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Beach Finds, Dunes and Plant Life

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Beach Finds, Dunes and Plant Life A Wild, Wild Life on the Mid-Texas Coast: Beach Finds, Dunes and Plant Life Presentation by Peggy Romfh, M.S. October 2017 Photos by Pete and Peggy Romfh unless otherwise noted Pete and Peggy Romfh are members of Texas Master Naturalist, Cradle of Texas Chapter Intro to Brazoria County ©2017, P&P Romfh 2 What We Will Cover • Coastal Dunes and Beaches • Trash • Beach Finds • Sargassum • Vegetation – from beaches to salt marsh ©2017, P&P Romfh 3 From Salt Marsh to Beach Vegetation occurs within this area. B F BAY saltmarsh over-wash dune beach open (mud-flat) water ©2017, P&P Romfh 4 Coastal Dunes ©2017, P&P Romfh 5 Tides and Storm Surge Sources: https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/ and Coastal Dunes, 5th Ed., Texas General Land Office ©2017, P&P Romfh 6 Beach Contour Defined by Storms, Debris, Human Tracks and Low, Ragged Dunes Bryan Beach Beach and Dune Contour - 02/19/12 Coordinates: N 28° 52.830’, W 95° 22.540’ 25 Source: Contour Survey, P&P Romfh 20 150 ft 15 50 ft 10 Wrack Line Human tracks Frontal Back Dune Dune Zone Zone 5 HighTide Vertical Height of Sand - Ft - Sand of Height Vertical 0 Low Tide -50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 -5 Horizontal Distance from Tide Line to Dune - Ft Max height dunes was 8 ft. Depth of beach from high-tide line approx. 150 ft. ©2017, P&P Romfh 7 Coastal Dunes and Beaches Source: Coastal Dunes, 5th Ed., Texas General Land Office Washout from Storm Surge ©2017, P&P Romfh 8 Salt Marsh and Salt Flats Sargent Unit, San Bernard NWR looking towards Gulf of Mexico ©2017, P&P Romfh 9 Coastal Beaches Swash Zone Wet Beach Wrack Line ©2017, P&P Romfh 10 Beach Finds: Trash ©2017, P&P Romfh 11 Beach Finds: Trash ©2017, P&P Romfh 12 Beach Finds: Invertebrates ©2017, P&P Romfh 13 Beach Finds: Vertebrates ©2017, P&P Romfh 14 Beach Finds: Vertebrates You must register marine mammal bones with the National Marine Fisheries Service. Only detached, hard parts, skulls, and bones from a non-endangered species may be collected. ©2017, P&P Romfh 15 Beach Finds: Seeds and Fruits Antidote Vine Golfball Hamburger Bean Manchineel Nickarbean (Sea Pearl) Sea Heart Sea Purse ©2017, P&P Romfh 16 Beach Finds: Seeds and Fruits Tropical Almond Black Walnut Pecan Water Hickory Cohune Palm Coconut Palm ©2017, P&P Romfh 17 Seaweed I’M COMING SOON TO A BEACH NEAR YOU! ©2017, P&P Romfh 18 Kingdom Chromista Sargassum Family Sargassaceae – Marine Algae June 2014 Broadleaf Gulfweed (Sargassum fluitans) ©2017, P&P Romfh 19 Kingdom Chromista Sargassum Family Sargassaceae – Marine Algae June 2017 Broadleaf Gulfweed (Sargassum fluitans) aka Brown Algae; seaweed Question: What is the impact to dunes and invertebrate life if seaweed levels are too low? ©2017, P&P Romfh 20 Kingdom Chromista Sargassum Family Sargassaceae – Marine Algae Broadleaf Gulfweed (Sargassum fluitans) ©2017, P&P Romfh 21 You Have to Be Tough to Survive on the Beach and Dunes Salt Sand Sun Wind Water ©2017, P&P Romfh 22 Beach Sand Dunes Family Aizoaceae (Carpetweed) Shoreline Sea Purslane (Sesuvium portulacastrum) Succulent leaves; pink/purple Prostrate mats to 2 m diameter; calyx lobes; 30 stamens main stem viny, not rooted ©2017, P&P Romfh 23 Beach Sand Dunes Family Brassiaceae (Mustard) Gulf Sea Rocket (Cakile geniculata) Succulent (fleshy leaf blades) Leaf margins entire, crenate Rocket-shaped fruit ©2017, P&P Romfh 24 Beach Sand Dunes Family Amaranthaceae (Amaranth) Gregg’s Amaranth (Amaranthus greggii) Inflorescence in terminal spikes Low-growing shrub, 1-3 ft. Leaves deeply veined ©2017, P&P Romfh 25 Sand Dunes Family Euphorbiaceae (Spurge) Gulf Croton (aka Beach Tea) (Croton punctatus) Small shrub Grayish green leaves, fuzzy Flowers in small clusters, light green Minute hairs on stems and leaves ©2017, P&P Romfh 26 Sand Dunes Family Amaranthaceae (Amaranth) Wooly Tidestromia (Tidestromia lanuginosa) Low-growing shrub, mat-forming Flowers no petals Leaves grayish green with hairs (5 sepals/5 stamens) ©2017, P&P Romfh 27 Beach Family Asteraceae (Aster) Sand Dunes Salt Flats Camphor Daisy (Rayjacksonia phyllocephala) Camphor odor Alternate leaves, serrated margins, thick, narrow ©2017, P&P Romfh 28 Sand Dunes Family Asteraceae (Aster) Edge Salt Marsh Sea Oxeye Daisy (Borrichia frutescens) Flower centers harden, Opposite leaves, smooth becoming spiny burrs margins, thick, narrow ©2017, P&P Romfh 29 Sand Dunes Family Convolvulaceae (Morning Glory) Fiddleleaf (Beach) Morning Glory (Ipomoea imperati) ©2017, P&P Romfh 30 Sand Dunes Family Convolvulaceae (Morning Glory) Railroad Vine (Ipomoea pes-caprae) Goat-foot Morning Glory, Bayhops ©2017, P&P Romfh 31 Sand Dunes Salt Marsh Family Boraginaceae (Borage) Seaside Heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum) Thick, fleshy, oval leaves Inflorescence – curled, coiling, double rows, 2-4 inches long ©2017, P&P Romfh 32 Beach Sand Dunes Family Cyperaceae (Sedges) Marsh Fimbry (Fimbristylis castanea) ©2017, P&P Romfh 33 Sand Dunes Family Tamaricaceae (Tamarisk) Saltcedar (Tamarix sp.) INVASIVE SPECIES IN TEXAS Question: Does Saltcedar help stabilize dunes? ©2017, P&P Romfh 34 Tidal Zones, High Saline Family Verbenaceae (Verbena) Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans) Pushes extra salt out through pores in leaves Question: Does mangrove expansion contribute to salt marsh loss? ©2017, P&P Romfh 35 Sand Dunes Sandy Soil Family Fabaceae (Pea) Coastal Pea (Indigofera miniata) Dalea Amberique Bean (Dalea emarginata) (Strophostyles helvola) ©2017, P&P Romfh 36 Sand Dunes Sandy Soils Family Lamiaceae (Mint) Spotted Beebalm Small Coastal Germander (Monarda punctata) (Teucrium cubense) ©2017, P&P Romfh 37 Sand Dunes Wet Sandy Ditches Family Cyperaceae Salt Marsh (Sedge) Trigonous Achene 3 mm Common Threesquare, (Schoenoplectus pungens) ©2017, P&P Romfh 38 Sand Dunes Wet Sandy Ditches Family Cyperaceae Salt Marsh (Sedge) Scale with bristle-like awn Anther (2-)3-fid Sturdy Bulrush (Bolboschoenus robustus) 2 mm Achene ©2017, P&P Romfh 39 GRASS ©2017, P&P Romfh 40 Beach Salt Flats Family Poeaceae (Grass) Salt Marsh Saltgrass and Saltmeadow Cordgrass Saltmeadow Cordgrass aka Marshhay Cordgrass Saltgrass (Spartina patens) (Distichlis spicata) ©2017, P&P Romfh 41 Sand Dunes Salt Marsh Family Poeaceae (Spartina) Dune Restoration Gulf Cordgrass Smooth Cordgrass (Spartina spartinae) (Spartina alterniflora) ©2017, P&P Romfh 42 Beach Dune Sand Dunes Family Poeaceae (Grass) Salt Flats Bitter Panicum Restoration (Panicum amarum) Tolerates salt spray, storm surges, inundation, high temperatures, low soil moisture and fertility, sand abrasion, and smothering by drifting sand ©2017, P&P Romfh 43 Sand Dunes Family Poeaceae (Grass) Dune Sea Oats Restoration (Uniola paniculata) ENDANGERED SPECIES IN MANY STATES ©2017, P&P Romfh 44 Sand Dunes Dune Restoration Project ©2017, P&P Romfh 45 Salt Flats Shore Grass and Lavender Thrift Shoregrass (Monanthochloe littoralis) Family Poaceae (Grass) Lavender Thrift (Sea Lavender) (Limonium carolinianum) Family Plumbaginaceae (Leadwort) ©2017, P&P Romfh 46 ©2017, P&P Romfh 47 Salt Flats Family Chenopodiaceae (Goosefoot) Salt Marsh Salicornia (Pickleweed) Virginia Glasswort Dwarf Saltwort (Salicornia depressa) (Salicornia bigelovii) ©2017, P&P Romfh 48 Salt Flats Family Bataceae (Saltwort) Salt Marsh Family Chenopodiaceae (Goosefoot) Annual Seepweed Turtleweed (Seaside Saltwort) (Suaeda lineais) (Batis maritima) ©2017, P&P Romfh 49 Salt Marsh Family Solanaceae (Nightshade) Carolina Wolfberry (Lycium carolinianum) ©2017, P&P Romfh 50 Exhibits Enjoy the plant and animal diversity found on the Texas Coast, but leave only footprints behind! ©2017, P&P Romfh 51 .
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