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THE TM 911 Franklin Street Weekly Newspaper Michigan City, IN 46360 Volume 24, Number 13 Thursday, April 3, 2008 Carnegie Libraries Enrich State of Indiana by William F. Keefe The La Porte County Public Library became a brilliant gleam in the philanthropic eye of industrialist Andrew Carnegie on March 31, 1916. On that date Carnegie formally approved a grant of $27,500 for the library’s construction. La Porte was on the way to joining a virtual forest of Carnegie-funded libraries that were springing up in all parts of the state. Before Carnegie’s death in 1919 the forest would see 164 separate libraries operating in 155 Indiana communities. Because of their size and demonstrated need, four Indiana communities received grants for the construction of more than one “temple of wisdom.” The four included East Chicago, Evansville, Gary and Indianapolis. Among the applicant towns in northwest Indiana that benefi ted from Carnegie’s munifi cence were Gary, Mishawaka, North Judson and Westville. With its 164 Carnegie libraries, Indiana led all its sister states in the to- tal number of such buildings. Michigan City had no gift library – probably because the city did not, for whatever reasons, apply for a Carnegie library grant. The La Porte library succeeded an earlier structure that had been built in 1876. Located at 805 Maple Avenue, that institution operated partly or mainly as a kind of adjunct to a local business college. A camera-shy Andrew Carnegie had his The city school board, according to the current library’s own history bro- picture taken on an unspecifi ed date. (Photo courtesy Alan McPherson) chure, took over the Maple Avenue building in 1897 and ran it as a true public library. “By 1915,” notes the history, “circulation had jumped to almost 52,000 volumes per year and more space was a necessity. Successful application was made to the Carnegie Foundation for funds to erect a new library building, and in 1920 the new library opened its doors at the corner of Indiana and Maple Avenues. In 1939, library service was extended by contract to county residents…” Libraries Continued on Page 2 Built in 1876, La Porte’s fi rst library building was located at 805 Maple Avenue. (Photo courtesy La Porte County Public Library) Twenty years after it opened its doors, La Porte’s fi rst library building underwent a substan- tial enlargement. The address of the 1896 structure remained 805 Maple. (Photo courtesy La Porte County Public Library) 1876 1896 THE Page 2 April 3, 2008 THE 911 Franklin Street • Michigan City, IN 46360 219/879-0088 • FAX 219/879-8070 In Case Of Emergency, Dial e-mail: News/Articles - [email protected] email: Classifieds - [email protected] http://www.thebeacher.com/ PRINTED WITH Published and Printed by TM Trademark of American Soybean Association THE BEACHER BUSINESS PRINTERS Delivered weekly, free of charge to Birch Tree Farms, Duneland Beach, Grand Beach, Hidden 911 Shores, Long Beach, Michiana Shores, Michiana MI and Shoreland Hills. The Beacher is also Subscription Rates delivered to public places in Michigan City, New Buffalo, LaPorte and Sheridan Beach. 1 year $38 6 months $21 3 months $13 1 month $6.50 Libraries Continued from Page 1 His charitable turn of mind began to surface in the late 1860s when Carnegie wrote a “memoran- The Man Behind the Buildings dum” to himself, one that his biographers quote. In an age when “self-made men” were the heroes “Thirty-three years old and an income of $50,000 of both life and literature in an expanding United per annum,” he wrote. “But the amassing of wealth States, Andrew Carnegie became a paragon of fi - is one of the worst species of idolatry. There is no nancial wizardry. Born in Dunfermline, Scotland in idol more debasing…” 1835, he emigrated with his parents to Pittsburgh He intended, he added, to take “a part in pub- in 1946. lic matters, especially those connected with educa- tion and the improvement of the poorer classes.” For more than 30 years after writing his memoran- dum Carnegie was unable to leave his spectacularly growing businesses. But he never forgot his determination to contrib- ute to the public welfare. As he wrote in his autobi- ography, he selected libraries as his favorite bene- factions. He made that selection from a list of seven that he carefully enumerated: “Universities, libraries, medical centers, public parks, meeting and concert halls, public baths, and churches.” His fi rst library grant went to Allegheny, Penn- sylvania in 1886. Those funds marked the begin- ning of what Carnegie called the “retail” period of his philanthropy. It lasted until 1898; two years later he began the “wholesale” period. Carnegie was born in this house in Dunfermline, Scotland on Nov. 25, Over the 10-year period beginning in 1886 Carn- 1835, the son of a weaver. egie donated $1,860,868 for 14 buildings in six com- To help his parents make ends meet he took a munities in the United States. Between 1898 and beginner’s job in a cotton mill. 1919 his grants totaled $39,172,981 for libraries in That fi rst job paid Carnegie $1.20 per week. As 1,406 American communities. later proved to be a habit, he moved soon to a bet- ter-paying job. While still young, Andrew uniformly impressed employers and mentors with his extraordinary ap- titude, memory, and energy. But when his father, a weaver persisting in a dying trade, found himself out of work, young Andrew learned what poverty was. Employed in the railroad industry during the Civil War (1861-1865), he served as the “right-hand bower” of the man who supervised military rail transportation for the Union armies. In those years he noticed that the industrial uses of iron were in- creasing rapidly. After the war, sensing new oppor- tunities, he invested in facilities that could manu- facture steel, the next generation of the iron-steel family. Such facilities were using both the innova- Carnegie and his wife. Taken from a New York Tribune article, tive Bessemer and open-hearth processes. “How to Succeed in Life” published in December, 1903. THE April 3, 2008 Page 3 A Degree of Sophistication Authors who have analyzed the Carnegie library Open ‘til 6 p.m. endowments have concluded generally that the Evenings states that ranked high in the number of grants shared “a degree of library sophistication.” So ad- vantaged, with state library associations and in- dividual communities stressing the educational, cultural, and other benefi ts to be derived from avail- www.littlehousefashions.comElegant Apparel for the able library services, the recipient cities and towns [email protected] Conscious Woman Fashions entered applications for Carnegie grants. Women’s Apparel Applicants were rarely turned down. As one re- searcher notes, “Andrew Carnegie, often referred to as the ‘Patron Saint of Libraries,’ in his lifetime made new libraries available to hundreds of com- munities all over the world. Very few towns which requested such gifts and agreed to his terms were ever refused.” By happy coincidence the free, community-sup- ported public library was becoming an integral part of the civic scene in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Carnegie’s philanthropy was, thus, perfect- ly in tune with the times. La Porte was equally opportunistic in applying for a Carnegie grant during World War I – given the Rainbow Sale reality that the Carnegie Corporation was at that time dispensing library funds with a liberal hand. La Porte’s need-based application came against March 31st-April 5th the background of a local history of deep community interest in public library facilities. “During the win- Each day a color of the rainbow ter of 1834-1835, citizens of La Porte donated mon- will be drawn. ey and sent for books from New York. When they arrived, all overland,” reads the present library’s The color of the day will be 20% Off any brochure, “the books were combined with a few that item with color in the item. the people…had contributed and the city’s fi rst pri- vate lending library was formed. This will apply on regular or sale priced “Its collection of 300 volumes was housed in a cor- ner of the offi ce of John B. Niles, La Porte’s only merchandise. attorney.” In subsequent years the city passed through stag- Each day a new color will be drawn. es of library development that included the Work- Color good for that day only. ing Men’s Institute in 1856; a subscription library launched in 1874 by the La Porte Reading Room No phone calls, no holding merchandise and no and Library Association; construction of the Maple other coupons can be used on this sale. Avenue building in 1876; an 1896 project for remod- eling and enlargement of the ‘76 structure; and fi - nally the Carnegie library. NEW Spring Arriving Daily That building, like its predecessors, attracted so many appreciative users that it too underwent re- New Spring Pendleton now in stock! modeling and enlargement in 1988. (OKA.b )Massage fl ip fl ops “In 1993, the La Porte Public Library merged now in stock! with the La Porte County Contractual Library to form the La Porte County Public Library System. The Main Library, six branches and a bookmobile Lots of Drastically reduced items now serve 17 of the 21 townships in the county.” 50% or more. “The Taste for Reading” Part of the Carnegie legend holds that the steel 409409 Alexander StreetStreet, LaPorte, IN 326-8602 mogul’s father, running a weaver’s shop in Scotland, On Hwy 35 - 5 Blocks South of Lincolnway nearly always detailed one of his helpers to read TurnTurn Rightright on AlexanderAlexander Monday-FridayMonday - Friday 10 am 9:30 to 6 to pm 7 Saturday 99:30 am to to 5 4 pm Libraries Continued on Page 4 THE Page 4 April 3, 2008 Libraries Continued from Page 3 aloud to the worker group.