INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER NOVEMBER-DECEMBER, 1953

WHAT IS A GIRL?

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f % ' w 4 ,8 HOLIDAY GREETINGS

To all Harvester people and their families, my best wishes for a Joyous Christmas and a Happy New Year.

Company President INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER THERE IS A WAY

The Company some time ago received the following letter from one of its employes: VOLUME 5 NUMBER 3 "7 am a union man and believe in a decent standard of wages and working conditions for those who do the work. THE INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER EMPLOYE MAGAZINE I also believe that those who invest in business have the Gereon F. Zimmermann, Editor right to a fair return on their money. Surely, in a country as great as ours, we can produce both. United we stand, Staff Writers and Photographers divided we get Communism." Dale Parris Harry Williams Communism, of course, is shot full of hypocrisy and deceit.

PUBLISHED WITH THE HELP OF ALL IH EMPLOYES But in no aspect of its hypocrisy is it more contemptuous of the individual's ability to think for himself than in its propa­ Address communications to the editor. Consumer Relations Dept., ganda against profits and their role in capital formation. International Harvester Company, 180 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago 1, III, In its fury to prove that every imperfection experienced by (TODAY CREDITS: Cover, John Lewis Stage; Page 2, Devaney; Page 3, anyone in a democracy stems from capitalism, Communism Stage; Pages 4-9, Harry Williams; Pages 10-13, Stage; Pages 14-17, Stage; Pages 18-21, Angus MacDougall; Pages 22-28, Williams; Page 29, Williams; attacks private profits from every direction. Pages 30-31, Williams; Back Cover, Williams.) All evil is summed up in profits, say the Communists; there is nothing good about them; they only support the idle rich in luxury and grind down the honest laborer. The Communists know that if they can only persuade the people of the democracies to abolish profits, they would pave the most certain way to Communism. For capitalism cannot live without profits—that is, having something left over after all costs of producing goods and services are paid. The only means by which capitalism can regenerate itself, by which it can continue to provide the money with which to undertake new enterprises, is to accumulate capital through profits. Capitalism deprived of profits is like a man deprived of his heartbeat. So, the Harvester employe who has written us probably has observed for himself that he didn't put up the money which bought the tools with which he works, or built the factory that houses him and his job, or furnished the sales outlet through which his product is sold, or performed a hundred other neces­ THE FRONT COVER STORY sary functions to give him his job. Susan King, daughter of the Herb Kings of Albany, He has observed that other people furnished this money! N. Y., is the cover girl for TODAY and the centerpiece He probably has observed for himself that any good com­ in the illustrated version of "What Is A Girl?" on Pages 14 through 17. Susan & Family really worked pany for which to work must be a company that earns a profit. together during the photographic production of the There is no more certain way for a Harvester employe to pro­ story. Mrs. King was a mother turned stagehand and mote insecurity in his job than to advocate that Harvester be hairdresser, Brother Bob ran errands. Susan's father, prevented from earning a profit. And yet, there are those who Motor Truck Zone Manager Herb King, of the Albany constantly blast at us for any profits, however reasonable, and District, helped on the night shifts of the camera sessions. Text for the story is reproduced through the work constantly to undermine them! courtesy of the New England Mutual Life Insurance A Communist economy, however, can no more operate Company. Two other stories continue the TODAY without capital than can a democracy. Russia has to get the tradition of making its November-December issue one capital somewhere with which to build its factories, its machine for all of the family. Readers will see the Jerald Hagartys of Milwaukee Works cut their own tools, its power plants, its state stores, its railroads, and mines. Christmas tree as illustrated on Pages 18 through It obtains its capital ruthlessly. It simply takes it out of the 21. And PTA members will appreciate the trials of labor of its people arbitrarily. The masters of the Russian state Springfield (Ohio) Works employes' wives as they determine how much total labor must be expended to build manage some civic chores at the Highlands School. a new power plant or a factory, and men and women are herded on to that job until it is finished. Our employe says that surely in a country as great as ours it is possible for us, working together, to produce both fair and CONTENTS decent wages and working conditions and at the same time IN THIS ISSUE: obtain profits adequate to give the owners of our company a A Christmas Greeting 2 fair return on their capital. He is right. No other country in the There Is a Way 3 world has even come close to perfecting an economic system Credit Manager 4 that rewards both employes and owners. More People 6 Here in America profits are no more an evil than wages. Farmers' Museum 10 Each is a necessity in our way of doing things. Harvester Roots of Progress 12 believes in good wages and pays them. It believes in good work­ What Is a Girl? 14 ing conditions and provides them. It believes in employe security and tries to afford it within the means of its capacity. Christmas Tree Forest 18 It believes in fair profits for its share owners, too, and tries Cripple Creek Gold 22 to provide them. Want to Get Rich? 26 The employe who has written us has sounded the right note Santa's Helpers 29 for both—employe and share owner—a desire to see the other Ladies of the PTA 30 fellow treated fairly, too. Martin Koziatek—Award Winner 32 CREDIT MANAGER

Nat Irwin Balances Confidence and Caution To Help Keep Sales Levels High at Omaha

{The U.S. business system makes the widest that is brief and precise, as is his way as and customers is a sort of fever chart that use of credit financing in all the world. credit manager of the Omaha Sales is required reading early in the day. And "Time payments" have become a vital part District. all over the nation, at the Company's of everyday living. This is the story of Nat "How's the cash this morning?" he asks other district offices, credit managers are Irwin, Omaha Sales District credit manager, of Arba Miles, Omaha office manager. doing the same, at almost the same time. and the Company's credit and collection Miles then gives him an estimate of the Money must move from buyer to seller, operation.) amount in the incoming mail. Later in the from seller to wage earners, suppliers, day, Irwin will get the exact figures from stockholders (and tax collectors). Only Every morning he is in his office, Nat the daily bank deposit slip. To him, the then can factories operate to build prod­ Irwin makes a phone call at about 10:30 flow of money from Omaha district dealers ucts for sale.

NAT IRWIN, OMAHA DISTRICT CREDIT MANAGER, HAS A JOB THAT MAKES HIM A PULSE-TAKER OF THE DAILY ECONOMIC SITUATION

TODAY TEAMWORK WITH SALES is a most important aspect of a credit manager's job. Here, Irwin (left) talks with H. L. Sawvell, Omaha General Sales District manager. Working with the sales groups and IH dealers, Irwin must balance confidence and caution to help gain high dollar level of product sales volume.

Irwin, a slightly built, greying man Omaha, Irwin is charged with the admin­ profitable sales volume. The customer whose brown eyes have seen 34 years of istration of all credit functions in the should be able to buy the equipment that ups, downs and levels in IH business operation of the General Sales district, will enable him to operate his own busi­ activity, has a job that helps to keep managed by H. L. Sawvell, and the Motor ness at a profit. Proper extension of credit money moving. He must, as he says, Truck district, managed by Buford Mullin. for dealers and users is one of our most "Mix confidence with caution, to help sell "We all want high sales volume, and we effective selling aids." Harvester goods. But always with the need it to stay in business," notes Irwin. Credit is a powerful economic force in certainty that we will get paid for those "And the credit manager must help in the U.S. It is obvious that the nation's machines we have delivered." that sales effort by his judgment of economy depends on (1) volume produc­ "Balance" and "teamwork" are words dealers' and customers' needs and ability. tion to bring low unit cost to the buyer that the former Tennessee county school I would say that we balance optimism and and (2) constant replacement of "old" superintendent uses often when he de­ realism to do the job. A dealer, for ex­ products by new ones. Buying by install­ scribes his relationships with the Omaha ample, must stock those machines in ment keeps alive a big demand for volume sales managers. As credit manager at quantity that will enable him to have production. It enables a user to have a

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OMAHA DISTRICT stretches westward from the rolling bottomlands of the Mis­ souri river to the beginning of the Great Plains coun­ try. It is largely a rural area. The District has 82 General Sales dealerships, and 71 dealers who sell the Motor Truck and General Sales lines. Gross sales from this area were more than $10 million in 1952.

TODAY CREDIT MANAGER Continued

MORE OF PEOPLE THAN FIGURES AND FACTS

product today, by paying for it out of From this source he then pays the Com­ Company as a collector for the Cheyenne tomorrow's income. pany. And there may well be another office. In 1928, he was made credit man­ Every business has developed a system credit step in this sales picture. For the ager for that office. Transferred to Dodge that best fits its needs. Housing mortgages customer may be borrowing money to City, Kan., in 1932, he landed in the dust are primary examples of long-term credit buy our product. The customer uses his bowl, and says, "I never worked so hard, covering 10, 20, and even 30 years. The credit to pay the dealer, and may have with so little satisfaction of accomplish­ short, 30-day credit account is familiar to obtained the money from a bank. ment." These were the years when farm every man in the house, particularly if his "While Harvester has facilities for the income was hardly a trickle, and farmers wife gets downtown with any regularity. financing of retail sales, our dealers and put seed into dust with prayerful hopes All forms of credit help to promote the their bankers have handled a major part for rain. sale of merchandise, from houses to of this business at the local level since Farm income fell (wheat was selling at furniture. 1946. Harvester has encouraged this mu­ 16 cents a bushel), but Irwin remembers To promote the sale of its goods, Har­ tually advantageous arrangement at all those days as the time when his faith in vester has financing plans to serve its times. the farmer as a credit risk was bolstered. dealers and the retail buyers. From almost all appearances, Irwin's He moved to Hutchinson, Kan., in 1934, "It would be unusual for a dealer to work is figures and facts. But, in final and three years later to Omaha. His two pay cash for every machine we wholesale analysis, it really rests with people and sons, too, have stayed in the West. to him," Irwin explains. "So the Company their performances in the business sphere. Than, who is 32, is assistant district man­ arranges to extend credit to him, if he Fittingly enough, Irwin began with the ager at the Mason City, Iowa, district. wants it. Discounts are available to Company in 1919 as a personnel man at Jim, who is 26, is also with the Company dealers who do pay cash within the dis­ the IH coal mines in Benham, Ky. He was as a General Sales zone manager with the count period. Dealer floor plan terms employment manager in 1925 when he Lincoln, Nebr., office. His two daughters, require normal charges for the use of the yielded to a lifelong urge to "go west." Mary Lou and Wanda, chose the East money. The dealer gets his money from a For a short time, he operated a business and now live in Dover, Del., and Balti­ customer when he makes a retail sale. in Riverton, Wyo. Then he returned to the more, Md. With his uncured fondness for

MOTOR TRUCK District Manager at Omaha is Buford Mullin. He, CREDIT AND COLLECTION team at Omaha includes E. S. Robbins too, works in close cooperation with Credit Manager Irwin to offer (right), assistant manager, and W. J. Montgomery, a collector. Other International truck buyers the best possible deal on time purchases. collectors include E. K. Nickerson, R. B. Kremers and C. F. Bacon.

TODAY LOCAL FINANCING for buyers of International products is a policy dealer at Norfolk, Nebr., discusses financing arrangements for a used- endorsed by the Company. Hank Schmode (left), IH Motor Truck truck customer with L.Gillette, president of Norfolk National Bank.

BUSINESS CONDITIONS REPORT is a summary of the local economic MRS. IRWIN is used to the traveling ways of IH Sales personnel, for picture that Irwin dictates to Mrs. Margaret Hatterman each month. Nat Irwin is often on the road (72 days in 1952) visiting with dealers Similar analyses of trends are prepared at all IH Sales Offices. in the territory. Mrs. Irwin is a former Omaha Sales District employe.

TODAY Continued on next page 7 CREDIT MANAGER Continued

"NO BETTER CREDIT RISK" is Irwin's appraisal of the U.S. farmer as a Like Ray Anderson of Fremont, Nebr., many U.S. farmers have buyer of IH products, reflecting Company's faith in its first market. bought IH machinery on time payments, paid for them in use.

travel, Irwin manages to see all of his seven grandchildren just about every two years or so. During Irwin's long experience with the Company, he has seen credit financing grow tremendously in its volume and its detail. Thirty years ago, extension of credit to retail customers was an almost informal process. Small down payments, with the balance due from two harvests, and a thumb-rule judgment of the buyer's prospects formed the early system. Col­ lectors would send "meet me" notices to customers, set up a table in a hotel room and make cash collections or renewals and extensions, as was often necessary. Through the years of this development, IH was a pioneer in its belief that the farmer was a good risk. This faith paid off, as is noted in the Company's growth, expanded pro­ duction and employment since the 20s. Another major line of Harvester prod­ ucts—motor trucks—presents an entirely different credit field with which Nat Irwin has long been familiar. The evolu­ tion of the motor truck industry, from the horse-drawn wagon to the modern motor freight systems, has depended greatly on the intelligent and productive use of credit over the last 30 years. Irwin's knowledge and experience in the financing of this industry has provided him an invaluable background in the handling of present-day time sales of motor truck equipment. Today, Irwin's job has much of the role of the financial advisor in it. Working closely with the sales groups, he has a thorough knowledge of dealer operations in his district. He has a day-to-day "feel" ALWAYS AN UNCHARTED RISK is the weather, with its unpredictable effects on the farmer's of the business pace in his area. He watches cash crops, and his income. This year, the drought hit many farmers in the Omaha district, counting on big corn yields for livestock feeding. Almost 80 % of the crop was below normal. farm commodity prices. This year, when

8 TODAY much of the Omaha farm area was hit by drought, farm income was affected. Irwin knew that the trend would have a marked effect on sales and collections, and his "business conditions reports" to the Gen­ eral Offices and District Managers Saw­ vell and Mullin reflected those judgments. In today's competitive market, credit terms available to a buyer can either lose or close a sale. IH's plans are the most highly developed in the field. They have been "engineered" with competition in mind, just as IH products are engineered. "IH's Income Purchase Plan is one of our best sales tools," says Irwin, "because it gears a customer's paying ability to his 'paydays.' The farmer's paydays will vary with his crops and farm operation. Our plan enables him to pay for the product while it is being used." Thus, in the constant efforts to keep sales at high levels, the Company's credit HARVESTER DEALER Don Gifford, of Fremont (second from left), and Irwin meet with Roland managers help to close sales, to keep Gaeth and Tom Millikin of the Fremont National Bank to finalize a deal on the purchase of a assembly lines running. Farmall Super M tractor by one of Gilford's customers who is using the Income Purchase Plan.

A "CASE HISTORY" OF THE I H INCOME PURCHASE PLAN IN THE SALE OF A FARMALL SUPER M TRACTOR

His "paydays" vary. Here is what he gets at eachi io f them. in two years.

A farmer with these productive assets buys a Super M Farmall from his dealer in July, 1953:

Owns 80 acres, rents 140 acres (He has 65 acres in oats, 95 in corn) He is raising 35 market hogs. $650 $1,900 $2,560 The Farmall Super M costs $2,900 (app.)

He pays $50 in cash, gets $1,000 on a used tractor trade-in. He owes the dealer $1,850 plus $165 in finance charges, a total of $2,015.

$650 $1,900 $2,560

^B ... 9 From the above gross income, his payments are scheduled according to his seasonal "paydays" in this manner.

JAN. FEB. MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC.

1953 From Hogs From Oats From Corn $150 $200 $675

JAN. FEB. MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC.

1954 Hogs From Hogs From Oats From Corn $250 $150 $200 $390

TO HELP SELL IH PRODUCTS, the Company has finance plans that are It is here that the credit manager must balance confidence and tailored to the customer's needs and his ability to pay. In the caution in his effort to help keep sales (and IH factory payrolls) typical case history above, the customer's payments have been at high levels. Finance plans are available to buyers of motor trucks scheduled to meet with his particular seasonal paydays. Before and industrial power equipment. All Harvester finance plans are credit is extended to him, he has been rated as a good credit risk. based on the fact that IH products pay for themselves in use.

TODAY THE END FARMERS' MUSEUM It Keeps Alive the Past of Farming

On a small farm in New York's Susque­ hanna Valley, a wooden plow leans against a weathered fence and an old spinning wheel stands before a spacious farmhouse fireside. They are part of the scene of the Farmers' Museum, near Cooperstown. The museum is a farm-community of the early 1800's. In the rambling farmhouse, appropriately dressed demonstrators show how great-grandmother hetcheled flax, made cheeses, put out a washing and dipped tallow candles. In the fields beyond, visitors see how great-grandfather worked the farm with the tools of yesteryear. Here, too, is the store where they bought their provisions, the school their children went to, the smithy and the old cobbler's shop. In the words of its director, Dr. Louis C. Jones, the re-created com­ munity "is a museum of the plain people of yesterday who, in doing their daily work, built a great nation where there had been only a great forest." To young Johnny Hurlburt and his married cousins, Stuart and Fonda Hurl­ burt, of Otego, the museum tells a detailed story of the life of their rural ancestors who first settled the valley of the Susque­ hanna. On a recent visit to the museum, the young Hurlburts donned apparel of the by-gone era and, in the mood of a game, "lived" a day in the life of their pioneer forebears. Their adventures in the strange world of the past are pictured on these and the following pages.

MUSEUM VISITORS, Stuart and Fonda Hurlburt and children, Stuart, Jr., and Lorraine, are WITH A HICKORY CRADLE, STUART WOULD HARVEST ABOUT FOUR ACRES OF GRAIN A DAY descendents of pioneer New York farm family.

10 TODAY WORN MONUMENT to days when corn-planting time was determined by "STRONG AS AN OX" was, with good reason, the pioneer's superlative arrival of the first barn swallow, the wooden plow was cherished for power. A yoke of oxen was often the sole means of power for possession to those who cleared the great forests for cultivation. heavy farm chores, and the solution to problems of transport.

A PITCHFORK AND MAIN STRENGTH DID WORK STUART'S HAY BALER DOES. HIS BARN HAS GLASS-BRICK WINDOWS INSTEAD OF CHINKS BETWEEN LOGS

I U U A T Continued on next page 1 I FARMERS' MUSEUM Continued

THE ROOTS OF PROGRESS

For the young Hurlburts, the Farmers' Museum is more than a lesson in history. It is a personal legacy. Direct descendents of early American pio­ neers who helped settle the valley of the Susquehanna, Stuart Hurlburt and his father and brother still till the fertile fields of prosperous, productive Elm Grove Farm, 30 miles south of the Cooperstown museum. To young ITINERANT PEDDLER brought small wares and news Johnny, also raised on the farm, the from other clearings, sometimes exchanged cotton muzzled oxen and rocker churns he and silks for carded wool or farm produce. saw at Cooperstown were a far cry from Stuart's Farmall tractor and IH cream separators. In fact, the farming methods of 150 years ago were stranger to this 20th century lad than his first thoughts on outer space. New inven­ tions and modern farm machinery have brought to the Hurl­ burts' life a sharp contrast to that of their pioneer forefathers. But in the humble displays of the Farmers' Museum, they find a personal message from those who led the way to the progress they enjoy on their modern dairy farm, near Otego, New York.

BONNETS of original design were part of varied stock Fonda might have bought in the country store, eventual frontier successor to peddler's trade.

OPEN-FIRE cooking required use of heavy pots, MILK DELIVERY from Hurlburts' productive Elm Grove Farm, near long-handled forks. Pioneers often made their own Otego, is one of endless jobs for the busy International pickup. The utensils, engineering such items as flour sifters, early American farmer could raise barely enough to meet his own lemon squeezers, cabbage sifters, cake decorators. needs, with a little left over to serve as barter at the country store.

12 TODAY DUNCE CAPS OF OLD, and a stout birch rod, were part of the world of learning SPACE SHIPS OF TOMORROW, a current interest in the frontier school. The schoolteacher might board with the family all of Johnny's, hold less mystery for him than winter, and Johnny's schooling might have been paid for with a cord of many of the strange inventions he examined seasoned hardwood, or the daily task of waking the fire in the school stove. during his visit to the Farmers' Museum.

HURLBURTS' PROSPEROUS ELM GROVE FARM IS A TYPICAL PICTURE OF THE PROGRESS MADE IN U. S. FARM PRODUCTIVITY

TODAY THE END 13

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What Is a Girl?

• •$••- -IT .#¥8 J . a little bit of angel-sbine about them ...... motherhood dragging a doll . as precious as rubies

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Little girls are the nicest things that happen to people. They are born with a little bit of angel-shine about them and though it wears thin sometimes, there is always enough left to lasso your heart—even when they are sitting in the mud, or crying temperamental tears, or parading up the street in mother's best clothes. A little girl can be sweeter (and badder) oftener than anyone else in the world. She can jitter around, and stomp, and make funny noises that frazzle your nerves, yet just when you open your mouth, she stands there demure with that special look in her eyes. A girl is Innocence playing in the mud, Beauty standing on its head, and Motherhood dragging a doll by the foot. Girls are available in five colors—black, white, red, yellow, or brown, yet Mother Nature always manages to select your favorite color when you place your order. They disprove the law of supply and demand—there are millions of little girls, but each is as precious as rubies. God borrows from many creatures to make a little girl. He uses the song of a bird, the squeal of a pig, the stubbornness of a mule, the antics of a monkey, the spryness of a grasshopper, the curiosity of a cat, the speed of a gazelle, the slyness of a fox, the softness of a kitten, and to top it all off He adds the mysterious mind of a woman. A little girl likes new shoes, party dresses, small animals, first grade, noise makers, the girl next door, dolls, make-believe, dancing lessons, ice cream, kitchens, coloring books, make-up, cans of water, going visiting, tea parties, and one boy. She doesn't care so much for visitors, boys in general, large dogs, hand-me-downs, straight chairs, vegetables, snow suits, or staying in the front yard. She is loudest when you are thinking, the prettiest when she has pro­ voked you, the busiest at bedtime, the quietest when you want to show her off, and the most flirtatious when she absolutely must not get the best of you again. Who else can cause you more grief, joy, irritation, satisfaction, embar­ rassment and genuine delight than this combination of Eve, Salome, and Florence Nightingale? She can muss up your home, your hair, and your dignity spend your money, your time, and your temper—then just when your patience is ready to crack, her sunshine peeks through and you're lost again. Yes, she is a nerve-racking nuisance, just a noisy bundle of mischief. But when your dreams tumble down and the world is a mess—when it seems you are pretty much of a fool after all—she can make you a king when she climbs on your knee and whispers, "I love you best of all!"

By Alan Heck. Copyright 1950—New England Mutual Life Insurance Co.—Boston, Mass. f* -Jit

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The Hagartys Visit THE CHRISTMAS TREE FOREST

1R TODAY At Christmastime, the bright, green farmlands of southern Wis­ consin are softly blanketed with the year's first deep snow. Along the crests of the snow-laden hills, dense growths of dark-green firs spread an endless scene of Christmas across the land. Here, in a land nature has endowed with the traditional yule tide landscape, finding a family Christmas tree is never a problem. And, for Milwaukee Works employe Jerald Hagarty and his family, of Pewaukee, there is usually the added fun of a winter sleigh ride across snow-bound farmlands to search out their own specially chosen tree. This year, the Hagartys climbed aboard a high-speed cutter and sleighed into the glistening Christmas Tree Forest of the Charles Philip Fox farm, near the town of Oconomowoc. Their winter-wonderland search for "just the right tree" is pictured on these and the following pages.

Continued on next page

TODAY A BLUE SKY, A BLANKET OF SNOW, AN

OPEN SLEIGH AND A SPIRITED HORSE THE HAGARTY MEN LEAVE THE CUTTER AND SELECT A SPECIAL TREE MAKE EVERYTHING RIGHT FOR THE

HAGARTYS' CHRISTMAS TREE HUNT

JERALD AND HIS SON, JON, BRING THEIR PRIZE OUT OF THE FOREST

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IN LIVING ROOM of Hagarty home (left), decorating job begins, and ends (right) with Hagarty children Linda, Jon, Maren com­ JON HAGARTY TAKES TIME OUT TO MEASURE DEPTH OF SNOW pleting finishing touches.

20 TODAY TODAY THE END 21 ens

Directly behind Pike's Peak, as you come off the Great Plains and approach it from the east, lies the tiny town of Cripple Creek. It is one of the famous towns in American history. It used to be the world's greatest gold camp. The gold hoard dis­ covered there in 1890 has never run out. Multimillionaires were born in a golden shower. The new wealth brought tragedy to some, made fools of others, affected still others not at all. It built up a wild, supercharged atmosphere, featuring stage­ coach robbing and train banditry in the old western tradition, roaring gun battles, dynamitings, and a terrible labor war. The town (20,000 pop.) burned down a couple of times. For a few years it seemed the only job of its police was to keep the fist fighting on a fair basis. Today, in the comparative calm of Cripple Creek, echoes of the greatest avalanche of gold to hit the nation seem to refuse to be stilled. Tourists can hear it, and it always sends many of them away in awe. But the hush of history in the place is not all there is. Far down in the bowels of the mountain, half a mile down, Cripple Creek's miners are again busy mining gold.

TONS OF GOLD, 625 tons to be ex­ act, have come out of the Cripple Creek camp, and more remains to be taken. Inflation did not boost the fixed price of gold as it did the costs of mining it; with gold price set by Federal law at $35 an ounce, that is Cripple Creek's problem today. Miners have turned to more efficient methods of milling gold ores.

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CRIPPLE CREEK, COLORADO, golden nest that has hatched out thirty millionaires, was once the storm center of a gold camp of 50,000 souls, the world's largest. The town lies in a two-mile-high mountain valley on the west slope of Pike's Peak between Colorado's magnificent Front Range and the snow - capped peaks of the Sangre de Cristo mountains, of the great Continen­ tal Divide, seen 50 miles away. 22 SOLID GOLD "bricks," regularly produced by Cripple Creek to­ day, bring more than $30,000 a- piece at the Denver Mint, weigh in neighborhood of 100 pounds. Tourists are stirred by the ex­ perience of just seeing this much pure gold, are astounded to discover its amazing weight.

TWO MILLION dollars recently spent to build the great Carlton Gold Mill at Cripple Creek brought the better, cheaper cyanide process for extracting gold from its ores. It has brought new hopes, more miners. All gold mined in the district is accepted for processing at this mill.

HISTORIC Colorado Trading & Transfer Company, which played a dramatic role in the 60-year story of Cripple Creek gold, operates three International L-210 trucks in a vast reworking of the ore dumps of the famous old mines. Inefficient milling processes left much gold to be recovered in these mountainous piles of ore. Truckload here is bound for huge Carlton Gold Mill (center).

TODAY Continued on next page 23 CRIPPLE CREEK GOLD Continued

ECHOES OF THE GREAT YELLOW FLOOD

It is surprising to many to learn that gold in the ground can't be raked into piles, scooped into a barrow, and wheeled to the bank. The colossal labor of mining it, and the expensive business of milling it makes gold more precious than ever. Cripple Creek, which broke all rules, provided a weird exception to this rule, too. In the fall of 1914, young Dick Roelofs, working deep in a once-bankrupt mine at Cripple Creek, discovered that he had blasted an opening into a kind of underground room. It was what miners call a "vug." Geologists call it a "geode;" it is a hollow rock, rather round in shape. But this one was 40 feet high, 20 feet long, and 15 feet wide. And when Roelofs thrust his head and a torch into the room, he got the shock of his life. At first the brightness blinded him. Then his eyes began to adjust to the fire of millions of gold crystals spread over the walls and roof of the room, mingled with flakes of pure gold the size of one's thumbnail. The floor of the cave was covered with glittering mounds of it. It was a fairy tale come true in the belly of a Colorado mountain, and it was worth a fortune. The "pure stuff' was shoveled into sacks. It filled 1,400 of them. Another 1,000 sacks of good gold ore was brought out. Then the walls were removed, sent to the mill, and in a month's time the treasure had earned $1,200,000. At today's gold price and today's dollar, it would have meant five times that much. The Cripple Creek gold field, the most fantastic hoard of gold wealth the world had ever seen, was first discovered in 1890, by a cowboy whose name was Womack. Womack sold it for $500. When he died, after years of poverty, he didn't have a dime.

AMOUNT of gold taken from Cripple Creek mines is hard to conceive. It brought $400,000,000.00 in terms of the pre-inflationary dollar. 24 MINERS have used donkeys, mules, horses, trains, aerial trams, and motor trucks to get their gold ore to "civilization" to be proc­ essed, and have even carried it out of the mountains on their backs. At Cripple Creek today, motor trucks have inherited the job. These two International L-210's are Fort Wayne products, with special dump bodies.

GOLD, right, is seldom found alone except in the case of nuggets (second from right, top), which have been picked up from creek beds. The three pieces of high-grade gold ore at the right are heavily encrusted with many small gold particles. The remainder of the samples are fairly pure gold, now separated from the minerals with which it was found.

MOTOR TRUCK TRANSPORTATION MAKES POSSIBLE THE LARGE-SCALE GOLD ORE HAULING AND REFINING DEMANDED BY QUALITY OF ORE NOW MINED CRIPPLE CREEK GOLD Continued

WANT TO GET RICH? HERE'S HOW YOU DO IT,

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v. 4* 4k '; FIRST look for "float"—gold-bearing ore in the SECOND leave rock monument at find, move THIRD dig at heaviest float concentration to overburden that erosion has broken loose around original find, following float, being find vein, driving a shaft or tunnel. It may from lode. Crack it, look for traces of gold. careful to check concentration of the float. be necessary to dig in several directions.

HAND TOOLS for a one-man gold-mining job include many that are of fuse hint of the dangers met, the courage needed. The classic familiar ones. They are also an indication of the labor involved in miner's helmet and carbide lamp is seen at upper right. A frying pan finding gold. The two sticks of dynamite (center, right) and coil doubles as a sampling pan. Air hammers, also, have come into wide use.

26 TODAY WITH LUCK

FOURTH after finding vein (the big "IF") and its direction, file claim with county, name the claim. Law limits claim to 10-acre area.

FIFTH patent the claim, by having it surveyed to establish its exact location. Taxes will have to be paid after the patent is granted.

RUFUS PORTER, who here shows TODAY'S readers how to find and mine gold, has the blend of SIXTH remove ore to mill, to be sampled, intelligence, "sixth sense," and faith that marks the veteran gold miner. In his one-man "Fort assayed to determine its gold-bearing content Knox, Jr." mine, Rufus has found gold ore that is running better than $261 a ton. Porter also (and hence its price), processed, and sold. has some fame as a western poet. For an abbreviated sample of his work, see next page.

TODAY Continued on next page 27 '^•^•: S:^kix^SA I r Mn I Mil Tllilll

CENTER OF CRIPPLE CREEK'S ROMANTIC AND UPROARIOUS HISTORY IS ITS BENNETT AVENUE, WHERE THE GLORY THAT GOLD BROUGHT STILL SEEMS NEAR

TALES OF GOLDEN TIMES,

FAITH THAT NEVER DIES,

AND SHINING MOUNTAINS

Today, big power shovels bite at the mountain­ sides and scoop up old waste piles in the Cripple Creek area. Big trucks take the ore loads over rough, steep roads. The trucks bring them to giant mills where the ore is refined. Paydirt means thousands of cubic yards of earth, THE GREAT YEARS left their unforgettable stamp on these veterans, whose faith in Cripple's golden hills will never die. carefully refined to free the grains of gold from the lesser minerals that hold it fast. But memory almost glistens more brightly than the gold being taken from Cripple Creek. Gold is a fever as much as it is a pursuit. Miners like Rufus Porter, who have spent their lives in gold fields, will never forget the great and lucky finds that brought millions. Porter has even gone to poetry to dramatize this chase for fortune. In a part of his poem about "Dynamite Dan," he writes:

Dynamite Dan, the hard rock man, From Zanzibar to Nome, Chased phantom gold through heat and cold And he found it near to home . . . One fine day toward the last of May, When the frost had left the ground, He started a cellar and, lucky feller, Beneath his house he found The gold he'd sot and never got In his whole big world-wide search . . . It had waited still up on the hill, MEMORIES of the magic time when a three-dollar-a-day carpenter sold his mine for Beneath Dan's lofty perch. a flat ten million dollars will always stay with the citizens of Cripple Creek. By contrast, the normal gold production of today seems a let-down, although one Cripple Creek mine, the Portland, recently passed the sixty-million-dollar mark.

28 TODAY THE END SANTA CLAUS, A TELEPHONE OPERATOR, A DELIVERY MAN AND THE MILWAUKEE BOSTON STORE MEET A CHRISTMAS EVE DEADLINE SANTAS HELPERS IH Trucks Help Santa Make His Rounds

As the busy Christmas season approaches, dreds of parcels leave the store's loading the shipping rooms of Milwaukee's bus­ platforms, destined for top closet shelves tling Boston Store bulge with towering of homes in every corner of the city. To stacks of bright, gift-wrapped packages. accomplish this mammoth task, the Bos­ For, here, in this midwest city, Santa's ton Store relies on 26 new Metro motor gigantic task of meeting a Christmas Eve trucks and seven International Fageol deadline in thousands of homes gets an Vans of the Barry fleet. In a season which early start. His helpers in the task are the doubles the store's "normal" volume of OLD SAINT NICK (Alton Gritzner), Driver Jack Cavenger and Telephone Operator Mary Jo Boston Store and the Barry Parcel Serv­ deliveries, Santa's helpers deliver parcels Flanagan form a Christmas delivery team. ice. Each fleeting day, additional hun­ all over the city 24 hours after purchase.

TODAY 29 CANDY COUNTER sales were full-time job for Mrs. Frank A. Carter, HOMEMADE PIES were served by Mrs. C. W. Anderson (left) at Jr., wife of Frank A. Carter, Jr., Springfield Works spot welder. buffet supper. Her husband is assistant works manager of IH plant.

LADIES OF THE PTA

Springfield Works Wives Help Stage a Fall Festival at Highlands School

In the "old auditorium" of Springfield's (Ohio) Highlands Ele­ mentary School, members of the Highlands Parent-Teachers Association gathered on an autumn afternoon and began the task of transforming the barren room into a gay fiesta hall. Three hours later, the auditorium, decorated in a Halloween motif and ringed with games and amusements, opened its doors to a jumping throng of chattering, brightly costumed children. In their wake, patient parents paused to buy strips of tickets and released the shouting youngsters into the midst of the growing bedlam. When the party had ended, four hours later, the tired PTA women, including five wives of Springfield Works employes, stayed behind to set the place in order, count the proceeds from ticket sales and several hundred buffet-style suppers. As in hundreds of American communities, the almost endless energy of the Highlands PTA is turned to the improvement of local school facilities. Aside from routine activities designed to better the life of school children, the group organizes and executes frequent projects to gather funds for the school. Out of earnings from periodic chili suppers, lawn fetes, waste-paper collection drives and the annual Fall Festival, the Highlands School Parent-Teacher Association has purchased office furni­ ture for the school, visual education equipment, a multigraph A TIRED PRESIDENT, Mrs. Belford Shirley, had job of planning program machine, and provided Christmas Party treats for the school for the Fall Festival. The Highlands School PTA originated as a children. Like Harvester employes throughout the nation, they, Mothers Club, affiliated with State organization in 1922. Her hus­ band is assistant chief cost accountant at the Springfield plant. too, are making their community a better place to five, and learn.

30 TODAY FOUR-LAYER CAKES, donated by PTA, made Mrs. Dwight E. Galloway's station A TABLE IS SET by former PTA Finance Chairman Mrs. a popular one. Her husband is a toolmaker at the Ohio motor truck plant. Charles Mellott. Her husband is a coordinator in Stores.

MRS. BURDETTE BAILEY TOLD FORTUNES WITH CHILDREN'S PLAYING CARDS ~&£L$&*>&4

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COSTUME JUDGING PICKED PRETTIEST, UGLIEST, MOST ORIGINAL COSTUMES SAUCY BUGS BUNNY IMPERSONATOR WAS FUNNIEST COSTUME WINNER

TODAY 31 TODAY

INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER

180 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, CHICAGO 1, ILL.

Form 3547 Requested

MARTIN KOZIATEK - SAFETY AWARD WINNER

On May 7, 1953, Martin Koziatek, a Milwaukee Works foum.. employe, saved the life of Stojan Tadich, a fellow employe whom Koziatek had known for 15 years. Tadich, a crane operator, was trapped in his overhead crane cab when a kerosene pressure tank exploded below him. The tank's 90-pound pressure sprayed flames 25 feet, enveloping the crane cab, which was 15 feet from the floor. With complete disregard for his own safety, Koziatek attempted to close the tank valves. Failing in this, he grabbed a nearby hose and applied water to the valves, cooling them sufficiently to handle. After cutting the air supply to the pressure tank, he then directed a stream of water to the ladder from the crane cab. It cooled the ladder, enabling Tadich to climb down to safety. Had not Koziatek exercised clear thinking and immediate action, Tadich would have been trapped in his cab and a fatality almost certainly would have resulted. In recogni­ tion of his distinguished Safety service, Koziatek received the Harold F. McCormick Safety Medal from Executive Vice Presi­ dent R. P. Messenger. He is the third IH employe to receive the McCormick Award, highest award for an employe who voluntarily saves, or attempts to save the life of a fellow employe.

MEDAL WINNER Martin Koziatek (above, left), with Stojan Tadich, whom he rescued, is pre­ sented (right) McCor- mick Safety Award by Executive Vice Presi­ dent R. P. Messenger at a special ceremony held at Milwaukee Works.

PRINTED IN UNITED STATES OF AMERICA—-Harvester Press.