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Learning Cyrillic
LEARNING CYRILLIC Question: If there is no equivalent letter in the Cyrillic alphabet for the Roman "J" or "H" how do you transcribe good German names like Johannes, Heinrich, Wilhelm, etc. I heard one suggestion that Johann was written as Ivan and that the "h" was replaced with a "g". Can you give me a little insight into what you have found? In researching would I be looking for the name Ivan rather than Johann? One must always think phonetic, that is, think how a name is pronounced in German, and how does the Russian Cyrillic script produce that sound? JOHANNES. The Cyrillic spelling begins with the letter “I – eye”, but pronounced “eee”, so we have phonetically “eee-o-hann” which sounds like “Yo-hann”. You can see it better in typeface – Иоганн , which letter for letter reads as “I-o-h-a-n-n”. The modern Typeface script is radically different than the old hand-written Cyrillic script. Use the guide which I sent to you. Ivan is the Russian equivalent of Johann, and it pops up occasionally in Church records. JOSEPH / JOSEF. Listen to the way the name is pronounced in German – “yo-sef”, also “yo-sif”. That “yo” sound is produced by the Cyrillic script letters “I” and “o”. Again you can see it in the typeface. Иосеф and also Иосиф. And sometimes Joseph appears as , transliterated as O-s-i-p. Similar to all languages and scripts, Cyrillic spellings are not consistent. The “a” ending indicates a male name. JAKOB. There is no “Jay” sound in the German language. -
Sacred Concerto No. 6 1 Dmitri Bortniansky Lively Div
Sacred Concerto No. 6 1 Dmitri Bortniansky Lively div. Sla va vo vysh nikh bo gu, sla va vo vysh nikh bo gu, sla va vo Sla va vo vysh nikh bo gu, sla va vo vysh nikh bo gu, 8 Sla va vo vysh nikh bo gu, sla va, Sla va vo vysh nikh bo gu, sla va, 6 vysh nikh bo gu, sla va vovysh nikh bo gu, sla va vovysh nikh sla va vo vysh nikh bo gu, sla va vovysh nikh bo gu, sla va vovysh nikh 8 sla va vovysh nikh bo gu, sla va vovysh nikh bo gu sla va vovysh nikh bo gu, sla va vovysh nikh bo gu 11 bo gu, i na zem li mir, vo vysh nikh bo gu, bo gu, i na zem li mir, sla va vo vysh nikh, vo vysh nikh bo gu, i na zem 8 i na zem li mir, i na zem li mir, sla va vo vysh nikh, vo vysh nikh bo gu, i na zem i na zem li mir, i na zem li mir 2 16 inazem li mir, sla va vo vysh nikh, vo vysh nikh bo gu, inazem li mir, i na zem li li, i na zem li mir, sla va vo vysh nikh bo gu, i na zem li 8 li, inazem li mir, sla va vo vysh nikh, vo vysh nikh bo gu, i na zem li, ina zem li mir, vo vysh nikh bo gu, i na zem li 21 mir, vo vysh nikh bo gu, vo vysh nikh bo gu, i na zem li mir, i na zem li mir, vo vysh nikh bo gu, vo vysh nikh bo gu, i na zem li mir, i na zem li 8 mir, i na zem li mir, i na zem li mir, i na zem li, i na zem li mir,mir, i na zem li mir, i na zem li mir, inazem li, i na zem li 26 mir, vo vysh nikh bo gu, i na zem li mir. -
Speaking Russian
05_149744 ch01.qxp 7/26/07 6:07 PM Page 5 Chapter 1 I Say It How? Speaking Russian In This Chapter ᮣ Understanding the Russian alphabet ᮣ Pronouncing words properly ᮣ Discovering popular expressions elcome to Russian! Whether you want to read Wa Russian menu, enjoy Russian music, or just chat it up with your Russian friends, this is the begin- ning of your journey. In this chapter, you get all the letters of the Russian alphabet, discover the basic rules of Russian pronunciation, and say some popular Russian expressions and idioms. Looking at the Russian Alphabet If you’re like most English speakers, you probably think that the Russian alphabet is the most challenging aspect of picking up the language. But not to worry. The Russian alphabet isn’t as hard as you think. COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL From A to Ya: Making sense of Cyrillic The Russian alphabet is based on the Cyrillic alpha- bet, which was named after the ninth-century Byzantine monk, Cyril. But throughout this book, we convert all the letters into familiar Latin symbols, which are the same symbols we use in the English 05_149744 ch01.qxp 7/26/07 6:07 PM Page 6 6 Russian Phrases For Dummies alphabet. This process of converting from Cyrillic to Latin letters is known as transliteration. We list the Cyrillic alphabet here in case you’re adventurous and brave enough to prefer reading real Russian instead of being fed with the ready-to-digest Latin version of it. And even if you don’t want to read the real Russian, check out Table 1-1 to find out what the whole fuss is about regarding the notorious “Russian alphabet.” Notice that, in most cases, a transliterated letter corresponds to the way it’s actually pronounced. -
У^C/ ^Xaxxlty^Yy Yyy- Y/A М /A XX
1 5 2 Va X A y // /^ //X A ^ M a i Y'YY/ ’^y y y -ì - A Y & y n / X X - y7 AAl/XX /AlAX AA /X y ^z^s -i o y ^ y y H ^ - z ^ A c ^ J Ì^Ystn^XUY Y LY X ’YYi yl^-CY7 A/ y A A Y ^ t V Y f AC-, C x ix x r~/Y- CYtS Vy* X{ l à / ¿ Y l ^ l Y A". A X r u / , A / C A ut Y A l' T O tl / V l X ^ ì y y Z A ^/Aa ^ A y y A c y ^ yl A A t d l f H ^ c ò / a AtA r t / ^ ¿ ù a / z Cy/ X X-CAX? yCA %-O > yCCfl/Cj t L ^ H ' Ì ^ ì y AC A & A / c i Cy y ^ ehf yZy y y Y- ACC y i C C A A ^ tiY 'l'VZY-YcZo 'SA y y - Z-eY^Y A iaA a ^ C c' A^ . 7 ' Y ^ C / / ¿ H y/yi-C-td A#A y -AA Yy y y A 'iCA uX ZY lls X^^y y y y y y y A y '* 1 Xt i 'l-tA Y V Y l' '/A A in - r iY -t^Y d X y v A y y > y Y Y Y y CitYYyACAty C/ y y y 'lA 'V ¿A,A a 4 aC y y A i Y Y y 'Y> '-/AYYA •■*yv/ ’a a a i a U ^ t & l i - AA-Y>t/ACy-7A ^ < / A - '" 'X X X 'X t X d'PY'. -
Karenni (Kayah)
1 fg,uh jkGgbkJgzkdujfgkJg lrkGg;kHgpJh jkGgbkJgomkuhodfgrdflkJ sf jkGgjfgrygjfgrdfh fgdJlKg fg,uh lrkGgeGglkdfcGhnHpJh [t jkGgjfgrygeJgjkfhjuhskyvdJhvfh;kJ bdf rK ktjkfhjkJgrdfsky ;ygjkGg[dJiGpJh dJhsxtg jtgefg rK lkFbfgsky ;Hh [t skGgjfgvHgaHh [t ;Hh lkFbfgsky rK jtgefg dJhsxtg ;ygjkGg[dJiGpJh ktjkfhjkJgrdfsky rK bdf bdf rK ktjkfhjkJgrdfsky ;ygjkGg[dJiGpJh dJhsxtg jtgefg rK lkFbfgsky ;Hh [t skGgjfgvHgaHh [t ;Hh lkFbfgsky rK jtgefg dJhsxtg ;ygjkGg[dJiGpJh ktjkfhjkJgrdfsky rK bdf ;yg,kHha;df,kHha;uh skylkJ lrkGgeGglkdfcGhnH jfgkJg fgpJh fgpJh jfgkJg lrkGgeGglkdfcGhnH skylkJ ;yg,kHha;df,kHha;uh ;yg,kHha;df,kHha;uh skylkJ lrkGgeGglkdfcGhnH jfgkJg fgpJh fgpJh jfgkJg lrkGgeGglkdfcGhnH skylkJ ;yg,kHha;df,kHha;uh jkGgjfgrygjfgrdfhskylkJ fgdJlKgpJh jfgkJg jfgkJg fgdJlKgpJh jkGgjfgrygjfgrdfhskylkJ - jkGgjfgrygjfgrdfhskylkJ fgdJlKgpJh jfgkJg jfgkJg fgdJlKgpJh jkGgjfgrygjfgrdfhskylkJ - 1 jkGgrfhbf[dfh [t ug;tjfgkJg 16 ;kJlkHiGpJh Godfglku jkGgrygjkGgadfh lkmuhjtgztg fgpJh - odJhakJ vmyzKndfg;kGh fgdJlKg jkGgltjfgryg JgzkJgwyg (FEMA) – www.ready.gov fgbJgrygafgakJ zGzkJgsyg fgl;KbkHg[Hg – www.redcross.org jkGgldJjkGgadfh fg[Hgfg,kfhpJh jkGgbkJgzkdu vfh;kJ – www.disasterdistress.samhsa.gov/ ayg[fh afgdfh [t skGg iGpJhjkfhjkJgrdf fga;Gh jtglrkGglrkGgsxtg fg aygcyjtg bdfodJg eGgcGhsky kK sf jkGgldJjkGgadfh rK fg ;ug jkGgbkJgzkdu kJbfg. vdfiG[uh Gzxt nuh [t jkGgldJjkGgadfh fg[Hgfg,kfhpJh jkGgbkJgzkdu vfh;kJ rK nuh bfjuh bfg 1-800-846-8517 sxtgkK rK cHg[dfh jkGgrygjkGgadfh. amyh jkGgbkJgzkdu sf ;kJjfgaGgsky fgpJhsxtglkfhsy/ ;kJlkugoJglkJ 'ku pJh jkGgbkJgzkdu sxtgbfg lkGg jfgrygjfgrdfh ugskJg[Fg lkfh lrG/ fgdJlKg kJbfg ey jkGgiGygcJhjfgrKiG [t fgbkJgldJbkJgcGhzdkf afgdfhjkGgugcduglrdfh. iGomkuhlrkGg bkfjugbfg jkfhbkFjkfhjkGg 2 sxtga;K akFrkJ nFgomuhodfgvdJkK fgvGh jkGgbkJgfgskJ nHsxtgjfgkJg lrGkK/ ayg[fh fgdJlKg jtgztg aygomkuhodfgkK kJbfg. idfnH bkyg. jkGgndJnJg HhjkfhbkHjkfhjkGg. bkfjugbfg 9-1-1 jkGgjfgrKiGeGgcGhsdfgzK sf jkGgvHgjkGgakdJ (kJatgrJ nH. Fg iGzkdfrdflkfhjug. iGskJlkfhjug. Jugbfg fgdJlKg imygoJg ugakxtzkdflkfhjug) fg aygbkJgnHsxtgbfg. -
Allen Wright's Chahta Leksikon, Ben Watkins's Choctaw Definer, and Sev Eral Works by T
PREFACE This is a dictionary of Chickasaw, a language of the Muskogean family of American Indian languages now spoken primarily in the Chickasaw Nation of south-central Oklahoma. The Chickasaws are one of the Five Tribes of Oklahoma (traditionally known as the Five Civilized Tribes), having been moved to Indian Territory there by the federal government in the 1830s. Our dictionary consists of several introductory sections, which explain the struc ture and use of the dictionary; a Chickasaw-English section, with main entries for Chickasaw words, including definitions, grammatical information, ety mologies, cross-references, and examples; and an English-Chickasaw index. While this book primarily reflects the speech of Catherine Willmond, who grew up near McMillan, Oklahoma (a community in western Marshall County), every effort has been made to present additional varieties of spoken Chickasaw. Other speakers whose usage has been extensively recorded (and who have helped us in many other ways as well) include Frankie Alberson, Adeline Brown, Vera Virgie Brown, Willie Byars, Onita Carnes, the late Mina Christie, the late Cora Lee Collins, Lizzie Frazier, Lorene Greenwood, Emily Howard, Mary James, Luther John, the late Tecumseh John, the late Jeff Johnson, the late Martha Johnson, the late Maybell Lacher, Caroline Milligan, the late Tennie Pettigrew, Eloise Pickens, the late Clarence Porter, Leola Porter, Flora Reed, Lee Fannie Roberts, Mary Ella Russell, Minnie Shields, the late Hattie Stout, Thomas Underwood, and Adam Walker. These speakers represent areas of the Chickasaw Nation from Kingston in the south to Byng or Happyland (near Ada) in the north, and from Davis or Ardmore in the west to Fillmore and Wapanucka in the east; their ages at the time of our work ranged from the late thirties to the late nineties. -
Language Specific Peculiarities Document for Halh Mongolian As Spoken in MONGOLIA
Language Specific Peculiarities Document for Halh Mongolian as Spoken in MONGOLIA Halh Mongolian, also known as Khalkha (or Xalxa) Mongolian, is a Mongolic language spoken in Mongolia. It has approximately 3 million speakers. 1. Special handling of dialects There are several Mongolic languages or dialects which are mutually intelligible. These include Chakhar and Ordos Mongol, both spoken in the Inner Mongolia region of China. Their status as separate languages is a matter of dispute (Rybatzki 2003). Halh Mongolian is the only Mongolian dialect spoken by the ethnic Mongolian majority in Mongolia. Mongolian speakers from outside Mongolia were not included in this data collection; only Halh Mongolian was collected. 2. Deviation from native-speaker principle No deviation, only native speakers of Halh Mongolian in Mongolia were collected. 3. Special handling of spelling None. 4. Description of character set used for orthographic transcription Mongolian has historically been written in a large variety of scripts. A Latin alphabet was introduced in 1941, but is no longer current (Grenoble, 2003). Today, the classic Mongolian script is still used in Inner Mongolia, but the official standard spelling of Halh Mongolian uses Mongolian Cyrillic. This is also the script used for all educational purposes in Mongolia, and therefore the script which was used for this project. It consists of the standard Cyrillic range (Ux0410-Ux044F, Ux0401, and Ux0451) plus two extra characters, Ux04E8/Ux04E9 and Ux04AE/Ux04AF (see also the table in Section 5.1). 5. Description of Romanization scheme The table in Section 5.1 shows Appen's Mongolian Romanization scheme, which is fully reversible. -
1 Phün Tsok Ge Lek Che Wai Trün Pey Ku Thar
SONGS OF SPIRITUAL EXPERIENCE - Condensed Points of the Stages of the Path - lam rim nyams mgur - by Je Tsongkapa 1 PHÜN TSOK GE LEK CHE WAI TRÜN PEY KU THAR YE DRO WAI RE WA KONG WEY SUNG MA LÜ SHE JA JI ZHIN ZIK PEY THUK SHA KYEY TSO WO DE LA GO CHAK TSEL Your body is created from a billion perfect factors of goodness; Your speech satisfies the yearnings of countless sentient beings; Your mind perceives all objects of knowledge exactly as they are – I bow my head to you O chief of the Shakya clan. 2 DA ME TÖN PA DE YI SE KYI CHOK GYAL WAI DZE PA KÜN GYI KUR NAM NE DRANG ME ZHING DU TRÜL WAI NAM RÖL PA MI PAM JAM PAI YANG LA CHAK TSEL LO You’re the most excellent sons of such peerless teacher; You carry the burden of the enlightened activities of all conquerors, And in countless realms you engage in ecstatic display of emanations – I pay homage to you O Maitreya and Manjushri. 3 SHIN TU PAK PAR KAR WA GYAL WAI YUM JI ZHIN GONG PA DREL DZE DZAM LING GYEN LU DRUB THOK ME CHE NI SA SUM NA YONG SU TRAK PEY ZHAB LA DAG CHAK TSEL So difficult to fathom is the mother of all conquerors, You who unravel its contents as it is are the jewels of the world; You’re hailed with great fame in all three spheres of the world – I pay homage to you O Nagarjuna and Asanga. -
19700016069.Pdf
in the De3pWms& of Mechntcal Bngineerin8 CoU@geof Engineering . U&wr&%y of acma cw*ara COlWibi%> C!. @238 This report i.s based on the thesf s suldtted by Mr o CI E. arby . in pmtiRX. fulfillment of the requirments for the Degree of Doctor of PhiLosopby In the CaUege of En@userfng, University of South Carolinap Columbia, II. The work was supported by Picatimy Arsenal through the Arnry Research Office - Durham, Gxant No. 11A-ARO-F)-p.-22k7~3120. The au2;hors axe grateful for the mapport. N. P. stih Project, Dfrector Page XI- DJ!l%ODUCTZOm ....... .'............; Nc AR~~JS~ORY.................. V*. MSEIRlNE39TAL APPAM3mTS NXD PROCEDURE .em..... A. Description of the lkstment ...... 2l 3. Modificac%ionsfor Righ h-easuzle . Mesmments .............. 24 C. Sample &¶tion and 'E3qperhental l?rocedkure ............. 25 A. Vaporization 09 Nitra&cel,?Lrs@ fim Propell-t. .............. 34 B. He& of Remt&om Vespnzs Presswe ....= 36 C* Httrqlycesbe Freazix~$P~B% Meeam150Bnfs ............... AjePEDDXX A - SWC'1;E: VALCULI1TIORY . c e - . a 1. C&datio~of Acii5va$;ion an& Frequency Factor Energy from D8C Data . 2- Order of Reaction tqr Man&-J. Procedure . 3. Order of Reac%ianby Computer Program . 4. Computer Progre far DSC Simulation . MPIEKDIX 13 - E'OBTFIAN 5alATEMQE!S AND SUl3RQWINES * * 1 104 An bwperimentel study of the heat of reaction' versus pressure for the f1meles.s combustion of M-2 double-base propellant at low pre same has been perTomeil. Experimental evtdence is preaentcd which hdAceb2;es tha% the main heat-producing reactions ape gas phase reactfans which occw very near the surfme, and heterogeneous reactions occurring at external sur- faces or bslw the gas-sol6 interface at surf aces of voids &/or crhcks. -
RUSSIAN CYRILLIC ALPHABET Sunday, 08 April 2012 20:15
RUSSIAN CYRILLIC ALPHABET Sunday, 08 April 2012 20:15 {joomplu:1215 left} The CYRILLIC ALPHABET is the official alphabet of the Russian Federation. When coming to Russia, one might be very intimidated by the strange letters and words that are written everywhere. There is no need to worry anymore. We would like to educate everyone on the Cyrillic alphabet, and how to read it, understand it, and love it. So that by the end of this article you will be able to read and understand the tricky Russian alphabet hands down. =) The Cyrillic alphabet was first developed in the 10th century AD in the area known as Bulgaria today. The alphabet has gone through a lot of changes over its history, and looks somewhat similar in some aspects today, as it did so many years ago. Cyrillic is the official alphabet of several Slavic countries such as: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Serbia. But it is also used in several other post-Soviet countries. The alphabet is derived from the ancient Greek script. The usage of Cyrillic nowadays is that it serves as one of the three official alphabets in the European Union. In the Russian alphabet, there are 33 letters and 43 sounds (6 vowels and 37 consonants) as opposed to the 26 letters of the English alphabet (Latin alphabet) with the total of 52 sounds. Both alphabets contain similar letters such as A, E, K, M, O, and T, which are pronounced not exactly the same but quite similarly: The Russian T, K, and M are the equivalents of the respective sounds in English. -
My First Hundred Words in Russian
My first hundred words in Russian Russian word Transliteration Translation Russian word Transliteration Translation Да Da Yes Один Odeen One Нет Nyet No Два Dva Two Мальчик Malcheek Boy Три Tree Three Девушка Devooshka Girl Четыре Cheterie Four Учителъница Oocheatelnetsa Teacher Пять Pyat Five Директор Derector Principal Шесть Shyest Six Щкола Shkola School Семь Syem Seven Площадка Ploshchadka Playground Восемь Vosyem Eight Переменя Peremenya Recess Девять Devyat Nine Второй Vtoroy Lunch Десять Desyat Ten Завтрак zavtrak Семья Semya Family Карандаш Karandash Pencil Брат Brat Brother Бумага Boomaga Paper Сестра Sestra Sister Книга Kneega Book Отец Otyets Father Назначать Naznachat Assign Мать Mat Mother Дамошняя Damoshnaya Homework Дяда Dyadya Uncle работа rabota Письменный Peesmany Desk Тётя Tyotya Aunt stol Бабушка Babooshka Grandmother стол Двоюрдный Dvyourdnee Cousin (male) Школник Shkolneek Student (m) Cousin (female) Student (f) Двоюрдная Dvyourdnaya Школница Skolneetsa Grandfather Lesson Дедушка dedooshka Урок Oorok Писать Peesat pen Чёрный Chyornee Black Понеделник Ponydelneek Monday Зелёный Zelyonee Green Вторник Vtoreek Tuesday Белый Byelee White Среда Sreda Wednesday Красный Krasnee Red Четвёрг Chetvyork Thursday Pyatneetsa Голубой Goluboy Light blue Пятница Friday Koreechneevie Subota Saturday Коричневый Brown Суббота Voskresenya Жёлтый Zhyoltee Yellow Воскресенье Vesnoy Sunday Серые Serie Grey Весной Letom Spring Баряный Baryanee Purple Летом Osyen Summer Апельсий Apyelsee Orange Осень Zima Fall Зима Winter Russian Word Tranliteration -
Khethekanyo Ya a : Nganea R
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GIREIDI YA 12 TSHIVEN¶A LUAMBO LWA U ENGEDZA LWA U THOMA (FAL) BAMMBIRI ·A VHUVHILI (P2) LARA 2018 MARAGA: 70 TSHIFHINGA: Awara 2 Bammbiri i¼i ¼i na masia¾ari a 20. Vhu½e ha khanμiso ho vhaledzwa Iyani kha sia¾ari ¼i tevhelaho Tshivenμa Luambo lwa u Engedza lwa u Thoma (FAL)/P2 2 DBE/Lara 2018 NSC PFESESANI 1. Vhalani sia¾ari he¼i nga vhuronwane ni sa athu u fhindula mbudziso. 2. Ni SONGO lingedza u vhala bammbiri ¼o¾he. ¹olani Thebu¼u ya Zwi re Ngomu kha sia¾ari ¼i tevhelaho ni swaye nomboro dzo μisendekaho kha bugu dze na guda ¿waha uno. Vhalani mbudziso idzo ni koneha u nanga dzine na tama u fhindula. 3. Bammbiri he¼i ¼o vhumbwa nga KHETHEKANYO N¸A: KHETHEKANYO YA A: Nganea (35) KHETHEKANYO YA B: ¶irama (35) KHETHEKANYO YA C: Nganeapfufhi (35) KHETHEKANYO YA D: Vhurendi (35) 4. Fhindulani MBUDZISO MBILI dzo fhelela u bva kha khethekanyo MBILI DZIºWE na DZIºWE. KHETHEKANYO YA A: NGANEA Fhindulani mbudziso MBILI kha nganea ye na guda. KHETHEKANYO YA B: ¶IRAMA Fhindulani mbudziso DZO¹HE kha μirama ye na guda. KHETHEKANYO YA C: NGANEAPFUFHI Fhindulani mbudziso DZO¹HE kha nganeapfufhi dze na ½ewa. KHETHEKANYO YA D: VHURENDI Fhindulani mbudziso DZO¹HE kha zwirendo zwe na ½ewa. 5. Thomani KHETHEKANYO IºWE na IºWE kha sia¾ari ·ISWA. 6. Shumisani mutevhe wa u sedzulusa uri u ni thuse. 7. Tevhedzani ndaela dzo ¿walwaho mathomoni a KHETHEKANYO IºWE na IºWE nga vhuronwane. 8. Nomborani phindulo dza½u kokotolo sa zwe mbudziso dza nomboriswa zwone kha bammbiri ¼a mbudziso.