Astrosat-A Multi-Wavelength Astronomy Satellite
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CASTOR: a Wide-Field, UV Space Telescope
Astro2020 Activities and Projects White Paper CASTOR: A Wide-Field, UV Space Telescope Thematic Areas: Space Missions Ground-Based Activities and Projects Computation Astrophysics Theoretical Astrophysics Laboratory Astrophysics Principal Author: Peter L. Capak Name: Peter L. Capak Institution: Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA Email: [email protected] Phone: (626) 395-6422 Co-authors: Michael L. Balogh (University of Waterloo), Jessie L. Christiansen (NASA Exo- planet Science Institute, Caltech), Patrick Cotˆ e´ (National Research Council of Canada), Olivier Dore´ (Caltech, JPL), Maria Drout (University of Toronto), Christopher J. Evans (UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh), Andreas L. Faisst (IPAC, Caltech), Sarah C. Gallagher (University of Western Ontario), Carl J. Grillmair (IPAC, Caltech), Paul Harrison (Magellan Aerospace), John B. Hutchings (National Research Council of Canada), JJ Kavelaars (National Research Council of Canada), J.-F. Lavigne (ABB), Janice C. Lee (IPAC, Caltech), Shouleh Nikzad (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology), Jason D. Rhodes (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology), Jason F. Rowe (Bishop’s Univer- sity), Ruben´ Sanchez-Janssen (UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh), Alan D. Scott (Honeywell Aerospace), Charles Shapiro (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California In- stitute of Technology), Melanie Simet (University of California Riverside), Harry I. Teplitz (IPAC, Caltech), Kim A. Venn (University of Victoria), Ludovic Van Waerbeke (University of British Columbia) 1 Abstract: CASTOR (The Cosmological Advanced Survey Telescope for Optical and UV Re- search) is a proposed Canadian-led mission that would provide high-resolution imaging and spec- troscopy in the UV/optical (0.15–0.55 µm) spectral region. -
Precollimator for X-Ray Telescope (Stray-Light Baffle) Mindrum Precision, Inc Kurt Ponsor Mirror Tech/SBIR Workshop Wednesday, Nov 2017
Mindrum.com Precollimator for X-Ray Telescope (stray-light baffle) Mindrum Precision, Inc Kurt Ponsor Mirror Tech/SBIR Workshop Wednesday, Nov 2017 1 Overview Mindrum.com Precollimator •Past •Present •Future 2 Past Mindrum.com • Space X-Ray Telescopes (XRT) • Basic Structure • Effectiveness • Past Construction 3 Space X-Ray Telescopes Mindrum.com • XMM-Newton 1999 • Chandra 1999 • HETE-2 2000-07 • INTEGRAL 2002 4 ESA/NASA Space X-Ray Telescopes Mindrum.com • Swift 2004 • Suzaku 2005-2015 • AGILE 2007 • NuSTAR 2012 5 NASA/JPL/ASI/JAXA Space X-Ray Telescopes Mindrum.com • Astrosat 2015 • Hitomi (ASTRO-H) 2016-2016 • NICER (ISS) 2017 • HXMT/Insight 慧眼 2017 6 NASA/JPL/CNSA Space X-Ray Telescopes Mindrum.com NASA/JPL-Caltech Harrison, F.A. et al. (2013; ApJ, 770, 103) 7 doi:10.1088/0004-637X/770/2/103 Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com Grazing Incidence 8 NASA/JPL-Caltech Basic Structure: NuSTAR Mirrors Mindrum.com 9 NASA/JPL-Caltech Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com • XMM Newton XRT 10 ESA Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com • XMM-Newton mirrors D. de Chambure, XMM Project (ESTEC)/ESA 11 Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com • Thermal Precollimator on ROSAT 12 http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/ Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com • AGILE Precollimator 13 http://agile.asdc.asi.it Basic Structure Mindrum.com • Spektr-RG 2018 14 MPE Basic Structure: Stray X-Rays Mindrum.com 15 NASA/JPL-Caltech Basic Structure: Grazing Mindrum.com 16 NASA X-Ray Effectiveness: Straylight Mindrum.com • Correct Reflection • Secondary Only • Backside Reflection • Primary Only 17 X-Ray Effectiveness Mindrum.com • The Crab Nebula by: ROSAT (1990) Chandra 18 S. -
X-Ray Telescope
Early results of the Hitomi satellite Hiro Matsumoto Ux group & KMI Nagoya Univ.1 Outline •Hitomi instruments •Early scientific results –DM in Perseus –Turbulence in Perseus –others 2 Japanese history of X-ray satellites Launch, Feb. 17, 2016 Weight Suzaku Ginga ASCA Hitomi Tenma Hakucho Rocket 3 International collaboration More than 160 scientists from Japan/USA/Europe 4 Attitude anomaly Loss of communication (Mar. 26, 2016) spinning Gave up recovery (Apr. 28, 2016)5 Hitomi Obs. List Target Date Perseus Cluster of galaxies Feb. 25—27, 2016 Mar. 4—8, 2016 N132D Supernova remnants Mar. 8—11, 2016 IGR J16318-4848 Pulsar wind nebula Mar. 11—15, 2016 RXJ 1856-3754 Neutron star Mar. 17—19, 2016 Mar. 23—25, 2016 G21.5-0.9 Pulsar wind nebula Mar. 19—23, 2016 Crab Pulsar wind nebula Mar. 25, 2016 6 Scienfitic Instruments 7 4 systems Name X-Ray Telescope SXS Soft Micro-calorimeter (E<10keV) SXI Soft CCD (E<10keV) HXI Hard Si/CdTe (E<80keV) SGD --- Si/CdTe (Compton) 8 Wide energy range (0.3—600keV) HXT 1keV∼ 107K SXT SGD SXI HXI SXS 9 SXT + SXS (0.3—12keV) Soft X-ray Telescope Soft X-ray Spectrometer (X-ray micro-calorimeter) f=5.6m 10 Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) FOV: 3′ × 3′ Δ푇 ∝ ℎ휈 6 × 6 pix 11 Energy Resolution Hitomi SXS Suzaku CCD Δ퐸 = 5 푒푉@ 6푘푒푉 (cf. CCD Δ퐸 = 130 푒푉)12 Before Hitomi: gratings Point source Extended Not good for extended objects 13 X-ray microcalorimeter Extended Non-dispersive type. Spatial extension doesn’t matter. -
Building the Coolest X-Ray Satellite
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Building the Coolest X-ray Satellite 朱雀 Suzaku A Video Guide for Teachers Grades 9-12 Probing the Structure & Evolution of the Cosmos http://suzaku-epo.gsfc.nasa.gov/ www.nasa.gov The Suzaku Learning Center Presents “Building the Coolest X-ray Satellite” Video Guide for Teachers Written by Dr. James Lochner USRA & NASA/GSFC Greenbelt, MD Ms. Sara Mitchell Mr. Patrick Keeney SP Systems & NASA/GSFC Coudersport High School Greenbelt, MD Coudersport, PA This booklet is designed to be used with the “Building the Coolest X-ray Satellite” DVD, available from the Suzaku Learning Center. http://suzaku-epo.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Table of Contents I. Introduction 1. What is Astro-E2 (Suzaku)?....................................................................................... 2 2. “Building the Coolest X-ray Satellite” ....................................................................... 2 3. How to Use This Guide.............................................................................................. 2 4. Contents of the DVD ................................................................................................. 3 5. Post-Launch Information ........................................................................................... 3 6. Pre-requisites............................................................................................................. 4 7. Standards Met by Video and Activities ...................................................................... 4 II. Video Chapter 1 -
Highlights in Space 2010
International Astronautical Federation Committee on Space Research International Institute of Space Law 94 bis, Avenue de Suffren c/o CNES 94 bis, Avenue de Suffren UNITED NATIONS 75015 Paris, France 2 place Maurice Quentin 75015 Paris, France Tel: +33 1 45 67 42 60 Fax: +33 1 42 73 21 20 Tel. + 33 1 44 76 75 10 E-mail: : [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Fax. + 33 1 44 76 74 37 URL: www.iislweb.com OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS URL: www.iafastro.com E-mail: [email protected] URL : http://cosparhq.cnes.fr Highlights in Space 2010 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation, the Committee on Space Research and the International Institute of Space Law The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs is responsible for promoting international cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space and assisting developing countries in using space science and technology. United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs P. O. Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26060-4950 Fax: (+43-1) 26060-5830 E-mail: [email protected] URL: www.unoosa.org United Nations publication Printed in Austria USD 15 Sales No. E.11.I.3 ISBN 978-92-1-101236-1 ST/SPACE/57 *1180239* V.11-80239—January 2011—775 UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT VIENNA Highlights in Space 2010 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation, the Committee on Space Research and the International Institute of Space Law Progress in space science, technology and applications, international cooperation and space law UNITED NATIONS New York, 2011 UniTEd NationS PUblication Sales no. -
World Space Observatory %Uf02d Ultraviolet Remains Very Relevant
WORLD SPACE OBSERVATORY-ULTRAVIOLET Boris Shustov, Ana Inés Gómez de Castro, Mikhail Sachkov UV observatories aperture pointing mode , Å OAO-2 1968.12 - 1973.01 20 sp is 1000-4250 TD-1A 1972.03 - 1974.05 28 s is 1350-2800+ OAO-3 1972.08 - 1981.02 80 p s 900-3150 ANS 1974.08 - 1977.06 22 p s 1500-3300+ IUE 1978.01 - 1996.09 45 p s 1150-3200 ASTRON 1983.03 - 1989.06 80 p s 1100-3500+ EXOSAT 1983.05 - 1986. 2x30 p is 250+ ROSAT 1990.06 - 1999.02 84 sp i 60- 200+ HST 1990.04 - 240 p isp 1150-10000 EUVE 1992.06 - 2001.01 12 sp is 70- 760 ALEXIS 1993.04 - 2005.04 35 s i 130- 186 MSX 1996.04 - 2003 50 s i 1100-9000+ FUSE 1999.06 - 2007.07 39х35 (4) p s 905-1195 XMM 1999.12 - 30 p is 1700-5500 GALEX 2003.04 - 2013.06 50 sp is 1350-2800 SWIFT 2004.11 - 30 p i 1700-6500 2 ASTROSAT/UVIT UVIT - UltraViolet Imaging Telescopes (on the ISRO Astrosat observatory, launch 2015); Two 40cm telescopes: FUV and NUV, FOV 0.5 degrees, resolution ~1” Next talk by John Hutchings! 3 4 ASTRON (1983 – 1989) ASTRON is an UV space observatory with 80 cm aperture telescope equipped with a scanning spectrometer:(λλ 110-350 nm, λ ~ 2 nm) onboard. Some significant results: detection of OH (H2O) in Halley comet, UV spectroscopy of SN1987a, Pb lines in stellar spectra etc. (Photo of flight model at Lavochkin Museum).5 “Spektr” (Спектр) missions Federal Space Program (2016-2025) includes as major astrophysical projects: Spektr-R (Radioastron) – launched in 2011. -
Orbiting Debris: a Space Environmental Problem (Part 4 Of
Orbiting Debris: A Since Environmential Problem ● 3 Table 2--of Hazardous Interference by environment. Yet, orbital debris is part of a Orbital Debris larger problem of pollution in space that in- cludes radio-frequency interference and inter- 1. Loss or damage to space assets through collision; ference to scientific observations in all parts of 2. Accidental re-entry of space hardware; the spectrum. For example, emissions at ra- 3. Contamination by nuclear material of manned or unmanned spacecraft, both in space and on Earth; dio frequencies often interfere with radio as- 4. Interference with astronomical observations, both from the tronomy observations. For several years, ground and in space; gamma-ray astronomy data have been cor- 5. Interference with scientific and military experiments in space; rupted by Soviet intelligence satellites that 14 6. Potential military use. are powered by unshielded nuclear reactors. The indirect emissions from these satellites SOURCE: Space Debris, European Space Agency, and Office of Technology As- sessment. spread along the Earth’s magnetic field and are virtually impossible for other satellites to Earth. The largest have attracted worldwide escape. The Japanese Ginga satellite, attention. 10 Although the risk to individuals is launched in 1987 to study gamma-ray extremely small, the probability of striking bursters, has been triggered so often by the populated areas still finite.11 For example: 1) Soviet reactors that over 40 percent of its available observing time has been spent trans- the U.S.S.R. Kosmos 954, which contained a 15 nuclear power source,12 reentered the atmos- mitting unintelligible “data.” All of these phere over northwest Canada in 1978, scatter- problem areas will require attention and posi- ing debris over an area the size of Austria; 2) a tive steps to guarantee access to space by all Japanese ship was hit in 1969 by pieces of countries in the future. -
Securing Japan an Assessment of Japan´S Strategy for Space
Full Report Securing Japan An assessment of Japan´s strategy for space Report: Title: “ESPI Report 74 - Securing Japan - Full Report” Published: July 2020 ISSN: 2218-0931 (print) • 2076-6688 (online) Editor and publisher: European Space Policy Institute (ESPI) Schwarzenbergplatz 6 • 1030 Vienna • Austria Phone: +43 1 718 11 18 -0 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.espi.or.at Rights reserved - No part of this report may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without permission from ESPI. Citations and extracts to be published by other means are subject to mentioning “ESPI Report 74 - Securing Japan - Full Report, July 2020. All rights reserved” and sample transmission to ESPI before publishing. ESPI is not responsible for any losses, injury or damage caused to any person or property (including under contract, by negligence, product liability or otherwise) whether they may be direct or indirect, special, incidental or consequential, resulting from the information contained in this publication. Design: copylot.at Cover page picture credit: European Space Agency (ESA) TABLE OF CONTENT 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background and rationales ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Methodology -
MIT Japan Program Working Paper 01.10 the GLOBAL COMMERCIAL
MIT Japan Program Working Paper 01.10 THE GLOBAL COMMERCIAL SPACE LAUNCH INDUSTRY: JAPAN IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Saadia M. Pekkanen Assistant Professor Department of Political Science Middlebury College Middlebury, VT 05753 [email protected] I am grateful to Marco Caceres, Senior Analyst and Director of Space Studies, Teal Group Corporation; Mark Coleman, Chemical Propulsion Information Agency (CPIA), Johns Hopkins University; and Takashi Ishii, General Manager, Space Division, The Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies (SJAC), Tokyo, for providing basic information concerning launch vehicles. I also thank Richard Samuels and Robert Pekkanen for their encouragement and comments. Finally, I thank Kartik Raj for his excellent research assistance. Financial suppport for the Japan portion of this project was provided graciously through a Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Harvard Academy of International and Area Studies. MIT Japan Program Working Paper Series 01.10 Center for International Studies Massachusetts Institute of Technology Room E38-7th Floor Cambridge, MA 02139 Phone: 617-252-1483 Fax: 617-258-7432 Date of Publication: July 16, 2001 © MIT Japan Program Introduction Japan has been seriously attempting to break into the commercial space launch vehicles industry since at least the mid 1970s. Yet very little is known about this story, and about the politics and perceptions that are continuing to drive Japanese efforts despite many outright failures in the indigenization of the industry. This story, therefore, is important not just because of the widespread economic and technological merits of the space launch vehicles sector which are considerable. It is also important because it speaks directly to the ongoing debates about the Japanese developmental state and, contrary to the new wisdom in light of Japan's recession, the continuation of its high technology policy as a whole. -
INDIA JANUARY 2018 – June 2020
SPACE RESEARCH IN INDIA JANUARY 2018 – June 2020 Presented to 43rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Sydney, Australia | Jan 28–Feb 4, 2021 SPACE RESEARCH IN INDIA January 2018 – June 2020 A Report of the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) Indian National Science Academy (INSA) Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) For the 43rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly 28 January – 4 Febuary 2021 Sydney, Australia INDIAN SPACE RESEARCH ORGANISATION BENGALURU 2 Compiled and Edited by Mohammad Hasan Space Science Program Office ISRO HQ, Bengalure Enquiries to: Space Science Programme Office ISRO Headquarters Antariksh Bhavan, New BEL Road Bengaluru 560 231. Karnataka, India E-mail: [email protected] Cover Page Images: Upper: Colour composite picture of face-on spiral galaxy M 74 - from UVIT onboard AstroSat. Here blue colour represent image in far ultraviolet and green colour represent image in near ultraviolet.The spiral arms show the young stars that are copious emitters of ultraviolet light. Lower: Sarabhai crater as imaged by Terrain Mapping Camera-2 (TMC-2)onboard Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter.TMC-2 provides images (0.4μm to 0.85μm) at 5m spatial resolution 3 INDEX 4 FOREWORD PREFACE With great pleasure I introduce the report on Space Research in India, prepared for the 43rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly, 28 January – 4 February 2021, Sydney, Australia, by the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR), Indian National Science Academy (INSA), and Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). The report gives an overview of the important accomplishments, achievements and research activities conducted in India in several areas of near- Earth space, Sun, Planetary science, and Astrophysics for the duration of two and half years (Jan 2018 – June 2020). -
Possibilities and Future Vision of Micro/Nano/Pico-Satellites - from Japanese Experiences
CanSat & Rocket Experiment(‘99~) Hodoyoshiハイブリッド-1 ‘14 ロケット Possibilities and Future Vision of Micro/nano/pico-satellites - From Japanese Experiences Shinichi Nakasuka University of Tokyo PRISM ‘09 CubeSat 03,05 Nano-JASMINE ‘15 Contents • Features of Micro/nano/pico-satellites • Japanese History and Lessons Learned – CanSat to CubeSat “First CubeSat on orbit” – From education to practical applications – Important tips for development • Visions on Various Applications of Micro/nano/pico-satellites • University Space Engineering Consortium (UNISEC) and International Collaborations Micro/nano/pico-satellite “Lean Satellite” Micro-satellite: 20-100kg Nano-satellite: 2-20kg Pico-satellite: 0.5-2kg Japanese Governmental Satellites ALOS-1: 4 ton ASNARO: 500 kg Kaguya: 3 ton Hayabusa: 510 kg Motivation of Smaller Satellites Current Problem of Mid-large Satellites ALOS 4.0 (4t) Trend towards 3.5 larger satellites Weight SELENE ・Enormous cost >100M$ 3.0 (3t) ・Development period >5-10 years 2.5 ・Conservative design (ton 2.0 ・Almost governmental use ・No new users and utilization ideas ) ・Low speed of innovation 1.5 10-50M$ Micro 1.0 Small-sat /Nano /Pico 0.5 Sat 0 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 <50kg Introduce more variedGEO new players intoOTHERS space. 1-5M$ Innovation by Micro/nano/pico satellites (<100kg) 超小型衛星革命 Education Remote sensing Telescope Weather Bio-engineering Re-entry Rendezvous/ Communication Space Science Atmosphere Exploration High Resolution. docking Universty/venture companies’ innovative idea and development process <10M$ -
Informatika, Kosmosas, Inovacijos (50 Užduočių Uždavinynas, Klausimai/Atsakymai)
SPACEOLYMP EKA sutartis Nr. 4000115691/15/NL/NDe Informatika, Kosmosas, Inovacijos (50 užduočių uždavinynas, Klausimai/Atsakymai) Uždavinyne misijų ir jų etapų laikas nurodomas pagal Pasaulinį koordinuotąjį laiką arba UTC (angl. Coordinated Universal Time) 1 SPACEOLYMP EKA sutartis Nr. 4000115691/15/NL/NDe TURINYS Įvadas ....................................................................................................................... F 8 klasė I-8.1 ......................................................................................................................8.1 I-8.2 .....................................................................................................................8.2 I-8.3 .....................................................................................................................8.3 I-8.4 .....................................................................................................................8.4 I-8.5 .....................................................................................................................8.5 I-8.6 .....................................................................................................................8.6 I-8.7 .....................................................................................................................8.7 I-8.8 .....................................................................................................................8.8 I-8.9 .....................................................................................................................8.9