affecting how you eat, cadet: With a little planning and sleep, and interact with others. If following these handy-dandy you head to encampment full of pointers, you might even have as yourself, you can bet your stripes much fun as us. (however many you have) you’re By definition, we Cadet in for a rough time. If you’re on Training Group (CTG) cadets staff at your home squadron, get have been where you are. You out of that mode before arriving. can’t lead until you’ve followed. When you report, you are a “basic Since 1975, we’ve been turning cadet” at the bottom of a very newbies like you into finely large and very hungry food chain. tuned, high-velocity cadets. So And don’t worry. It’s not as hum- whether you’ve enrolled because Cadet 2nd Lt. Jordan Petree: A flag- bling as it sounds. You will have you love drill (say it out loud), waver for Encampment. fun and make friends and memo- want free lessons in proper under- like at first, work up to it. Start ries that will last a lifetime. pants-storage technique, or know with one or two pushups and add Sub-Tip: To all you 1st Sergeants, you need Encampment to earn the another one every other day. get rid of your diamonds before Billy Mitchell award, Lt. Petree’s Encampment will demand several arriving at encampment. They going to give you a few tips that sets of each exercise consisting of have their own and don’t need will make this summer a little about ten to twenty repetitions any more. easier for you. So, seats at-ease, done to a three-count cadence, so and listen up: be ready! Run half a mile and SOP Does Not Mean walk the rest. Push yourself a 3“Sporadically Obeyed Program.” Put…the candy bar…down. little more each day until you can Did you get Standard Operating Encampment1 is not military boot run the whole thing through. You Procedures with your acceptance camp: We can’t turn you into a need to be able to run a full mile package? Did you actually read lean, mean machine in eight days. for encampment; you should be the SOP? You will come to know That being duly noted, the physi- able to run several in order to be this little book very well by the cal standards at encampment are comfortable. Watch what you eat end of encampment. In it, you high. Morning PT has been and take your vitamins. will find everything from the known to ruin a few afternoons— Sub-Tip: Change your socks Cadet Honor Code to the and evenings. Your chances of every day during encampment. Encampment Chain of Com- having a good time increase in To quote Lt. Dan, “The Mekong mand, and everything in between. proportion to how easily you can will eat a grunt’s feet right off his Make sure you study it, along keep up or stay ahead. Go outside legs.” Seriously: Accumulated with the rest of your materials, and start running, now, while sweat on dirty socks can cause well before you head out. You there’s still time. Work on skin irritation and blisters, which should already be familiar with pushups, flutter kicks, and dis- do not make anything easier. some of the contents (Cadet tance running. If you can’t do Oath), but the other stuff may many reps or go as far as you’d 2 Leave your rank at the Continued . . .

27 THE CADET COSMOS 10 Tips Continued . . . look foreign (Value of Drill And excessive water loss. Dehydration Officer Miserable. Ceremonies). Don’t worry. You can turn into a real medical emer- Have your uniform ready to go will learn it all by the end of gency if left untreated. Some before you get there. Spend some encampment. If you’re not moti- signs of dehydration include time ironing and prepping it vated to do memory work, get fatigue and muscle weakness, before you leave home to make with a friend and study. painful muscle cramps, upset sure you look your best. Cut the Sub-Tip: Get your Chain of Com- stomach or nausea, feeling bomb cords. (“Boom?”) As I said, mand down first. CTG Flight lightheaded or dizzy, a darker you won’t have much extra time Sergeants love to quiz you on this than normal urine color (clear to so anything you can do before- section. pale yellow is good), and disori- hand to make your uniform look entation. But it is inexcusable sharp will pay off. Shining your Avoid Bag-Drag Blues: for a cadet to let it go that far, shoes, polishing that brass, and 4Pack it Right or Pack It In. because you’ve been warned. I getting some last minute tailoring Are you going to start off by not just warned you. are all things you can do to following instructions? (My fun Sub-Tip: Change out the water in improve your appearance and meter is pegging already!) Stick your canteen every night during help you avoid the bark of an to the Encampment packing list, personal time to ward off that angry inspecting officer. for Pete’s sake! Learn from movie nasty canteen taste. Plus, the Sub-Tip: Leave your ribbons, clichés about chubby Privates suf- water will get nice and cool over- cords, and devices off your blues. fering boot camp: Cream-filled night and you’ll be more likely to You won’t need them until near snack cakes are not on that list! drink it. the end of encampment. Just Neither are lighters, slingshots, remember to pack them. Then jackknives or other contraband Defend the Epidermis! triple check to make sure you did. favored by Dennis the Menace. In Sunscreen:6 Learn it, live it, love a few days you’ll be firing an it. Nothing stinks more than being Talk to Your TAC. M16 assault rifle—let that be sunburned and squirming in your If8 you’re having a problem, your your solace as you leave the rack on a hot night at Camp SLO. Tactical Officer is the one to go Rambo Collection behind with Sunburned skin also causes you to to. Don’t be afraid: They are there your kid brother. And pack lightly become dehydrated more quickly to help you. If you feel uncom- for easy organization. You’re not (see previous tip) and increases fortable about something or need going to have extra time to do the risk of developing melanoma treatment for an injury, speak up. much of anything, so if you can (a malignant skin cancer) later on. You will never be denied a pack and unpack quickly you can A few quick squirts from one of request to speak to the TAC. to devote that time to something the spray-on varieties of sun- Don’t abuse it though: Encamp- more important. screen and you’re good to go. I ment is supposed to be difficult Sub-Tip: If you have to wonder recommend a sunscreen with a and your TAC is your TAC, not about whether or not it’s autho- SPF (sun protection factor) of 30 your mom. rized, the answer is probably to ensure prolonged protection. Sub-Tip: The chaplain is also a “No!” Remember, you’re not going to valuable resource if you need encampment for sunbathing and somebody to talk to. Try to sit Water Yourself, Camelback! socializing—that comes later, with him in the mess hall to avoid 5Water is your friend. Dehydration when you’re boasting of the day the onslaught of the CTG’s 1st is your enemy. It will be hot dur- you made Cadet Captain. shirts. ing encampment and you can Sub-Tip: I made time to apply loose water quickly. You need to sunscreen during the changing Think Through the Pain. drink water at every opportunity, period after PT. Make sure to get Pay9 attention. You may be tired or and there will be plenty of oppor- your neck especially. bored at times but keep your eyes tunity. Nothing will get you into and ears open. Encampment is the medic’s office faster than 7 Make an Inspecting Continued on page 33 . . .

28 Go for the 3-peat Jody, Jody, Look and See, You’ve probably asked your- self, “Why would I want to get What Encampment Done to Me! yelled at for a week of my sum- mer vacation?” It began with a sense of forebod- Because—call me crazy— ing. Every encampment horror California Wing’s encampment is story I’d ever heard rushed to the best cadet activity. Having mind as I stood in line to check attended two consecutive camps my luggage (“processing in”), (97th CTS, Fort Hunter-Liggett, studying my SOP. The sound of Delta Flight; and last year at flight staff yelling at cadets Camp SLO, with the ATS, echoed from every building, filling Whiskey Flight), I’d like to con- the air. I had definitely arrived. vince you that it is a worthwhile The first day consisted of experience. learning the encampment stan- dard for everything, from prop- erly folding clothes to how to eat at the chow hall. Cadets met their flight staffs and fellow basics. Before sunrise the next morn- ing, we awoke to the sound of our flight sergeant loudly ordering us using teamwork. We climbed up and outside. Cold air slapped walls, swung across water, and us as we began our first PT of the transported personnel and sup- week. Today’s theme: teamwork. plies through an obstacle course We learned that in order to perfect within a set time. everything in our barracks, we It got better: Orientation had to work together. In order to flights allowed us to experience drill perfectly, we had to work Chinook helicopters and see the together. spectacular scenery beyond Camp By midweek, I’d discovered SLO. We all went to the range to that encampment is not just get- shoot M16s— the highlight of the ting yelled at. Each flight had run week for some cadets in my the military obstacle course. flight. Marching flights sounded Strained voices had reached their off jodies with pride. In the end, it There’s a practical benefit: limits as cadets motivated one was the sound of high morale we Finishing an encampment makes another. The Leadership Reaction could hear in the air.—Cadet you eligible to take the exam for Course presented us with a chal- Tech. Sgt. Melanie Tunison, the General Billy Mitchell lenge that could be met only by Travis Composite Squadron 22 Award and promote through the cadet-officer ranks. Without an encampment credit, forget about When you graduate encamp- Yes, there is a lot of yelling. becoming a cadet officer. ment, you will have joined the Don’t worry about it, and don’t But it’s not just about pro- elite corps of the Cadet Training take it personally. Your flight moting. At encampment you’ll Group (CTG). Graduating encamp- staff wants to see you exceed the experience what it’s like to be a ment earns the awesome feeling encampment standard and con- member of a team, join a flight, of being on the parade deck with quer the challenges of this gruel- and graduate with your fellow your flight for closing ceremo- ing week.—Cadet Senior Master cadets. Without a team effort— nies. By this time you will have Sgt. Steve Dominguez, Travis without your effort—the flight realized that it is not about you, Composite Squadron 22 will not succeed. but the team.

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30 SAFETY MATTERS Yellow Lights on Electric Avenue By Capt. Chris R. Storey, Associate Editor, Eagle Call Don’t Let Hybrid Hype Dampen Your Good Samaritan Impulse. A Collision Course from Our Staff SARTECH.

FULLERTON—Many of us in Civil Air Patrol have motor automatically shuts off the gasoline engine “first-responder” in our blaze-orange blood. We’re while stopped or at low speeds. Drivers sometimes the folks who look for a missing aircraft all day— inadvertently leave their vehicles in DRIVE after a then stop to help at an auto accident scene on the way collision. This becomes a hazard because hybrids home. have silent electric Beyond the motors that may obvious dangers of still be running. oncoming traffic, When drivers fire, broken glass, remove their foot jagged edges of from the brake torn metal, and pedal (when they exposure to leaking exit the vehicle or fuel—not to men- are helped out by tion blood-borne first responders), pathogens from the vehicle may injured passen- lurch forward, gers—new hazards striking you or lurk around the other bystanders. bend with Hybrid Automakers Electric Vehicles are proud of their (HEVs), increas- hybrids and iden- ingly prevalent on tify them through California roads. distinctive mark- Hybrids com- ings or badges. If bine an internal you stop at the combustion engine scene of an auto with an electric accident, look for motor, but they’re them. Approach primarily powered hybrids, or any by the gas engine vehicle for that and convert energy matter, from the normally wasted side if possible. during braking or When responding coasting into elec- to traffic collisions, tricity. A high-volt- Coming soon: Hydrogen fuel cell hazard myths. police officers, and age battery pack stores that energy until needed by firefighters try to put the vehicle in PARK, turn off the electric motor. the ignition, and remove the key. As a signal to One unique safety hazard posed by post-accident others that the vehicle is shut off, they place the keys HEVs is the difficulty of determining if the vehicle is on the dashboard. Take this advice if you are involved still running. Their quiet-as-a-golf-cart operation is in an auto accident in any vehicle. If you do not feel likely to be the cause of accidents, as well, especially comfortable reaching into someone’s vehicle after a involving pedestrians who rely upon hearing cars collision, ask the driver or passenger if they are able more than they realize. On some models, the electric Continued . . .

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32 SAFETY MATTERS / THE CADET COSMOS Yellow Lights on Electric Avenue Continued . . . 10 Tips to do it. It is for their safety too. components could be exposed Continued from page 28 . . . The potentially lethal voltage after a particularly severe colli- stored in the batteries of hybrids sion. First responders across the hard but it only gets harder if you presents another safety hazard— country are being trained to locate are perceived as lazy. If you are up to 500 volts in the Toyota the emergency high-voltage told to do something, make sure Prius. Safety experts say 60 volts, disconnects on the current pro- you do it to standards. If you see and even lower in some cases, can duction model HEVs, but that’s something needs doing, take the be lethal. As a Good Samaritan at above our pay-grade in CAP. initiative and do it to standards. If the scene of an automobile colli- You’re probably asking, you don’t know what the stan- sion, you will not be cutting open “What about spilled gasoline and dards are, find out—and quick. doors, roofs, or side pillars— high-voltage sparks? Won’t Sub-Tip: Never cheat or take that’s for the fire department. these cars explode into flames?” short cuts. You’ve heard stories Although your risk of contacting Good question, Good Samaritan! about cadets putting pens in their high-voltage wiring is less than Hybrids are actually very safe. rolled shirts to make them stiffer, professional rescuers, exercise Collisions severe enough to rup- or other inventive ways to cut cor- extra caution. “For electricity to ture the fuel tank most likely have ners. Don’t do it. You have an be transferred from the battery to activated the safety features honor code for a reason—to make the motor, the car has to be accel- designed to disconnect the high- you a better cadet. erating or decelerating,” explains voltage at the source. Fire is always Sage Marie, Honda spokesman. a possibility at any automobile This is No Time to “Unless the car is moving, there is collision. The best advice: Keep Emulate10 Dirty Harry. no high-voltage current moving your eyes open and prepare to “Teamwork!” This is what every- through the wires. Even so, move out of harm’s way. one was screaming at me before there’s no reason any rescue Hybrids are not everywhere my first encampment. Believe worker should be anywhere near yet, but they’re not exactly novel- me, you’d better learn it from day the wires, and where the wires are ties, either. In 2005 alone, Torrance- one. Encampment is not just located, they won’t be.” based Toyota sold 107,897 Prius about teaching you how to drill, Automakers have gone to models and Honda put more than how to make your rack, or even great lengths to reduce dangers 26,000 Civic Hybrids and Insights how to eat like a robot. Yes, those from the high-voltage compo- on the road—and the eco-conscious are important, but the true pur- nents in their hybrids. They’ve Golden State dominates HEV pose of encampment is to teach color-coded the high-voltage wir- sales, according to Car Concepts, you teamwork. You will learn ing and components in our SAR- Thousand Oaks. By the end of the how to operate under pressure, standard attention-grabbing blaze year, Toyota will likely have sold using your teammates (your orange. These wires are routed 30,000 units of the new hybrid Flight) to overcome! You are along the midline of the vehicle Camry—the most popular vehicle going to rely on your team for frame wherever possible for in America. By 2008, nine almost everything. And the les- increased protection. Automatic automakers will produce 15 mod- sons you learn here will be interlocks disconnect the high- els of hybrids, including two full- invaluable now and throughout voltage circuits if the air bags size trucks, four sport utility your entire life. deploy. The high-voltage batter- vehicles, and three new hybrid Sub-Tip: Remember T.E.A.M.— ies are not grounded to the frame versions of current model passen- Together Everybody Accom- of the vehicle, so there is little ger cars. There will be accidents. plishes More! danger of being electrocuted by Don’t be afraid to help if you are C/2nd Lt. Jordan Petree is merely touching a wrecked in a position to do so. the Cadet Commander at hybrid. Even with these safety NEXT EAGLE CALL: Capt. Fullerton Composite Squadron features, be careful where you Storey explodes the myths of 56 in Orange County. He is also stick your hands because the nor- ballistic parachutes on small a proud member of the 102nd mally well-protected high-voltage aircraft. CTS Hotel Hawkeyes.

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34 DEBRIEFING Turbulence in the Empire By Capt. James Daley, PAO, San Bernardino Senior Squadron 5 Group 3 Crews Question Squadron Tasking. Incident Commanders Challenge Mission Readiness. Both Sides Have Their Say. RIVERSIDE—Group 3 hosted an urgent meeting of Emergency Services personnel here in February in reaction to building frustration over search-and- rescue mission tasking and response time in the Inland Empire. Thirty-six officers— including representatives of ten Group 3 squadrons, Lt. Col. Virginia Nelson, Wing Com- mander, Maj. Jim Porter, Vice Commander, and Capt. Bob Keilholtz, Director of Emergency Services—engaged in a spirited roundtable discussion that aired out critical mission-readiness issues. Referencing recent missions in the Palm Springs area, some MISSION CLARITY: Vice Commander Jim Porter explained the pilot’s prerogative. Group 3 pilots contended that tasking by Incident Commanders missions and showing up at a He expressed his own frustration, had become unreasonably impa- staging area ready to launch, only and related an incident when tient, with crews responding to be told to stand down because crews accepted a mission and quickly to missions and finding another aircraft had been used up 45 minutes of the Wing’s they weren’t needed; or accepting launched in the interim. Some response time, only to report upon officers claimed certain squad- arrival at their airport that their rons were often bypassed in favor CAP aircraft was gone. Capt. of other units for no objective Keilholtz said that some crews reason. were unacceptably unaware Capt. Keilholtz responded by of the plane’s scheduling or reiterating that county sheriff’s air-worthiness. departments are typically CAP’s Some crews argued they were customers, and as such demand a being pressured to accept mis- one-hour response time; he and sions under unsafe conditions. other Incident Commanders were Capt. Keilholtz objected that simply doing their best to keep every pilot is always in charge of the customer satisfied. He added determining the safety of mission with certain candor that some conditions, and Col. Nelson and squadrons were in fact meeting Maj. Porter reaffirmed that as the the needs of the Wing better than unwavering position of California KEILHOLTZ: Defending Incident others, both with respect to mis- Wing. Crews responded by citing Command’s call to action. sion response time and capability. Continued on page 49 . . .

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36 RE:CAP A California Wing Flyby Sonoma Squadron Fights Rushin’ Russian SANTA ROSA— the EOC with secur- Cadet and Senior ing its facility as well members of Redwood as guarding a nor- Empire Composite mally unmarked Squadron 157 were access point, signing among those who in workers, and spent the final escorting the press. hours of 2005 and Ten senior members New Year’s Day and three cadets— manning the including Cadet Capt. Sonoma County Zachary Hamill, seen Emergency Opera- here in Forestville— tions Center when provided security the Russian River around the clock flooded. At Guerne- under the coordi- ville, the river rose to nation of 1st Lt. Don 41.65 feet, peaking nearly 10 feet Nido and Monte Rio. Governor Olsen. No lives were lost.—1st Lt. above flood level, inundating the Schwartzenegger declared it a David Reber, PAO town and damaging nearby Rio disaster area. CAP was tasked by

Committed to the Another “Class of 9/11” Success Story CORE RIVERSIDE—Capt. Jon Stokes, column of the Riverside Press- newly installed commander of Enterprise. Capt. Stokes told the OAKLAND—A dozen members San Bernardino Senior Squad- newspaper that he’d joined Civil of Amelia Earhart Senior Squad- ron 5 (here with Lt. Col. Jon Air Patrol after the events of ron 188 trained here for disaster Meyer, right, at the change of September 11th because, never relief in the Federal Emergency command) was recognized in having joined the military, he Management Agency program the “San Bernardino County felt he hadn’t done his part for CORE, Citizens of Oakland Achievers and Volunteers” the country. The publication of Responding to Emergencies. The the column City of Oakland Fire Depart- immediately ment conducted the training led to visits through the Office of Emer- by three pro- gency Services. spective The curriculum for the three- members, part program, conducted over two of whom several days, includes a simulated have since disaster exercise and working joined up.— with the local community toward Capt. James the goal an ensuring self- Daley, PAO sufficiency for several days in the event of a disaster. FEMA classifies CORE as a CERT (Community Emergency Response Teams) program.—Lt. Col. Dennis Matarrese

37 GRANT GENERAL 408-956-2000 We Salute & Support the Men, Women CONTRACTORS, INC. fax 408-956-2001 & Young Cadets PAGOSA LAKES RANCH of Civil Air Patrol Los Gatos Construction is proud to 760-438-7500 support California Civil Air Patrol! Redding 530-221-2555 FAX 760-438-3056 500 S. Hill View Dr., Milpitas Red Bluff 530-529-0842 5051 Avenida Encinas • Carlsbad License # 276493 License #386577 Chico 530-893-5550 PACIFIC COAST Page AIR G & D uneral hapel MUSEUM A E R O P R O D U C T S F C License # FD-500 2330 Airport Blvd., Santa Rosa Thermal Pane Window Inserts Thank you Civil Air Patrol volunteers for 707-575-7900 (951) 443-1224 giving of yourselves in your missions of care. Sonoma County Airport FAX (951) 443-1346 2014 Arrants, Selma www.pacificcoastairmuseum.org 23220 Minors Rd., Gavlan Hills • Perris 559-896-1240 • Fax 559-896-2267 • JANITORIAL Northbay • BOARD Paper & • BOXES • BAGS Packaging Co. Shasta Lic. No. 440233 SN I S S A N – S U B A R U General Engineering Contractor OFFICE SUPPLIES • SHIPPING SUPPLIES We appreciate the members of our STRAPPING • TAPE • TWINE • WRAPPING EXCAVATING - GRADING - PAVING - TRUCKING California Civil Air Patrol! 2585 Cold Springs Road 707-778-5170 300 E. Cypress Ave. 530-626-0825 Placerville 2190 S. McDowell Blvd., Unit B • Petaluma Redding 530-223-2177 TAYLOR MOTORS, INC. Clean & Reasonable Quiet Rates GENUINE Parts is proud to salute the many Nothing’s better than an original. fine efforts of the C.A.P.! GMC ELMS MOTEL 877-233-6300 / 559-495-4004 TRUCKS Parts: 530-222-1207 or 1220 E. North Ave., Fresno Service: 530-222-1200 760-873-8118 800-848-9226 www.generalcoatings.net 2525 Churn Creek Rd., Redding 233 East Elm Street Bishop A Top Gun Apple Valley Airport Aviation Seminars " " 225 North Marshall Avenue Aviation, Inc. Fuel Aerobatics Flight School Maintenance El Cajon, California Aircraft Servicing & Maintenance Leonard’s Airport Cafe ` ...... 760-240-1888 (619) 596-3310 Where service and integrity meet! Midfield Aviation ...... 760-247-5766 1-800-257-9444 Flight Line Aviation & Academy . . . 760-961-8359 6100 S. Lindbergh St. We are Proud to Support the 760-247-2371 • FAX 760-247-2182 Stockton 209-983-8082 21600 CORWIN RD., APPLE VALLEY California Civil Air Patrol GRAVEL – SAND – SUPPLIES TORRENCE’S 760-934-3311 Lee’s Farm Implements Concrete Materials Sales • Service • Parts CONCRETE READY MIX New & Used Pickup & Delivery Service 190 E. Highway 86, Heber / 760-352-5355 Fresno Only (559) 486-2440 We gratefully salute the members Madera (559) 673-9189 695 W. Main St., Brawley / 760-344-4860 200 S. Pine St., Madera Thermal (Service Only) / 760-398-4141 of our California Civil Air Patrol!

38 RE:CAP

The Noble-ity of Acting SANTA MONICA—Expect flight-line double takes at the sight of 1st Lt. Bob Noble over the sum- mer, as the ad campaign for Washington Mutual in which he stars as a fraudulently unreformed banker has been in full swing since March. A pilot with Clover Field Composite Squadron 51 here, Lt. Noble had a reoccurring role as the President’s but- ler in West Wing and made prominent guest appear- ances on Crossing Jordan and Boston Legal last season. A proud Vietnam veteran, Noble served in U.S. Air Force intelligence during the war years, though he humbly stipulates, with respect to his brothers in arms, that he was not stationed “in coun- try.” He promises to never rip off his flight suit in the manner of the commercial to reveal some anti- CAP alter ego. Photos: Courtesy of Leo Burnett USA, Chicago.—Capt. Greg Solman, Editor Squadron 144 ‘Touched” by Katrina Briefing SAN DIEGO—Maj. Christopher His briefing summarized his Van Gorder returned in February team’s findings in PowerPoint to the squadron he once com- presentations and videos. Mem- manded to present his personal, bers said they were “touched” by professional perspective on his video essays. Katrina efforts in Houston, where Maj. Van Gorder recounted a many displaced hurricane victims then-recent experience of saving relocated. two hikers in a San Diego County Commander to ex-Commander: Maj. Maj. Van Gorder, CEO of the search-and-rescue effort in the Daryl Newton (left) presents a Scripps Health chain of hospitals Anza-Borrego Desert State Park Certificate of Appreciation to Maj. Chris and clinics in La Jolla, said that and showed cadets reserve ambu- Van Gorder. he’d dispatched a medical lance “Rescue 88.” appointed in March to Gov. response team of 71 doctors, The former commander of Arnold Schwarzenegger’s Com- nurses, and first responders to San Diego Cadet Squadron 144, mission on Emergency Medical Houston last October at the com- and a lieutenant in the San Diego Services.—Capt. Dennis mand of U.S. Surgeon General Country Volunteer Sheriff’s Ammann, PAO, San Diego Vice Admiral Richard Carmona. Department, Van Gorder was Cadet Squadron 144

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40 San Diego Cadets Steal a Glimpse of a Night Hawk ‘Neath the shadow of a Stratofortress: Cadets, Seniors, and Air Force tour guides gather. SAN DIEGO—Members of Billing and Dee O’Sargent, both bomber—highlighting the various three Civil Air Patrol squadrons of SQ47, conducted walking tours defensive systems such as chaff, got the catbird’s view of an with Capt. Dennis Ammann of flares, and electronic counter- F-117A Night Hawk Stealth SQ144. measures. Cadets saw the carou- Fighter during the Miramar Air Highlights of the tour sel bomb rack and learned how Show at the Marine Corps Air included a Boeing B-52H cruise missiles could be rotated Station here last October. Stratofortress out of Minot AFB, and ejected. San Diego Cadet Squadron N.D. Capt. Ryan McGough, Staff Sgt. Brandon Wannarka 144 and South San Diego Cadet radar navigator from the 23rd and Senior Airmen James Ray, Squadron 201, Chula Vista, typi- Bombing Squadron, thoroughly Bryan Perrine and Shawn Moore, cally join forces at Miramar to explained the mission, history, systems specialist, all of the 49th recruit prospects, setting up right and operation of this huge, eight- Air Maintenance Squadron, next the U.S. Air Force booth. engine aircraft. A young “H” ver- Holloman AFB, N.M., hosted the Skyhawk Composite Squadron sion with 45-years of service, the tour of an F-117A Night Hawk, 47, Camp Pendleton, was invited B-52 is expected to be in the Air one of two on display. Cadets to represent the northern portion Force inventory 15 more years. were permitted in pairs to climb of San Diego County. Master Sgt. Steven Henderson, the hard stand and view the cock- The show is also Aerospace crew chief, and Staff Sgt. Barry pit. Some cadets viewed the open Education paradise, with every Heuyard, systems specialist, both bomb rack and learned how the type of military and civilian plane from the 28th Bombing Squad- two 2,000 pound bombs eject imaginable on display, from mili- ron, Dyess AFB, Tex showed the during a bombing run. The tour tary replica WWI aircraft to the B-1B Lancer—a swing-wing, guides explained the infrared latest fighters. Majors Brian supersonic, four-engine heavy camera, laser-guidance and exhaust dissi- pation systems, engines, land- ing gear, and recounted the F-117’s com- bat history. The day’s excitement later peaked when the Blue Angels, the Navy Flight Demonstra- tion Team, performed.— Capt. Dennis Ammann, The B-1B Lancer above Edwards AFB during the CAP-supported 2003 Open House and PAO Air Show, when it unofficially set and broke almost 50 new world speed records and later released a payload of inert weapon. USAF photo by Steve Zapka. 41 Imperial Grain Growers, Inc. 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42 A Predator Puts Down: The advanced UAV lands at Gray Buttes-El Mirage test facility about 20 miles southeast of Edwards AFB. Two Predator weapons systems are undergoing developmental test and evaluation by the newly-formed Iraqi Freedom Flag Detachment 1 of the 452nd Flight Test Squadron. Photo courtesy USAF. Finds Home at SQ5 RIVERSIDE—San Bernardino Senior Squadron 5 was honored in February with the surprise pre- sentation of an American flag flown in a combat mission over Iraq. 1st Lt. Kevin Strange, a member of the squadron, returned from working in Iraq and pre- sented the flag to the unit com- mander Capt. Jon Stokes. A plaque bearing the following inscription accompanied the folded and encased flag: 1st Military Intelligence Battalion Mosul Air Base, Iraq “To all who read this: Let it be known that this American Flag was flown on a combat mission over the skies of Iraq on 31 December 2005 to 1 January 2006 aboard an IGNAT-ER, Aircraft #002, Callsign T-Bone 31, in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom to aid in maintaining stability and the reconstruction of Iraq as we prosecute the war on terrorism and is hereby presented to CAP Squadron 5 for your outstanding support and sacrifice to our nation and our brothers and sisters in arms.” Lt. Strange had been stationed personal comfort supplies to our extensive use by U.S. government at LSA Diamondback in Mosul wounded soldiers recovering in agencies, including the Air Force, on an Army contract supporting Germany. Army, Navy, NASA, and Depart- the troops in northern Iraq. Other The I-GNAT Aircraft, which ment of Energy. Other models are members of Squadron 5 have carried the flag and its sister craft, being used to patrol the skies over flown supplies and troops in sup- the Predator, are remote control the U.S. /Mexico border. These port of U.S. operations in aircraft, UAVs (unmanned aerial remote control aircraft are con- Afghanistan and Iraq. The unit vehicles). UAVs deploy state-of- trolled from mobile ground con- has also collected and delivered the-art reconnaissance systems in trol stations that can be installed in the back of a Hummer. This technology provides a cheaper and safer alternative to manned reconnaissance. Several southern California locations are being used for UAV development, testing and training. These locations include flight operations facilities in El Mirage and Gray Butte in the Mojave Desert east of Los Angeles and a Research and Development facil- ity in Adelanto, Calif.—Capt. James Daley

Remembered in Iraq: Lt. Kevin Strange (R) presents a war memento to squadron commander Capt. Jon Stokes.

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44 Lancer Crew Cuts It with Cadets SAN DIEGO—Staff Sgt. Angelic Atkins and her fiancée, Staff Sgt. Kurtis Payne, both on active duty with the USAF’s 28th Maintenance Squadron, Ellsworth AFB, South Dakota, took their leave time to speak to San Diego Cadet Squadron 144 here last December. Sgt. Atkins is a struc- tural mechanic and Sgt. Payne maintains ground support equip- ment for the B-1B Lancer, 28th Bomb Wing, Air Combat Com- mand. The two staff sergeants explained their respective jobs and outlined the challenges facing the USAF to provide parts for an Members of Squadron 144 enjoy a photo op with Staff Sgt. Kurtis Payne, USAF 1980s-vintage aircraft that is no (left) in civilian clothes, Staff Sgt. Angelic Atkins, USAF (center), and Lance Cpl. longer made. Sgt. Atkins stated Chris Houcom, USMC (right). Photo by Capt. Dennis Ammann Continued . . . Buzz and The Beav Support DC-3 Restoration Party SANTA MONICA—A CAP contrary, Mathers proudly served Beav, or I’ll pound you!” Mathers Investigation Concludes! Your in the Air National Guard, Van attended a Clover Field Compos- editor here produces indisputable Nuys, during the ’60s, where he ite Squadron 51-supported event photographic evidence that Jerry was assigned administration at Santa Monica Airport last “The Beaver” Mathers did not die duty—and only suffered Eddie December commemorating the in Vietnam (a widely circulated Haskell-esque wisecracks along 70th anniversary of the original rumor back in the day). On the the lines of: “Update my 201 file, flight of the DC-3s, which were built in Donald Douglas’s inge- niously disguised factories near the old Clover Field. American legend Apollo astronaut “Buzz” Aldrin attended the DC-3 fly-in and USO-style social, along with actor Cliff Robertson (PT109, The Devil’s Brigade, and for the Cadet gen- eration, Spider-Man’s uncle); aviator, FBO owner and FOC (Friend of CAP) Clay Lacy; and 58-Mission Spitfire flyer and ace test pilot Bob Hoover. CAP offic- ers and cadets controlled crowds and escorted celebrities as well as relatives of the late Donald Douglas.—Capt. Greg Solman, Editor

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46 RE:CAP “Attention all Units…Make That All Groups… Ah, Heck, Everybody in the Wing Look for a Boob Hauling a Boat!” FRESNO—At the end of a 103 to head it off and launched freezing, all-night search of the CAPflight 404 from Fresno Com- Grapevine for an emergency loca- posite Squadron 112. tor transmitter in February, a Unable to correlate the read CF404 could do nothing but take ground team from Bakersfield out of the Cessna 206’s direction pictures of the oblivious offender. Composite Squadron 121 felt it finder with its barely audible had finally closed in for the kill. report, Maj. Mark Lambie, Pilot could hear the ELT, confirming That’s when the signal started in Charge, and Mission Observer that it was moving north, appar- moving—from Group 6 to Group Jennifer Waite resourcefully ently on Interstate 5. 4 territory. About-to-be-seasoned swapped out the bad DF unit with CF404 caught up to the signal Incident Commander trainee a handheld model and continued west of Sacramento Metro (Group Theresa Longley dispatched a the chase. 5). A ground team, Lt. Col. second ground team from San Almost two hours later, the William Correll and Capt. Art Luis Obispo Composite Squadron Air Force Rescue Coordination King, Sierra Composite Squadron Center satellites 72, from CAP’s French Camp located the signal outpost, were hopelessly behind near Manteca—so out the signal, outside Stockton. came a third ground Maj. Lambie applied gastric team, this one from intel: He knew of a good restau- Merced County Com- rant at Willows where California posite Squadron 147, Highway Patrol might be informed Group 6. That team of their dilemma (and they might could only hear a use the facilities). But as they weak signal, so Maj. descended to 1,000 feet, they Lambie radioed the locked onto the ELT—a Dodge NorCal Approach pickup with camper hauling a controller working boat. Ill equipped to do anything the Stockton area, but pretty S-turns above the who requested the unwitting ELT-tripping scofflaw, assistance of any they took pictures (see above). This California Highway Patrolman left breakfast other aircrafts flying CF404 taxied to the ramp at behind to help CAP complete a neverending story. over the area. A jet Willows. As Maj. Lambie had predicted, a patrol car was parked Lancer Crew Cuts It with Cadets by the CHP’s C206, and an officer was enjoying a hearty late Continued . . . breakfast. Informed of CF404’s that although the Lancer is old, stationing in Ellsworth, where dilemma, the officers dispatched “stealth” technology incorporated he’s from. Marine Lance Cpl. their highway units to pull over into the airframe gives it the radar Chris Houcom also spoke. The the Dodge and tell the driver to cross-section of a small bird. Sgt. former CAP Cadet inspired turn off his ELT. Atkins spoke of her deployments Cadets with tales of his combat CF404 returned with 6.3 to Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and experience in Iraq. He sustained hours on the Hobbs, a non- Oman during the past six years. shrapnel wounds and hearing loss distress find, and lots of pictures Sgt. Payne said he’d joined the Air after a suicide bomber attacked to prove it.—Reported by Force to see the world and laughed his observation post.—Capt. Maj. Mark Lambie, Fresno at the irony of his subsequent Dennis Ammann, PAO Composite Squadron 112

47 Flying B Real Estate B & D Electric Serv-Aero Engineering, Inc. ~~~ VIRGIL BUECHLER ~~~ Aircraft Equipment, Parts & Supplies Mfg. 530-257-6277 530-825-3407 County Road 56 (831) 422-7866 687-805 MAGNOLIA SUSANVILLE Alturas (530) 233-3312 37 Mortensen Ave., Salinas Fidelity Moving Nor-Cal Transmission Service Blue Ribbon Farm Company, Inc. 5814 Westside Rd. 25740 N. Mackville Rd. Barstow. . . 760-252-2002 530-243-9008 Redding Clements 209-759-3772 Louis Cairos INTEGRITY PLUMBING The Ultralight Store Restaurant 909-260-8915 BANQUET ROOMS A VAILABLE 951-925-7780 558 7th St. • Williams • 530-473-5927 11362 San Fernando St., Moreno Valley 4535 W. Whittier • Hemet 209-723-2163 McNary Moore W. N. ART BRONZE CO., INC. 1033 Motel Dr. Funeral Service á (559) 268-3426 Merced 530-458-2111 \ 107 5th St., Colusa 3640 W. Nielsen Ave Fresno Hemet Ryan Aviation Airplane Company of Salinas Richter Aviation 951-925-7618 1585 Moffett Street 530-438-2141 4530 Waldon Weaver Rd., Hemet Salinas 831-753-1077 6168 Maxwell Rd., Maxwell Soilserv & John Pryor A & L Ready Mix Jeff’s Pest Control Service 831-422-6473 209-532-9705 4989 Mountain Lakes Blvd., #C P.O. Box 3650, Salinas 14681 Mono Way • Sonora q Redding / 530-247-1802 870 Hooper Ave. MILLIONAIR Courtyard Marriott Motel Santa Rosa 100 Skypark Dr. (707) 451-9000 707-545-9000 MONTEREY 831-373-4151 120 Nut Tree Parkway, Vacaville Agri Electric (760) 934-2471 ...... h ...... 11011 Midway WAVE RAVE SNOWBOARD SHOP Rutherford Office Chico 530-342-4203 3203 Main St. • Mammoth Lakes 113 S. Plaza St., Brawley 760-344-4041 Bedrock Construction Hughes Farms Re Com Development Company 307 Boy Scout Camp Road proudly supports the Civil Air Patrol. 2488 Dixon Lane, Bishop West Point 209-293-3184 Gridley 530-846-3936 760-873-3301 Compliments of . . . ACCO Cable Splicing Wilson’s Feed & Supply Joey 661-323-0461 707-252-0316 Sanchez 3504 Buck Owen Ave. Bakersfield 1700 Yajome St., Napa Selsor Construction Charles e. Miller Bob’s Tire Center We are proud to salute the fine Proudly supports the 530-895-8473 efforts of the men & women of C.A.P.! California Civil Air Patrol! 2300 Esplanade, Chico THE REPORTER Sheldon Lewis alpine signs (707) 453-8189 is proud to salute and 263 S. MAIN ST. 916 Cotting Ln., Vacaville support our C.A.P.! BISHOP 760-873-5078 State Wide Service Since 1951 Ralph Wilkerson Bishop Pack Outfitters edfearn Trucking, Inc. is proud to salute the lifesaving 247 Cataract Rd. R 209-948-0080 efforts of the Civil Air Patrol! Aspendell • 760-873-4785 Hale Aviation, Inc. Thanks Civil Air Patrol! S H N Consulting

559-935-5055 (530) 891-5214 ENGINEERS & GEOLOGISTS 43029 S. Glen, Huron AM/PM DUSTERS, INC. Chico 480 Hemsted Dr., Redding • 530-221-5424 Powell Painting, Inc. A C Core Drilling HESTER ROBERTSON 6090 Lucky John Rd., Paradise INSURANCE SERVICES, LLC (707) 485-0784 1250 Aviation Ave., Ste. 250 530-877-2862 P.O. Box 193, Redwood Valley, CA 95470 San Jose 408-286-5330

48 CAPTAIN’S LOG Turbulence in the Empire Continued from page 35 . . .

incidents in which pilots had refused missions, declaring the conditions unsafe, only to dis- cover later that other crews were tasked on the same mission. They said the subtle pitting of squadron against squadron could lead to less experienced crews flying into dangerous conditions, or to pilots pushing against their own limits so as not to seem less competent or game than others. Capt. Keilholtz answered that, on the contrary, in instances where one crew had demurred, more experienced and capable pilots had taken the missions, confident that they could fly in those conditions, or that the vari- ables had changed at the point of tasking. He re-emphasized that every Mission Pilot has both the right and the duty to make that determination for himself. During the discussion of A snapshot of the Wing’s missing-aircraft missions as compared to the number of varying crew capabilities, officers fatal crashes reported by the National Transportation Safety Board. December cited a mission in which pilots brought the misery of eight fatal crashes, and CAWG responding to half. In October, understood Incident Command to CAWG was called in to find both fatal wrecks. have established a remote base at Hemet at which they arrived to find no base staff. They wondered how they were to react in that situation. Capt. Keilholtz responded by differentiating between a mere staging area and a staffed mission base, and further emphasized the practical neces- sity of moving toward a virtual- base model wherein the best chance of round-the-clock staff- ing is for missions to be run out of home offices with full communi- cations and computer comple- ments. Capt. Keilholtz warned that, despite the adjustment it might entail, this was almost cer- South Coast Group 7 got most of the Mission action during the period of October 2005 to January 2006, according to an unofficial estimate based on formal closing tainly the direction of Wing mis- traffic. As usual the ICs, ground teams, UDFs and CAPflights often come from sion management in the future.— neighboring Groups. The big cities and the central valley were relatively quiet. with Capt. Greg Solman Continued . . .

49 Stan Leach Timber, Inc. Cruiseair Aviation, Inc. Sierra German Auto is proud to support the C.A.P.! (760) 789-8020 760-873-8923 530-359-2249 French Gulch 2428 Montecito Rd., Ramona 2035 N. Sierra Hwy., Bishop Shasta Nursery, Inc. 2655 Robert Fowler Way Comfort Inn San Jose 5024 Dersch Rd. 1804 B Fort Jones Rd., Yreka (408) Anderson • 530-365-8507 530-842-1612 258-9462 Sunshine Village Condominiums Truman Harris Cheshire Books is proud to salute the men and 345 N. Franklin, Fort Bragg 2251 Meridian Blvd. (760) women of Civil Air Patrol. Mammoth Lakes 934-3340 Keep up the good work! 707-964-5918 Bogie’s Auto Parts Midland Tractor Co. Andrew Griffith Construction 559-864-3125 1901 W. Cleveland 17639 Willow Creek 20746 Pio Pico, Laton (559) 674-8757 Madera Macdoel (530) 398-4271 Central Valley Hardware R G D Tutoring Sonoma Valley Airport Stockton is Proud to Support Civil Air Patrol 23980 Arnold Drive 209-464-7305 Carlsbad 760-931-5866 Sonoma • 707-938-5382 Jim O’Mally Plumbing Edelweiss Lodge Mid-Field Aviation P.O. Box 1331, Brawley, CA 92227 P.O. Box 795, Mammoth Lakes, CA 93546 21723 Cerrito Ave. ~~~~ 760-344-7844 ~~~~ -----(760) 934-2445----- Apple Valley (760) 247-5766 Walker Evans Enterprises Valley Power Sweeping Supr Lube Eureka Inc. is proud to salute the P.O. Box 3122, San Leandro, CA 135 W. Harris, Eureka California Civil Air Patrol! (707) 426-3436 707-445-5823 Air Carriage LLC hillside aviation (530) 898-8616 / Fax: 530-898-8634 (530) 241-4204 Valley Air Service 100 Piper Ave., Chico Municipal Airport 2600 Gold Street, Redding (530) 458-5181 • Colusa, CA PONTIAC Yuba Sutter Aviation Orson Construction BUICK Silveira GMC 4843 Skyway Dr. (530) 397-3911 985 Healdsburg Ave., Healdsburg 530-743-0688 Marysville 3009 Sleepy Hollow, Dorris 707-433-5541 • www.silveiragm.com K G Walters Thomas Home Center CYR Aviation CONSTRUCTION CO., INC. (707) 839-3222 Blythe, California 916-395-8993 Santa Rosa 1685 Sutter Rd., McKinleyville Poston, Arizona ...... Colusa County Airport (760) 873-3190 R & R Quality Meat Co., Inc. 100 Sunrise Blvd., Suite ‘F’ Stevens 1411 Matlick Lane 530-241-7770 Colusa (530) 458-2393 ...... Signs ...... Bishop ...... 2105 E ST. • REDDING Cheesecake Momma General Supply Co. Wofford’s Mobile Home Service (707) 462-2253 14185 Mono Way 760-873-6072 200 West Henry St., Ukiah Sonora 209.532.5576 1409 Matlick Ln. ❖ Bishop ROBERT SWARM FOUR CORNERS BUILDERS SUPPLY Specialized Equipment Manufacturing AIRCRAFT REPAIR 14975 Olympic Dr., Clearlake OMPTON ENTERPRISES C 2434 Dayton Rd., Chico (530) 640-0690 ALTURAS 707.994.6277 530-895-1942 / Fax: 530-895-0760 POWDER COATING Napa County Sheriff Pine Flat Lake Marina A & A & SANDBLASTING Gary Simpson & Staff Boat Slips & Rentals 25311 Ave. Stanford, Valencia • 661-295-5015 Proudly support the Civil Air Patrol! 559-787-2506 ...... Sanger J.J. Glider Repair P. U. C. Flight Center Frey’s 312 Locust St. 4070 Glider Rd. 1 Angwin Avenue Gun Ridgecrest (530) 622-4991 Placerville Angwin (707) 965-6219 Shop 760-375-9690

50 CAPTAIN’S LOG

DEBRIEFING: Though the came late (or Christmas came number of ELT/EPIRB early) for the entire Wing in early missions remained relatively December when CAP planes stable during the opening of participated with the Los Angeles the ES year in October through County Sheriff’s Department and January, CAP’s responses to the U.S.A.F. 84th Radar Evaluation missing-aircraft averaged one Squadron at Hill AFB, Utah, in a per week last December Distress Save of two men whose during a month when the glider (without ELT) was lost in the NTSB reported only eight fatal San Gabriel Mountains and found accidents in California in all using the AF-supplied last-known classes of aviation. According position in a canyon wash at 4,200 to Lt. Col. Beth Wordsworth, feet. IC Keilholtz called it “the DDC, both October and classic missing-aircraft search- November missing-aircraft and-rescue mission.” Digress missions as well as January’s Finds: Also in the run-up to single mission included an Christmas, IC Keith Stason aircraft discovered safely on dispatched a UDF team to a the ground, whereas all Dublin Sports Chalet sporting four of December’s were goods store where they found an fatal crashes. Of the “unregistered PLB” had been January ELT missions, “activated by store personnel to one “involved securing three ELTs in 10 November, a northern search for a demonstrate its use to a potential separate locations, including one in a Beech F33 flying Redding to Santa customer.” We hope 2nd Lt. Scott crashed aircraft near Fox Field, Rosa that began when the pilot, an Lofgren at least got free MREs for his Lancaster,” said Col. Wordsworth. attorney, missed a court date. IC Ray troubles. IC Lt. Shane Terpstra ran the Critical missions include the 18-19 Peterson dispatched air crews and last mission of last year—and the first October search for the missing Lancair ground teams, but a Sonoma County of 2006, sending a crew to the front that dropped off radar flying from sheriff’s helicopter beat them to the lines of Alpine. “Thanks to Bob Gillespie Field to Scottsdale, Ariz. IC crash site. Col. Peterson reports: “This Keilholtz and Tom Charpentier for their Capt. Bob Keilholtz reports: “This two mission demonstrated how quick late night efforts in locating this signal day mission used seven aircraft (flying response and cooperation with and dodging gunfire on New Year’s 24.5 hours), one ground team, and 33 California highway patrol and County Eve.” Source: Unofficial estimate members, at a savings to state and Sheriffs can get the mission based on Mission Closing traffic.— local governments of over $3,000.” On accomplished.” Finally, Thanksgiving Capt. Greg Solman

A picture of the Incident Commander load during the period showed Capt. Bob Keilholtz running most of the Missions (22) from the south of Group 7, with 1st Lt. Shane Terpstra (17) pulling in long hours on the beach, and Capt. Frank Duarte (13) crowned king of the north. None of the ICs polled (including Keilholtz, who often handles missions for long periods before handing off) were quite sure just how many Missions they’d handled. Source: Unofficial estimate based on Mission Closing traffic.

51 Oakland International Airport salutes the efforts of the dedicated men and women of the California Civil Air Patrol.

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52 IN MEMORIAM Air Devil! Having Known Few Fears in 80 Years, Col. Towse Tells Us How He Took a Flying Leap of Faith from a Perfectly Good Airplane Editor’s note: As fate would have it, Col. Towse By Lt. Col. Don Towse, San Jose Senior Squadron 80 sent me this piece for publication in Eagle Call SAN JOSE—It’s a warm sunny early December day in the Santa Clara just weeks before his Valley, and I’m driving down Highway 101 for an appointment to passing in April. I had celebrate my 80th birthday at Hollister Airport. They are expecting me already determined to about noon, and we will be all finished by three o’clock. I’ve been thinking of doing this since I heard that former President feature it essentially intact George Bush jumped to celebrate his 80th birthday. I tell my family; when I learned from they think I’m joking, but I keep it up, and word gets around. So now Chaplain (Lt. Col.) Paul I’m really going to have to do it. “You can still change your mind,” I tell Ward that Col. Towse had myself as I turn into the airport, but pride and curiosity urge me on, and I died. In a sense this piece, park next to the skydiving school. his voice, bears witness There is a small office, a rack of jump suits, and a large barn-like room where parachutes are carefully folded and packed for use. Not the and fitting tribute to his old-style round parachutes that go where the wind blows them, these are spirit. I hope all of us who colorful rectangles with thick straps connected to the four corners. The served with Col. Towse, straps at the rear have handles so that the jumper can steer by moving whether or not we had the the trailing edge of the parachute. honor of knowing him, will I watch a video, accept liability for everything the lawyers can think cherish in this wry, folksy of, and acknowledge that I know that this is a dangerous activity that has memoir what I admire: His no useful purpose. (Okay, a lot of people do nutty things. At least this promises to be a real adventure.) joie de vivre. Requiescant I meet my instructor, jumpmaster Steve Rafferty. He’s a solidly in pace. built man in his late thirties, a little less than six feet tall with short-cropped graying hair and a slightly weathered face. He loves to jump out of airplanes and it shows. He’s done it almost ten thousand times. During our flight he will be my PIC—Parachutist- in-Command. We share one para- chute. Both of our harnesses are attached to it. Students don’t solo first jump. He finds a jumpsuit that will fit me, straps me into the almost too-tight harness, and Continued . . . and I admit that I’m a little bit uneasy looking straight down to the ground 10,000 below. Pilots don’t normally have this kind of view—normal pilots, anyway. So I take a deep breath, having finally decided it’s too late to change my mind anyway. We adjust our goggles and gloves. We don’t “jump,” just sort of step off into the slip stream, and go into free-fall, heading for 4,500 feet altitude. This is where we put out our arms like wings Air Devil and I, a para-photographer to and pretend we’re birds, soaring Continued . . . document my adventure, and with the hawks and eagles. It explains everything. another jumper along just for the looks pretty in the movies—but It’s too late to back out now, fun of it, sit on the floor padding. it’s cold and really breezy up so off we go. Steve is grinning The pilot and I have seat belts but here, going about 120 miles per widely from the time we start out everyone else is free to bounce hour. Not good for the complex- for the plane until long after we’re around. ion or hairdo. From 10,000 feet safely back on the ground. You The run-up sounds good and the earth seems distant. I can can see he just loves this. They the plane quickly climbs to actually see the curve of the load four of us into a six-place 10,000 feet, full throttle all the horizon and all the way from Cessna airplane. We say this is a way. We slow to about 90 knots the Sierra Nevada on the east “perfectly good” airplane, but in and someone opens the door. The to the Pacific Ocean and reality it’s old and only “good photographer gets out first and is Monterey Bay to the west. We enough.” This model has no cargo standing on the wing strut out- continue to turn; the world looks door; the co-pilot seat on the right side, waiting for us. like it’s slowly spinning under us, side has been removed and the It’s windy! What’s more, it but the ground doesn’t seem to be modified door with hinges on top feels unnatural to sit on the door- coming up as fast as I had imag- has an easy-release catch. The sill with my legs outside. I’m sup- ined. My PIC has an altimeter door swings up so we can get out posed to put my foot on a step on strapped to his wrist so we can see when the time comes. The outside the wing strut, but my legs are too how we’re doing. looks good but the interior is short to reach it. Steve says not to The photographer comes well-worn. Only the pilot has a worry, the slipstream will help us close to take a picture, we smile seat; the rest of us, the instructor out! It’s cold out here, and noisy, Continued . . .

54 GEARED UP / IN MEMORIAM Hearts of Glass Welcoming the Wing’s New 182 Has NorCal Pilots Bidding Fond Adieux By 1st Lt. Steve Taylor, Group 5 PAO

NORTH HIGHLANDS—Nos- talgic sentiment met welling excitement as pilots of NorCal Group 5 bid farewell to their PAINT THE SKY: Awaiting a mission at Sacramento Composite Squadron 15. faithful old plane and received the new Cessna 182T with the We love flying that bird. For switch would play games now Garmin “glass cockpit.” many of us, it was our introduc- and then. The radio toggled Group 5 had been on notice tion to the 182. If you happened to between left and right seats—and for nearly a year that one of its be transitioning from a Cessna alternated between functioning units might be the next to take 172, the 182 felt like a wild horse and not. Sometimes the CAP possession of one of those high- you’d been tasked to break. But radio worked. Sometimes, we just tech airplanes with all the bells after a short time it felt as tame as did our best without it. and whistles. So when the first a kitten, requiring as little care The aircraft itself always per- aircraft assignment fell to another and feeding as fresh oil, a light formed exceptionally well. This group, we were disappointed to buff of the leading edge, and an was due in no small part to the say the least. Thankfully, we were annual checkup. exceptional aircraft managers not left empty-handed and indeed Like a favorite old car or we’ve had over the years. Our happy to carry on with our trust- truck, this plane had given us guys take ownership of a plane worthy bird of many years, a 1981 flawless performance for many and baby it as if it was their own. Cessna 182R. years. Oh, sure, the push-to-talk Continued . . .

Air Devil points out a field far below and attesting to my 10,000-foot dive Continued . . . ahead of us. There are two para- and a bumper sticker for my and wave, and he’s off. We see chutes already there, and a van on pickup truck: “I JUMPED his ‘chute open far below us and the road next to them. That will be FROM A PERFECTLY GOOD will meet him again on the our landing zone. Steve pulls on AIRPLANE.” ground. Our parachute opens with the parachute straps to steer us Back home about 4 o’clock, I little jerk. We take off our goggles toward it. We are taught to land find my wife waiting, just a little to drift silently down. This part is with our legs straight out in front, anxiously. She asks me, “Are you pretty nice. After flying along, using our butts for landing gear. It going to do it again?” belly down, it’s good to be nearly turns out pretty well for us. We’re “I don’t feel any need to vertical, enjoying the view. Down sitting on a wide strap that cush- repeat it,” I reply. “Once is there, on a warm Friday after- ions the landing nicely. enough for now.” noon, I can see the hills and fields On the ground we shake Then to myself: It really was and the new subdivisions in a hands, hug, and pose for pictures. fun. Maybe, again, on my 90th more normal perspective. Steve I get an official certificate birthday.

55 Hearts of Glass Continued . . . (By the way, have you thanked your aircraft manager lately?) That being said, we really like the new aircraft. Who wouldn’t? This baby is loaded! In 2004 Cessna debuted the G-1000 in their Skylanes. It replaces many tradition cockpit instru- ments with twin 10.4-inch high- definition liquid crystal displays (thus the nickname “glass cock- pit”). The displays of this inte- grated avionics system function interchangeably as primary or multi-function. Redundancy is built-in with automatic fault GARMIN GLAMOR: An inside look at NorCal’s new 182T. monitoring and reversionary foresaw the need to get started approach charts?). With all this mode (meaning flight-critical early, so in January about 50 on display, as well as moving map data can be seamlessly transferred members of NorCal units GPS, if you get lost or empty your to a single display). attended half-day of ground train- tanks, well, you’ve got some The engine gauge cluster pro- ing taught by a local flight school. ‘splainin’ to do! vides all the standard gauges, and This gave us a detailed introduc- The flight home gave Capt. includes engine trend data, lean tion to the inner workings of the Slavensky and Lt. Scanlon a assist, and more. A centrally unit, tips, tricks, and good hands- chance to test some of the new located digital audio panel on experience. The instructor also features. Due to bad weather over includes automatic squelch con- made available the flight school’s the Rockies and the Sierras, the trol and audio recording/playback G1000 simulator so that CAP team traveled only from Indepen- for capturing ATC clearances. members get in practice over the dence, Kan., to Albuquerque, There’s also a Mode-S transpon- next few months. N.M., the first day, then touched der with Traffic Information Ser- NorCal sent two of its very down in Apple Valley and made it vice (TIS), weather display, and best check pilots to 5 ½ days of home to Sacramento the next. The satellite phone for those missions intense training at Cessna head- crew flew 134 knots ground speed requiring digital imaging. quarters in Wichita, Kansas. Capt. most of the way. The new plane is SAR mis- Bill Slavensky, Sacramento Com- Many of us came out to wel- sion-ready. Brand new CAP posite Squadron 15, and 1st Lt. come the crew home from their radios and Becker direction-find- Patrick Scanlon, Marin Air Res- long flight—and to get our first ing equipment are built-in. And cue Squadron 23, Novato, report peek at our new bird. But as we we even like the colors: A beauti- receiving very professional train- welcome our 182T and look for- ful factory CAP-insignia paint ing focused on the basic concepts, ward to many years of performing job. Then there’s that “new the line-replaceable unit, and the missions together, we bid a fond plane” smell. heading and altitude reference set. farewell to our dependable 182R. Piloting one of these will They were also familiarized with Though other squadrons might require a lot of training. It’s still the new terminology, with an envy our new plane, we have just essentially a 182, but working the emphasis on using the checklist. a touch of our own for the folks electronics and getting used to the They were encouraged to take a that will be flying our old friend. new display scan does take a little “hands-off” approach (did I men- We hope it brings them as much time. Instrument checkout is even tion the 3-axis autopilot—affec- enjoyment as it did us. more complex. tionately referred to as George— Fortunately, our leadership and the built-in Jeppesen

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