Draguesku Protists 0214 Kingdom Protista Protists NAME: _____________________ 1 Draguesku Protists 0214 DIVERSITY OF PROTISTS “Junk Drawer” of the kingdoms very diverse (lots of different organisms are included in this kingdom) range in size [unicellular to multicellular] variety of reproductive and nutritional strategies Can be heterotroph or Autotroph 1. Animal like Ex: Protozoans 2. Plant like 3. Fungus like 2 Draguesku Protists 0214 ANIMAL LIKE PROTISTS (AKA: PROTOZOANS) Resemble animals Unicellular HOW DO WE SEPARATE THEM INTO PHYLA???? It is based on how the organism MOVES 4 Phyla (plural for phylum) Based on movement 3 Draguesku Protists 0214 1. PSEUDOPODS PHYLUM SARCODINA EXAMPLE: AMOEBAS NUCLEUS FOOD VACUOLE CELL MEMBRANE PSEUDOPOD (FALSE FOOT) CONTRACTILE VACUOLE Collects and expels H2O (excess) out of the Cytoplasm and out of the cell Amoeba engulfing an organism WWW.PHSCHOOL.COM WEB CODE: CEP 1031 To see the amoeba move. 4 Draguesku Protists 0214 2. Cilia (Phylum Ciliophora) Gullet Example: Paramecium pellicle Cilia used for locomotion Contractile vacuole expels excess H2O Macronucleus (large) Metabolic processes Micronucleus (small) Reproduction 5 Draguesku Protists 0214 Reproduction of Paramecium Asexual BINARY FISSION Sexual CONJUGATION Paramecia join together and exchange genetic material 3. Flagella (Phylum Zoomastigina) Can have MORE than one flagella Example: Trichomymphia Termites have a flagellate (Trichonymphia) in their gut to digest wood 6 Draguesku Protists 0214 This is an example of: SYMBIOSIS Relationship in which at least one species benefits Another kind of relationship: Mutualism Relationship in which BOTH partners benefit Giardia (another example of a flagellate) Parasite Found in fresh water causes “hikers disease” 7 Draguesku Protists 0214 4. Sporozoans (Phylum Sporozoa) NO MOVEMENT Transmitted by another animal PARASITES Example: PLASMODIUM MALARIA Transmitted by mosquitoes 8 Draguesku Protists 0214 PLANT LIKE PROTISTS AKA: ALGAE Habitat . .Ponds, lakes, oceans Autotrophic . Produce much of the O2 in the atmosphere through photosynthesis Provide food for the aquatic food chains. Important food source for other aquatic organisms. Size . Unicellular and multicellular Color . Varies depending on pigment (chlorophyll) Green, yellow, red, brown, orange & black 9 Draguesku Protists 0214 Diatoms Most numerous unicellular algae in the oceans. Important source O2 Made up of Silica component of glass Make up Diatomaceous Earth Used for scrubbing and pool filtering agents Dinoflagellates Unicellular Stiff plates (suit of Armour) 2 flagella Glow in the dark (bioluminescence) 10 Draguesku Protists 0214 **some are responsible for the RED TIDE that kills fish Red tide bioluminescence 11 Draguesku Protists 0214 Euglena Euglenoids Green, Unicellular Autotrophs Can be HETEROTROPH when no sunlight available. Eyespot is light sensitive Red Algae Multicellular seaweeds Carrageenan & Agar . Used as food In Asia; toasted Fresh or dried Used in food products and other products Example: Ice Cream; hair conditioner; Nori (sushi) 12 Draguesku Protists 0214 Grandma We love Green you Algae, you Grandma!! started everything!! Great-Great- Great Grandma Green Algae Ancestors to first plants Cell wall contains cellulose Has this in common with Has Chlorophyll first plants Green Algae 13 Draguesku Protists 0214 . Green Algae: Can live in colonies Example: Volvox Brown Algae Commonly called Seaweed Giant Kelp “forests” Thrive in cool rocky water Used for thickening (i.e. pudding) 14 Draguesku Protists 0214 . The body contains: . Holdfasts for attachment . Blades and air bladders that function in floatation . A stem like structure that holds the blades is called a stalk or stripe BLADE FROND GAS BLADDER Also called STIPE 15 Draguesku Protists 0214 FUNGUS LIKE PROTISTS . Heterotrophs . Have Cell walls NO CHITIN . Use Spores to reproduce Spores: Tiny cells that are able to grow into a new organism . SLIME MOLDS Live in forests and shady places on decaying organisms 16 Draguesku Protists 0214 . WATER MOLDS AND DOWNY MILDEWS Grow as tiny threads that look like “fuzz” Water mold destroyed Irish Potato Crop in 1845 & 1846. Downey mildew Water mold 17 .