DOCSLIB.ORG

The United Nations University Is an Organ of the United Nations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The United Nations University Is an Organ of the United Nations The United Nations University is an organ of the United Nations established by the General Assembly in 1972 to be an international community of scholars engaged in research, advanced training, and the dissemination of knowledge related to the pressing global problems of human survival, development, and welfare. Its activities focus mainly on peace and conflict resolution, development in a changing world, and science and technology in relation to human welfare. The University operates through a worldwide network of research and postgraduate training centres, with its planning and coordinating headquarters in Tokyo. The United Nations University Press, the publishing division of the UNU, publishes scholarly books and periodicals in the social sciences, humanities, and pure and applied natural sciences related to the University’s research. The changing nature of democracy The changing nature of democracy Edited by Takashi Inoguchi, Edward Newman, and John Keane United Nations a University Press TOKYO u NEW YORK u PARIS ( The United Nations University, 1998 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations University. United Nations University Press The United Nations University, 53-70, Jingumae 5-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8925, Japan Tel: (03) 3499-2811 Fax: (03) 3406-7345 E-mail: [email protected] UNU Office in North America 2 United Nations Plaza, Room DC2-1462-70, New York, NY 10017 Tel: (212) 963-6387 Fax: (212) 371-9454 Telex: 422311 UN UI United Nations University Press is the publishing division of the United Nations University. Cover design by Joyce C. Weston Printed in the United States of America UNUP-1005 ISBN 92-808-1005-7 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The changing nature of democracy / edited by Takashi Inoguchi, Edward Newman, and John Keane. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9280810057 (pbk.) 1. Democracy—History—20th century. I. Inoguchi, Takashi. II. Newman, Edward, 1970– III. Keane, John, 1949– JC421.C43 1998 321.8–ddc21 98-9061 CIP Contents 1 Introduction: The changing nature of democracy 1 Takashi Inoguchi, Edward Newman, and John Keane Definitions and criteria 21 2 Some basic assumptions about the consolidation of democracy 23 Philippe C. Schmitter 3 Fifty years after the ‘‘Great Transformation’’: Reflections on social order and political agency 37 Claus Offe 4 Toward consolidated democracies 48 Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan Democracy and social framework 69 5 Democracy and constitutionalism 71 Jean Blondel 6 Mass media and participatory democracy 87 Elihu Katz v Client: UNU/J J-8794 Inoguchi UNU11 Times_L (.01) .3 .05 .05 B/S: YPK 16/2 PMU: ELO 25/2 pp. v-vii Cont_P (p. 5) Contents 7 Party representation in the United Kingdom, Australia, and Japan 101 J.A.A. Stockwin Democracy and global forces 117 8 The democratization process and the market 119 Miha´ly Simai 9 Political representation and economic competitiveness: Is a new democratic synthesis conceivable? 136 Ian Marsh 10 A structure for peace: A democratic, interdependent, and institutionalized order 157 Bruce Russett Regional characteristics of democracy 171 11 Asian-style democracy? 173 Takashi Inoguchi 12 Post-communist Europe: Comparative reflections 184 Alfred Stepan and Juan J. Linz 13 Religion and democracy: The case of Islam, civil society, and democracy 213 Saad Eddin Ibrahim Invigorating democratic ideas and institutions 229 14 The Philadelphia model 231 John Keane 15 Democracy at the United Nations 244 Daniele Archibugi vi Client: UNU/J J-8794 Inoguchi UNU11 Times_L (.01) .3 .05 .05 B/S: YPK 16/2 PMU: ELO 25/2 pp. v-vii Cont_P (p. 6) Contents 16 A meditation on democracy 255 Bernard Crick Contributors 266 Index 270 vii Client: UNU/J J-8794 Inoguchi UNU11 Times_L (.01) .3 .05 .05 B/S: YPK 16/2 PMU: ELO 25/2 pp. v-vii Cont_P (p. 7) 1 Introduction: The changing nature of democracy Takashi Inoguchi, Edward Newman, and John Keane Democracy is widely advocated and sought, but its meaning is widely contested. At a time when democracy is proliferating geographically it is appropriate to re-examine the perennial debates of established democracies and the tensions and opportunities evident in transi- tional societies as they embrace democratic institutions and norms. Is democracy fulfilling its promise both in established democracies and in transitional societies? A re-examination is timely also because the nature of democracy is diversifying as it proliferates and is condi- tioned by cultural and political differences and varying stages of eco- nomic and social development. In turn, as democracy evolves in this way, a standard definition or model of democracy is increasingly elu- sive. Furthermore, as the global political, economic, and technolo- gical environments rapidly change, we need to examine how these changes have affected the nature of democracy. The language and aspirations of democracy are increasingly seen within the context of an emerging global ethos which purports to find points of unity in the human condition and perhaps even a fledgling global citizenship. Transparency, accountability, and performance more than ever before form the benchmark for authority, legitimacy, and ‘‘good governance,’’ promoted by global media and communica- tions. Subsequently, democracy is recognized as the primary vehicle for the fulfilment of individual and collective aspirations, the articu- lation of interests, and the nurturing of civil society. In turn, the ful- filment of human material and spiritual aspirations is increasingly seen to underpin both domestic and international peace and security. The wider conception of peace and security embraces all spheres of 1 Client: UNU/J J-8794 Inoguchi UNU11 Times_L (.01) .3 .05 .05 PMU: ELO 25/2 AC: WSL 9/4 pp. 1-19 CH1_P (p. 1) Takashi Inoguchi, Edward Newman, and John Keane life – economic, political, social, and environmental in addition to territorial and military security – and democracy is increasingly seen as an integral part of this matrix. Autocratic authority has been chal- lenged across the globe in a ‘‘worldwide movement toward democ- racy.’’1 As a part of the same process, the concept of democracy has been internationalized as never before, as state boundaries permeate issues that cause repercussions on all spheres of life across the globe. In addition to the geographic widening of democracy as a political system, there is a debate concerning its sphere of applicability. What areas of life are, or should be, subject to democracy and to the non- violent controversies about power within public spheres of debate and controversy? Definitions and criteria Democracy and democratic theory are largely conditional on differ- ing conceptions of citizenship, social needs, and human nature. These conceptions are in turn the result of social, cultural, and ideological variables. Clearly, the world reflects great diversity: the definition and criteria of democracy represent a major problem. Even the notion of a ‘‘definition’’ is contentious: should such foundational criteria be based upon procedural factors and institutions, or abstract outcomes? Yet, without an accepted definition of democracy, there will be no consensus in identifying problems associated with democracy and democratization. Without solid measures or concepts of democracy, the processes of democratization and democratic consolidation cannot be effectively monitored. However elusive and context dependent a definition of democracy is, the chapter by Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan on democratic consolidation (ch. 4) argues that certain gen- eral conditions must exist for a political system to be reasonably described as democratic. From the time of the Greek city democ- racies, perennial tensions have existed in trying to apply the ideal of government by the people: individual freedom and rights, collective goods, state cohesion, minority rights, and social justice all compete in this. Indeed, the central dialectic is the achievement of col- lective public goods and the aggregation of common values with- out threatening private individual rights and freedoms. Yet, what is the ‘‘common good’’? Where does the balance lie between efficiency and representation and legitimacy? The balance between these values represents a significant challenge for many political societies, as Bernard Crick’s ‘‘Meditation on Democracy’’ (ch. 16) observes. 2 Client: UNU/J J-8794 Inoguchi UNU11 Times_L (.01) .3 .05 .05 PMU: ELO 25/2 AC: WSL 9/4 pp. 1-19 CH1_P (p. 2) Introduction Moreover, the presence of identity groups – such as ethnicity and nationality – within many democratic polities exerts strains over and above these perennial democratic paradoxes. The history of democratic theory and practice has reflected a number of political models, often categorized as direct participatory democracy, one-party people’s democracy, social democracy, and liberal representative democracy. In the immediate post-Cold War context and with the ethos of the ‘‘end’’ of ideological history, the widely held assumption, especially in the West, has been that liberal democracy in the free-market context is the most efficient and equit- able organizing principle of modern society. Social and people’s democracies have effectively ceased to be contenders in the democ- racy debate in the post-Cold War world, and the demise of Keynesian welfare economics is now terminable. However, Claus Offe’s contri- bution on social order and political agency (ch. 3) argues that the ‘‘neo-liberal’’ environment
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 0000679000.Pdf(489.79
    1 NORTH KOREA AND NUCLEAR DETERRENCE Patrick Morgan Contrary to the usual view, deterring a state like North Korea is not really more difficult if it has nuclear weapons. Pre- venting North Korea from deterring a government like the US, or a UN coalition, is also not more difficult if the North has nuclear weapons. It is very difficult to make a decision to use nuclear weapons. It is especially difficult if a government is devoted to its survival, will certainly cease to exist if it uses nuclear weapons (the reaction would be so extreme), and its opponents may not react so harshly if it decides not to use nuclear weapons. This is the situation the North will be in with a modest number of nuclear weapons. Thus those who pres- sure the North should stop short of threatening its existence. And the North should take seriously the current opportunity to negotiate a settlement of the Korean problem. Since early in the nuclear age, when it was suggested that states would soon have to rely on nuclear deterrence to keep safe, the idea of doing so has aroused uneasiness, particularly on the grounds that this is too static and leaves too much of the responsibility for national secu- International Journal of Korean Unification Studies, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2004, pp. 1-19. Copyright © 2004 by KINU 2 North Korea and Nuclear Deterrence Patrick Morgan 3 rity in the hands of another state, one that may be a dangerous oppo- 1950 was a striking failure of security policy for the US and the ROK.
    [Show full text]
  • Hoover Institution Newsletter Winter 2004
    HOOVER INSTITUTION WINTER 2004 NEWSLETTERNEWSLETTER FALL RETREAT TAKES ON TIMELY TOPICS PRESIDENT BUSH WITH SPEAKERS, PRESENTATIONS NOMINATES KORET TASK FORCE MEMBERS TO NATIONAL BOARD onstitutional law, education, racial discussed the strengths and weakness of quotas, nuclear weapons, tax U.S. leadership. In his talk, Ferguson FOR EDUCATION SCIENCES Cpolicy, and the future of California explored how far the Anglo-American hree members of the Hoover Insti- were among the many timely topics ideals of free markets, rule of law, and rep- tution’s Koret Task Force on K–12 addressed during the Hoover Institution’s resentative government can be maintained Education were nominated by Pres- Fall Director’s Retreat, October 26–28, and how far they can be exported or glob- T ident George W. Bush to the National 2003. continued on page 8 Board for Education Sciences. Hoover senior fellow Victor Davis Nominated were Eric A.Hanushek,Car- Hanson discussed “The War on Terrorism oline Hoxby, and Herbert Walberg. in a Classical Context,”and,in the course of Hanushek, who was nominated to a his talk, examined mythologies surround- two-year term, is the Paul and Jean Hanna ing war, their causes and how they are Senior Fellow in Education at Hoover. resolved. Hoxby, who was nominated to a four- “Wars are hard to start,”said Hanson, a year term, is a professor of economics at noted classicist and author, “Most states Harvard University and director of the know exactly what they’re doing and they Economics of Education Program for the take these precipitous steps because they National Bureau of Economic Research.
    [Show full text]
  • Democratic Vanguardism
    Democratic Vanguardism Modernity, Intervention, and the making of the Bush Doctrine Michael Harland A Thesis Submitted in Fulfillment of The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Department of History University of Canterbury 2013 For Francine Contents Acknowledgements 1 Abstract 3 Introduction 4 1. America at the Vanguard: Democracy Promotion and the Bush Doctrine 16 2. Assessing History’s End: Thymos and the Post-Historic Life 37 3. The Exceptional Nation: Power, Principle and American Foreign Policy 55 4. The “Crisis” of Liberal Modernity: Neoconservatism, Relativism and Republican Virtue 84 5. An “Intoxicating Moment:” The Rise of Democratic Globalism 123 6. The Perfect Storm: September 11 and the coming of the Bush Doctrine 159 Conclusion 199 Bibliography 221 1 Acknowledgements Over the three years I spent researching and writing this thesis, I have received valuable advice and support from a number of individuals and organisations. My supervisors, Peter Field and Jeremy Moses, were exemplary. As my senior supervisor, Peter provided a model of a consummate historian – lively, probing, and passionate about the past. His detailed reading of my work helped to hone the thesis significantly. Peter also allowed me to use his office while he was on sabbatical in 2009. With a library of over six hundred books, the space proved of great use to an aspiring scholar. Jeremy Moses, meanwhile, served as the co-supervisor for this thesis. His research on the connections between liberal internationalist theory and armed intervention provided much stimulus for this study. Our discussions on the present trajectory of American foreign policy reminded me of the continuing pertinence of my dissertation topic.
    [Show full text]
  • TRANSITION to WHAT? Legacies and Reform Trajectories After Communism Chapter Author(S): GRIGORE POP-ELECHES
    University of Washington Press Chapter Title: TRANSITION TO WHAT? Legacies and Reform Trajectories after Communism Chapter Author(s): GRIGORE POP-ELECHES Book Title: World Order after Leninism Book Editor(s): Vladimir Tismaneanu, Marc Morjé Howard, Rudra Sil Published by: University of Washington Press. (2006) Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvcwnpdh.6 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms University of Washington Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to World Order after Leninism This content downloaded from 128.112.40.49 on Mon, 30 Mar 2020 19:32:28 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 3 TRANSITION TO WHAT? Legacies and Reform Trajectories after Communism GRIGORE POP-ELECHES he passage of sixteen years since the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe provides a good vantage point not only for assess- Ting the social and political trajectories of ex-communist countries but also for revisiting one of the most original and influential perspectives on the "transition," Ken Jowitt's "The Leninist Legacy." This essay analyzes to what extent a common Leninist legacy persists in the social and politi- cal fabric of the former communist countries, and discusses how this legacy can be reconciled with the dramatic divergence of developmental paths among the countries in that region.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservative Parties and the Birth of Democracy
    Conservative Parties and the Birth of Democracy How do democracies form and what makes them die? Daniel Ziblatt revisits this timely and classic question in a wide-ranging historical narrative that traces the evolution of modern political democracy in Europe from its modest beginnings in 1830s Britain to Adolf Hitler’s 1933 seizure of power in Weimar Germany. Based on rich historical and quantitative evidence, the book offers a major reinterpretation of European history and the question of how stable political democracy is achieved. The barriers to inclusive political rule, Ziblatt finds, were not inevitably overcome by unstoppable tides of socioeconomic change, a simple triumph of a growing middle class, or even by working class collective action. Instead, political democracy’s fate surprisingly hinged on how conservative political parties – the historical defenders of power, wealth, and privilege – recast themselves and coped with the rise of their own radical right. With striking modern parallels, the book has vital implications for today’s new and old democracies under siege. Daniel Ziblatt is Professor of Government at Harvard University where he is also a resident fellow of the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies. He is also currently Fernand Braudel Senior Fellow at the European University Institute. His first book, Structuring the State: The Formation of Italy and Germany and the Puzzle of Federalism (2006) received several prizes from the American Political Science Association. He has written extensively on the emergence of democracy in European political history, publishing in journals such as American Political Science Review, Journal of Economic History, and World Politics.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    POLIcy RESEARCH WORKI-ING PAPER 128 6 Public Disclosure Authorized Economic Transformation The fiscal crisisin central Europe in the early 1990s is and the Fiscal Crisis attributable mainly to increased social spending Public Disclosure Authorized A Critical Look at the ratherthan to the collapsein Central European Experience profitabilityof state-owned of the 1990s enterprises. Luca Barbone Domenico jr. Marchetti Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The Wofld Bank Europe and Central Asia Country Department H Country Operations Division April 1994 Poi( -YR?t. Ak(iH WORKIM; PAPI'FA12 86 Su,mmaryfindings iAI10ot1 1nMid NaIrLitCrti argue that tradition,il the nrCnill1)n I I sahIouCltl )11 IiLiIttd tII thiII exphi si iI explantations it the fiscal crisis in retornling cx-sociahst spendoig (especially social spending) ratheLr than to the LCo:iiii0e1 oicrlItokve rilcial icitonnctjions betrwee key crisis in revcLn1e. comiipolientsof the deficit - partICUlarlyhbtween MNa.nVot tilh social costs (Otadj litSitiWI teeW rT I!! -A redcuctioinsin spending and declines in reve noes. hidden wlithi the stat-t-owned enterprises sestew. 'I Alt0o4t all stLIdiesot the tiscal aspects ot the transition Social costs inClude UICIneiJplkmennt heCneits a1d thil Stressthe impact oni the fiscal budget ot the pertormtance of supportinig - tht(oiugh pensil is or s cial assi3 lk e cIriSiS itl state-owVned e nrerplises. Barboiteanid Miarchetti the people displaced troni tWe vi irk ior.e t.s the conitenldthat this aspect ot the fiscal crisis haSbeen
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparative Perspectne on the Leninist Legacy in Eastern Europe
    A Comparative Perspective on the Leninist Legacy in Eastern Europe Geddes, Barbara Comparative Political Studies; Jul 1, 1995; 28, 2; ProQuest pg. 239 This study begins with a comparison between post-Communist and other postauthoritarian party systems, demonstrating the greater importance of new parties in the formerly Leninist systems. It then discusses the effect on new parties of the weakness of prior interest group organization and sudden, as opposed to incremental, increases in political participation. The third section focuses on the institutional consequences of the differences noted in the first and second sections. It demonstrates the strong relationship between the interests of leaders of new parties and the kinds of democratic institutions created during transitions from authoritarianism. The study concludes with some speculations about the probable longer term effects of the distinctive features of the Leninist legacy. A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTNE ON THE LENINIST LEGACY IN EASTERN EUROPE BARBARA GEDDES University of California, Los Angeles nstitutions reflect the interests of those who devise them. This asser­ I tion is as true in contemporary Eastern Europe as it is in other times and places. If one knows who makes institutional choices and how they expect the various alternatives to affect their interests, then one can predict what choices will be made. Consequently, to determine the effect of the Leninist political legacy on democratic institutions in Eastern Europe, one needs to look at how 40 years of Leninism affected the interests of the individuals who found themselves deliberating over the content of new constitutions and electoral laws during and immediately after transitions from communism.
    [Show full text]
  • Policy Paper No. 1 Labour Market Developments in Eastern and Central Europe
    POLICY PAPER NO. 1 LABOUR MARKET DEVELOPMENTS IN EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE by Guy Standing* 39464 Note: *Director, Central and Eastern European Team, International Labour Organisation. Budapest H-1066, Mozsar u. 14, Hungary January 1993 LABOUR MARKET DEVELOPMENTS m EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE 1. Introduction While the human suffering and deprivation in many parts of the so-called developing world defies sensible comparison with developments in other parts of the world, it is understandable that recent economic and social upheavals in the countries of eastern and central Europe should have attracted global attention. Nurturing and sustaining a climate of democracy and equitable growth in this region will be vital for the future global economy. The economic reality in the ECE region since the late 1980s has been calamitous. One may quibble about the exact magnitude, yet nobody disputes that the economic decline has been tragic and frightening. And as of late 1992, it was continuing, bringing social discord, wars, ethnic and religious tensions and unhappy memories of things past. This paper reviews the main labour market developments that have emerged from the economic chaos and the pursuit of "structural adjustment" strategies in the countries of the region, drawing in part on ILO studies in seven of the main countries. A basic premise is that without effective micro-level institutional restructuring, including adequate attention to the full range of human development policies, macro-economic stabilisation and adjustment strategies will fail by any decent yardstick. The notion of eastern and central Europe is an expanding concept, in two senses. The number of countries that have moved into a process of "transition" has been growing, and the number of independent countries has been growing.
    [Show full text]
  • Macedonian Lustration (1999 - 2012) Events, Statements, and Newspaper Articles Application of Lustration Laws
    A Closer Look at the Application of the Laws 1 MACEDONIAN LUSTRATION (1999 - 2012) Events, Statements, and Newspaper Articles Application of Lustration Laws 2 MACEDONIAN LUSTRATION (1999 - 2012) – EVENTS, STATEMENTS, AND NEWSPAPER ARTICLES Series: A Closer Look at the Application of the Laws MACEDONIAN LUSTRATION (1999 - 2012) Events, Statements, and Newspaper Articles Application of Lustration Laws Publisher: Foundation Open Society – Macedonia For the publisher: Vladimir Milcin, Executive Director Authors: Foundation Open Society – Macedonia In cooperation with: Zarko Trajanovski, M.A. contribution: Macedonian Lustration (1999-2012) Events, Statements, and Newspaper Articles Frosina Tasevska Remenski, Ph.D. Vladimir Pivovarov, Ph.D. contribution: Application of Lustration Laws Editors: Dance Danilovska – Bajdevska Nada Naumovska Proofreading and translation into English: Abakus Design and layout: Koma Print: Propoint Circulation: 600 Free/noncommercial circulation A Closer Look at the Application of the Laws 3 Skopje, November 2012 4 MACEDONIAN LUSTRATION (1999 - 2012) – EVENTS, STATEMENTS, AND NEWSPAPER ARTICLES CIP – Каталогизација во публикација Национална и универзитетска библиотека „Св. Климент Охридски“, Скопје 35.082.5(497.7)»1999/2012» 321.728-021.341(497.7)»1999/2012» МАКЕДОНСКАТА лустрација : (1999-2012) : настани, изјави, наслови : примена на лустрациските прописи / [уредници Данче Даниловска- Бајдевска, Нада Наумовска]. - Скопје : Фондација Отворено општество - Македонија = Skopje : Foundation Open Society-Macedonia, 2012 (Скопје : Пропоинт). - 240, 228 стр. ; 24 см. - (Едиција Примената на законите под лупа = A Closer look at the application of the laws) Насл. стр. на припечатениот текст: Macedonian lustration : (1999-2012) : events, statements and newspaper articles : application of lustration laws. - Обата текста меѓусебно печатени во спротивни насоки. - Текст на мак. и англ. јазик. - Фусноти кон текстот.
    [Show full text]
  • The Economic Crisis
    A WORLD BANK COUNTRY STUDY 1 8G,3 Public Disclosure Authorized Belarus A, 7i,-,., .1I,fai tk.s,t/sli(II, tlto' p/r.s'c R(,I}0/ Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized A WORLD BANK COUNTRY STUDY Belarus Prices,Markets, and EnterpriseReform The World Bank Washington,D.C. Copyright X 1997 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing July 1997 World Bank Country Studies are among the many reports originally prepared for internal use as part of the continuing analysis by the Bank of the economic and related conditions of its developing member countries and of its dialogues with the governments. Some of the reports are published in this series with the least possible delay for the use of governments and the academic, business and financial, and develop- ment communities. The typescript of this paper therefore has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formal printed texts, and the World Bank accepts no responsibility for errors. Some sources cited in this paper may be informal documents that are not readily available. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any consequence of their use. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this volume do not imply on the part of the World Bank Group any judgment on the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Health and the Environment
    Volume 6 Number 5, Winter 2000/2001 eurohealth Health and the Environment The challenges of enlargement for public health Improving the quality of healthcare The developing role of nursing The Commission’s Health Strategy: view from the Committee of the Regions eurohealth Public health policy in the EU is being shaped by several political and structural forces. At the political level, the increased emphasis on public health issues that has taken place LSE Health, London School of Economics p in recent years is highlighting the centrality of health issues and Political Science, Houghton Street, across the public policy spectrum. Quite apart from the overt London WC2A 2AE, United Kingdom requirement for public health to be recognised in policy Tel: +44 (0)20 7955 6840 design across directorates, the intrinsic presence of public Fax: +44 (0)20 7955 6803 health issues in various areas of policy requires in itself that Web Site: www.lse.ac.uk\Depts\lse–health there is a health focus in setting the policy agenda. This is per- haps nowhere more true than in environment policy where EDITORIAL r EDITOR: issues such as pollution are in essence public health issues. Mike Sedgley: +44 (0)20 7955 6194 Environment Commissioner Margot Wallström here sets out email: [email protected] the importance of health concerns in environmental policy SENIOR EDITORIAL ADVISER: making and describes the initiatives and polices being pursued Paul Belcher: +44 (0)20 7955 6377 email: [email protected] e in order to address the serious environmental health concerns EDITORIAL TEAM: that face the European Union as a modern industrial society.
    [Show full text]
  • The Planetary Turn
    The Planetary Turn The Planetary Turn Relationality and Geoaesthetics in the Twenty- First Century Edited by Amy J. Elias and Christian Moraru northwestern university press evanston, illinois Northwestern University Press www .nupress.northwestern .edu Copyright © 2015 by Northwestern University Press. Published 2015. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data The planetary turn : relationality and geoaesthetics in the twenty-first century / edited by Amy J. Elias and Christian Moraru. pages cm Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-8101-3073-9 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-8101-3075-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-8101-3074-6 (ebook) 1. Space and time in literature. 2. Space and time in motion pictures. 3. Globalization in literature. 4. Aesthetics. I. Elias, Amy J., 1961– editor of compilation. II. Moraru, Christian, editor of compilation. PN56.S667P57 2015 809.9338—dc23 2014042757 Except where otherwise noted, this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. In all cases attribution should include the following information: Elias, Amy J., and Christian Moraru. The Planetary Turn: Relationality and Geoaesthetics in the Twenty-First Century. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2015. The following material is excluded from the license: Illustrations and an earlier version of “Gilgamesh’s Planetary Turns” by Wai Chee Dimock as outlined in the acknowledgments. For permissions beyond the scope of this license, visit http://www.nupress .northwestern.edu/.
    [Show full text]