Draguesku Protists 0214

Kingdom Protista

Protists

NAME: ______

1

Draguesku Protists 0214

DIVERSITY OF PROTISTS

 “Junk Drawer” of the kingdoms very diverse (lots of different organisms are included in this kingdom)  range in size [unicellular to multicellular]  variety of reproductive and nutritional strategies  Can be heterotroph or Autotroph

1. Animal like Ex: Protozoans 2. Plant like 3. Fungus like

2

Draguesku Protists 0214

ANIMAL LIKE PROTISTS

(AKA: PROTOZOANS)

Resemble animals  Unicellular

HOW DO WE SEPARATE THEM INTO PHYLA???? It is based on how the organism MOVES

 4 Phyla (plural for phylum)

Based on movement

3

Draguesku Protists 0214

1. PSEUDOPODS

PHYLUM SARCODINA

EXAMPLE:

AMOEBAS

NUCLEUS

FOOD VACUOLE

CELL MEMBRANE

PSEUDOPOD (FALSE FOOT)

CONTRACTILE VACUOLE

Collects and expels H2O (excess) out of the Cytoplasm and out of the cell

Amoeba engulfing an organism

WWW.PHSCHOOL.COM WEB CODE: CEP 1031 To see the amoeba move.

4

Draguesku Protists 0214

2. Cilia (Phylum Ciliophora)

Gullet

Example: Paramecium pellicle

Cilia used for locomotion

Contractile vacuole expels excess H2O Macronucleus (large)

Metabolic processes

Micronucleus (small) Reproduction

5

Draguesku Protists 0214

Reproduction of Paramecium

Asexual BINARY FISSION

Sexual CONJUGATION

Paramecia join together and exchange genetic material

3. Flagella (Phylum Zoomastigina)

Can have MORE than one flagella

Example: Trichomymphia Termites have a flagellate (Trichonymphia) in their gut to digest wood

6

Draguesku Protists 0214

This is an example of:

SYMBIOSIS

Relationship in which at least one species benefits

Another kind of relationship:

Mutualism

Relationship in which BOTH partners benefit

Giardia (another example of a flagellate)

Parasite

Found in fresh water causes “hikers disease”

7

Draguesku Protists 0214

4. Sporozoans (Phylum Sporozoa)  NO MOVEMENT  Transmitted by another animal

 PARASITES

Example:

PLASMODIUM MALARIA Transmitted by mosquitoes

8

Draguesku Protists 0214

PLANT LIKE PROTISTS

AKA: ALGAE

 Habitat . .Ponds, lakes, oceans  Autotrophic

. Produce much of the O2 in the atmosphere through photosynthesis

 Provide food for the aquatic food chains. . Important food source for other aquatic organisms.  Size . Unicellular and multicellular  Color . Varies depending on pigment (chlorophyll)  Green, yellow, red, brown, orange & black

9

Draguesku Protists 0214

 Diatoms

 Most numerous unicellular algae in the oceans.

 Important source O2  Made up of Silica component of glass  Make up Diatomaceous Earth

Used for scrubbing and pool filtering agents

 Dinoflagellates  Unicellular

 Stiff plates (suit of Armour)  2 flagella  Glow in the dark (bioluminescence)

10

Draguesku Protists 0214

 **some are responsible for the RED TIDE that kills fish

Red tide bioluminescence

11

Draguesku Protists 0214

Euglena

 Euglenoids Green, Unicellular Autotrophs  Can be HETEROTROPH when no sunlight available. Eyespot is light sensitive

 Red Algae  Multicellular seaweeds  Carrageenan & Agar . Used as food In Asia; toasted Fresh or dried

 Used in food products and other products Example: Ice Cream; hair conditioner; Nori (sushi)

12

Draguesku Protists 0214 Grandma We love Green you Algae, you Grandma!! started everything!!

Great-Great- Great Grandma

 Green Algae Ancestors to first plants

Cell wall contains cellulose Has this in common with Has Chlorophyll first plants

Green Algae

13

Draguesku Protists 0214

. Green Algae:  Can live in colonies Example: Volvox

 Brown Algae  Commonly called Seaweed  Giant Kelp “forests”  Thrive in cool rocky water  Used for thickening (i.e. pudding)

14

Draguesku Protists 0214

. The body contains: . Holdfasts for attachment . Blades and air bladders that function in floatation . A stem like structure that holds the blades is called a stalk or stripe

BLADE

FROND GAS BLADDER

Also called STIPE

15

Draguesku Protists 0214

FUNGUS LIKE PROTISTS

. Heterotrophs . . Have Cell walls NO CHITIN . Use Spores to reproduce  Spores: Tiny cells that are able to grow into a new organism

. SLIME MOLDS  Live in forests and shady places on decaying organisms

16

Draguesku Protists 0214

. WATER MOLDS AND DOWNY MILDEWS  Grow as tiny threads that look like “fuzz”  Water mold destroyed Irish Potato Crop in 1845 & 1846.

Downey mildew Water mold

17