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º'‡ Èõàπõπ§ ∫ (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) ¢Õ߇¢Μ√—°…“Æ

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º'‡ Èõàπõπ§ ∫ (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) ¢Õ߇¢Μ√—°…“Æ π‘æπ∏åµâπ©∫—∫ º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫ (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) ¢Õ߇¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“ Œ“≈“-∫“≈“ ®—ßÀ«—¥π√“∏‘«“ »ÿ¿ƒ°…å «—≤π ‘∑∏‘Ï 1 ™—¬«—≤πå ª√–¡«≈2 ÿ√‰°√ ‡æ‘Ë¡§”3 ·≈– »‘√‘æ√ ∑ÕßÕ“√’¬å 4 Abstract Watanasit, S.1, Pramual, C.1, Permkam, S.2, and Thong-Aree, S.3 Geometrid moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Narathiwat Province Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol., 2004, 26(2) : 197-210 The purpose of this research was to investigate the species diversity and abundance of geometrid moths in tropical rain forest of Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary (< 200 meters above sea level), Narathiwat Province, southern Thailand. Field data were collected every 2 months from July 2001 to July 2002. Three light traps were placed 200 meters apart. Moths were collected every 2 hours between 18.00 - 24.00 pm for 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 2Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resourecs, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, 3Peat Swamp Hala-Bala Research Station, Narathiwat, 96160 Thailand. 1«∑.¡. ( —µ««‘∑¬“) √Õß»“ µ√“®“√¬å 2«∑.¡. (𑇫»«‘∑¬“) π—°»÷°…“ ¿“§«‘™“™’««‘∑¬“ §≥–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 3Ph.D. (Entomology) √Õß»“ µ√“®“√¬å ¿“§«‘™“°“√®—¥°“√»—µ√Ÿæ◊™ §≥–∑√—欓°√∏√√¡™“µ‘ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ߢ≈“π§√‘π∑√å Õ”‡¿ÕÀ“¥„À≠à ®—ßÀ«—¥ ߢ≈“ 90112 4«∑.¡. (™’««‘∑¬“ªÉ“‰¡â) π—°«‘™“°“√ ∂“π’«‘®—¬ —µ«åªÉ“ ªÉ“æ√ÿªÉ“Œ“≈“-∫“≈“ 96160 π√“∏‘«“ Corresponding e-mail : [email protected] √—∫µâπ©∫—∫ 10 µÿ≈“§¡ 2546 √—∫≈ßæ‘¡æå 18 µÿ≈“§¡ 2546 Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. Geometrid moths in Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Narathiwat Vol. 26 No. 2 Mar.-Apr. 2004 198 Watanasit, S., et al. 3 consecutive nights. Seven hundred and fifty six individuals of geometrid moths comprising 5 subfamilies, 17 tribes, 67 genera and 129 species were collected and identified. According to the numbers of species and individuals, moths in subfamily Ennominae (79 species, 522 individuals respectively) were the predominant group followed by Geometrinae (32 species, 88 individuals), Desmobathrinae (8 species, 42 individuals), Sterrhinae (7 species, 24 individuals) and Larentiinae (3 species, 80 individuals). The number of species and individuals varied with collecting time as follows: 18.00 - 20.00 pm (61 species, 199 individuals); 20.00 - 22.00 pm (90 species, 298 individuals); 22.00 - 24.00 pm (75 species, 259 individuals). However, the most abundant / / species were Hypocecis costaria Guenee , Omiza lycoraria Guenee , Ectropis bhurmitra Walker, Hypomecis sommereri Sato and Eois memorata Walker. No association between rainfall or temperature and total number of species or individuals was found. The total numbers of individuals in subfamilies Ennominae and Geometrinae were positively correlated with temperature (P<0.01, rs = 0.893 and 0.964 respectively). No difference in total number of species or individu- als was found between dry and wet season. Key words : geometridae, seasonal change, physical factors, diversity, Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Narathiwat ∫∑§—¥¬àÕ »ÿ¿ƒ°…å «—≤π ‘∑∏‘Ï ™—¬«—≤πå ª√–¡«≈ ÿ√‰°√ ‡æ‘Ë¡§” ·≈– »‘√‘æ√ ∑ÕßÕ“√’¬å º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫ (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) ¢Õ߇¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“ Œ“≈“-∫“≈“ ®—ßÀ«—¥π√“∏‘«“ «. ߢ≈“π§√‘π∑√å «∑∑. 2547 26(2) : 197-210 «—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå¢Õß°“√»÷°…“„π§√—Èßπ’ȇªìπ°“√»÷°…“§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬·≈–®”π«π¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫„πªÉ“∫“≈“ ‡¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“Œ“≈“ - ∫“≈“ ®—ßÀ«—¥π√“∏‘«“ (∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ Ÿß‰¡à‡°‘π 200 ‡¡µ√ ®“°√–¥—∫πÈ”∑–‡≈) µ—Èß·µà‡¥◊Õπ °√°Æ“§¡ æ.». 2544 - ‡¥◊Õπ°√°Æ“§¡ æ.». 2545 ∑”°“√«“ß°—∫¥—°· ߉ø®”π«π 3 ™ÿ¥ ·µà≈–™ÿ¥Àà“ß°—π 200 ‡¡µ√ °“√‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑ÿ°Ê 2 ™—Ë«‚¡ß µ—Èß·µà‡«≈“ 18.00 π. - 24.00 π. ‡ªìπ‡«≈“ 3 §◊𵑥µàÕ°—π ®“°°“√ ”√«®æ∫º’‡ ◊ÈÕ ÀπÕπ§◊∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 756 µ—« 129 ™π‘¥ 67 °ÿ≈ 17 ‡ºà“ „π 5 «ß»å¬àÕ¬‰¥â·°à Ennominae (79 ™π‘¥ 522 µ—«) Geometrinae (32 ™π‘¥ 88 µ—«) Desmobathrinae (8 ™π‘¥ 42 µ—«) Sterrhinae (7 ™π‘¥ 24 µ—«) ·≈– Larentiinae (3 ™π‘¥ 80 µ—«) ”À√—∫™à«ß‡«≈“æ∫«à“¡’§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õß™π‘¥·≈–®”π«π·µ°µà“ß°—π‰ª §◊Õ„π™à«ß√–¬–‡«≈“ 18.00 π. - 20.00 π. (61 ™π‘¥ 199 µ—«) ™à«ß√–¬–‡«≈“ 20.00 π. - 22.00 π. (90 ™π‘¥ 298 µ—«) ·≈–™à«ß√–¬–‡«≈“ 22.00 π. - 24.00 π. (75 ™π‘¥ 259 µ—«) πÕ°®“°π’Èæ∫«à“ º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫∑’Ëæ∫®”π«πµ—«¡“°‰¥â·°à º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫™π‘¥ Hypomecis / / costaria Guenee , Omiza lycoraria Guenee , Ectropis bhurmitra Walker, Hypomecis sommereri Sato ·≈– Eois memorata Walker §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ߪ√‘¡“≥πÈ”Ωπ·≈–Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ °—∫®”π«π™π‘¥·≈–®”π«πµ—«√«¡ º≈°“√»÷°…“æ∫«à“‰¡à¡’ §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫®”π«π™π‘¥·≈–®”π«πµ—«√«¡¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫ „π¢≥–∑’ËÕÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å„π‡™‘ß∫«°°—∫ ®”π«πµ—«¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫„π«ß»å¬àÕ¬ Ennominae ·≈– Geometrinae (P<0.01, r = 0.89 ·≈– 0.96 µ“¡≈”¥—∫) s ”À√—∫°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫µ“¡ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈ æ∫«à“®”π«π™π‘¥·≈–®”π«πµ—«√«¡√–À«à“߃¥Ÿ·≈âß·≈–ƒ¥ŸΩπ ‰¡à¡’§«“¡·µ°µà“ß°—π º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫®—¥Õ¬Ÿà„π«ß»å Geometridae ‡ªìπ doptera ‡ªìπº’‡ ◊ÈÕ°≈“ߧ◊π∑’Ë¡’¢π“¥‡≈Á°®π∂÷ß¢π“¥°≈“ß «ß»åÀπ÷Ëß∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õß™π‘¥¡“°„πÕ—π¥—∫ Lepi- µ—«ÀπÕπ¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫¡’≈—°…≥–‡¥àπ§◊Õ ª√–°Õ∫ «. ߢ≈“π§√‘π∑√å «∑∑. º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫¢Õ߇¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“Œ“≈“-∫“≈“ π√“∏‘«“ ªï∑’Ë 26 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ¡’.§.-‡¡.¬. 2547 199 »ÿ¿ƒ°…å «—≤π ‘∑∏‘Ï ·≈–§≥– ¥â«¬¢“‡∑’¬¡ 2 À√◊Õ 3 §Ÿà ¡’°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˇªìπ·∫∫§◊∫§≈“π sacharlis (F) ·≈– Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) ¡’®”π«π ®÷ß¡’™◊ËÕ‡√’¬°µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ geometer, measuring worm, ª√–™“°√‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ¡“°„π™à«ßƒ¥ŸΩπ geometrid moth À√◊Õ inchworm (Common, 1970; ªí®®—¬∑“ß°“¬¿“æ‚¥¬‡©æ“–ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”Ωπ∑’Ë¡’º≈ Little, 1972) º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫¡’∫∑∫“∑∑’Ë ”§—≠„π√–∫∫ µàÕ§«“¡™ÿ°™ÿ¡¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕ°≈“ߧ◊𠇙àπ ‡¡◊ËÕª√‘¡“≥πÈ”Ωπ 𑇫» ‡™à𠇪ìπµ—«™à«¬º ¡‡° √¢Õßæ◊™ (Nagamitsu and ¡“°®–∑”„À⧫“¡™ÿ°™ÿ¡¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕ°≈“ߧ◊π™π‘¥ Spodop- Inoue, 1997) ·≈–¬—߇ªìπ°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë„™â‡ªìπ¥—™π’«—¥§«“¡Õÿ¥¡ tera exempta ·≈– Heliothis zea ≈¥πâÕ¬≈ß ·≈–§«“¡ ¡∫Ÿ√≥åÀ√◊Õ§«“¡‡ ◊ËÕ¡‚∑√¡¢Õß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ (bioindicator) ™ÿ°™ÿ¡‡æ‘Ë¡¡“°¢÷Èπ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”ΩπµË”Ê (Speight et al., ‰¥â‡æ√“–¡’°“√µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕßªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß 1999) ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—∫º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫¢Õß¡“‡≈‡´’¬ ´÷Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡·≈–ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈‰¥âÕ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á« (Holloway, 1985 Intachat ·≈–§≥– (2001) æ∫«à“„π‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë¡’ª√‘¡“≥ and 1998) πÈ”ΩππâÕ¬®–æ∫§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫‡æ‘Ë¡ º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫¡’°“√·æ√à°√–®“¬‰ª∑—Ë«∑ÿ°æ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’Ë¡’ ¡“°¢÷Èπ ¢≥–∑’Ë¡≈±≈ (2544) æ∫«à“„π‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë¡’ª√‘¡“≥ æ◊™Õ“À“√ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–„πªÉ“¥‘∫™◊Èπ´÷Ëß¡’§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬™π‘¥ πÈ”ΩππâÕ¬®–æ∫º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫¢Õ߇¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“ æ◊™¡“° ‡™àπ ∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥‡°“–∫Õ√å‡π’¬«„πª√–‡∑»¡“‡≈‡´’¬ ‚µπß“™â“ßπâÕ¬µ“¡‰ª¥â«¬ ”√«®æ∫º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 1,064 ™π‘¥ (Holloway, ”À√—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘‡ªìπªí®®—¬∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ ”§—≠µàÕ°“√ 1993, 1996 and 1997) ∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥‡¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“ ‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ °“√«“߉¢à °“√°‘πÕ“À“√ ·≈–°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå Lanjak - Entimau „π√—∞´“√“«—§ æ∫º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫ ¢Õß·¡≈ß (Rosmoser and Stoffolano, 1994; Gullan ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 255 ™π‘¥ (Chey, 2000) „πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ Sato and Cranston, 1994; Young, 1982) àߺ≈„Àâ®”π«π (1991, 1995) ‰¥â∑”°“√»÷°…“º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫„πÀ≈“¬ ª√–™“°√¢Õß·¡≈߇æ‘Ë¡¢÷ÈπÀ√◊Õ≈¥≈߉¥â ‡™àπ∑’ˇ¢µ√—°…“ ®—ßÀ«—¥¢Õ߉∑¬‚¥¬‡©æ“–∑’ˇ™’¬ß„À¡àæ∫™π‘¥„À¡à¢Õß‚≈° æ—π∏ÿå —µ«å‚µπß“™â“ß Boonvanno ·≈–§≥– (2000) ‰¡àæ∫ 4 ™π‘¥ ”À√—∫„π¿“§„µâ¢Õ߉∑¬π—Èπ ®ÿ±“¡“ ·≈– §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß®”π«π™π‘¥·≈–®”π«πµ—«√«¡¢Õß §≥– (2542) ·≈– ¡≥±≈ (2544) ‰¥â∑”°“√»÷°…“º’‡ ◊ÈÕ º’‡ ◊ÈÕ°≈“ß«—π°—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ ¢≥–∑’Ë¡≈±≈ (2544) æ∫«à“ ÀπÕπ§◊∫∑’ˇ¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“‚µπß“™â“ß ®. ߢ≈“ ‚¥¬ ®”π«π™π‘¥·≈–®”π«πµ—«√«¡¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫≈¥≈߇¡◊ËÕ ®ÿ±“¡“ ·≈–§≥– (2542) √“¬ß“π«à“Õ“®‡ªìπ™π‘¥„À¡à∂÷ß Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ Ÿß¢÷Èπ 7 ™π‘¥∑’ˉ¥â∑”°“√ ”√«® ”À√—∫°“√ ”√«®¿“¬À≈—ߢÕß ®–‡ÀÁπ‰¥â«à“ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈·≈–ªí®®—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ àߺ≈ ¡≥±≈ (2544) æ∫º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 123 ™π‘¥ °√–∑∫∑—Èß∑“ßµ√ß·≈–∑“ßÕâÕ¡µàÕ§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õß ”À√—∫§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫„π‡¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫ ¥—ßπ—Èπ«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå¢Õß°“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È —µ«åªÉ“Œ“≈“-∫“≈“ ¬—߉¡à‡§¬¡’√“¬ß“π°“√»÷°…“¡“°àÕπ ‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“∂÷ߧ«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫ ·≈–º≈ ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßªí®®—¬°“¬¿“æ ¢Õ߃¥Ÿ°“≈·≈–ªí®®—¬°“¬¿“æ∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕº’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫ µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”Ωπ Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ §«“¡™◊Èπ —¡æ—∑∏å ¢Õ߇¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“Œ“≈“-∫“≈“ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈æ◊Èπ∞“𠇪ìπµâπ ´÷Ëßªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π’È àߺ≈°√–∑∫µàÕ°“√·æ√à°√–®“¬ „π°“√Õπÿ√—°…å·≈–®—¥°“√æ◊Èπ∑’˪ɓ‰¡âµàÕ‰ª„πÕ𓧵 ®”π«π™π‘¥·≈–§«“¡™ÿ°™ÿ¡¢Õß·¡≈ß„πÀ≈“¬Ê °≈ÿà¡ √«¡ ∑—Èß°≈ÿࡺ’‡ ◊Èե⫬ (Vane - Wright et al., 1984; Samways, «‘∏’°“√»÷°…“ 1994) ‡™àπ º’‡ ◊ÈÕ°≈“ߧ◊π„π«ß»å Pyralidae ¡’®”π«π ™π‘¥·≈–®”π«πµ—«‡æ‘Ë¡¡“°¢÷Èπ„π™à«ßƒ¥Ÿ√âÕπ ¢≥–∑’˺’‡ ◊ÈÕ æ◊Èπ∑’Ë»÷°…“ °≈“ߧ◊π„π«ß»å Geometridae ¡’®”π«π™π‘¥·≈–®”π«π ªÉ“∫“≈“ ‡ªìπªÉ“¥‘∫™◊Èπ´÷ËßÕ¬Ÿà„π‡¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«å µ—«≈¥≈ß„π™à«ßƒ¥Ÿ√âÕπ (Ito et al., 1997) πÕ°®“°π’È ªÉ“Œ“≈“-∫“≈“ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬æ◊Èπ∑’˪ɓª√–¡“≥ 105,625 ‰√à Bosque ·≈–§≥– (1990) √“¬ß“π«à“º’‡ ◊ÈÕ°≈“ߧ◊π„π«ß»å ≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‚¥¬‰ª‡ªìπ¿Ÿ‡¢“ Ÿß™—π ≈—°…≥–¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“»¢Õß Pyralidae ™π‘¥ Diatraea lineolata (Walker), D. ªÉ“∫“≈“¡’ 2 ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈ §◊Õ ƒ¥ŸΩπ·≈–ƒ¥Ÿ√âÕπ ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”Ωπ Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. Geometrid moths in Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Narathiwat Vol. 26 No. 2 Mar.-Apr. 2004 200 Watanasit, S., et al. ¡“°°«à“ 2,500 ¡¡/ªï Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘‡©≈’ˬª√–¡“≥ 28 oC °“√‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ·≈–§«“¡™◊Èπ —¡æ—∑∏剡àµË”°«à“ 60% —ߧ¡æ◊™ “¡“√∂ °”Àπ¥®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß 3 ®ÿ¥ (®ÿ¥∑’Ë 1 Õ¬Ÿà∑’Ëæ‘°—¥ ·∫àßÕÕ°‰¥â‡ªìπ 3 ª√–‡¿∑ ‰¥â·°à —ߧ¡æ◊™ªÉ“¥‘∫™◊Èπ„π 47N0814377 ®ÿ¥∑’Ë 2 Õ¬Ÿà∑’Ëæ‘°—¥ 47N0814464 ·≈–®ÿ¥ √–¥—∫µË” (tropical lowland rainforest) ¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà∑’Ë√–¥—∫ ∑’Ë 3 Õ¬Ÿà∑’Ëæ‘°—¥ 47N08145478) ∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–„°≈⇧’¬ß°—𠧫“¡ ŸßµË”°«à“ 1,000 ‡¡µ√ ®“°√–¥—∫πÈ”∑–‡≈ —ߧ¡æ◊™ ·µà≈–®ÿ¥Àà“ß°—πª√–¡“≥ 200 ‡¡µ√ (Figure 1) ∑”°“√ ªÉ“¥‘∫‡¢“ (lower montane rainforest) æ∫°√–®“¬∑—Ë«‰ª ‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫¥â«¬°—∫¥—°· ߉ø (black µ—Èß·µà 1,000 ‡¡µ√ ‡Àπ◊Õ√–¥—∫πÈ”∑–‡≈¢÷Èπ‰ª ·≈– —ߧ¡ light) ∑’Ë¡’°”≈—ß àÕß «à“ß 12 ‚«≈µå „™â·À≈àß°”‡π‘¥‰øøÑ“ æ◊™ªÉ“‡¢“À‘πªŸπ (vegetation over limestone hill) ‚¥¬ ®“°∂à“π‰ø©“¬ 1.5 ‚«≈µå ®”π«π 8 °âÕπ ∑’˵‘¥µ—È߉«â„π æ∫∑’˧«“¡ Ÿß‡Àπ◊Õ√–¥—∫πÈ”∑–‡≈ 500 - 700 ‡¡µ√ (™«≈‘µ, ºâ“¡ÿâߧ≈⓬°√¥æ√–∏ÿ¥ß§å ‚¥¬µ‘¥µ—Èß°—∫¥—°· ߉ø 1 °—∫¥—°/ 2543) æ◊Èπ∑’Ë 1 ∫√‘‡«≥ ‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ߺ’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫∑’Ë¡“‡≈àπ· ß °“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È¥”‡π‘π°“√«‘®—¬„πªÉ“¥‘∫™◊Èπæ◊Èπ∑’Ë√“∫ ‰ø´÷Ëß®–‡°“–Õ¬Ÿà¢â“ߺⓡÿâß∑ÿ°Ê 2 ™—Ë«‚¡ß ‚¥¬‡√‘Ë¡µ—Èß·µà ‡«≈“ µË” ∑’Ë√–¥—∫§«“¡ ŸßµË”°«à“ 200 ‡¡µ√ ®“°√–¥—∫πÈ”∑–‡≈ 18.00 π.
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