Jahresber. 05
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Forest Health & Biosecurity Working Papers OVERVIEW OF FOREST PESTS INDONESIA January 2007 Forest Resources Development Service Working Paper FBS/19E Forest Management Division FAO, Rome, Italy Forestry Department Overview of forest pests - Indonesia DISCLAIMER The aim of this document is to give an overview of the forest pest1 situation in Indonesia. It is not intended to be a comprehensive review. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. © FAO 2007 1 Pest: Any species, strain or biotype of plant, animal or pathogenic agent injurious to plants or plant products (FAO, 2004). ii Overview of forest pests - Indonesia TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1 Forest pests...................................................................................................................... 1 Naturally regenerating forests..................................................................................... 1 Insects ..................................................................................................................... 1 Diseases.................................................................................................................. -
Mimicry - Ecology - Oxford Bibliographies 12/13/12 7:29 PM
Mimicry - Ecology - Oxford Bibliographies 12/13/12 7:29 PM Mimicry David W. Kikuchi, David W. Pfennig Introduction Among nature’s most exquisite adaptations are examples in which natural selection has favored a species (the mimic) to resemble a second, often unrelated species (the model) because it confuses a third species (the receiver). For example, the individual members of a nontoxic species that happen to resemble a toxic species may dupe any predators by behaving as if they are also dangerous and should therefore be avoided. In this way, adaptive resemblances can evolve via natural selection. When this phenomenon—dubbed “mimicry”—was first outlined by Henry Walter Bates in the middle of the 19th century, its intuitive appeal was so great that Charles Darwin immediately seized upon it as one of the finest examples of evolution by means of natural selection. Even today, mimicry is often used as a prime example in textbooks and in the popular press as a superlative example of natural selection’s efficacy. Moreover, mimicry remains an active area of research, and studies of mimicry have helped illuminate such diverse topics as how novel, complex traits arise; how new species form; and how animals make complex decisions. General Overviews Since Henry Walter Bates first published his theories of mimicry in 1862 (see Bates 1862, cited under Historical Background), there have been periodic reviews of our knowledge in the subject area. Cott 1940 was mainly concerned with animal coloration. Subsequent reviews, such as Edmunds 1974 and Ruxton, et al. 2004, have focused on types of mimicry associated with defense from predators. -
º'‡ Èõàπõπ§ ∫ (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) ¢Õ߇¢Μ√—°…“Æ
π‘æπ∏åµâπ©∫—∫ º’‡ ◊ÈÕÀπÕπ§◊∫ (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) ¢Õ߇¢µ√—°…“æ—π∏ÿå —µ«åªÉ“ Œ“≈“-∫“≈“ ®—ßÀ«—¥π√“∏‘«“ »ÿ¿ƒ°…å «—≤π ‘∑∏‘Ï 1 ™—¬«—≤πå ª√–¡«≈2 ÿ√‰°√ ‡æ‘Ë¡§”3 ·≈– »‘√‘æ√ ∑ÕßÕ“√’¬å 4 Abstract Watanasit, S.1, Pramual, C.1, Permkam, S.2, and Thong-Aree, S.3 Geometrid moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Narathiwat Province Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol., 2004, 26(2) : 197-210 The purpose of this research was to investigate the species diversity and abundance of geometrid moths in tropical rain forest of Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary (< 200 meters above sea level), Narathiwat Province, southern Thailand. Field data were collected every 2 months from July 2001 to July 2002. Three light traps were placed 200 meters apart. Moths were collected every 2 hours between 18.00 - 24.00 pm for 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 2Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resourecs, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, 3Peat Swamp Hala-Bala Research Station, Narathiwat, 96160 Thailand. 1«∑.¡. ( —µ««‘∑¬“) √Õß»“ µ√“®“√¬å 2«∑.¡. (𑇫»«‘∑¬“) π—°»÷°…“ ¿“§«‘™“™’««‘∑¬“ §≥–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 3Ph.D. (Entomology) √Õß»“ µ√“®“√¬å ¿“§«‘™“°“√®—¥°“√»—µ√Ÿæ◊™ §≥–∑√—欓°√∏√√¡™“µ‘ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ߢ≈“π§√‘π∑√å Õ”‡¿ÕÀ“¥„À≠à ®—ßÀ«—¥ ߢ≈“ 90112 4«∑.¡. (™’««‘∑¬“ªÉ“‰¡â) π—°«‘™“°“√ ∂“π’«‘®—¬ —µ«åªÉ“ ªÉ“æ√ÿªÉ“Œ“≈“-∫“≈“ 96160 π√“∏‘«“ Corresponding e-mail : [email protected] √—∫µâπ©∫—∫ 10 µÿ≈“§¡ 2546 √—∫≈ßæ‘¡æå 18 µÿ≈“§¡ 2546 Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. Geometrid moths in Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Narathiwat Vol. 26 No. 2 Mar.-Apr. 2004 198 Watanasit, S., et al. 3 consecutive nights. Seven hundred and fifty six individuals of geometrid moths comprising 5 subfamilies, 17 tribes, 67 genera and 129 species were collected and identified. -
Similarities and Contrasts in the Local Insect Faunas Associated with Ten Forest Tree Species of New Guinea!
Pacific Science (1996), vol. 50, no. 2: 157-183 © 1996 by University of Hawai'i Press. All rights reserved Similarities and Contrasts in the Local Insect Faunas Associated with Ten Forest Tree Species of New Guinea! YVES BASSET,z,3 G. A. SAMUELSON, 2 AND S. E. MILLER 2 ABSTRACT: Insect faunas associated with 10 tree species growing in a sub montane area in Papua New Guinea are described and compared. In total, 75,000 insects were collected on these trees during the day and night by hand collecting, beating, branch clipping, intercept flight traps, and pyrethrum knock down over a l-yr period. Association of chewing insects with the hosts was in ferred from feeding trials. Characteristics of the fauna associated with each tree species are briefly outlined, with an emphasis on chewing insects. Four subsets of data, of decreasing affinity with the host, were analyzed by canonical corre spondence and cluster analyses: (1) specialist leaf-chewers, (2) proven leaf chewers, (3) all herbivores (including transient leaf-chewers and sap-suckers), and (4) all insects (including nonherbivore categories). Analyses of similarity between tree species were performed using number of either species or in dividuals within insect families. Analyses using number ofindividuals appeared more robust than those using number of species, because transient herbivore species artificially inflated the level of similarity between tree species. Thus, it is recommended that number of individuals be used in analyses of this type, par ticularly when the association of insects with their putative host has not been ascertained. Not unexpectedly, the faunal similarity of tree species increased along the sequence (1)-(2)-(3)-(4). -
Moth Diversity at Sebangau Peat Swamp and Busang River Secondary Rain Forest, Central Kalimantan
Hayati, September 2005, hlm. 121-126 Vol. 12, No. 3 ISSN 0854-8587 CATATAN PENELITIAN Moth Diversity at Sebangau Peat Swamp and Busang River Secondary Rain Forest, Central Kalimantan HARI SUTRISNO Entomological Laboratory, Zoological Division, Research Center for Biology, Jalan Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911 Tel. + 62-21-8765056, Fax. + 62-21-876568, Email: [email protected] Diterima 12 April 2005/Disetujui 7 Juli 2005 A study on the diversity of moths was conducted from July to Augustus 2004 at the peat swamp forest Setya Alam research station, Sebangau, Central Kalimantan. The result showed that diversity of moths at this area was lower (100 species of 12 families; H’ = 6.643, E = 0.794) than that in secondary rain forest Busang River (278 species of 19 families; H’ = 8.139, E = 0.831). The result also showed that the similarity index (Cj) of the two areas was very low (0.05). Geometridae, Noctuidae, and Pyralidae were dominant in both areas. There might be more species that have not been found during eight night sampling as indicated by the species numbers in both areas has not reach a plateau. ___________________________________________________________________________ It is well known that Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies, is Sumatra and published in a series book of Heterocera the most divers group among insect groups after beetles and Sumatrana. Holloway (1987) conducted studies in Sulawesi Hymenoptera (Gullan & Cranston 1995; Kristensen 1999). It and Seram Islands with focused on macrolepidoptera. has been estimated that the world fauna of Lepidoptera Therefore, all these efforts are still needed to be continued to numbers more than 160,000 species and more than 90% of cover all diversity of Indonesian moths. -
Alkaloids – Secrets of Life
ALKALOIDS – SECRETS OF LIFE ALKALOID CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE, APPLICATIONS AND ECOLOGICAL ROLE This page intentionally left blank ALKALOIDS – SECRETS OF LIFE ALKALOID CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE, APPLICATIONS AND ECOLOGICAL ROLE Tadeusz Aniszewski Associate Professor in Applied Botany Senior Lecturer Research and Teaching Laboratory of Applied Botany Faculty of Biosciences University of Joensuu Joensuu Finland Amsterdam • Boston • Heidelberg • London • New York • Oxford • Paris San Diego • San Francisco • Singapore • Sydney • Tokyo Elsevier Radarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK First edition 2007 Copyright © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: [email protected]. Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation -
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
SMITUSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS 270 CATALOGUE OF THE DESCRIBED D I P T E R A NORTH AMERICA. BY C. R. OSTEN SACKEN. [second edition.] WASHINGTON: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 18Y8. 1 i I I ADVERTISEMENT. I The present work was undertaken by Baron C. R. Osten Sacken, of Russia, as a revision and extension of a Catalogue I of Diptera prepared by him twenty years ago, and published by the Smithsonian Institution in Volume III. of its Miscellaneous Collections. It is, however, not merely a new edition of the volume in question, but an entirely new work, constituting a valuable contribution to our knowledge of the entomology of Xorth America. SPENCER F. BAIRD, Secretary Smithsonian Institution. Washington, October, 1878. (iii) ( I P E E F A C E. The aim of this work requires no explanation. A complete inventory of a branch of entomological science, at a given- moment of its existence, is the best means for promoting its ad- vancement. Nor does the imperfection of a publication of this kind require an apology; any fair-minded reader is aware that the chief merit to be expected is completeness, and that whenever this is fairly attained, the usefulness of the work will far sur- pass its shortcomings. It remains for me therefore, only to ex- plain the rules that I have followed in preparing this Catalogue. Relation of the peesent catalogue to that of 1858. The first Catalogue of North American Diptera, published by me twenty years ago , was , and was meant to be , merely a com- pilation of the existing literature on the subject. -
A Molecular Phylogeny of the Palaearctic and O.Pdf
CSIRO PUBLISHING Invertebrate Systematics, 2017, 31, 427–441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/IS17005 A molecular phylogeny of the Palaearctic and Oriental members of the tribe Boarmiini (Lepidoptera : Geometridae : Ennominae) Nan Jiang A,D, Xinxin Li A,B,D, Axel Hausmann C, Rui Cheng A, Dayong Xue A and Hongxiang Han A,E AKey Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. BUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 China. CSNSB – Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstraße 21, Munich 81247, Germany. DThese authors contributed equally to this work. ECorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Owing to the high species diversity and the lack of a modern revision, the phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Boarmiini remain largely unexplored. In this study, we reconstruct the first molecular phylogeny of the Palaearctic and Oriental members of Boarmiini, and infer the relationships among tribes within the ‘boarmiine’ lineage. One mitochondrial (COI) and four nuclear (EF-1a, CAD, RpS5, GAPDH) genes for 56 genera and 96 species of Boarmiini mostly from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions were included in the study. Analyses of Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood recovered largely congruent results. The monophyly of Boarmiini is supported by our results. Seven clades and seven subclades within Boarmiini were found. The molecular results coupled with morphological studies suggested the synonymisation of Zanclopera Warren, 1894, syn. nov. with Krananda Moore, 1868. The following new combinations are proposed: Krananda straminearia (Leech, 1897) (comb. nov.), Krananda falcata (Warren, 1894) (comb. -
Nuevos Táxones Animales Descritos En La Península Manuela Guerrero, Soledad Moreno, Adelaida Orbiso Y Ibérica Y Macaronesia Entre 1994 Y 1997 Mª Olga Sánchez
Graellsia, 51: 163-215 (1996) NOTICIA DE NUEVOS TÁXONES PARA LA CIENCIA EN EL ÁMBITO ÍBERO-BALEAR Y MACARONÉSICO Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la Península Manuela Guerrero, Soledad Moreno, Adelaida Orbiso y Ibérica y Macaronesia entre 1994 y 1997 Mª Olga Sánchez. Importante, sin ninguna duda, ha sido asimismo la contribución de la Sociedad Española de José FERNÁNDEZ Malacología, cuya biblioteca siempre ha estado a nuestro Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, C.S.I.C. José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2. 28006. Madrid. alcance gracias a la amabilidad de su bibliotecario, Rafael Araujo. Debemos mencionar, especialmente, la ayuda de José Templado, quién “buceó” en la biblioteca del Esta contribución es, por un lado, continuación de Instituto Español de Oceanografía en busca de referen- una similar aparecida en el volumen anterior, y, por otro, cias, principalmente de organismos marinos. No sería un intento de ampliación a todos los grupos animales, ya honesto olvidar a todos aquellos investigadores, naciona- que aparentemente el llamamiento efectuado desde las les y extranjeros, que han tenido a bien enviarnos copias páginas del volumen antes citado no ha parecido tener de contribuciones propias y ajenas, o nos han ofrecido su una buena acogida. A pesar de todo, reiteramos dicho lla- colaboración en cualquier forma (se relacionan por orden mamiento y proponemos, como solución alternativa, que alfabético): Miguel Ángel Alonso Zarazaga, Miguel los autores de nuevos táxones envíen a la secretaría de Carles-Tolrá, Miguel Escuer, Ana Isabel Fernández Graellsia una separata (o fotocopia) de sus trabajos; así, Perdices, Mario García París, Damià Jaume, J.H. Martin, además de poder elaborar estas notas con mayor facili- Carolina Martín Albaladejo, Juan Manuel Nieto Nafría, dad, podremos ir formando una pequeña biblioteca. -
Macro Moths of Tinsukia District, Assam: a JEZS 2017; 5(6): 1612-1621 © 2017 JEZS Provisional Inventory Received: 10-09-2017 Accepted: 11-10-2017
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(6): 1612-1621 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Macro moths of Tinsukia district, Assam: A JEZS 2017; 5(6): 1612-1621 © 2017 JEZS provisional inventory Received: 10-09-2017 Accepted: 11-10-2017 Subhasish Arandhara Subhasish Arandhara, Suman Barman, Rubul Tanti and Abhijit Boruah Upor Ubon Village, Kakopather, Tinsukia, Assam, India Abstract Suman Barman This list reports 333 macro moth species for the Tinsukia district of Assam, India. The moths were Department of Wildlife Sciences, captured by light trapping as well as by opportunistic sighting across 37 sites in the district for a period of Gauhati University, Assam, three years from 2013-2016. Identification was based on material and visual examination of the samples India with relevant literature and online databases. The list includes the family, subfamily, tribes, scientific name, the author and year of publication of description for each identified species. 60 species in this Rubul Tanti inventory remain confirmed up to genus. Department of Wildlife Biology, A.V.C. College, Tamil Nadu, Keywords: Macro moths, inventory, Lepidoptera, Tinsukia, Assam India Introduction Abhijit Boruah Upor Ubon Village, Kakopather, The order Lepidoptera, a major group of plant-eating insects and thus, from the agricultural Tinsukia, Assam, India and forestry point of view they are of immense importance [1]. About 134 families comprising 157, 000 species of living Lepidoptera, including the butterflies has been documented globally [2], holding around 17% of the world's known insect fauna. Estimates, however, suggest more species in the order [3]. Naturalists for convenience categorised moths into two informal groups, the macro moths having larger physical size and recency in evolution and micro moths [4] that are smaller in size and primitive in origin . -
Plant Finding Behavior by Insects and Biological
PLANT FINDING BEHAVIOR OF PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF AQUATIC PLANTS A dissertation submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Justin L. Reeves December 2010 Dissertation written by Justin L. Reeves B.A., Western State College of Colorado, 2006 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2010 Approved by Patrick D. Lorch , Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Mark W. Kershner , Members, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Ferenc A. de Szalay _ Marilyn A. Norconk _ Accepted by James L. Blank , Chair, Department of Biological Sciences John R. D. Stalvey , Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES………………………………………………….…………………...vi LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………………...viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS………………………………………………………….……..x CHAPTER I. Introduction………………………………………………………….….…1 II. Biological control of invasive aquatic and wetland plants by arthropods: a meta-analysis of data from the last three decades…………...………..…9 Abstract…………………………………………………………....9 Introduction .………………………………………………….….10 Methods…………………………………………………………..13 Literature Search…………………………………………13 Data Extraction…………………………………………..14 Analyses………………………………………………….18 Results…………………………………………………………....22 Discussion ...………...…………………………………………..31 Acknowledgments ……………………………………………….37 References………………………………………………………..38 III. Biological control of Eurasian watermilfoil by Euhrychiopsis lecontei: assessing efficacy and timing of sampling……………………………….47 Abstract…………………………………………………………..47 -
Impacts of Climate Warming on Range Shifts With
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE WARMING ON RANGE SHIFTS WITH EMPHASIS ON TROPICAL MOUNTAINS Thesis submitted by I CHING CHEN For examination for the degree of PhD University of York Department of Biology January 2011 ABSTRACT Climate warming induced range shifts are evident globally for a wide range of taxonomic groups. However, whether such responses have taken place in tropical insect species is unclear. I provided the first such evidence that tropical insects have moved uphill over four decades of climate warming. I repeated a historical moth transect on Mount Kinabalu in Borneo in 2007, 42-years after the original survey in 1965. I duplicated the 1965 sampling strategy in 2007, and excluded sites where habitat changes were evident. I estimated that the average elevation of 102 montane moth species, in the family Geometridae, increased by a mean of 67 m. A sub-group of species retreated their upper boundaries, which may be associated with cloud cover changes and the presence of geological / vegetation transitions. Without these constraints, most species expanded their upper boundaries upwards (by an average of 152 m) more than they retreated at their lower boundaries (77 m), indicating that different ecological mechanisms may predominate in leading and trailing edge populations. Declines of local endemic species, ecological barriers constraining uphill movements, disappearing climate types and a decreasing area of land at higher elevations are the major concerns for conservation. Research of biodiversity risk under warming is urgently required in Southeast Asia. I conducted a meta-analysis of range shifts representing ~1700 species worldwide. The average rate of elevational range shift was 12.2 m/decade uphill, and latitudinal shifts averaged 17.6 km/decade poleward.