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Winter 1979-80 the HELLENISTIC WRECK at SERCE LIMAN

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Winter 1979-80 the HELLENISTIC WRECK at SERCE LIMAN Winter 1979-80 THE HELLENISTIC WRECK AT SERCE LIMAN In 1973, when sponge diver Mehmet A$kin (see PROFILE) led George Bass to the 11th century "Glass Wreck" at Ser9e Liman, Turkey, he revealed another loca­ tion, closer to the harbor mouth, which had also produced amphoras. Although it was known that this site had ·been heavily looted of amphoras prior to 1973, an initial dive that year, and a further probe in 1978 indicated that some amphoras were still present. This past summer, Bass requested that Cemal Pulak, Turkish graduate student and veteran of INA excavations since 1975, supervise a test of this site to determine its extent and evaluate its po­ tential. Pulak and Bass were surprised to find that the looters had removed only the visible upper layers of amphoras. More than a hundred amphoras, in two sizes, were recorded on the site plan and raised to the surface during this initial work. In one two-meter grid section a test pit was excavated to a depth of more than a meter, revealing the presence of a variety of A section of the Hellenistic site, located 35 meters below the surface at the foot of a submarine cliff. material. In the last days of the work, what in 1980 to determine the feasibility of seemed to be a rocky slope above the further work on this Hellenistic site. wreck was found to be instead a massive In anticipation of the continuing activities rock-slide of huge boulders which lie partly on the Hellenistic site we here provide over the wreck. Although the removal of Newsletter readers with a glimpse of the these boulders may be too difficult or too initial work in this brief two-page pictorial dangerous to allow complete excavation, essay. Pilato: Don Frey plans have been made for a team to return The Hellenistic Wreck (continued) Millstones, ballast stones, small globular vessels without handles, and pottery fragments were encountered at the bottom of the test pit, just above the first traces of wood remains. George Bass and Don Frey at work on the site. Photo: Pilar Luna Amphoras recovered from the site were carried As the test excavation continued and new features emerged, to the decompression stop for temporary stor­ supervisor Cemal Pulak daily updated the site plan using excavation age and later raised to the surface. After remov­ notes and photographs. ing and examining their contents, the amphoras were given conservation treatment and shipped to the Bodrum Museum. Photo: Don Frey Ann Bass carried out the painstak­ ing, but essential, task of mending amphoras recovered from the site. These will be included in the study of capacities of amphoras from the wreck. Photo: Don Frey Contrary to original expectations, a quantity of varied artifactual material has been recovered from the site. Careful study, research and analy­ sis of this material has yet to be undertaken. Photo: Don Frey 2 PEOPLE AND PROJECTS THRACIA PONTICA George Bass and Don Frey, with other ject. .. Don Keith's article on the Shin an site George F. Bass, with Texas A&M graduate INA staff and volunteers, continue daily in Korea is the cover story in the most students Robert Adams and Dorothy work on the "Glass Wreck" material at the recent edition of Archaeology (Vol. 33, Slane, were the only American representa­ Bodrum Castle Museum while making No. 2) .. INA and the work at Ser~e Liman tives at Thracia Pontica I, the first interna­ plans for the 1980 field season in Turkey were the subject of an impressive New tional symposium on the Black Sea and ... Robin Piercy is back in Mombasa, York Times Sunday Supplement story the Mediterranean World, held at Sozopol, Kenya, directing the final planned season (January 27, 1980) by Robert Rhein­ Bulgaria, from October 9 to October 12, of excavation on the Santo Antonio de hold ... IJNA has recently published articles 1979. Dr. Bass delivered a paper on the Tanna ... Fred van Doorninck and Dick or notes by Jeremy Green, Cynthia Eise­ Yassi Ada Seventh-Century ship and its Steffy are busy in College Station with a man, Robin Piercy and A&M Nautical stu­ Black Sea connections, and also presided full schedule of teaching duties at Texas dent, Carol Olsen . .. The INA Tour article, at one of the sessions. The Symposium A&M University. Dick reports that a pilot originally scheduled for this issue of the was attended by scholars from a dozen model of the "Glass Wreck" is underway in Newsletter will appear in a later edition countries, and the INA group was espe­ the model shop . Roger Smith, Director of ... Cynthia Eiseman and Ken Cassavoy cially pleased to spend several evenings the Cayman Islands project, has recently manned an INA booth at the "Science in exchanging ideas with Dr. Michael returned from several weeks archival re­ Archaeology" exhibit during the December Lazarov, author of a book on nautical search in London, The Hague, Seville and AlA meetings in Boston ... and, in College archaeology in Bulgaria, and with Dr. Madrid ... Under the guidance of Don Station, INA Administrative Assistant, Joseph Brashinsky, a specialist on am­ Hamilton, A&M Nautical students (now Catherine Meyer, continues excavation phoras, from the Institute of Archaeology numbering 24) have been conserving and and analysis of the receipts from the 1979 in Leningrad. restoring material from the Caymans pro- field work. PROFILE The now-famous "Glass Wreck" and the nearby Hellenistic site have been the focus of INA field research in Turkey for the last four years. The location of these two wrecks through information supplied by Mehmet A§kin was the turning point in what was to become a highly successful survey, the results of which have deter­ mined INA excavation priorities in Turkey since 1973. Mehmet A§kin was born in 1927 in the town of Bozburun, a coastal community only a few miles north of Ser~e Liman. His first career, interrupted only by three years George Bass and Mehmet A§kin. Photo: l~ik Bekman of military service, was that of shoemaker. In 1956 Mehmet's family fell onto hard "I . joined KARDESHLER's crew out­ excavation. The site would have to be an times. An eldest son, he gave up the side the harbor coffeehouse, where we important one, with a well-preserved hull shoemaking trade and took to sea on his slowly sipped cups of thick, sweet Turkish and from a period which would fill the father's boat in the more lucrative profes­ coffee. The diver, Mehmet A$kin (pro­ chronological gaps between other wrecks sion of sponge fishing. During the next five nounced Ashkin), played cards at a neigh­ which George Bass and his colleagues years Mehmet worked for his father as boring table. He never glanced at us. After had already excavated. both captain and sponge-diver. Morale of the crew was at a low point half an hour I asked our Mehmet [Tur­ In 1961 the Turkish sponge market went guttekin] when something would hap­ when the survey vessel, under the gui­ into decline and Mehmet temporarily pen. He told me to be patient. dance of A§kin, entered the harbor of moved on to other things; however, after Mehmet A$kin finished his game and Ser~e Liman. Acting on his advice, five only two years, Mehmet was drawn by his approached, flanked by his companions at divers went down in two teams to locate a love for the sea to purchase his own vessel cards. With neither friendliness nor hostili­ place where bits of broken glass lay scat­ and return to sponging. Over the years his ty on his wide, dark face he affirmed that tered over the harbor bottom in about 11 0 search for sponges has taken him across he knew of several wrecks that he would feet of water. most of the Mediterranean coast of Tur­ show us .... "* The three Turks dived again that after­ key, from Silifke, near Mersin on the south­ Such was the inauspicious first meeting noon and returned after half an hour, their ern coast, to the Dardanelles in the north. between George Bass and Mehmet A§kin. hands laden with glass. Fragments of Although he no longer dives profession­ bowls and decanters and raw glass ingots Little did either man suspect that this ally, Mehmet continues to operate his encounter would lead eventually to the flashed purple and green and yellow as vessel, Turhan, and his fondness for his excavations of the Islamic "Glass Wreck" they laid them on the deck. work remains unabated. His prodigious "There's glass everywhere! You can't and the Hellenistic Wreck sites in Ser~e sponge-diver's memory, already so impor­ Liman. fan the sand without cutting your fingers. tant to INA, remains a storehouse of po­ By September of 1973, after two months It's a good one, George, a really good tential archaeological sites. of fruitless searching along the southwest­ one." ern coast of Turkey, INA's initial project, a Mehmet A$kin smiled for the first time. •An quotations taken from Archaeology Beneath the shipwreck survey, had yet to discover a He mentioned a cargo of amphoras only Sea, by George F. Bass. Walker and Co., (1975) New site worthy of becoming the Institute's first yards away .... • York. 3 THE PORTICELLO SHIPWRECK The Porticello shipwreck was dis­ covered in the Straits of Messina in 1969 by a Calabrese fisherman ; in the following months he and several scuba-diving as­ sociates looted the site and sold artifacts retrieved from it on the lucrative antiquities market.
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