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Matrilineal Kinship at Sea in Bougainville, PNG
HUMANIORA VOLUME 30 Number 3 October 2018 Page 223–236 Matrilineal Kinship at Sea in Bougainville, PNG Katharina Schneider Independent Researcher E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper explores matrilineal kinship in the Buka area, in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, from the perspective of saltwater people on Pororan Island. In Bougainville and elsewhere in Melanesia, anthropological research has highlighted the importance of joint work in the gardens, of sharing and exchanging garden food, and of negotiations of access to land for kinship and relatedness in the region. Where does this leave saltwater people, who often have only small areas of land of their own, take little interest in gardening and depend on traded sweet potatoes or imported rice for meeting their subsistence needs? In the first part of this paper, I discuss the “landed” bias in anthropological research on kinship, including matrilineal kinship. I then suggest complementary descriptive and analytic terms that may be useful for researchers who want to understand kin relations among saltwater people, based on my experiences among Pororan Islanders in Bougainville. Finally, I indicate the theoretical contribution that these terms can make to research on kinship in landed settings, as well. Keywords: matrilineal kinship; saltwater people; maritime anthropology; Bougainville; Papua New Guinea INTRODUCTION The topic of this paper is matrilineal kinship among 05. The Buka area includes Buka Island, locally Pororan Islanders in Bougainville, PNG, and its called -
Agricultural Systems of Papua New Guinea Working Paper No
AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA Working Paper No. 6 MILNE BAY PROVINCE TEXT SUMMARIES, MAPS, CODE LISTS AND VILLAGE IDENTIFICATION R.L. Hide, R.M. Bourke, B.J. Allen, T. Betitis, D. Fritsch, R. Grau, L. Kurika, E. Lowes, D.K. Mitchell, S.S. Rangai, M. Sakiasi, G. Sem and B. Suma Department of Human Geography, The Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia REVISED and REPRINTED 2002 Correct Citation: Hide, R.L., Bourke, R.M., Allen, B.J., Betitis, T., Fritsch, D., Grau, R., Kurika, L., Lowes, E., Mitchell, D.K., Rangai, S.S., Sakiasi, M., Sem, G. and Suma,B. (2002). Milne Bay Province: Text Summaries, Maps, Code Lists and Village Identification. Agricultural Systems of Papua New Guinea Working Paper No. 6. Land Management Group, Department of Human Geography, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra. Revised edition. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Entry: Milne Bay Province: text summaries, maps, code lists and village identification. Rev. ed. ISBN 0 9579381 6 0 1. Agricultural systems – Papua New Guinea – Milne Bay Province. 2. Agricultural geography – Papua New Guinea – Milne Bay Province. 3. Agricultural mapping – Papua New Guinea – Milne Bay Province. I. Hide, Robin Lamond. II. Australian National University. Land Management Group. (Series: Agricultural systems of Papua New Guinea working paper; no. 6). 630.99541 Cover Photograph: The late Gore Gabriel clearing undergrowth from a pandanus nut grove in the Sinasina area, Simbu Province (R.L. -
Material Culture of Papua New Guinea
Introduction to Pacific Review of Pacific Collections Collections: Material Culture in Scottish Museums of Papua New Guinea Produced as part of Pacific Collections in Scottish Museums: Unlocking their knowledge and potential project 2013-2014. For full information and resources visit www.nms.ac.uk/pacific The following summary provides an overview of material you are likely to come across in Scottish collections. These are written according to island region. Papua New Guinea The island of New Guinea is the second largest on earth after Greenland. The nation of Papua New Guinea, which is culturally part of Melanesia, occupies the eastern half of New Guinea along with a number of island groups including New Britain, New Ireland and Bougainville, which is geographically part of the Solomon Islands chain. The western half of New Guinea is known as West Papua and is a province of Indonesia. There are very few items from West Papua in Scottish collections. Archaeological evidence shows that human habitation of New Guinea began around 45,000 years ago with people moving east from Indonesia. Today Papua New Guinea includes the following provinces: Central; Simbu (Chimbu); Eastern Highlands; East New Britain; East Sepik; Enga; Gulf; Madang; Manus; Milne Bay; Morobe; New Ireland; Oro (Northern); Autonomous Region of Bougainville; Southern Highlands; Western (Fly); Western Highlands; West New Britain; Sandaun (West Sepik); National Capital District; Hela; and Jiwaka. The first Europeans to visit were Spanish and Portuguese explorers in the 16th century. Spanish explorer Yñigo Ortiz de Retez named the whole island New Guinea in 1545. It wasn’t until the 19th century that Europeans began to properly explore the area with surveys such as those of HMS Basilisk around 1873-4. -
GPS Results from the Woodlark Rift, Papua New Guinea, Geochem
PUBLICATIONS Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems RESEARCH ARTICLE Continental breakup and UHP rock exhumation in action: GPS 10.1002/2014GC005458 results from the Woodlark Rift, Papua New Guinea Special Section: Laura M. Wallace1, Susan Ellis2, Tim Little3, Paul Tregoning4, Neville Palmer2, Robert Rosa5, Lithospheric Evolution of Richard Stanaway6, John Oa7, Edwin Nidkombu7, and John Kwazi7 Cenozoic UHP Terranes: From Convergence to Extension 1Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA, 2GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand, 3School of Geography, Environment, and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 4Research 5 Key Points: School for the Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia, Surveying Department, University 6 7 GPS reveals crustal deformation and of Technology, Lae, Papua New Guinea, Quickclose Pty. Ltd., Carlton, Victoria, Australia, PNG National Mapping Bureau, microplate kinematics in the Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea Woodlark Basin, SE Papua New Guinea Exhumation of UHP rocks in We show results from a network of campaign Global Positioning System (GPS) sites in the Wood- southeastern PNG is associated with Abstract active crustal extension lark Rift, southeastern Papua New Guinea, in a transition from seafloor spreading to continental rifting. GPS Our results demonstrate that low- velocities indicate anticlockwise rotation (at 2–2.7/Myr, relative to Australia) of crustal blocks north of the rift, angle normal faults can slip at rates producing 10–15 mm/yr of extension in the continental rift, increasing to 20–40 mm/yr of seafloor spreading of several mm/yr or more at the Woodlark Spreading Center. Extension in the continental rift is distributed among multiple structures. -
Authenticity and Village-Based Tourism in the Trobriand Islands of Papua New Guinea Michelle Maccarthy
22 Touring ‘Real Life’? Authenticity and Village-based Tourism in the Trobriand Islands of Papua New Guinea Michelle MacCarthy Introduction Tina,1 a striking young woman of Iranian heritage, travelled on her own from Victoria, Australia, to spend two months in the islands of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG), with one of those months in the Trobriand Islands. When I spoke with her at length, Tina had been in the Trobriands for about a week and a half. She had stayed in the beachside village of Kaibola for a few days, and then travelled to Tauwema village on Kaileuna Island before returning to the largest island, Kiriwina. Tina organised village stays on the ground by asking around at the guest lodge and in the government station of Losuia. I spoke with Tina outside the small, local bush-materials house she was renting for a few days in Karidakula, the hamlet just 1 All participants were given the option, when briefed about my research and offered a Participant Information Sheet (PIS), to indicate their preference for my using their real name or a pseudonym. I have respected their wishes, but do not indicate here in which cases a pseudonym is used. 333 TOURING PACIFIC CulturES next to Butia Lodge,2 where she had just taken a ‘bucket shower’ in a temporary enclosure built for the purpose. The lodge, a well- established guest house with a generator, beds (as opposed to the mat on the floor on which Tina would have slept), and a kitchen stocked with imported foods, was no more than a few hundred metres away, but staying with a local family in each place was appealing to Tina, who preferred to ‘rough it’, as she put it, and make her money stretch to allow a longer visit. -
Revaluing Women's Wealth in the Contemporary Pacific
2 Doing away with Doba? Women’s Wealth and Shifting Values in Trobriand Mortuary Distributions Michelle MacCarthy Introduction The activity on the bukubaku, or centre of the hamlet, is frenzied. Throngs of women bend over giant baskets called pweia, which may stand more than a metre tall. Inside these baskets, and piled high on shallow trays made of coconut fronds called sekunona, are hundreds and hundreds of bundles of small, dry strips of banana leaves. One after another, women go to the centre of the bukubaku and call out a name, and more women, generally members of the deceased person’s matrilineage, rush to throw their bundles—five here, 10 there, but always in increments of five—on the various piles. Each pile is designated as a sort of payment to those who have provided assistance to the now deceased while ill, and immediately following the death, and who are not members of the deceased’s matriclan (Figure 6). At times, arguments arise over how these bundles, along with accompanying payments in colourful lengths of calico and notes and coins in kina,1 are redistributed. Despite being instigated by a death, these 1 The official state currency of Papua New Guinea (PNG). 61 SINUOUS OBJECTS mortuary distributions, called sagali in the Kiriwina vernacular,2 are more festive than mournful, and are a place where women direct and control resources that they have laboured to produce, in order to demonstrate the strength of their dala (matriclan). The scene described above represents the general atmosphere of a sagali and, in my nearly two years in Kiriwina, I saw similar scenes played out dozens and dozens of times. -
Black, White & Gold
4 Woodlark a people free to walk about Woodlark Island, over 40 miles in length and greater in area than Sudest, is lower and swampier than the other big islands of south-eastern Papua. Thick rain forest flourishes wherever the soil and drainage are adequate. The raised coral, mangroves, forest and small areas of garden lands of the west are divided from the east by the hills near Kulumadau in central Woodlark and the low Okiduse Range which rises at Mount Kabat in the north and culminates in a spear point of peninsula dominated by Suloga Peak. Inland from the mid-north coast and Guasopa Bay are extensive gardening lands. In 1895 the beach opposite Mapas Island was covered in stone chips, a clearing about a mile inland was strewn with more fragments, and beyond that near an old village site on the flank of Suloga Peak were acres of chips. For many generations men had mined on Woodlark, taking stone from rock faces exposed in a gully on Suloga and working it until it became a tool, wealth and art. The hard volcanic rock was flaked by striking it with another stone, ground in sand and water, and then polished in water and the powder coming away from the stone itself. At the old village site on Suloga and at other places on Woodlark were large slabs of rock each with a circular depression made by men grinding and polishing. In the most valuable blades the polishing highlighted a network of lighter bands, the result of the irregular laying down of the original volcanic ash. -
Note on the People and Languages of New Ireland and Admiralty Islands Author(S): Sidney H
Note on the People and Languages of New Ireland and Admiralty Islands Author(s): Sidney H. Ray Source: The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 21 (1892), pp. 3-13 Published by: Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2842201 . Accessed: 14/06/2014 03:30 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 195.34.78.242 on Sat, 14 Jun 2014 03:30:57 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions S. H. RAY.-The Peopleand Languagesof New Ireland. 3 Fromthe EDITOR.-Science. Nos. 413-417. AmericanAntiquarian. Vol. xiii. No. 1. Nature. Nos. 1107-1110. Revue Scientifique. Tomexlvii. Nos. 3-6. The Mlonist. Vol. i. No. 2. Physique. Vol. i. No. 1. - The Journalof Heredity. Vol. vi. No. 1. Mr. G. M. ATKINSONexhibited some sketches of horse orna ments,symbolic survivals. Mr. MARTINsuggested that the "fish" on horse ornaments coming from Delhi were probablythe arms of Ouidh-on the gates of Lucknowthe fish figureslargely-and this ornament wouldprobably prevail in Oudh,from whence it wouldbe conveyed to neighbouringcities. -
Lepidoptera, Sphingidae)
©Entomologischer Verein Apollo e.V. Frankfurt am Main; download unter www.zobodat.at Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo, N. F. 36 (1): 55–61 (2015) 55 A checklist of the hawkmoths of Woodlark Island, Papua New Guinea (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) W. John Tennent, George Clapp and Eleanor Clapp W. John Tennent, Scientific Associate, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, England; [email protected] George Clapp, 17 Tamborine Street, Hemmant, Queensland 4174, Australia Eleanor Clapp, 18 Adriana Drive, Buderim, Queensland 4556, Australia Abstract: A tabulated and annotated checklist of hawk exploration began again in 1973, and Woodlark Mining moths (Sphingidae) observed and collected by the first Limited (purchased by Kula Gold in 2007) was form ally au thor during three visits to Woodlark Island (Papua New granted a mining lease by the PNG govern ment in July Gui nea, Milne Bay Province) in 2010–2011 is presented. Nu me rous moths were attracted to mercury vapour bulbs 2014. used to illuminate a helicopter landing site and security A combination of an oceanic origin (Woodlark has lights around the administrative building at Bomagai Camp ne ver been connected by land to New Guinea), remo (Woodlark Mining Limited), near Kulumudau on the west te ness from the main island of New Guinea, and rather of the island. re stricted habitats, has resulted in an ecologically dis Keywords: Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Papua New Guinea, Milne Bay Province, Woodlark Island, range extension, tinct fauna. For example, there are no birds of paradise, distribution, new island records. bower birds, or wallabies on Woodlark, and only one species each of honey eater, sunbird and cuscus — all taxa Verzeichnis der Schwärmer von Woodlark Island, that are diverse and in some cases moderately numerous Papua-Neuguinea (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) elsewhere in Papua New Guinea. -
Mid-Holocene Social Interaction in Melanesia: New Evidence from Hammer-Dressed Obsidian Stemmed Tools
Mid-Holocene Social Interaction in Melanesia: New Evidence from Hammer-Dressed Obsidian Stemmed Tools ROBIN TORRENCE, PAMELA SWADLING, NINA KONONENKO, WALLACE AMBROSE, PIP RATH, AND MICHAEL D. GLASCOCK introduction Proposals that large-scale interaction and ceremonial exchange in the Pacific region began during the time of Lapita pottery (c. 3300–2000 b.p.) (e.g., Friedman 1981; Hayden 1983; Kirch 1997; Spriggs 1997) are seriously challenged by the extensive areal distribution of a class of retouched obsidian artifacts dated to the early and middle Holocene (c. 10,000–3300 b.p.) and known as ‘‘stemmed tools’’ (Araho et al. 2002). Find spots of obsidian stemmed tools stretch from mainland New Guinea to Bougainville Island and include the Trobriand Islands, various islands in Manus province, New Britain and New Ireland (Araho et al. 2002; Golson 2005; Specht 2005; Swadling and Hide 2005) (Fig. 1). Although other forms of tanged and waisted stone tool are known in Melanesia (e.g., Bulmer 2005; Fredericksen 1994, 2000; Golson 1972, 2001), the two types defined by Araho et al. (2002) as ‘‘stemmed tools’’ comprise distinctive classes because they usually have deep notches that delineate very well-defined and pronounced tangs. Type 1 stemmed tools are made from prismatic blades and have large and clearly demarcated, oval-shaped tangs. In contrast, the Type 2 group is more vari- able.Itisdefinedprimarilybytheuseof Kombewa flakes (i.e., those removed fromthebulbarfaceofalargeflake)forthe blank form, as described in detail in Robin Torrence is Principal Research Scientist in Anthropology, Australian Museum, Sydney NSW, [email protected]; Pamela Swadling is a Visiting Research Fellow, Archaeol- ogy and Natural History, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, Can- berra ACT, [email protected]; Nina Kononenko is an ARC post-doctoral fellow in the School of Philosophical and Historical Inquiry, University of Sydney, kononenko.nina@hotmail. -
An Exchange System Among the People of the Trobriand Islands Of
Kula An exchange system among the people of the Trobriand Islands of southeast Melanesia, in which permanent contractual partners trade traditional valuables following an established ceremonial pattern and trade route. In this system, described by the British anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski, only two kinds of articles, travelling in opposite directions around a rough geographical ring several hundred miles in circumference, were exchanged. These were red shell necklaces and white shell bracelets, which were not producers' capital, being neither consumable nor media of exchange outside the ceremonial system. Kula objects, which sometimes had names and histories attached, were not owned in order to be used but rather to acquire prestige and rank. Every detail of the transaction was regulated by traditional rules and conventions, and some acts were accompanied by rituals and ceremonies. A limited number of men could take part in the kula, each man keeping an article for a relatively short period before passing it on to one of his partners from whom he received the opposite item in exchange. The partnerships between men, involving mutual duties and obligations, were permanent and lifelong. Thus the network of relationships around the kula served to link many tribes by providing allies and communication of material and nonmaterial cultural elements to distant areas. Pacific Islands. Trade and exchange systems The regional trading systems of the islands around the eastern end of New Guinea were particularly elaborate. In the Massim--what is now Milne Bay province of Papua New Guinea (taking in the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, the Louisiades, and nearby islands)--the trade of pottery from the Amphletts, canoe timber and greenstone blades from Murua (Woodlark), carved platters and canoe prow boards, and other specialized products was complemented by a flow of yams and pigs from resource-rich areas to smaller, ecologically less-favoured islands. -
Sergio Javier Villaseñor Bayardo
Psiquiatría, naturaleza y cultura De lo singular a lo universal SERGIO JAVIER VILLASEÑOR BAYARDO Psiquiatría, naturaleza y cultura De lo singular a lo universal DEDICATORIA A mis hermanos Alejandro, Blanca Amalia y José Gilberto Villaseñor Bayardo A mis amigos y colegas Carlos Rojas Malpica, Renato Alarcón, Yves Toret y Gabriel Ayala y de Landero AGRADECIMIENTOS A Ricardo Virgen Montelongo, Paulina Reyes Silva, Hugo Antonio Ascencio Hernández y Jésica Nalleli de la Torre. A las instituciones que me inspiran La Universidad de Guadalajara y el Antiguo Hospital Civil “Fray Antonio Alcalde”. © Sergio Javier Villaseñor Bayardo Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial del contenido, sin la autorización del autor. ISBN 978-968-5876-39-1 TONOCONTINUO • Enrique Díaz de León sur 514-2 • Guadalajara, Jalisco, México • Tel. 38 25 94 41 • [email protected] • www.tonocontinuo.com.mx Enero de 2009 Contenido 13 Introduction Pr. Wen-Shing Tseng M.D 15 Presentación Prof. Sergio J. Villaseñor Bayardo Conferencias magistrales 21 La psiquiatría Cultural en América Latina Prof. Sergio J. Villaseñor Bayardo 37 Aire y asfixia: Los registros simbólicos del aire Prof. Carlos Rojas Malpica Profa. Joyce Esser Díaz 51 Las raíces históricas de la Psiquiatría de la persona Prof. Jean Garrabé de Lara 59 Obsesividad y narcisismo. Los sorprendentes autorretratos de Julio Galán Prof. Héctor Pérez-Rincón García 63 Susto and ataques de nervios: What kinds of culture-related specific syndromes they are? Pr. Wen-Shing Tseng M.D 73 Cultural competence in assesment and treatment of the Psychiatric patient Pr. Robert Kohn, M.D. Pr. Ronald M. Wintrob, M.D MEMORIAS DEL CONGRESO Psiquiatría, naturaleza y cultura.