6.5 X 11 Double Line.P65

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87392-5 - Never Sang for Hitler: The Life and Times of Lotte Lehmann, 1888-1976 Michael H. Kater Index More information

Index

8 [Acht] Uhr-Blatt, Vienna, 56 Auguste Victoria, ex-queen of Portugal, 137 Abessynians, 273 Auguste Viktoria, Empress, 3, 9 Abravanel, Maurice, 207, 259–61, 287, 298 Austrian Honor Cross First Class, 278 Academy Awards, Hollywood, 232, 236 Austrian Republic, 44, 48, 51, 57, 64–66, 77, Adler, Friedrich, 38 85, 94, 97–99, 166, 307–8 Adolph, Paul, 110–11 Austrian State Theaters, 220 Adventures at the Lido, 234 Austrofascism, 94, 166–69, 308 Agfa company, 185 Aida, 266, 276 Bachur, Max, 15, 18–21, 28, 30–31, 33, Albert Hall, London, 117 42–43 Alceste, 269 Baker, Janet, 251 Alda, Frances, 68 Baker, Josephine, 94 Aldrich, Richard, 69 Baklanoff, Georges, 43 Alexander, king of Yugoslavia, 170 Ballin, Albert, 16, 30, 77, 304 Alice in Wonderland, 193 Balogh, Erno,¨ 147–49, 151, 158, 164, Alien Registration Act, 211 180–81 Allen, Fred, 230 Bampton, Rose, 183, 206, 245 Allen, Judith, 253 Banklin oil reﬁnery, Santa Barbara, 212 Althouse, Paul, 174 Barnard College, Columbia University, New Altmeyer, Jeannine, 261 York, 151 Alvin Theater, New York, 204 Barsewisch, Bernhard von, 1, 13, 35, 285, Alwin, Karl, 102, 106–7, 189, 196 298, 302, 319n172, 343n269 American Committee for Christian German Barsewisch, Elisabeth von, nee´ Gans Edle zu Refugees, 211 Putlitz, 13, 82, 285, 295 American Legion, 68 Bartels, Elise, 11, 14 An die ferne Geliebte, 217 Barthou, Louis, 170 Anderson, Bronco Bill, 198 Bartok,´ Bela,´ 147, 151 Anderson, Dame Judith, 262, 284 Basel Opera, 266 Anderson, Marian, 138, 233, 251, 262, 266, Bauer-Schwind, Greta, 189, 216 281 Baum, Vicki, 247 Andrian-Werburg, Baron Leopold von, 43, Bayreuth Festival, 23, 67, 117, 130, 158, 168, 50 173–74, 266, 309 Anfang und Aufstieg, 164 BBC, London, 214, 278 Antheil, George, 247, 260, 309 Becker, Carl, 63 anthroposophy, 282 Beckmann, Max, 17 anti-Semitism, see Jews Beecham Opera Company, London, 24 Apollotheater, Vienna, 94 Beecham, Sir Thomas, 24, 184 Arabella, 98, 103, 108–12, 131, 140, 159, Beer Hall Putsch, 167 175 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 51, 91, 132, 168–69, Ariadne auf Naxos, 14, 22–23, 38–40, 174, 217, 272 43–44, 50, 55, 61, 101, 254, 281, 288 Behrens, Edith, 151, 165, 191, 194 Arianna a Naxos, 251 Bekker, Paul, 56 Armstrong, Louis, 182 Bellezza, Vincenzo, 172 Arnould, Sophie, 5 Bellini, Vincenzo, 13 Arthur Godfrey’s Talent Scouts, 265 Belmont, Eleanor Robson, 149 Astor Hotel, New York, 211, 214 Benny, Jack, 182

381

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87392-5 - Never Sang for Hitler: The Life and Times of Lotte Lehmann, 1888-1976 Michael H. Kater Index More information

382 Index

Berend-Corinth, Charlotte, 241, 243, 290 Briand, Aristide, 119 Berg, Alban, 42, 73, 100, 276, 309, 336n51 Bridgit, 235 Berger, Erna, 184 British Empire Salzburg Society, 169 Berlin Philharmonic, 114–15, 159 Broadway, New York, 257 Berlin Secession, 9, 17, 241. See also ﬁn de Brooklyn Academy of Music, New York, siecle` ; modernism; Viennese Secession 157, 181 Berlin Symphony, 114, 257 Brooklyn Eagle, The, New York, 172 Berliner, Milton (“Tio”), 188, 190–91 Brown, Anne, 204, 206, 244–45, 275 Berlioz, Hector, 52 Brown, Kathy H., 369n33 Bernac, Pierre, 266 Brown, Paola, 275 Bernstein, Eugene, 151 Bruckner, Anton, 53, 93 Biancolli, Louis, 310 Bruder Lustig, 18–19 Bie, Oscar, 56 Brunig,¨ Elisabeth, 6 Bienenfeld, Elsa, 66 Brunton, Paul, 282 Big-City Jews, 83 Brusilov offensive, 38 Big City, The, 235–37 Budapest People’s Opera, 119 Bing, Rudolf, 78, 113, 115, 120–21, 139, Budapest Royal Opera, 119 159, 219–20, 251, 266, 279–81, 283, 287, Bulow,¨ Hans von, 18 291, 301, 339n149 Burgertheater,¨ Vienna, 94 Birkenstrom,¨ Annemarie, 31 Buers, Wilhelm, 26 Bismarck, Otto von, 1, 8, 158 Bumbry, Grace, 255, 262, 264–72, 275, Bittner, Julius, 51–52 278–80, 286–87, 303, 307, 309, 376n240 Bittong, Franz, 18 Burgtheater, Vienna, 50, 80, 83–84, 93, Bizet, Georges, 25, 270 198 Blacher, Boris, 276 Busch, Adolf, 213 blacks, 144, 204, 272–74 Busch, Fritz, 52, 56, 106, 109–10 Blech, Leo, 73, 116, 157 Busch, Grete, 109 Bloch, Ernest, 247 Buys, Jan Brandts, 51 Block, Else, 201 Block, Walter, 201 Cadillac Hour, The,(Cadillac Concert), New Blois, Eustace, 61 York, 132, 150 Blue Angel, The, 146 Cadman, Charles Wakeﬁeld, 180 Bobbs-Merrill publishers, Indianapolis, Caedmon record company, 278 239 Cage, John, 242 Boccaccio, 83 Cal Tech (California Institute of Bockelmann, Rudolf, 285–86 Technology), Pasadena, 258 Bodanzky, Artur, 68, 138, 140, 150, 171, Callas, Maria, 70, 263, 269 173, 175–76 Calve,´ Emma, 295 Boden-Credit-Anstalt, Vienna, 97 Camp Roberts, Paso Robles, California, Bohm,¨ Karl, 110, 276, 287 214–15 Boers, 7 Campo di Maggio, 168 Bogan, Louise, 194 Cardus, Sir Neville, 61, 117 Bohnen, Michael, 24, 51, 74, 142 Carl Lindstrom¨ Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin, 74 Bokor, Margit, 100 Carl-Theater, Vienna, 83 Bollinger, Anne (“Betty”), 207, 245, 258, 291 Carmel Beach Festival, 259 Bonelli, Richard, 247 Carmen, 23, 25, 51, 74, 207, 270 Boosey and Hawkes publishers, New York, Carnegie Hall, New York, 132, 147, 149, 240 227, 229, 232, 266 Boston University, 265 Carnegie, Andrew, 198 Boxer Rebellion, 7 Caruso, Enrico, 18, 35, 43, 45, 67, 69, 193, Brahms, Johannes, 17, 25, 51–52, 133, 169, 294 196, 221, 223, 235, 249, 251, 255, Casa, Lisa della, 251, 338n113 263–64, 275, 303 Cassidy, Claudia, 222, 240, 249, 262, 287 Braille Musician, The, 251 Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Mario, 260 Brailovsky, Alexander, 118 Castle, Terry, 294 Braunfels, Walter, 52 Castle-Westervelt, Caroline, 135 Brecher, Gustav, 18–19, 21, 26, 28, 31–33, Castor et Pollux, 5 56, 59, 111, 123, 294, 308 Cate School for Boys, Carpinteria, Breitner Verlag, Vienna, 238 California, 247 Bremen, 127, 145, 239, 289 CBE, 283 Brentano, Antonie, 217 CBS, New York, 265, 292 Breslau Opera, 100 Central Opera Service, New York, 251

Index 383

Chaliapin, Fyodor, 69, 119, 149, 183 Dante Alighieri, 2 Challis, Bennett, 26 Das Heimchen am Herd, 27 Charpentier, Gustave, 60 Das Rheingold, 19, 96, 102 Chase, Pearl, 246 Das Wunder der Heliane, 91–92, 95, 124, Chevalley, Heinrich, 19, 28, 59 305 Chicago Opera, 71, 137–39, 142–46, 177, Davenport, Marcia, 88, 135, 155, 190–92, 180, 233–34, 269 195 Chocolate Soldier, The, 232 Davenport, Russell, 191, 195 Chotzinoff, Samuel, 190 David Mannes Music School, New York,205 Christian Social Party, 48, 166, 168 Davos sanatorium, 184–85 Christie, John, 159 Deak,´ Istvan,´ 83 Christmas Fairy, The, 5 Debussy, Claude, 253 Chronis, Olga, 252 Decsey, Ernst, 124 City Bar, Vienna, 49 Dehmel, Richard, 17, 237, 316n97 Civic Music Academy, Pasadena, 258 Delaﬁeld, Harriet, 244 Cochran, Virginia, 259 Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Cochran, William, 258 Railroad Company, New York, 192–93 Colonial Ofﬁce, Berlin, 273 Deman, Rudolf, 173 Columbia College, Columbia University, Demuth, Leopold, 18 New York, 193 Denton, Grace, 246–47, 252 Columbia record company, New York, 182, Denzler, Robert, 113 223–24 Der Barenh¨ auter¨ , 18 Columbia School of Architecture, New York, Der Barbier von Bagdad, 27, 98 193 Der Blaue Reiter, Munich, 17 Columbia University, New York, 150, 194 Der Evangelimann, 22, 27 communism, communists, 213, 285, 307 Der Freischuetz¨ , 12–13, 20, 24, 44, 74 Concert Artists Guild of New York, 251 Der Kuhreigen, 52 Concertgebouw Orchestra, Amsterdam, 120 Der Mohr von Venedig, 276 Constance Hope Associates, New York, 151 Der Morgen, Vienna, 52 Constitution Hall, Washington, D.C., 213 Der Musikant, 51 Continental Hotel, Berlin, 125 Der Ring des Nibelungen, 31, 61, 97, 130, Cook, Jean, 258 247 Coppicus, Francis, 143, 146, 149–51, Der Ring des Polykrates, 43 164–65, 181–82, 188, 222, 225–26, 232 Der Rosenkavalier, 20, 24–25, 30–31, 33, 43, Corinth, Lovis, 9, 17, 241 45, 56, 58, 61, 101, 140–41, 172, 185, Cornelius, Peter, 27, 98, 180, 250 224–25, 242, 254, 262, 276, 278–80, Corot, Camille, 241 287–88, 301 Corregidor, 19 Der Schatzgraber¨ , 73 Cosı` fan tutte, 22, 232 Der Tag, Berlin, 10, 14, 303 Courtauld, Samuel, 61 Der Waffenschmied, 5 Coveney, John, 150, 287 Der Widerspenstigen Zahmung¨ , 91 Covent Garden, London, 12, 24, 32, 61–62, Der Zigeunerbaron, 80 70, 96, 117, 124, 131, 135, 140, 158, 170, Dessauer, Adolf, 83 184, 256, 266, 270 Dessauer, Wilhelm, 83, 90, 294, 305 Coventgarden, Hamburg, 25 Destinn, Emmy, 10, 46 Craig, Edward Gordon, 100 Destry Rides Again, 235 Cravath, Paul, 149 Deutsch, Friedrich, 116 Creditanstalt fur¨ Handel und Gewerbe, Deutsche Grammophon Aktiengesellschaft, Vienna, 97, 128 Berlin, 74–75 Crespin, Regine,´ 280 Deutscher Buhnenverein,¨ 95, 157 Crosby, Bing, 182–83, 187, 226, 229–30, Deutsches Schauspielhaus, Hamburg, 17 232, 259, 287 Deutsches Theater, Berlin, 9 Culp, Julia, 9, 56 Dichterliebe, 223, 256 Cumash Indians, 198 Die Abreise, 18 Curiel, Hans, 74 Die agyptische¨ Helena, 101–2, 104–7, Curtis Institute of Music, Philadelphia, 206, 124 227, 245–46, 248, 261 Die Bakchantinnen, 102 Die Brucke,¨ Dresden, 17 D’Albert, Eugen, 18, 25, 28, 31, 51, 59, 116, Die Fackel, Vienna, 49, 85 173 Die Fledermaus, 25, 46, 66, 254 Dachau concentration camp, 220 Die Frau ohne Schatten, 51, 55–56, 65, 70, Dahn, Felix, 14 103, 106, 108, 118, 276, 288

384 Index

Die heilige Ente, 62 Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 193 Die Kohlhaymerin, 52 Ericson, Raymond, 266 Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor, 19, 27, 30, Ernst Drucker Theater, Hamburg, 17 45 Erwartung, 73 Die Meistersinger, 9, 13, 18, 24, 28, 45, 59, Eternal Flight, 238 62, 116, 131, 141, 149, 180, 276 Eugen Onegin, 51, 254, 278 Die Schneider von Schonau¨ , 50 Europa, 144 Die schone¨ Mullerin¨ , 224, 252, 289 Excelsior, 119 Die tote Stadt, 61, 66, 68–69, 75, 91–92 Expressionism, 9, 17, 241, 290 Die toten Augen, 25, 28, 59, 74 Eyken, Heinrich van, 11 Die Walkure¨ , 51, 70, 116, 150, 167, 174, 178–79, 191, 206, 229, 284 Fales, Warren, 214–15 Die Winterreise, 221, 223, 241, 249, 296, Farrar, Geraldine, 9–10, 46, 67, 69, 131, 363n165, 367n296 142, 146, 172, 174, 179–80, 185, 190, Die Zauberﬂote¨ , 19, 31, 74 195–97, 234, 236, 250, 281, 295 Die Zeit, Vienna, 47 Faust, 233 Dietrich, Marlene, 145–46, 228, 235 Feuersnot, 19 Doblin,¨ Albrecht, 8 Fidelio, 2, 43, 91–92, 114, 174–76, 218, 254, Doktor Faustus, 306 276, 278, 287, 311 Dollfuss, Engelbert, 94, 157, 166–69 ﬁn de siecle,` 39, 308. See also Berlin Don Carlo, 103, 266 Secession; modernism; Viennese Don Gil von den grunen¨ Hosen, 52 Secession Don Giovanni, 74, 276 Fischer, Emil, 67 Donizetti, Gaetano, 206 Fischer, Jens Malte, 110, 237, 319n192, Dorsch, Kathe,¨ 136, 159 333n4, 338n113 Dorsey, Tommy, 182 Fischer-Dieskau, Dietrich, 269, 271, 287 Douglas, Nigel, 31, 141, 176 Fitelberg, Grzegorz, 43 Douglas, Robin, 192, 195–96, 210 Flagstad, Kirsten, 172–76, 178–80, 189, Douglas, Viola, 135–36, 146, 187, 192, 218, 225, 228–29, 231, 233, 354n153 196–97, 210, 281, 291–92, 294, 296, 310, Fleischer-Edel, Katharina, 18, 26 345n318 Flesch, Carl, 247 Downes, Olin, 106, 134, 139–41, 143, Flotow, Baron Friedrich von, 2, 27 146–47, 149–50, 172, 174, 179, 181, 206, Foll, Ferdinand, 76, 106 218, 223, 225, 228, 311 Fonda, Henry, 182 Drake Hotel, Chicago, 144 Fontane, Theodor, 2, 9 Drill-Oridge, Theo, 21, 26, 318n145 Ford company, 182 Drury Lane Theater, London, 24 Foss, Lukas, 260 Durer,¨ Albrecht, 272 Fox Film Corporation, Hollywood, 227 Duhan, Hans, 39–40, 43, 276 Franciscan order, 198 Duke, Vernon (Vladimir Dukelsky), 258, 309 Franco-Prussian War, 5, 140, 305 Frankfurt Opera, 97 Dunham, Lucia, 194–95, 204, 244 Frankfurter Zeitung, 73 Duparc, Henri, 224 Franz Joseph I, 38–39, 44, 46, 63, 84 Durante, Jimmy, 231 Franz, Robert, 14, 27, 122, 250 Dux, Claire, 24 Frauenliebe und –Leben, 223, 253, 275 Eames, Emma, 67 Fremstad, Olive, 135, 295 Eastman School of Music, Rochester, 67, French Legion of Honor, 119, 136, 278 246, 248 Freud, Sigmund, 41, 87, 202 Easton, Florence, 22, 179 Freytag, Gustav, 2 Ebert, Carl, 339n149 Friedlaender, Heinz, 118, 120–21, 124, 131, Eckartbund, Vienna, 94 155, 162, 189, 220 Eddy, Nelson, 187, 232–33, 247 Friedmann family, Vienna, 49, 86 Edge of Night, The, 292 Friedrich III, 7 Edward, king of England, 8 Frobenius, Else, 366n264 Eichendorff, Joseph Freiherr von, 237 Furst,¨ Max, 98 Ein Opernball, 98 Furtwangler,¨ Wilhelm, 96, 106, 112, 114–17, Eine Florentinische Tragodie¨ , 43 120, 138, 156, 158–59, 220 Einstein, Alfred, 106 Elektra, 19, 38, 42, 47, 56, 103, 309 Gable, Clark, 233, 236 Ellis Island, 213 Gal,´ Hans, 62 Emergency Fund of American Musicians, Garbo, Greta, 234 214 Garden, Mary, 179, 295, 310

Index 385

Garmo, Tilly de, 261 Gutman, John, 280–81, 307 Gatti-Casazza, Giulio, 66–68, 71, 131, 138, Gutmann family, Vienna, 49, 128 141–43, 166, 173–74, 179, 247 Gutmann, Clarisse von, 85 Geissmar, Berta, 138, 156, 184 Gutmann, David von, 85–87 General Electric company, 200 Gutmann, Ida von, nee´ Wodianer, 86–87 General Motors company, 182, 200 Gutmann, Ludwig von, 83, 85 General Motors Symphony Orchestra, New Gutmann, Mathilde von, 85 York, 132 Gutmann, Sophie von, 86–87 Geneva Protocols, 48 Gutmann, Wilhelm (“Willy”) von, 85, George, Stefan, 237 87–88, 129, 183–84 Gerhardt, Elena, 9, 296 German Colonial Institute, Hamburg, Habsburg army, 83–85 273 Habsburg Dual Monarchy, 39, 41–43, Gershwin, George, 204, 275, 309 47–50, 68, 86 Gerstenberg, 33–34, 304, 308, 310 Habsburg, Archduke Eugen von, 97 Gerster, Etelka, 10–11, 13, 23, 245, 311 Hageman, Richard, 180 Gestapo, 163–64 Hagenbeck Zoo, Hamburg, 15, 273 Gewandhaus, Leipzig, 158 Haggin, Bernhard, 172 Gewandhaus-Orchester, Leipzig, 114 Hahn, Reynaldo, 224, 249 Gigli, Beniamino, 69, 124, 141, 149 Halban, Josef, 45 Gille, Karl, 18 Halevy, Jacques-Franc¸ois, 28 Gilman, Lawrence, 140 Halliwell’s Film Guide, 236 Glass, Beaumont, 156, 319n172, 326n151, Halsey, Richard T., 193 369n33 Hamburger Fremdenblatt, 20, 22 Gluck, Alma, 190–91 Hamburger Nachrichten, 17 Gluck, Christoph Willibald, 23, 27, 35, 51 Hamburgischer Correspondent, 22, 27 Glyndebourne, 159, 219, 279 Hamburgischer Kunstlerclub,¨ 17 Goebbels, Joseph, 156–57, 159, 162–63 Hammerstein, Oscar, 67 Goedel, Baron, 49 Hammes, Karl, 100 Gomb¨ os,¨ Julius von, 170 Handel, George Frideric, 265 Goring,¨ Hermann, 109–10, 153–57, 159–65, Hanse League, 1, 15 167, 169–70, 184, 187–88, 211, 220, 240, Hansing, Magda, nee´ Lohse, 155, 319n184 276–77, 282, 287–88, 306–9 HAPAG, Hamburg, 16, 30 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 83, 239, 272, Harder, Karl, 14, 22, 29 278, 304 Harris, Roy, 309 Goetz, Hermann, 91, 117 Hartmann, Georg, 60 Gogh, Vincent van, 241 Hauptmann, Gerhart, 9, 17 Going My Way, 232 Haydn, Joseph, 251, 262 Goldberg, Albert, 257, 262, 289, 310 Hayworth, Rita, 227 Golden Palm order, Paris, 93 Hecht, Mia, nee´ de Peterse, 37, 82, 88, 93, Goldmark, Karl, 27 127, 133–34, 144–45, 147, 151, 155, 162, Gounod, Charles-Franc¸ois, 233 164, 171, 185, 187–89, 200, 209–10, 212, Graf, Max, 73 220, 230, 237, 272, 274–75, 281, 289, Granada Theater, Santa Barbara, 284 291, 295 Grand Hotel, 368n325 Hecht, Mialotte, 37, 136, 295 Grandma Moses, 290 Hecht, Robert, 37, 82, 127, 134, 144–45, Grant, Cary, 182 155, 164, 185, 187, 230 Grayson, Kathryn, 231, 236 Heger, Robert, 94, 102, 111, 117, 158–59, Graz Opera, 97 169 Gregor, Hans, 23–24, 38, 42–47, 74, 76, 78, Heifetz, Jascha, 182, 190, 247 93, 130, 311, 326n151 Heim, Werner, 5 Griller String Quartet, 247 Heimwehr, 166–70, 307 Grolier Book Society, New York, 193 Heine, Heinrich, 17, 304 Grunberger,¨ Alfred, 118 Heller-Bukum agency, Vienna, 78 Gruning,¨ Wilhelm, 10, 26 Hempel, Frieda, 24 Guarnieri, Antonio, 43 Henderson, William J., 140–41, 146, 172, Gunther,¨ Karl, 21 180 Guggenheim Museum, New York, 194 Henehan, Donald, 270 Guilbert, Yvette, 9 Hensel, Heinrich, 21, 26 Gutheil-Schoder, Marie, 38, 42–43, 45, 55, Hepburn, Kathryn, 236 72–73, 75, 77, 95, 103, 172, 232, 244, Hermanes, choir master, 33, 294 308 Herriot, Edouard, 119

386 Index

Herzl, Theodor, 87 Hotter, Hans, 99, 287, 353n144 Herzog Wildfang, 18 Hulsen-Haeseler,¨ Count Georg von, 15, 23, Heuberger, Richard, 98 27 Heuser, baritone, 26 Humperdinck, Engelbert, 52, 73 Heyworth, Peter, 32 Hurok, Sol, 267 Hickling, Gary, 74, 256–57, 263–64, 302, Hussa, Maria, 225 344n314 Hutchinson, Hubbard, 150 Hieffer, Ferdinand, 85 Hutt, Robert, 74 Hilbert, Egon, 220 Hilke, Willy, 10–12, 32, 303 Ibsen, Henrik, 17 Hindemith, Paul, 74, 94 Il Tabarro, 66 Hindermann, Anny, 19, 30 Impressionism, 9, 17 Hirsch family, Vienna, 86 Indra, 2 Hirschhorn, Clive, 236 Institute of Arts and Science, Columbia Hitler, Adolf, 109–10, 112, 115, 153–59, 161, University, New York, 133 166–68, 182, 184, 211, 219–20, 277, 280, Intermezzo, 52, 56, 58, 103–4, 213 306 Internees in Unoccupied France, 214 Hobsbawm, Eric, 38 Iphigenie in Aulis, 23, 26, 318n145 Holderlin,¨ Friedrich, 304 Isonzo front, 38 Hoffmann, Katherine, 145 Ivogun,¨ Maria, 61, 114 Hofmannsthal, Hugo von, 40–41, 43, 56, 79, 104–7, 109, 137, 305, 307 Jacob, Heinrich Eduard, 175 Hohenberg, Arthur, 121 Jaeckel, Andreas, 268, 270–71, 287 Hohenzollern, Crown Prince Wilhelm von, Jaensch, Paul, 36, 295, 304 7, 9 Jagow, Traugott von, 3, 7–8 Hohenzollern, Prince August Wilhelm von, 3 Jana´cek,ˇ Leos,ˇ 47 Hohenzollern, Princess Viktoria Luise von, 3 Janssen Symphony Orchestra, Los Angeles, Holden, Alice Cort, 193–95 246 Holden, Arthur Cort, 193–94, 204, 236, 243, Janssen, Werner, 246 307 jazz, 145, 184, 275, 309 Holden, Edwin Babcock, 193 Jefferson, Alan, 349n15, 355n204 Holden, Edwin R., 192–93 Jelenko, Siegfried, 33 Holden, Frances, 133, 192–97, 199–205, Jensen, Adolf, 122 207–11, 214–16, 221, 223, 227, 234, 236, Jenufa˚ , 47 239–44, 246, 249–54, 257, 259, 261, 264, Jerger, Alfred, 108, 286 266, 268, 270–71, 274, 279, 281, 283–87, Jeritza, Maria, 14, 38, 40, 43, 45–47, 50, 290–99, 301–2, 304, 306–8, 310, 54–55, 63, 65–66, 68, 70–72, 75, 77–78, 344–45n314 92, 94–95, 98–99, 102–7, 122–24, Holden, Mary, 199 137–43, 146, 172–73, 176, 178–79, Holden, Raymond, 194 227–28, 233, 239, 266, 277, 280–82, 289, Holidays from Fame, 234 307, 309–10, 322n42, 328n212 Hollaender, Friedrich, 146 Jews, 16–17, 30, 33–34, 41–42, 45, 48–50, Hollywood, 32, 149, 151, 182, 185, 187, 53, 61, 68, 80, 83–87, 110, 117, 143, 155, 198, 201, 205–6, 210, 213, 215–16, 157, 159–60, 164–65, 167–68, 173, 229–30, 232–37, 239–40, 246–47, 259, 181–82, 184, 187–89, 206, 208, 210, 282–83, 288, 303, 310 213–15, 235, 241, 272, 275, 291, 308 Hollywood Bowl, 180, 218, 234, 246, 259 Joachim, Joseph, 9, 11 Hollywood Citizen, 212 Johnson, Edward, 174–76, 179–80, 222, Holmes, Martha, 251 225, 227, 233, 261, 279, 287 Honor Ring of the Vienna Opera, 278 Johnson, Van, 230 Hope, Constance, 150–52, 164–66, 171, 176, Johnston, William, 41 178–83, 187–88, 190–91, 194, 196–97, Jolson, Al, 234 201, 208, 211, 223–29, 231, 238–39, Jonas, Franz, 287 243–44, 267–68, 279, 286, 291, 302, Jones, Isabel Morse, 246–47 348n434 Jonny spielt auf, 94, 174, 274–75, 309 Hoppe, Albert, 13 Jordan, Helene, 11 Hopper, Hedda, 259 Josephslegende, 72 Horne, Marilyn (“Jackie”), 261–64, 287, Judson, Arthur, 138–39 302 Juilliard School of Music, New York, 194, Hotel Deutscher Kaiser, Perleberg, 1, 5, 7, 204, 231, 244, 246, 248, 257–58, 260, 125, 273 265 Hotel Majestic, Paris, 135 Jung-Wien, see Viennese Secession

Index 387

Kahn, Erich Itor, 213 Korngold, Erich Wolfgang, 43, 57, 60–61, Kahn, Otto Hermann, 67–70, 72, 139, 66, 73, 75, 77, 91–92, 95, 122, 124, 215, 141–42, 149, 151, 173, 328n212 333n8 Kain und Abel, 26 Korngold, Julius, 39, 51, 57–58, 77, 80, 308 Kaiserhof Hotel, Badgastein, 278 Kraft Music Hall, 182 Kalter, Sabine, 22 Kralik, Heinrich von, 43 Kammerspiele, Vienna, 94 Kraus, Karl, 49, 70, 77, 85–86, 131 Kapp Putsch, 3 Krause, Betty (Otto Krause’s mother), 126, Kappel, Gertrude, 79 129, 163, 183 Karajan, Herbert von, 269–71, 286, 289, Krause, Betty (Santa Barbara), 294, 296 309 Krause, Grete (Otto Krause’s sister), 126, Karinhall, 160 129, 163, 183 Karl V., 169 Krause, Ludwig, 87, 184–85 Karlsruhe Theater, 2–3 Krause, Manon, 87, 129, 183–85 Karolik, Maxim, 259 Krause, Margarethe (“Grete”), nee´ von Karpath, Ludwig, 39 Gutmann (Otto Krause’s ﬁrst wife) 83–89, Kascowska, Felicia, 76 183, 185, 187, 332n338 Kassner, Rudolf, 137, 305 Krause, Otto, 77, 80, 82–83, 85–86, 88–90, Katz, Erich, 215 92, 121, 125–30, 133–34, 136, 144–45, Kaufman, Harry, 247 147, 149, 151, 160, 163, 165, 168, 171, Kaus, Gina, 87 181–84, 186–87, 190, 192, 196, 210, 232, Kemp, Barbara, 56, 60 239, 282, 294, 305–6, 308, 332n312, Kennedy, Jacqueline, 266 343n264 Kenyon, Doris, 246 Krause, Otto-Hans, 87, 184–85 Kerber, Erwin, 170 Krause, Peter, 86–87, 129, 183–85, 210, 294, Kern, Adele, 99 332n309 Kerr, Deborah, 258 Krauss, Clemens, 96, 98–103, 109–12, 118, Kessler, Harry Count, 100 123, 141, 157–58, 169–70, 309–10, Kienzl, Wilhelm, 22, 27, 52 336n51, 337n92, 339n124 Kiepura, Jan, 92, 95, 98, 100 Krauss, Clementine, 97 Kikuyu tribe, 273 Kreisblatt fur¨ die Westprignitz, 272 Kindertotenlieder, 267 Kreisler, Fritz, 213 King and I, The, 258 Krenek, Ernst, 91, 94, 142, 169, 174, 213, Kipnis, Alexander, 231, 258 260, 274, 309 Kirk, Mary van, 206, 345 Kroll-Oper, Berlin, 100, 114, 339n149 Kittel, Hermine, 70 Kurz-Halban, Selma, 39–40, 43–45, 47, 54, Kleber, Leonhard, 21, 27 61, 77, 87, 103, 308 Klee, Alois, 163 Kleiber, Erich, 61, 74, 110, 116, 184 L’elisir d’amore, 206 Klemperer, Johanna, 214 La belle Hel´ ene` , 66 Klemperer, Lotte, 284 La Boheme` , 45, 51, 59–61, 74–75, 234 Klemperer, Otto, 19–20, 26, 32, 34–35, 56, La Culumala, 198 74, 114, 116, 120, 181, 199, 207, 214–15, La Fanciulla del West, 140 243, 258, 281–83, 285–86, 294, 305–6, La Gioconda, 206 308 La Juive, 28 Klimt, Gustav, 41 La Revue Negre, 94 Knapp’s Lodge, Santa Barbara, 199–200, La Scala, Milan, 67, 271 215–16 Lachmann, Paul, 239, 289 Knapp, George Owen, 199 Lady Macbeth, 266 Knappertsbusch, Hans, 61 Laeisz shipbuilders, Hamburg, 16 Kneisel Quartette, 68 Lake Saranac sanatorium, 185, 187, 192 Kobold, 18 Landowska, Wanda, 251 Kodaly,´ Zoltan,´ 147 Lauraguais, Louis Count de, 5 Koechig, Ruth Terry, 245 Lauritz Melchior Heldentenor Foundation, Koldofsky, Gwendolyn Williams, 221, 246, New York, 258 248, 260, 262–63 Lawford, Peter, 231 Kollo, Walter, 17 Le Nozze di Figaro, 12, 23, 25–26, 43, 51, Kollwitz, Kathe,¨ 241 68, 74 Kolodin, Irving, 229 League of Nations, 48, 53, 70, 94, 167 Komische Oper, Berlin, 42 Lebendige Vergangenheit, 122 Konetzni, Anny, 100 Leetch, Henry, 185 Konetzni, Hilde, 184, 276 Legge, Walter, 117

388 Index

Lehar,´ Franz, 17–18, 64, 308 Lotte Lehmann Promenade, Salzburg-Aigen, Lehmann, Clara, 79–81, 125–26, 186–87, 287 207–9 Lotte Lehmann: More than Just a Singer,287 Lehmann, Fritz, 5–7, 11, 15, 19, 28–30, Louchheim, Aline B., 243 33–34, 36, 79–81, 89, 125–26, 128–31, Louis and Isadore Cohen Cigars, Bronx, 139 155, 160–62, 164, 169, 178, 184–87, 192, Lubin, Germaine, 280 197, 201, 204–13, 216–18, 220–21, Lubitsch, Ernst, 216 227–28, 231–38, 241, 243–44, 246, 250, Ludwig, Christa, 301–2 272, 275, 278, 281, 283, 290–95, 297, Lully, Jean-Baptiste, 269 299, 304, 308–9, 333n342 Lusitania, 68 Lehmann, Karl, 3–5, 7–8, 10–13, 15, 19, Lutteroth, Ascan, 17 28–31, 33, 53, 71, 76–77, 79–83, 88–90, 125, 272–73, 304–5, 307 Maazel, Lorin, 280 Lehmann, Lilli, 63, 67, 118, 122, 137, 244 Macbeth, 269, 271 Lehmann, Marie, nee´ Schuster, 4–5, 19, MacDonald, Jeanette, 69, 210, 233–35, 243, 28–29, 31, 33, 76, 79–83, 88, 90, 112, 125, 245, 247, 294 129, 151, 304 Maclennan, Francis, 22 Lehmann, Theresia, nee´ Heinz, 186–87, 197, Macmillan publishers, London, 289 205–9, 216, 221, 237, 291–92, 294, 298 MacMillan, Ernest, 180 Leider, Frida, 9–10, 23, 52, 61, 142, 144–46, Madama Butterfly, 60 173, 286 Mahler, Gustav, 18–19, 42–45, 53, 58, Leinsdorf, Erich, 171, 188–89, 228–29, 287 66–67, 77, 96, 100, 190, 267, 282, 308 Lemnitz, Tiana, 184 Mahler-Werfel, Alma, nee´ Schindler, 44, Lend Lease Act, 211 77–78, 169, 215 Leoncavallo, Ruggero, 69 Maikl, Georg, 39–40 Lert, Ernst, 247, 258–60 Makart, Hans, 41 Leutnant Gustl, 41 Mallinger, Mathilde, 12–15, 30, 244 Levine, Marks, 226, 236–37, 239, 250, 270 Mandahl, Margit, 93 Lichtwark, Alfred, 17 Mandl family, Vienna, 49 Liebermann, Max, 9, 17, 241 Manhattan Opera House, New York, 67 Lieberson, Goddard, 223–24 Manhattan School of Music, New York, Life, New York, 243 256–57 Liliencron, Detlev Freiherr von, 17, 316n97 Manila Symphony, 257 Link, Antonie, 83 Mann, Erika, 156, 213, 216–17, 239, 269, Lion, Karl, 57, 134 281–82, 284–86, 289, 310 Lippe, Joanna, 24 Mann, Katia, 285 List, Emanuel, 149, 231 Mann, Klaus, 216, 243, 284 Liszt, Franz, 2, 51 Mann, Thomas, 114, 136, 175, 213, 216–18, “Litteris and Artibus” medal, Stockholm, 93 232, 238, 240, 284, 286, 306, 345n331 Ljungberg, Goeta, 140 Manon Lescaut, 52 Lobero Theater, Santa Barbara, 198, 200, Manowarda, Josef, 64, 99 246, 248, 253, 263, 266–67, 279 Manuel, ex-king of Portugal, 137 Lobero, Jose,´ 198 Marboe, Ernst, 276–77, 282 Loewenfeld, Hans, 18, 20–23, 25, 27, 35, 58, Marcel, Lucille, 26 63, 308 March, Robert, 268 Loewengard, Max, 27, 304, 308, 310, Marchesi, Mathilde, 12, 44, 46 318n159 Marek, George, 250 Lohengrin, 10, 12, 21–24, 26, 28, 34–36, 45, Markham, Mary, 283 60, 62, 68, 131, 193, 278, 318n145 Martha, 2, 27 Lohfing, Max, 18–19, 26 Massai tribe, 273 Lohse, Otto, 18, 24 Massary, Fritzi, 215, 241 London Times, The, 289 Massenet, Jules, 51–52, 55, 91 Lorenz, Max, 149 Massey Hall, Toronto, 180 Lortzing, Albert, 5, 27 Mautner, Jenny, 77 Los Angeles Philharmonic, 218, 259, 262, Maynard, Ken, 234 284 Mayr, Richard, 45, 51, 55, 61, 76, 93, 141, Los Angeles Times, The, 246, 257 144 Lost Son, The, 158 Maytime, 233 Lotte Lehmann Foundation, Kailua/New McCracken Duke, Kay, 253, 258, 309 York, 257 McGiffin, Hadassah, 296 Lotte Lehmann Hall, University of McGill University, Montreal, 255 California, Santa Barbara, 310 McKay, Margery, 257

Index 389

Mehta, Zubin, 262 Muck, Karl, 9, 68 Melba, Dame Nellie, 67, 122 Muller,¨ Hella, 134, 276, 295 Melchior, Lauritz, 61, 124, 130, 138, 142, Muller,¨ Maria, 114, 142 150, 171, 178–79, 181–82, 188–89, 191, Munich Festival of 1926, 131 211, 225, 228–31, 233, 235, 247, 258, 262, Munich Opera, 13 281, 283–86 Murtaugh, Eleanor, 245, 253 Melchior, Maria Anna (“Kleinchen”), nee´ Museum Concert series, Frankfurt, 97, Hacker, 130, 171, 188–91, 229–31, 235, 101 283 Museum of Modern Art, New York, 243 Mendelssohn Prize, Berlin, 247 Museum of the City of New York, 289 Mendelssohn, Felix, 207, 223, 250 Music Academy of the West, Santa Barbara, Menotti, Gian Carlo, 267 246–48, 250, 252–55, 257–66, 268, 270, Menschen im Hotel, 247 276, 278–81, 284, 287, 291, 298, 302, Menuhin, Yehudi, 182, 194, 247, 251 309 Mercurio, Peter, 256 Musical America, 143, 243, 245 Messiah, 265 Musik zu Goethes Egmont, 51 Metropolitan Auditions of the Air, New Musikhochschule, Berlin, 11, 27, 161, 303 York, 245 Mussolini, Benito, 166–69, 308 Metropolitan Opera, New York, 45, 62–64, Mutschmann, Martin, 109 66–69, 71–72, 104–6, 116, 120, 122, Muzio, Claudia, 146 131–32, 137–46, 149–51, 164–66, 171–82, Muzzarelli, Alfred (“Muzzi”), 89, 276, 302 187, 190–91, 193–94, 199, 201, 206–7, My Fair Lady, 258 214, 218, 221–22, 224–29, 231, 233–35, My Many Lives, 240 245–47, 250–51, 255, 257–58, 261, 263, 266, 268, 270–71, 279–81, 283, 289, 296, Naples Opera, 271 301, 307 Napoleon Bonaparte, 5, 169 Metternich, Princess Pauline, 42, 73, 77 Nathan, Robert, 235 Metzger, Ottilie, 18, 26 National Concert and Artists Corporations, Meyrowitz, Selmar, 21, 26, 60 New York, 226 MGM Corporation, Hollywood, 219, National Socialists (Nazis), 109–10, 157–58, 230–32, 234–37 164, 184, 187, 211, 213, 220, 228, 261, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, 229 266, 277, 286, 308 Michaelis, Ruth, 261 Naughty Marietta, 233 Mignon, 10, 74 NBC, New York, 182, 190 Miklas, Wilhelm, 52 NBC Symphony, New York, 218 Mildenburg, Anna von, 18, 42–43 Neal, Roy, 252 Milhaud, Darius, 247, 260, 309 Negroes, see blacks Millar, Jean, 255 Nemeth, Maria, 40, 93, 98, 100, 276 Miller, Mildred, 258 Neue Freie Presse, Vienna, 39, 52, 87 Mills College, Oakland, 260 Neues Deutsches Theater, Prague, 73 Missions Church, Santa Barbara, 227 Neues Wiener Journal, Vienna, 44, 96 Mittags-Zeitung, Vienna, 56 Neues Wiener Konservatorium, 187 modernism, 9, 17, 41–42, 73–74, 94–97, Neues Wiener Tagblatt, Vienna, 87, 107 100, 169–70, 271, 275–76, 283, 309. See New England Conservatory, Boston, 67 also Berlin Secession; ﬁn de siecle` ; New York Herald Tribune, The, 140, 243 Viennese Secession New York Philharmonic, 132, 218 Morike,¨ Eduard, 200, 238, 278, 304 New York Post, The, 190 Mont, Elisabeth (“Betty”), 293, 296 New York Sun, The, 172 Montecito Country Club, Santa Barbara, New York Times, The, 62, 69, 71, 98, 116, 246 134–35, 137, 139, 143, 145–46, 150–51, Monterey County Symphony, 259 155, 164, 171, 174–75, 178–79, 188, 212, Monteux, Pierre, 247 221, 223, 225–26, 237–38, 240–41, 243, Moore, Grace, 69, 151, 179, 234 250–51, 254, 258, 266–67, 270–71, More than Singing, 240 287–88, 302 Morgenthau Wertheim, Alma, 213 New York University, 194 Morgenthau, Henry, 213–14 New Yorker, The, 191, 194 Morini, Albert, 275 Newell, Grace, 233 Mottl, Felix, 2, 43 Newton, Ivor, 62, 278–79 Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Nicolai, Otto, 27 Brunswick, 256, 258 Nielsen, Asta, 9 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 12, 19, 23, 31, Nietzsche, Friedrich, 202 43, 51, 68, 74, 122, 168, 191, 218, 311 Nikisch, Arthur, 18–19, 36

390 Index

Nilsson, Birgit, 258 Petrushka, 43 Nissen, Hans Hermann, 93, 145 Petschnikoff, Alexander, 148 Niwa, Katsuumi, 256–57 Petschnikoff, Lily, 148, 234 Nixon, Marni, 257 Petschnikoff, Sergey, 149, 234–35 Noel,¨ Evangeline, 252 Pﬁtzner, Hans, 19, 24, 52, 57 Nolde, Emil, 17 Philadelphia Orchestra Association, 180 Nordica, Lillian, 67 Philosophical Society, Smith College, 193 North German Radio, Hamburg, 285 Phonix¨ insurance company, Vienna, 168, Northrop Memorial Auditorium, 183 Minneapolis, 145 Piatigorsky, Gregor, 182, 247, 260 Northwestern University, Evanston, 258, Picasso, Pablo, 17, 243, 309 265 Piccaver, Alfred, 43, 45–46, 52, 61, 92, 95, Novotna,´ Jarmila, 100, 114 98, 100, 118–19, 124, 141, 234, 276 Nuremberg Race Laws, 184 Pidgeon, Walter, 247 Pinza, Ezio, 191, 218, 232, 234 O’Brien, Margaret, 235–36 Pique Dame, 63 O’Connell, Charles, 176 Pleasant, Richard, 224, 243 Oberlin College, 135, 147 Pollak, Egon, 21, 144–45 Oberon, 59, 68, 145 Polydor record company, 74 Ochs, Adolph S., 164 Pompadour, Jeanne Antionette Poisson, Odeon record company, 74–75, 125, 128, Marquise de, 5 130, 158, 162 Ponchielli, Amilcare, 206 Oestvig, Karl Agaard, 55, 65 Pons, Lily, 178–79, 188, 232–33, 251, 281, Of Lena Geyer, 135 287 Offenbach, Jacques, 66, 308 Ponselle, Rosa, 179 Oh, for a Man!, 233 Pontini, 36 Oja, Carol, 309 Popper de Podhragy, Baron Leopold, 46–47, Ojai Festival, 267 124 Olszewska, Maria, 61, 70, 81, 142, 144–45, Popper, Jan, 254, 261–62 276–77, 286 Porgy and Bess, 204, 275 Opera´ de Paris, 5, 93, 170, 193, 261, 266, Powell, William, 234 295 Prawy, Marcel, 332n338 Orff, Carl, 215 Preyser, Herbert F., 116 Ormandy, Eugene, 138 Primrose, William, 247 Orphee´ aux enfers, 308 Princeton University, 194, 260 Orplid, mein Land, 238, 240 Princeton, New Jersey, 216 Oster, Mark, 26 Pringsheim, Klaus, 114 Otello, 103 Prinz wider Willen, 18 Prohibition, 144 Paalen, Bella, 206 Prussian Opera (Preussisch-Konigliche¨ Pacini, Giovanni, 269 Hofoper, Preussische Staatsoper, Oper Painleve,´ Paul, 119 unter den Linden), Berlin, 9–10, 14–15, Paladilhe, Emile, 224 18, 22–24, 27, 57, 60, 62, 75, 100, 115, Paramount Pictures, Hollywood, 234 125, 127, 131, 153, 156–57, 159, 161, 165, Parera, Val, 151 169, 220, 303 Paris Conservatoire, 260 Publicity Is Broccoli, 286 Parrish, Constance, 310–11 Puccini, Giacomo, 43, 46–47, 51–52, 59, 66, Parsifal, 23, 60, 68 73, 91, 104, 116, 124, 140, 238 Pasadena Art Institute, 243 Puritz, Gerd, 358 n20 Pasadena Civic Orchestra, 247 Puritz, Walther, 31, 34–35 Pasadena Playhouse, 250 Putlitz, Emmy Gans Edle Frau zu, nee´ Pasternak, Joe, 230–31, 235, 287 Luermann, 2, 13–14, 22–23, 27, 29–30, Pathe´ record company, 24 34–35, 54, 56, 64, 66, 74, 77–78, 81–83, Patti, Adelina, 12 87–88, 123, 137, 157, 239, 297, 308 Paulee, Mona, 206, 245 Putlitz, Gebhard Gans Edler Herr zu (uncle Pauly, Rose, 100 of Bernhard von Barsewisch), 220 Peabody Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Putlitz, Gebhard Gans Edler Herr zu Baltimore, 247 (ancestor of Bernhard von Barsewisch), 2 Pelleas´ et Melisande´ , 253 Putlitz, Gisbert Gans Edler Herr zu, 3, 295 Pennarini, Alfons, 18–19 Putlitz, Gustav Gans Edler Herr zu, 2, 3, 27 Petain, Henri Philippe, 119 Putlitz, Joachim Gans Edler Herr zu, 2, 3, Petrograd Grand Opera Company, 259 12–14, 38, 69

Index 391

Putlitz, Johann, 1 Rose Marie, 233 Putlitz, Konrad Gans Edler Herr zu, 1–2, Rosenberg, Alfred, 162 13–14, 23, 29–30, 35–36, 54, 77, 81–82, Rosenthal, Harold, 355n204 145, 237, 304 Rothenberger, Anneliese, 280 Putlitz, Wolfang Gans Edler Herr zu, Rothschild family, Paris, 118 145–46, 285 Rothschild family, Vienna, 86 Putnam’s publishers, New York, 238 Rothschild, Baron Eugen, 118 Rothschild, Baron Robert de, 137 Queen’s Hall, London, 117 Royal Air Force, 214 Rubinstein, Anton, 27, 180 Radio City Music Hall, New York, 132 Rubinstein, Artur, 247 Radnay, Hilda, 49 Runger,¨ Gertrude, 97, 99 Rainer, Luise, 234 Ruffo, Titta, 119 Rameau, Jean Philippe, 5 Rupp, Franz, 160 Rasch, Hugo, 158 Ruths, Valentin, 17 Rasponi, Lanfranco, 180 RAVAG, Vienna, 98, 125 Sachs, Harvey, 133 Ravel, Maurice, 309 Sachs, Jules, 115, 121 Raymond, Gene, 210, 294 Sachse, Leopold, 214 RCA Victor record company, New York, Sadowa, 39 149, 182, 190, 223–24, 250 Sakata, Chieko, 257 Reagan, Ronald, 236 Saldern, Elisabeth von, 3, 14 Rechberg, Count Bernhard von, 30n268 Saldern, Nanni von, 12, 14, 288 Rechberg, Countess Gabrielle von, 77, 137, Saldern, Siegfried von, 3, 12 295, 405 Salome, 9, 19, 42, 56, 61, 67, 70, 144, 270, Red Cross, 214 303, 309 Reger, Max, 25 Salt Lake Symphony, Salt Lake City, 254 Reich Music Chamber, Berlin, 157–58, 162 Salter, Norbert, 23–24, 66, 71, 138 Reich Propaganda Ministry, Berlin, 162–63 Salzburg Festival, 72, 96, 101–3, 108, Reichenberger, Hugo, 102 117–18, 123, 125, 128, 136–37, 139, 142, Reiner, Fritz, 180 166, 168, 170–71, 175, 183, 216, 266, Reinhardt, Delia, 61–62, 282 269–72, 278, 287 Reinhardt, Max, 9, 14, 66, 77, 136 Samarkand Hotel, Santa Barbara, 147 Reinhold, Eva, 12 San Francisco Opera, 143, 165, 177, 180, Remarque, Erich Maria, 228 246, 259, 271 Renaissance, 307 San Francisco, 233 Renaissance Stage, Vienna, 80 Sanborn, Pitts, 172 Renner, Karl, 48 Sandlin, Dorothy, 258 Residenz Verlag, Salzburg, 287, 289 Sandor,´ Gyorgy,¨ 260 Reszke, Jean de, 67 Santa Barbara Bowl, 246 Rethberg, Elisabeth, 104–6, 140, 142, Santa Barbara County Museum, 290 165–66, 179, 197, 218, 225, 281 Saturday Review, 229 Reucker, Alfred, 104–6, 109–10 Savoy Plaza Hotel, New York, 227 Rich, Alan, 266 Schacko, Maria, 207 Rienzi, 26 Schadow, Alma, 22 Rilke, Rainer Maria, 137, 237 Schaeffer Gallery, New York, 243 RKO, Hollywood, 182 Schalk, Franz, 38, 40, 43–45, 47, 51, 53–58, Rockefeller Foundation, New York, 61, 63–66, 71, 73, 75, 79, 91–98, 100–1, 259 115, 118–19, 122–24, 129, 175, 191, 238, Rockefeller, John D., 198 305, 308–9, 337n92, 346n362 Rode, Wilhelm, 99 Schaub, Hans F., 25 Rodeck, Karl, 17 Schauspielhaus, Berlin, 22 Rodzinski, Artur, 138, 247 Schefﬂer, Anna, 26 Roerich Museum, New York, 192 Schenker, Heinrich, 205 Roller, Alfred, 42–43, 72–73, 100 Schenker-Angerer, Margit, 93, 100, 104, Romanticism, 237, 275, 304 107 Roon, Count Albrecht von, 8 Schillertheater, Hamburg-Altona, 17 Roosevelt Hotel, New York, 243 Schillings, Max von, 56, 60–63, 74, 113 Roosevelt, Eleanor, 147, 211 Schipa, Tito, 146 Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 147, 151, Schipper, Emil, 61, 70 211–12 Schloss, Charlotte, 19 Roosevelt, Teddy, 198 Schlusnus, Heinrich, 74

392 Index

Schmidt, Felix, 11 Sinatra, Frank, 230 Schnabel, Artur, 213 Singher, Martial, 247, 260–62 Schneiderhan, Franz, 93, 95–96, 98, 105 Singing with Richard Strauss, 289 Schnitzler, Arthur, 17, 41, 84, 87 Slezak, Leo, 43, 45, 66, 95 Schnitzler, Johann, 87 Smetana, Friedrich, 25 Schoenberg, Arnold, 17, 42, 73–74, 86, 102, Smith College, Northampton, 213–14, 247 Massachusetts, 193, 237 Schonberg, Harold C., 302 Smith, Moses, 241 Schornstein, Herman, 202, 297–98, 375n212 Social Darwinism, 275 Schorr, Friedrich, 61, 100, 142, 167 social democracy, social democrats, 17, 38, Schott, Alice, 265 48, 50, 94, 166, 307 Schreker, Franz, 57, 73–74 Sonnemann, Emmy, 153–54 Schubert, Franz, 52, 118, 122, 133, 169, 215, Southern California Society for Music 221, 224, 232, 249, 251, 275, 289, 296 Education, 247 Schuch, Hertha, nee´ Stodolowsky, 134–35, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, 260 276, 295, 298, 345n316 Specht, Richard, 106 Schuh, Oscar Fritz, 272 Sprechgesang, 52, 56 Schulenburg, Albrecht von der, 137 Springer family, Vienna, 86 Schulenburg, Erika von der, nee´ Gans Edle zu Sproule, Shirley, 255–57, 261, 264, 302 Putlitz, 13, 82, 137, 220, 237, 285–86, 295 St. Louis School of Music, 265 Schulze, Adolph, 11 Stadt-Theater-Gesellschaft, Hamburg, 18, 25 Schumann, Clara, 2 Stadttheater Hamburg, 15–16, 18–20, Schumann, Elisabeth, 30–32, 34–35, 61–62, 24–28, 30–31, 33, 35, 42, 58–59, 63, 118, 64, 66, 69, 81, 93, 99–101, 105–6, 118, 121, 278, 302, 304 129, 189, 201, 219, 227, 240, 250, 282, Stadttheater, Vienna, 94 305 Stadtische¨ Oper, Berlin (Charlottenburger Schumann, Robert, 14, 25, 52, 122, 145, Oper), 60–62, 95, 113–16, 130, 156–57, 221–23, 250, 253, 256, 275, 303, 362n129 159, 339n149 Schumann-Heink, Ernestine, 18, 183 Stanford University, Palo Alto, 250 Schuschnigg, Kurt von, 94, 153, 163, Starhemberg, Ernst Rudiger,¨ 167, 169 166–70, 277, 307 Steber, Eleanor, 226, 245 Schuster, Lieschen, 4, 79, 220, 304 Stefan, Paul, 56, 73, 76, 106 Schutzbund, 166–67 Stehmann, Gertrud, 26 Schwarz, Paul, 30–31 Steiner, Rudolf, 282 Schwarz, Vera, 106 Stern, Jean, 26 Schwarzkopf, Elisabeth, 117, 251, 262, 287 Sternengebot, 19 Schwerin Theater, 2 Stevens, Rise,¨ 172, 183, 217, 226, 229, Sebastian, Georg, 113 231–32, 245, 250, 268, 281, 287, 296, Secret Storm, The, 292 303 Segovia, Andres,´ 251 Stignani, Ebe, 263 Seidl, Anton, 67 Stockholm Royal Theater, 92 Seipel, Ignaz, 48, 166–67 Stodolowsky, Hertha, see Schuch, Hertha Selective Training and Service Act, 211 Stokowski, Leopold, 182 Sembach, Johannes, 68 Stransky, Siegmund, 91 Semmering sanatorium, 183 Straus, Noel, 221–22, 225 Semper Oper, Dresden, 18, 52, 56, 95, 100, Strauss, Adele, 77, 106 104–6, 108–12, 137, 213 Strauss, Franz, 66, 287 Sessions, Roger, 260 Strauss, Gabriele, 325n114 sexuality, 30, 32–37, 41, 45, 69, 82, 84–85, Strauss, Johann, Jr., 25, 77, 80 92–94, 129–31, 133–36, 203, 275, 282–83, Strauss, Pauline, nee´ de Ahna, 54–56, 108 294–96, 305 Strauss, Richard, 9, 14, 17–19, 24–25, 38, Shawe-Taylor, Desmond, 45, 289 40–47, 50–54, 56–58, 61, 63–67, 69–74, Sheean, Vincent, 62, 102, 174, 176, 223, 77, 79, 95–98, 100–12, 115, 117–18, 262, 287 123–24, 131, 133, 137–38, 140, 142, 145, Sheehan, Winﬁeld, 124, 227–28 156, 158, 169, 175, 189, 221, 224–25, Sherman, Frank Dempster, 193 227–28, 238, 245, 254, 262, 281, 287–89, Sherman, Thomas, 181 303, 305, 307–11 Shuman, Davis, 260 Stravinsky, Igor, 43, 247 Simon (Semon), Erich, 116, 121, 138–39, Stravinsky, Soulima, 247 142–43, 158, 160, 162, 165, 173 Strey, Konrad, 6 Simon and Schuster publishers, New York, Strindberg, August, 17 288 Stuckenschmidt, Hans Heinz, 106

Index 393

Stuckgold,¨ Grete, 142, 182 Tracy, Spencer, 233, 236 Sturgkh,¨ Count Karl, 38 traditionalism, 42, 53–54, 73, 92, 218–19, Stuttgart Theater, 2–3, 12, 14–15, 38, 46, 69 307–9 Sullivan, Noel, 210, 294 Traubel, Helen, 122, 228–30, 235, 247 Suor Angelica, 51, 66 Treasury Department, Washington, D.C., Suppe,´ Franz von, 83 214 Supreme Court, Washington, D.C., 266 Treasury Programs, Washington, D.C., 213 Surovy, Walter, 226 Treaty of London, 68 Sutcliffe, Judy, 344n314 Treaty of St. Germain, 49 Sutherland, Joan, 263 Treptow Park, Berlin, 273 Swanson, Gloria, 182 Tristan und Isolde, 61, 68, 180 Swarthout, Gladys, 183, 234, 281 Trommler, Frank, 237 Swedish Royal Opera, Stockholm, 140 Truman, Elizabeth, 213 Szell, Georg (George), 61, 75, 225 Truman, Harry S., 213 Tschudi, Hubert von, 9 Tannhauser¨ und der Sangerkrieg¨ auf Tuggle, Robert, 175 Wartburg, 19, 25–26, 61, 69, 145, 171, Turandot, 91, 100 229, 266 Turk, Edward Baron, 233 Tarrash, William, 261 Two Sisters fom Boston, 231 Tauber, Richard, 24, 61, 75, 131 Taubman, Howard, 223 Ulanowsky, Paul, 181, 189, 219, 221, 223, Taurog, Norman, 235 230, 249–50, 362n129, 363n165 Taylor, Robert, 182 Union Theater, Berlin, 9 Tchaikovsky, Peter, 63, 116, 254, 262 University of California, Berkeley, 250, 260 Tcheresky, Luba, 254–55, 257, 302 University of California, Los Angeles, 256, Teatro Colon,´ Buenos Aires, 261 261 Tebaldi, Renata, 70, 263 University of California, Santa Barbara, 215, Temple, Shirley, 227 258–60 Thalia Theater, Hamburg, 17 University of Chicago, 135 Theater an der Wien, Vienna, 80 University of Minnesota, 145 Theater- und Musikwoche, Vienna, 55 University of Missouri, Kansas City, 258 Theatre´ Champs-Elysees,´ Paris, 247 University of Munich, 237, 285 Third Reich, 97–98, 109–12, 143, 153–59, University of Pennsylvania, 237 161–62, 166, 168, 173, 182, 184, 210, University of Portland, 213 247, 276–77, 306–7, 309–10 University of Regina, 256 Thomas, Charles Louis Ambroise, 51 University of Southern California, 260, 262 Thomas, Danny, 235–36 University of Wisconsin, 250 Thomas, John Charles, 260–61 Urban, bar pianist, 49 Thomson, Virgil, 260 Ursuleac, Viorica, 97, 99, 102–3, 108–9, Thrill of a Romance, 230 111–12, 118, 176, 178, 189 Tibbett, Lawrence, 172, 214, 234, 247 Tieﬂand, 31, 51, 59, 173 Vaget, Hans Rudolf, 216, 237, 345n331 Tietjen, Heinz, 62–63, 74, 95–96, 110–11, Valente, Benita, 258 113–17, 119, 156, 158–62, 164–65, 220, Varnay, Astrid, 156, 225–26 339n149 Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, Time, New York, 176–77, 179, 190 213 Toch, Ernst, 213 Vaterlandische¨ Front, 167, 169 Todesco family, Vienna, 86 Vennard, William, 262 Topper,¨ Hertha, 280 Verdi, Giuseppe, 12, 25, 43, 73, 103–4, 116, Tokatyan, Armand, 261, 265, 269 266 Tonkunstlerorchester,¨ Vienna, 51 Vienna Boys’ Choir, 97, 100 Tosca, 4, 61, 99 Vienna Opera (Wiener Hofoper, Wiener Toscanini, Arturo, 67–68, 112, 131–34, 136, Staatsoper), 23–25, 38–42, 44–47, 50–54, 150–51, 156, 158, 168, 170–72, 175, 57–59, 63–66, 69–74, 76–77, 80–81, 181–82, 185, 190, 192, 197, 210, 218, 84–85, 87, 91–103, 105–6, 111–14, 118, 239–40, 243, 290, 294, 35 9n64 125, 127, 134, 146, 157–59, 163, 166–67, Toscanini, Carla. 133 169–70, 182, 220, 250, 276–77, 281, 305, Totenberg, Roman, 247 307 Tourel, Jennie, 257 Vienna Philharmonic, 58, 91–92, 96, 171 Town Hall, New York, 133, 136, 143, Viennese Secession, 17, 41–43, 45, 73. See 146–47, 149–50, 181, 194, 212, 221–23, also Berlin Secession; ﬁn de siecle` ; 249–51, 258, 279, 288, 291, 302, 311 modernism

394 Index

Vier Ernste Gesange¨ , 251 Wellesz, Egon, 102 Vier letzte Lieder, 228, 289 Werba, Erik, 266 Violanta, 4 Werfel, Franz, 77–78, 169, 215 Vocalian record company, 74 Werner, Anton von, 9 Volker,¨ Franz, 97, 99 Werther, 91 Volkerschauen¨ , 273–74 Wessling, Berndt Wilhelm, 130, 285–88 Volkischer¨ Beobachter, 157–58 West Side Story, 258 Voigt, Deborah, 32 Westervelt, Andrew Castle, 135–36, 192, 196 Volksoper, Vienna, 46, 50, 57, 94 Westervelt, Viola, see Douglas, Viola Volkswehr, 85 Westervelt, William D., 135 Vuillermoz, Emile, 119 White House, Washington, D.C., 266 White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, 213 Waage, Dorothy, 222 Whiteman, Paul, 182 Wagner, Cosima, 2 Wiener Allgemeine Zeitung, Vienna, 238 Wagner, Friedelind, 156 Wiener Femdenblatt, Vienna, 24 Wagner, Otto, 41 Wiener Reitende Artillerie Division, 83 Wagner, Richard, 9–10, 13, 18, 21, 24–27, Wigmore Hall, London, 266, 278–79 43, 52, 59, 67–68, 73–74, 97, 99, 100, Wilhelm I, 3, 7–8, 16 102, 104, 117–18, 130, 141–42, 144–45, Wilhelm II, 3, 7–9, 15 150, 170, 173–74, 176, 178–79, 191, 228, Williams, Esther, 230 238, 257, 269 Wilson, Thomas Woodrow, 68 Wagner, Siegfried, 18, 23, 130 Witherspoon, Herbert, 179 Wagner, Wieland, 266, 309 Wittenstein, George, 378n8 Wagner, Winifred, 266 Wolf, Hugo, 17, 19, 52, 76, 122, 133, 150, Wagner, Wolfgang, 309 200, 249, 253, 288, 303 Wahehe tribe, 272 Wolff, Claire, 130 Wahl, Horst, 130–31 Wolff, Fritz, 130–31, 286, 294 Waldoper, Zoppot, 24 Wolff, Hermann, 115 Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York, 150 Wolff, Louise, 115–16, 138 Walker, Edyth, 19, 21, 31, 33, 144, 206 Wolff-Sachs agency, Berlin, 115–16, 120, 138, Wallerstein, Lothar, 97, 100–1, 108, 169, 162 206, 214, 309 World War I, 25, 28–30, 38–39, 41, 43, Walska, Ganna, 247, 254 47–48, 53, 61, 63, 66, 68, 76–77, 83–85, Walter, Bruno, 43, 61–63, 65, 74, 78, 88, 118, 209, 212 95–96, 113–18, 120, 122–23, 130, 146–47, World War II, 155–56, 162, 197, 203, 205, 149, 157–58, 162, 164, 169–70, 176, 199, 209, 211–13, 219, 228, 276, 307 208, 211, 214, 216–21, 223, 225, 231–32, Wozzeck, 73, 100, 102, 276, 309, 336n51 237–38, 240, 245, 248, 250, 253, 259–60, Wright, Frank Lloyd, 194 267, 276, 280–82, 286, 306, 308–9, Wymetal, Wilhelm von, 40, 46, 78 362n129 Walter, Else, 78, 113–14, 124, 158, 171, 178, Young Lotte Lehmann, The, 75 208, 216, 218, 310 Walter, Grete, 113, 218 Zander, Hans, 60 Walter, Lotte, 113, 216, 270, 284, 287 Zaza`, 69 Warburg, Abraham, 16 Zeitoper, 56 Warburg, Max, 16 Zemlinski, Alexander von, 43, 57, 74 Weber, Carl Maria von, 44, 59, 68, 145 Ziegler, Edward, 66, 116, 138, 142–43, 165, Weber, Max, 86 173, 178–79 Webern, Anton von, 42 Zimbalist, Efrim, 190 Wedeking Verlag, Berlin, 15 Zimmermann, Erich, 100 Weidt, Lucie, 64, 66 Zinne, Wilhelm, 59 Weil, Irving, 146 Zuckerkandl, Bertha, 42, 77, 87, 136, 305 Weill, Kurt, 74, 91 Zweig, Fritz, 62, 253–54 Weingartner, Felix von, 9, 21, 26, 42–43, Zweig, Stefan, 39, 49, 87 57–58, 170, 246 Zytowski, Carl, 254, 260