Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

CHAPTER 5 DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

5.1 General Environmental Setting

(5.1) The future transformation in line for the Proposed Project site is the change in use of an existing office block to a hotel with related facilities on 3,272 m2 (0.808 acres) of land. The project site lies close to the coastal zone whereby Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah forms the boundary in the north and Jalan Clove Hall forms the boundary to the west. The Mayfair Condominium occupies Lot 1238 located to the northeast of the project site.

5.2 Physical-Chemical Environment

5.2.1 Land Form And Topography

(5.2) The project site is easily accessibly by taking Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah which provides linkages to Jalan Clove Hall which is the primary access to the Proposed project.

(5.3) The Proposed Project lies on flat terrains of RL+ 4.10 m to RL+ 4.36 m above mean sea level as shown in the survey plan in Figure 5.1 and in Appendix B. There is no stream or river that transverses the site. Presently an office block of 25 storey high occupies the site of which AmBank is the major tenant occupying the building. Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah forms the northern boundary of the site whilst Jalan Clove Hall forms the boundary in the west.

5.2.2 General Geology

(5.4) According to Ong (1993), the main island of Pulau Pinang can be divided morphologically into five slopes categories: 0-30, 30-100, 100-190, 200-300, and greater than 300. Alluvium, granite wash and residual soil overlying granitic bedrock with slopes of 0-10 0 are considered to be most stable.

(5.5) However, tidal mud flats or marshy areas may present serious foundation problems, especially if they are not properly drained. However, as the project site is not located in a marshy or mud flat area, the project site can be designated to be stable.

(5.6) The geological features of the project site and its relation to Island is as shown in Figure 5.2, which is extracted from the Geological Map of Peninsular (New Series L7010 part of sheet 28) published by the Department of Geological Survey Malaysia in 1994. The following provides the geological features of the project site and its surrounding areas.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.1 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Figure 5.1 Survey Plan

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.2 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Figure 5.2 Geological Map

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.3 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

(5.7) Granite occupies the major part of the main island of Pulau Pinang, Pulau Jerejak and Pulau Rimau. According to Ong (1993), the granites of Pulau Pinang can be divided into two bodies, the North Pinang Pluton and the South Pinang Pluton. The North Pinang Pluton formed during the early Jurassic period was of the Mesozoic era while the South Pinang Pluton were formed during early Permian-Late Carboniferous period of the Paleozoic era.

(5.8) In the Northern part of the island, where the project site is located, orthoclase to intermediate microcline granite forms the North Pinang Pluton. The granite is fine to coarse grained, megacrystic biotite granite which is underlain by the orthoclase- microcline granite. Previous specimen tested by Ong (1993) revealed that the rock here is leucocratic and exhibits a fined-grained megacrystic texture. These megacrysts consists of quartz, feldspar and biotite.

(5.9) The average grain size of the groundmass reported is less than 1mm in diameter whereas the megacrysts vary from 2 mm to 10 mm. Quartz-tourmaline veins are also observed here with the adjacent rocks often spotted to have pinkish feldspars stained by iron oxicles. This granite in this area is also reported according to Ong (1993) to have an isochron of 200+ 7 Ma indicates an Early Jurassic age in respective of Geological Succession in Penang Island as shown in Table 5.1. The granite occupying at this higher elevation is probably epizonal and is believed to be emplaced during Early Jurassic time.

(5.10) North of the site, some minor igneous intrusions i.e. Aplite veins and dykes was reported (Ong 1993). The intrusion encountered include somewhere near to Bukit Padri and the coast near Tanjung Tokong where the Aplite is mainly leucocratic and fine grained in nature.

(5.11) According to the two categories of faults, i.e. observed and conjectural, identified on the geological map reported by Ong (1993). The nearest and most spectacular fault identified is the fault extended for about 18 kilometres from Tanjung Bungah in the north to Bayan Lepas in the south (the Sungai Air Putih - Sungai Dondang fault).

(5.12) The project site located near the coastline is anticipated to comprise mainly of unconsolidated marine clay, sand and gravel deposit of the coastal plain. Thus it is anticipated that there will not be any rocks at site that requires removal.

5.2.3 Surface Drainage

(5.13) The project site is located close to the coastal zone of the North Channel. All stormwaters from the project site is channeled to the existing drains along the western boundary of the site which flows into the main drains along Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah which then drains into the sea as shown in Figure 5.3.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.4 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Table 5.1 Geological Succession Name Description Age Superficial deposits: Unconsolidated gravel, sand, silt and clay Quaternary including Resent alluvium and marine onshore sediments Unconformity Minor igneous intrusive Dykes and veins of aplite, quartz, tourmaline and pegmatite Post-Jurassic (?)

Biotite granite with predominant Fine to coarse grained and megacrystic Early Jurassic orthoclase and subordinate microcline Biotite-muscovite granite with Medium-coarse grained and megacrystic; fine grained and Early Permian- predominant microline non-megacrystic also present; muscovite as abundant as Late biotite; andalusite occurs as accessory mineral Carboniferous (?) Unconformity Mahang Formation Ferruginous spotted slate Early Devonian- Early Silurian

Ref : Ong (1993)

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.5 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Figure 5.3 Drainage Flow from Proposed Project Site

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.6 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd. 5.2.4 Meteorology

(5.14) All information pertaining to the meteorological conditions are enclosed in Appendix C of the report. Meteorology data for the site are obtained from the MMD (Malaysian Meteorology Department) in the Penang International Airport at Bayan Lepas. The meteorology data from 2012 to 2014 is given in Appendix C of the report.

(5.15) The meteorological conditions of the site is a typical tropical humid climate. This climate type features high temperatures with daily as well as annual variations due to the high humidity and cloud cover but over short durations and precipitate almost throughout the year. The dry season under `Ar’ type climate is normally short.

(5.16) The seasonal variation in Peninsular Malaysia is due commonly to monsoon seasons, which is attributed to the passage of the monsoon winds from the northeast and southwest, with two wetter seasons separated by two drier seasons in a year.

(5.17) Malaysia is located to the north of the equator at latitude between 1° and 7° N and experiences a typical tropical humid climate via the `Ar' type under the climate classification system introduced by Trewartha (1980).

(5.18) There are no meteorological data specific for the project area. Hence, records are taken from the nearest meteorological station located at the Bayan Lepas International Airport whereby the MMD (Malaysian Meteorological Department) keeps a record on a number of the meteorological aspects.

5.2.4.1 Humidity And Evaporation

(5.19) The records of monthly relative humidity range from 67.6% to 82.7% with monthly temperatures ranging from 27.3 to 29.3ºC. The records of daily evaporation at the Penang International Airport station are shown in Appendix C. The monthly mean daily evaporation averaged from 2.8 to 5.2 mm.

5.2.4.2 Rainfall

(5.20) Rainfall in Peninsular Malaysia is very much influenced by the seasonal monsoons, the northeast and the southwest monsoons. The north east monsoon is generally prevalent from November to March. This is followed by a transitional period in April and May.

(5.21) The south west monsoon is generally prevalent from June to September followed by another transitional period in October. The monthly rainfall ranges from 13.6 to 495.2 mm per year.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.7 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd. 5.2.4.3 Number Of Rainday

(5.22) Records for number of rainday obtained from the meteorological station in Bayan Lepas showed that monthly rainday is between 2 to 26 days.

5.2.4.4 Global Radiation

(5.23) In general, the monthly global radiation is fairly consistent ranging from 13.17 to 19.13 MJm2.

5.2.4.5 Winds

(5.24) The direction, speed and frequency of wind are represented by the wind rose provided by the meteorological office as shown in Appendix C of the report.

(5.25) The records of mean surface wind speed from the Penang International Airport shows that the mean surface wind speed measured had speed of between 0.1 m/s and 16.4 m/s.

(5.26) These winds are influenced by the monsoon winds. They predominantly flow in the northerly direction.

5.2.5 Coastal Morphology

(5.27) The project site is located within the coastal zone of the North Channel. Thus, the following provides the coastal features close to the project site.

5.2.5.1 Tides

(5.28) Tides along the island of Penang is of semi-diurnal type. The tidal levels are extracted from the Tide Tables for 2014 published by the National Hydrographic Center, Royal Malaysian Navy whereby all elevations are made references to the Admiralty Chart.

(5.29) The records measured at the nearest port to the project site at the Pier, Pulau Pinang as shown in Table 5.2 are used for the tides in the area. Tides along the Penang coastline ranged between 0.72 m ACD to 3.09 m ACD.

5.2.5.2 Current Patterns

(5.30) Currents, which are generated in the Straits of Malacca are divided into four types namely long shore currents, tidal currents, surface currents and generated by river discharges.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.8 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Table 5.2 Tide Condition At Kedah Pier Tide Level (Meters) Highest Astronomical Tide 3.09 m ACD Mean High Water Spring 2.69 m ACD Mean Low Water Spring 0.72 m ACD Mean High Water Neap 1.96 m ACD Mean Low Water Neap 1.45 m ACD Mean Sea Level 1.71 m ACD Source : Tide Tables, National Hydrographic Center, Royal Malaysian Navy

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.9 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

(5.31) Ocean currents in the Straits Malacca flows northerly from Singapore to the Andaman Sea and along Sumatra throughout the year. During the North East Monsoon period, ocean currents off the Perlis coast change direction and southerly currents appear seasonally along the peninsular coast. Localized currents along the western coast of Peninsular Malaysia are complex due to the geography, bathymetry and seasonal ocean current variations. Based on literature search on various studies, it can be said that the currents are predominantly tide generated and reverse in the direction of the prevailing flood and ebb tides.

5.3 Biological Environment

5.3.1 Flora

(5.32) The flora on the project site is limited consisting of landscaped plants.

5.3.2 Fauna

(5.33) There are no fauna of significance on the project site as the nearby areas have been disturbed and the project site is already occupied.

5.4 Human Environment

5.4.1 Land Use

(5.34) As the site and surrounding area is located near the coastal zone and near to the George Town Central Business District, the land use within the surrounding areas are mainly for commercial use whereby institutional activities and pockets of residential use blends with the commercial land use.

(5.35) Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah borders the site in the north whilst to the northeast of the site, the Mayfair Condominium and various other commercial and institutional land use can be found as shown in Figure 5.4. Some of the commercial and institution land use include SPR, KWSP, Penang Gardens and other individual commercial lots. To the immediate west of the project site Jalan Clove Hall borders the site. Further west various commercial buildings can be found consisting of Paramount Hotel, Green Ocean Restaurant and other eateries. South of the project site also various commercial activities can be found. Behind these commercial buildings a number of residential homes can be found as well as along Jalan Clove Hall.

(5.36) Land use surrounding the project site as stated earlier is mainly commercial or institutional use with pockets of residential units as shown in the land use plan in Figure 5.5. The Proposed Project site located within George Town is zoned for commercial use whereby commercial and institutional land use are the main activities within the area. A summary of the 3 Km radius land use is shown in Table 5.3.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.10 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Figure 5.4 Surrounding Activities

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.11 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Figure 5.5 (a) 500 m Radius Aerial Existing Land Use

Figure 5.4 (b) 3 Km Radius Aerial Existing Land Use

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.12 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Table 5.3 Summary Of 3 Km Radius Land Use Distance North - East South - East South - West North - West

0 – 1 Km • Mayfair Condominium • Used Car & Car Wash • Menara Boustead • Sea • SPRM • Commercial Buildings • Arratoon Court • Persiaran Gurney • Menara KWSP • SK Wellesley • MBF Tower • Commercial Buildings • Penang Garden • Sek. Keb. (P) Island • Tadika Methodist • Wawasan Open • Soonstead Mansion • Institutions • Hindu Temple University • • Commercial Buildings • Residential • Church Residential • Institutions • Commercial • Institutions • Sea • Commercial • Housing

1 – 2 Km • Sea • Commercial Buildings • Schools • Sea • KOMTAR • Commercial Buildings • Restaurants • George Town Central • Cascadia Apartment • Hotels Business District • Desa Bunga Apartment • Commercial Buildings

2 – 3 Km • Sea • Commercial Buildings • Jelutong • Gurney Plaza • Pengkalan Weld • Commercial Buildings • Pulau Tikus • Pelangi Condominium • Padang Polo • Commercial Buildings • Serina Bay Condominium • Hospital Penang • Midlands • Sea • Schools • Kg. Masjid Bagan • Taman Scotland • Sea • Jesselton Heights

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.13 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd. 5.4.2 Infrastructure And Utilities

5.4.2.1 Road Network

(5.37) The road network in the area is well developed with Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah connected to other State roads and the Lebuhraya Tun Dr. Lim Chong Eu providing the primary feeder roads in the area. Lebuhraya Tun Dr. Lim Chong Eu connects areas in Bayan Lepas to Jelutong and George Town. Besides this expressway, various state roads connects the surrounding area to the project site. Thus the road network already available close to the project site makes it convenient to commute to the rest of the island be it to George Town, Tanjung Bungah or to Bayan Lepas. Jalan Clove Hall provides linkages from Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah to the Proposed Project site.

5.4.2.2 Water Supply

(5.38) Water is supplied and distributed by Perbadanan Bekalan Air Pulau Pinang. The source of water supply to the area and its surrounding is from the Sungai Dua tratment plant in Seberang Perai. A submarine pipe-line links the Sungai Dua treatment plant to the Bukit Dumbar installation on the island where water is pumped to the reservoir and distributed to the rest of the area. Water is distributed to the surrounding residents and users by a 6” diameter or 9” diameter A.C pipe.

5.4.2.3 Electricity Supply

(5.39) Electricity is supplied and distributed throughout the neighbouring areas by TNB (Tenaga Nasional Berhad). The main intake is from Gelugor which is a 480 MVA station and later distributed to the rest of the island via sub-stations of 132/33 kW intake.

5.4.2.4 Telecommunications

(5.40) Telekom Malaysia Berhad (TM) provides excellent telecommunication service, which are already existing in this area and this can be easily extended to cover the Proposed Project. The nearest exchange center is in Gelugor, which has a capacity of 40,000 lines.

5.4.2.5 Sewage

(5.41) George Town and its surrounding areas are connected to the central sewage reticulation network which conveys sewage for treatment at the central sewage treatment plant located in Jelutong.

5.4.2.6 Solid Waste Disposal

(5.42) Garbage from the domestic and commercial sectors area collected and then transported to the disposal site at the Pulau Burong sanitary landfill in Seberang Perai Selatan on a daily basis. Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.14 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd. 5.4.2.7 Public Safety

(5.43) The police force is responsible in taking care of the public safety of the residents in the area. The nearest police station is available at Jelutong.

5.4.2.8 Public Health

(5.44) Health and medical services are easily available within this area. The residents in this area are serviced by several hospitals and clinics in George Town. The nearest Government hospital is the Penang Hospital whilst various private hospitals such as Glen Eagles, Lam Wah Ee and other smaller maternity hospitals are also available in George Town.

5.4.2.9 Fire Services

(5.45) Fire fighting services are available in George Town located at Jalan Perak.

5.4.2.10Postal Facilities

(5.46) The postal communication services in the vicinity are provided in Jelutong and in the George Town central business district.

5.4.2.11Recreational Facilities

(5.47) Various recreational facilities are available in DTL especially in Tanjung Bungah and Batu Ferringhi which is in the tourist belt for Penang. Besides the beaches, other recreational facilities include the Botanical Gardens, the Butterfly Park, Bukit Jambul Golf Course and others.

5.4.3 Socio Economy

(5.48) In order to provide the baseline socio economic status of the area, desks findings are made on the Penang Structure Plan 2020 and the Laporan Pemeriksaan Rancangan Struktur Negeri Pulau Pinang 2005. The following provides the baseline socio economic assessment conducted for the site for the Proposed Project and its surrounding area.

5.4.3.1 Population

(5.49) The project site is located in DTL (Daerah Timur Laut). However, desk findings indicated the Local Plan has yet to be gazetted and thus reviews are also conducted on the Penang Structure Plan to obtain information on the population profile for DTL. Table 5.4 depicts the population distribution for Penang according to district.

(5.50) Desk findings from the Laporan Pemeriksaan Rancangan Struktur Negeri Pulau Pinang indicated that DTL has a population of 507,400 in 2005 which is anticipated to increase further to 576,300 in 2010.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.15 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Table 5.4 Projected Population In Penang According To District 2000-2020 Negeri Year TL BD SPU SPT SPS Pulau Pinang 2000 444,923 169,442 259,823 313,607 125,654 1,313,449 2005 475,300 195,000 287,100 350,100 146,000 1,453,500 2010 507,400 225,400 320,400 390,000 171,500 1,614,700 2015 541,200 262,500 360,400 430,100 202,500 1,796,700 2020 576,300 305,900 405,100 467,800 235,100 1,990,200 Source: Laporan Pemeriksaan Rancangan Struktur Negeri Pulau Pinang 2005.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.16 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

(5.51) Desk findings from Laporan Pemeriksaan Rancangan Struktur Negeri Pulau Pinang indicated that in 2005 the Bumiputera form 41.3% of the population in Penang, Chinese 43.0% and Indians 10.0% as shown in Table 5.5.

(5.52) Table 5.6 shows the age group and gender composition for DTL. In terms of age group the 15 to 64 years age group forms the highest population in DTL in 2005.

5.4.3.2 Employment

(5.53) Based on the Laporan Pemeriksaan Rancangan Struktur Negeri Pulau Pinang, the employment structure in Penang is shown in Table 5.7.

(5.54) In terms of job opportunities, 49.3% of the employment opportunities in Penang are related to manufacturing. The high employment in the manufacturing sector can be contributed by the increase in the allocation for industrial land in Penang and its surrounding areas.

5.5 Baseline Environmental Quality

(5.55) Baseline environmental quality for the study area are obtained from field sampling for marine water quality, air quality and noise levels. Figure 5.6 depicts the locations of the baseline environmental monitoring stations while Table 5.8 provides the description of the environmental monitoring stations. The following provides a discussion of the baseline monitoring conducted for the site.

5.5.1 Marine Water Quality

(5.56) Discharges from the site will enter the drainage system which drains into the existing drains along Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah prior entering the sea. Thus water sample from sea receiving the stormwater discharges is assessed in this EIA study. The water quality sampling stations are shown in earlier Figure 5.6.

th (5.57) Water samples are obtained at two sampling stations in the marine environment on 26 August 2015 to assess the marine water quality. Three grab samples are obtained from each of the marine water sampling locations. The samples are analyzed in the laboratory to determine the pollution strength. Samples are tested for TSS (Total Suspended

Solids), NH3 (Ammonia), DO (Dissolved Oxygen), Oil and Grease, Faecal Coliform, PO4

(Phosphates), NO2 (Nitrites) and NO3 (Nitrates).

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.17 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd. Table 5.5 Projected Population (%) According To Ethnic Group Year Bumiputera Chinese Indians Others Total 2005 41.3 43.0 10.0 5.7 100 2010 42.0 40.9 9.7 7.4 100 2015 42.9 38.9 9.3 8.9 100 2020 43.7 37.0 9.0 10.3 100 Source: Laporan Pemeriksaan Rancangan Struktur Negeri Pulau Pinang 2005.

Table 5.6 Projected Age Group And Gender Composition According To District 0-14 Years 15-64 Years 65 Years Above Total Area M F M F M F M F TL 56.6 53.7 158.4 179.0 10.7 16.9 225.6 249.7 BD 31.4 28.8 63.0 65.3 2.9 3.7 97.3 97.7 SPU 44.7 42.4 93.8 89.2 7.6 9.4 146.1 141.0 SPT 50.8 48.0 116.4 116.3 8.7 9.9 175.9 174.2 SPS 24.0 22.4 47.2 44.3 3.7 4.3 74.9 71.1 Penang State 207.4 195.2 478.7 494.4 33.6 44.2 719.7 733.8 Sex Ratio 106 97 76 98 % Age 27.7 66.9 5.4 100 Source : Laporan Pemeriksaan Rancangan Struktur Negeri Pulau Pinang 2005 Note : M – Male F- Female

Table 5.7 Projected Employment In Penang According To Sector 2000-2020 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Industry Bil. % Bil. % Bil. % Bil. % Bil. % Agriculture, 19.0 3 20.0 2.8 20.8 2.7 21.5 2.5 22.1 2.3 Forestry, Fishery and Animal Husbandry Mining and 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.1 Quarrying Manufacturing 257.7 41.2 290 41.3 324.5 41.4 360.2 41.5 397.4 41.6 Electric and Water 2.0 0.3 2.2 0.3 2.4 0.3 2.6 0.3 2.8 0.3 Construction 39.5 6.3 44.1 6.3 48.7 6.2 53.0 6.1 56.8 5.9 Commerce, Retail, 125.6 20.1 144.5 20.6 162.8 20.8 182.7 21.1 205 21.4 Hotel and Restaurant Transport and 31.4 5.0 33.3 4.7 35.4 4.5 37.5 4.3 39.7 4.2 Communications Services, Banking, 30.5 4.9 33.6 4.8 36.9 4.7 40.4 4.7 44.2 4.6 Insurance, Real Estate Social and 118.6 19.0 134.1 19.1 150.8 19.3 168.5 19.4 187.4 19.6 Personnel Services Total 625 100 702.5 100 783 100 867.1 100 956.1 100 Source: Laporan Pemeriksaan Struktur Negeri Pulau Pinang 2005.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.18 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Figure 5.6 Location of Baseline Environmental Quality Sampling Stations

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.19 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Table 5.8 Description Of Baseline Environmental Quality Sampling Stations Segment Station ID Georeferences Location Marine Water MW1 N 05025'35.48” At upstream of point of discharge entering the sea E 100019'39.26” MW2 N 05025'35.15” At downstream of point of discharge entering the sea E 100019'40.37” Air Quality AQ1 N 05025'28.56” At Mayfair Condominium located to the northeast of project site E 100019'35.88” AQ2 N 05025'28.5” At Project Site E 100019'34.2” AQ3 N 05025'24.30” At Tadika Methodist E 100019'30.20” Noise Levels NL1 N 05025'28.56” At Mayfair Condominium located to the northeast of project site E 100019'35.88” NL2 N 05025'28.5” At Project Site E 100019'34.2” NL3 N 05025'24.30” At Tadika Methodist E 100019'30.20”

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.20 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

(5.58) The marine water quality results and variation of the selected parameters are shown in Table 5.9. Comparisons are made with Class 2 of MWQS (Marine Water Quality Standards) as the marine waters are used for recreational purpose with discussions provided below. The analytical results are shown in Appendix C of this report.

(i) Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

(5.59) TSS is measured to determine the pollution load including inorganic/ sediments and other transporting or catalytic agents that cause pollution. It is also used as an indicator of soil erosion. Values for TSS generally ranging from 10 to 24 mg/l in the water samples are found to be generally low and within Class 2 of MWQS of 50 mg/l.

(ii) Oil and Grease

(5.60) Oil and grease are generally not detected in the water samples whereby the detection limit is 2 mg/l.

(iii) Faecal Coliform

(5.61) Pathogen values in the form of Faecal Coliform of less than 1.8 MPN/100 ml are detected in the marine water samples which are below Class 2 of MWQS.

(iv) Ammonia (NH3)

(5.62) NH3 are generally not detected in the water samples of which the detection limit is 0.07 mg/l and thus within Class 2 of MWQS.

(v) Nitrites (NO2)

(5.63) Values for NO2 ranging from 0.07 to 0.23 mg/l are detected in the water samples. These values are found to be outside Class 2 of MWQS.

(vi) Nitrates (NO3)

(5.64) Values for NO3 ranging from 3.89 to 5.44 mg/l are detected in the water samples. These values are found to be outside Class 2 of MWQS.

(vii) Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

(5.65) DO values ranging from 6.8 to 7.0 mg/l are detected in the water samples which are found to be better than Class 2 of MWQS.

(viii) Phosphates (PO4)

(5.66) PO4 are generally not detected in the water samples with the detection limits of 0.5 mg/l.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.21 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Table 5.9 Marine Water Quality Data Sampling Date: 26th August 2015

MW1 MW2 Class 2 Parameters S1 S2 S3 S1 S2 S3 MWQS Phosphates (mg/l) ND<0.5 ND<0.5 ND<0.5 ND<0.5 ND<0.5 ND<0.5 0.075 Ammonia (mg/l) ND<0.07 ND<0.07 ND<0.07 ND<0.07 ND<0.07 ND<0.07 0.07 Nitrites (mg/l) 0.23 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.055 Nitrates (mg/l) 4.34 3.89 4.34 5.44 4.00 5.00 0.06 Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) 24 13 16 15 10 16 50 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) 6.9 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.0 5 Oil & Grease (mg/l) ND<2.0 ND<2.0 ND<2.0 ND<2.0 ND<2.0 ND<2.0 0.14 Faecal Coliform (MPN/ 100 ml) <1.8 <1.8 <1.8 <1.8 <1.8 <1.8 100 Source: Field Survey, YES Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd. Class 2- Marine Life, Fisheries, Coral Reefs, Recreational and Mariculture use S1 – Taken During High Tide S2 – Taken During Low Tide S3 – Taken During High Tide

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.22 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

(5.67) In summary base on the analysis conducted it can be inferred, that the marine water

quality at the sampling sites are generally within Class 2 of MWQS. However, NO2 and

NO3 are outside Class 2 of MWQS whilst PO4 and Oil & Grease are generally not detected at the detection limits.

(5.68) In order to gauge the marine water quality in relation to the DOE's MWQI (Marine Water Quality Index),calculations for the MWQI is made using the following formula:-

MWQI = SIDO0.2 x SINH30.16 x SIF.C0.14 x SITSS0.14 x SIO&G0.13 x SINO30.12 x

SIPO40.11

(5.69) Table 5.10 provides a summary of the sub index for the selected parameters required in tabulating the MWQI whilst Table 5.11 provides the DOE's Marine Water Quality Index classification.

(5.70) According to the classification, the marine water quality can be considered as moderate.

5.5.2 Air Quality

(5.71) Air quality at the project site and surrounding area are also assessed to determine the ambient air quality of the project area. Three sampling stations are used for this purpose. A sampling station to the northeast of the project site at Mayfair Condominium (AQ1), one located on the project site (AQ2) and one at Tadika Methodist (AQ3) are identified for this purposes. The locations of the air sampling stations are shown in earlier Figure 5.6.

th th (5.72) The sampling is conducted between 24 to 26 August 2015 for TSP and PM2.5. Sampling is conducted by means of a particulate sampler, which is fitted with a filter paper. Air is 3 3 drawn into the pump for 24 hours at a rate of 10 m for TSP and 20 m for PM2.5.

(5.73) All sampling procedures to ensure filters are not contaminated, weighted and calibrated are conducted before the sampling began. The filters after sampling are sent to the

laboratory for weighing. Samples are tested for TSP and PM2.5.

(5.74) The results of the analysis are shown in Table 5.12 whilst the laboratory analysis and calculations are provided in Appendix C. Data showed that air quality in terms of TSP ranging from 85 µg/Nm3 to 110 µg/Nm3 are detected. The TSP values in the area is found 3 3 to be below the guidelines of 260 µg/Nm . PM2.5 levels ranging from 13.3 µg/Nm to 53.0 µg/Nm3 are found to be within the guidelines of 75 µg/Nm3.

5.5.3 Noise Levels

(5.75) There are no major sources of noise in the vicinity except for traffic movement. Noise measurements are conducted between 24th to 26th August 2015 to assess the baseline noise levels in the area. Three sampling stations are identified for this purpose as shown in earlier Figure 5.6. Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.23 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Table 5.10 Summary Of MWQI Calculations Parameters Sub Index Index Dissolve Oxygen SIDO 99.5

Ammonia Nitrogen (ionized) SINH3N 93.23 F. Coliform SIFC 90.48 Total Suspended Solids SISS 89.81 Oil & Grease SIO&G 64.39

Nitrates SINO3 86.33

Phosphates SIPO4 95.25 MWQI 78.76 (Moderate)

Table 5.11 Marine Water Quality Classifications Based On Marine Water Quality Index Category Values Excellent 91-100 Good 80-<90 Moderate 50-<80 Poor 0-<50 Source : Department of Environment

Table 5.12 Air Quality Data In August 2015

Station No. Location TSP PM2.5 (µg/Nm3) (µg/Nm3) AQ1 At Mayfair Condominium to northeast of project site 85 53 AQ2 At boundary of project site 110 13.3 AQ3 At Tadika Methodist 105 40 Guidelines 260 75 Source: Field Survey, YES Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd. Note: Sampling Date at AQ1 on 24.8.2015 Sampling Date at AQ2 on 25.8.2015 Sampling Date at AQ3 on 26.8.2015

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.24 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

(5.76) Table 5.13 depicts the summary of the noise data from the measurements conducted at the sampling stations. Based on the noise monitoring study, the noise levels at Mayfair Condominium (NL1) and the Tadika Methodist (NL3) sampling stations are found to be in the range of 50.1 to 50.2 dB(A) Leq (daytime) and 50.0 to 50.1 dB(A) Leq (nighttime). The daytime noise levels are found to be below the guidelines of 60 dB(A) Leq for urban residential use. However the night time noise levels at Mayfair Condominium is slightly above the guideline of 50 dB(A) Leq. Traffic is the major contributor towards noise in the area. At the boundary of the Proposed Project site the noise levels are 52.6 dB(A) leq (daytime) and 50.0 dB(A) Leq (nighttime) which is within the guidelines for commercial use.

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.25 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang Commercial In Confidence Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd.

Table 5.13 Noise Levels dB(A) In August 2015 Sampling Sampling Parameters Station Dates Daytime Nighttime

Lmin Lmax L90 Leq Lmin Lmax L90 Leq NL1 24.8.2015 41.3 52.7 50.4 50.2 40.4 62.4 56.3 50.1 NL2 25.8.2015 42.5 55.4 54.6 52.6 40.5 59.4 56.5 50.0 NL3 26.8.2015 41.2 50.6 51.5 50.1 41.5 59.0 54.5 50.0 Guidelines 60 dB(A) Leq for urban residential 50 dB(A) Leq for urban residential 65 dB(A) Leq for commercial 55 dB(A) Leq for commercial Source : Field Survey, YES Enviro Services Sdn. Bhd. NL1 - Sampled at Mayfair Condominium to northeast of project site NL2 - Sampled at Project Site NL3 - Sampled at Tadika Methodist

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment For Page 5.26 Meridian Atlantic Sdn. Bhd. Proposed Hotel Development On Lot 1243 (Original Lots 236 & 1044), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Seksyen 13, George Town, Daerah Timur Laut, Pulau Pinang