Vierzig Jahre Fachverband Atomphysik
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Looking at Earth: an Astronaut's Journey Induction Ceremony 2017
american academy of arts & sciences winter 2018 www.amacad.org Bulletin vol. lxxi, no. 2 Induction Ceremony 2017 Class Speakers: Jane Mayer, Ursula Burns, James P. Allison, Heather K. Gerken, and Gerald Chan Annual David M. Rubenstein Lecture Looking at Earth: An Astronaut’s Journey David M. Rubenstein and Kathryn D. Sullivan ALSO: How Are Humans Different from Other Great Apes?–Ajit Varki, Pascal Gagneux, and Fred H. Gage Advancing Higher Education in America–Monica Lozano, Robert J. Birgeneau, Bob Jacobsen, and Michael S. McPherson Redistricting and Representation–Patti B. Saris, Gary King, Jamal Greene, and Moon Duchin noteworthy Select Prizes and Andrea Bertozzi (University of James R. Downing (St. Jude Chil- Barbara Grosz (Harvard Univer- California, Los Angeles) was se- dren’s Research Hospital) was sity) is the recipient of the Life- Awards to Members lected as a 2017 Simons Investi- awarded the 2017 E. Donnall time Achievement Award of the gator by the Simons Foundation. Thomas Lecture and Prize by the Association for Computational American Society of Hematology. Linguistics. Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Clara D. Bloomfield (Ohio State 2017 University) is the recipient of the Carol Dweck (Stanford Univer- Christopher Hacon (University 2017 Robert A. Kyle Award for sity) was awarded the inaugural of Utah) was awarded the Break- Joachim Frank (Columbia Univer- Outstanding Clinician-Scientist, Yidan Prize. through Prize in Mathematics. sity) presented by the Mayo Clinic Di- vision of Hematology. Felton Earls (Harvard Univer- Naomi Halas (Rice University) sity) is the recipient of the 2018 was awarded the 2018 Julius Ed- Nobel Prize in Economic Emmanuel J. -
Pnas11141toc 3..7
October 14, 2014 u vol. 111 u no. 41 u 14637–14960 Cover image: Pictured is a duck during feeding. Ducks and other tactile foraging birds rely on their sense of touch, rather than sight, to feed in murky water. Eve R. Schneider et al. found that the trigeminal ganglia in duck bills contain a high number of neurons hypersensitive to mechanical stimuli. Multiplication of mechanosensitive neurons, however, may reduce the number of thermosensitive neurons. This tradeoff may confer an advantage on tactile foraging birds, which can tolerate cold water temperatures without diminishing feeding efficiency. See the article by Schneider et al. on pages 14941–14946. Image courtesy of Eve R. Schneider (Bagriantsev Lab). From the Cover 14941 Duckbill mechanosensitivity 14675 Mobility of packaged viral DNA 14740 Strong male bonds among Guinea baboons 14822 Losing independence in microbial mutualism 14864 Density-based sickle cell detection E4288 Reply to Azuaje: Predicting effective combined Contents therapies for heterogeneous tumors Boyang Zhao, Michael T. Hemann, and Douglas A. Lauffenburger THIS WEEK IN PNAS INNER WORKINGS—An over-the-shoulder look at scientists at work 14637 In This Issue 14639 Inner Workings: Coding on the big screen Robert Frederick LETTERS (ONLINE ONLY) QNAS E4284 Delphi: Somewhere between Scylla and Charybdis? Fergus Bolger and Gene Rowe 14640 QnAs with Alan Guth E4285 Are Marine Group II Euryarchaeota significant Paul Gabrielsen contributors to tetraether lipids in the ocean? Stefan Schouten, Laura Villanueva, Ellen C. Hopmans, Marcel T. J. van der Meer, and Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté RETROSPECTIVE E4286 Reply to Schouten et al.: Marine Group II planktonic Euryarchaeota are significant contributors to tetraether lipids in the ocean 14641 Jake MacMillan: A pioneering chemist in Sara A. -
Xiaowei Zhuang Harvard University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Xiaowei Zhuang Is the David B
Xiaowei Zhuang Harvard University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Xiaowei Zhuang is the David B. Arnold Professor of Science at Harvard University and an investigator of Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Her laboratory has developed single-molecule, super-resolution and genomic- scale imaging methods, including STORM and MERFISH, and has used these methods to discover novel molecular structures in cells and cell organizations in tissues. Zhuang received her BS in physics from the University of Science and Technology of China, her PhD in physics in the lab of Prof. Y. R. Shen at University of California, Berkeley, and her postdoctoral training in biophysics in the lab of Prof. Steven Chu at Stanford University. She joined the faculty of Harvard University in 2001 and became a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator in 2005. Zhuang is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the European Molecular Biology Organization, a fellow of the American Association of the Advancement of Science and the American Physical Society. She received honorary doctorate degrees from the Stockholm University in Sweden and the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. She has received a number of awards, including the Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, National Academy of Sciences Award in Scientific Discovery, Dr. H.P. Heineken Prize for Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Academy of Sciences Award in Molecular Biology, Raymond and Beverly Sackler International Prize in Biophysics, Max Delbruck Prize in Biological Physics, American Chemical Society Pure Chemistry Award, MacArthur Fellowship, etc. -
Kazutoshi Mori and Peter Walter Receive the 2014 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award
Kazutoshi Mori and Peter Walter receive the 2014 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award Corinne L. Williams J Clin Invest. 2014;124(10):4138-4142. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI78419. News Cells are continuously faced with life-and-death decisions based on their ability to handle stressful situations. One indicator of stress is the accumulation of unfolded proteins within the ER, which induces a transcriptional cascade aimed at increasing the folding capacity of the ER. If the burden is too great and homeostasis cannot be restored, the response shifts from damage control to the induction of apoptotic pathways. This unfolded protein response (UPR) is conserved among all eukaryotes, and dysfunction in this pathway underlies many human diseases, including diabetes and cancer. The 2014 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research award honors Kazutoshi Mori of Kyoto University and Peter Walter of the UCSF (Figure 1) for their contributions toward unraveling the pathways involved in mediating the complex cellular response to ER stress. A simple question In the 1970s, the identification of a set of proteins that were induced in response to viral transformation set the stage for understanding heat shock-independent cellular stress responses. These particular proteins were constitutively present in cells and notably increased in response to glucose deprivation (1) or agents that block post-translational glycosylation, such as tunicamycin. Based on this apparent glucose-dependent regulation, they became known as glucose-regulated proteins (GRPs). One -
Masthead (PDF)
Proceedings of the National Academy ofPNAS Sciences of the United States of America www.pnas.org PRESIDENT OF Cellular and Geology Peter K. Vogt THE ACADEMY Developmental Biology W. G. Ernst Thomas E. Wellems Ralph J. Cicerone Eric H. Davidson James P. Kennett John B. Gurdon Physics EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Eric N. Olson Human Environmental Anthony Leggett Randy Schekman Michael Rosbash Sciences Paul C. Martin David D. Sabatini Susan Hanson Jose´ N. Onuchic ASSOCIATE EDITORS Gertrud M. Schu¨pbach Immunology Physiology and William C. Clark Robert Tjian Alan Fersht Peter Cresswell Pharmacology Douglas T. Fearon Susan G. Amara Jack Halpern Cellular and Molecular Jeremy A. Sabloff Tak Wah Mak David Julius Neuroscience William E. Paul Ramon Latorre Solomon H. Snyder Pietro V. De Camilli Susan R. Wessler Ralph M. Steinman Richard L. Huganir Plant Biology L. L. Iversen Mathematics Anthony R. Cashmore Jeremy Nathans Richard V. Kadison Maarten J. Chrispeels EDITORIAL BOARD Charles F. Stevens Robion C. Kirby Enrico Coen Thomas C. Su¨dhof Jeffery L. Dangl Animal, Nutritional, and Joseph S. Takahashi Medical Genetics, Joseph R. Ecker Applied Microbial Sciences Hans Thoenen Hematology, and Robert Haselkorn David L. Denlinger Charles S. Zuker Oncology R. Michael Roberts Joseph L. Goldstein Plant, Soil, and Linda J. Saif Chemistry Mark T. Groudine Microbial Sciences Ryuzo Yanagimachi Stephen J. Benkovic Tony Hunter Roger N. Beachy Philip W. Majerus Brian J. Staskawicz Anthropology Harry B. Gray David C. Page M. S. Swaminathan Dolores R. Piperno Raphael D. Levine Stanley B. Prusiner Jerrold Meinwald Alan Walker Craig B. Thompson Psychology Mark A. Ratner Inder M. -
2019 EPS PPD Report
Report from the EPS Plasma Physics Division Board, Summer 2019 Board meetings The Board met twice in 2018, on 1st July in Prague (CZ) and on 13th December at Culham (UK). Operation of the Division Richard Dendy (Culham Centre for Fusion Energy and Warwick University, UK) continues as Chair 2016-2020 of the Division, and Kristel Crombé (ERM/KMS and Ghent University, Belgium) continues as Secretary. The Board members leading the arrangements for the competitions for the 2018 EPS-PPD Prizes were: Alfvén, John Kirk (Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Germany); Innovation, Holger Kersten (Kiel University, Germany) and Eva Kovačević (Orléans University, France); PhD Research Award, Carlos Silva (Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal). Further information is available at http://plasma.ciemat.es/eps/board/. Prague EPS Plasma Physics Conference 2018 (https://eps2018.eli-beams.eu/en/) The successful 45th annual EPS Plasma Physics Conference took place at the Žofín Palace in Prague from 2nd to 6th July 2018, hosted by a consortium of Czech plasma research organisations. The Local Organising Committee was ably chaired by Stefan Weber (ELI-Beamlines), who is also an EPS-PPD Board member. The Programme Committee was ably chaired by Stefano Coda (CH) and comprised: •MCF: M. Mantsinen (ES – sub-chair), T. Eich (DE), G. Ericsson (SE), L. Frassinetti (SE), G. Huijsmans (ITER), R. König (DE), J. Mailloux (UK), P. Piovesan (IT), R. Zagorski (PL) •BPIF: C. Michaut (FR – sub-chair), O. Klimo (CZ), M. Nakatsutsumi (XFEL), A. Ravasio (FR), S. Kar (UK), R. Scott (UK) •BSAP: G. Lapenta (BE – sub-chair), M.E. Dieckmann (SE), E. -
Molecular and Cellular Biology Volume 8 May 1988 Number 5
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY VOLUME 8 MAY 1988 NUMBER 5 Aaron J. Shatkin, Editor in Chief(1990) Randy W. Schekman, Editor Joan A. Steitz, Editor (1990) Center for Advanced (1992) Yale University Biotechnology and Medicine University of California New Haven, Conn. Piscataway, N.J. Berkeley Robert Tjian, Editor (1991) David J. L. Luck, Editor (1992) Louis Siminovitch, Editor (1990) University of California Rockefeller University Mount Sinai Hospital Berkeley New York, N.Y. Toronto, Canada Harold E. Varmus, Editor (1989) Steven L. McKnight, Editor (1992) University of California Carnegie Institution of Washington San Francisco Baltimore, Md. EDITORIAL BOARD Frederick W. Alt (1990) Michael Green (1988) Douglas Lowy (1990) Matthew P. Scott (1989) Susan Berget (1990) Jack F. Greenblatt (1988) Paul T. Magee (1988) Fred Sherman (1988) Arnold J. Berk (1988) Leonard P. Guarente (1988) James Manley (1989) Arthur Skoultchi (1988) Alan Bernstein (1990) Christine Guthrie (1989) Janet E. Mertz (1990) Barbara Sollner-Webb (1989) Barbara K. Birshtein (1990) James E. Haber (1990) Robert L. Metzenberg (1988) Frank Solomon (1988) J. Michael Bishop (1990) Hidesaburo Hanafusa (1989) Robert K. Mortimer (1988) Karen Sprague (1989) Michael R. Botchan (1990) Leland D. Hartwell (1990) Bernardo Nadal-Ginard (1990) Pamela Stanley (1988) David Botstein (1990) Ari Helenius (1990) Paul Neiman (1989) Nat Sternberg (1989) Bruce P. Brandhorst (1990) Ira Herskowitz (1990) Joseph R. Nevins (1990) Bruce Stiliman (1988) James R. Broach (1988) James B. Hicks (1989) Carol Newlon (1988) Kevin Struhl (1989) Joan Brugge (1988) Alan Hinnebusch (1988) Mary Ann Osley (1990) Bill Sugden (1988) Mario R. Capecchi (1990) Michael J. Holland (1990) Brad Ozanne (1989) Lawrence H. -
The Titans of the Cosmos
FALL 2018 Titans of the Cosmos Exploring the Mysteries of Neutron Star Mergers & Supermassive Black Holes 10 | Educating the next generation of innovators in science and industry 16 | Berkeley leads the way in data science education Research Highlights, Department News & More CONTENTS CHAIR’SLETTER RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS2 Recent breakthroughs in faculty-led investigations PHOTO: BEN AILES PHOTO: TITANS OF THE COSMOS Fall classes are underway, our introductory courses ON THE COVER: Exploring the Mysteries of are packed, and we have good news on several fronts. Berkeley astrophysicist Daniel Kasen's research group uses Neutron Star Mergers and On July 1 we welcomed our newest faculty member, supercomputers at the National Supermassive Black Holes condensed matter theorist Mike Zalatel. In August the Energy Research Scientific Com- puting Center at LBNL to model 2018 Academic Rankings of World Universities were cosmic explosions. See page 4. announced, with Berkeley Physics second, between MIT CHAIR and Stanford – fine company. In September we learned Wick Haxton 4 that Professor Barbara Jacak will be awarded the 2019 MANAGING EDITOR & Tom Bonner Prize of the American Physical Society for DIRECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT her leadership of the PHENIX detector at Brookhaven’s Rachel Schafer Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and new graduate stu- CONTRIBUTING EDITOR & dent Nick Sherman will receive the LeRoy Apker Award SCIENCE WRITER for outstanding undergraduate research in theoretical Devi Mathieu PHYSICS INNOVATORS condensed matter and mathematical physics. Most re- DESIGN 10INITIATIVE cently, Assistant Professor Norman Yao has been named Sarah Wittmer Educating the Next a Packard Fellow, one of the most prestigious awards CONTRIBUTORS Generation of Innovators available in STEM disciplines. -
Peter Walter “Since All of Our New Knowledge Is Built on Exist- Awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1999
ASCB Profile Peter Walter “Since all of our new knowledge is built on exist- awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1999. ing knowledge, we need to have full access to the Blobel’s signal hypothesis postulated a protein- scientific literature to do our jobs as scientists,” conducting channel that is made up of protein says Peter Walter. “The knowledge base of man- subunits that attached polypeptide “addresses” to kind is a global resource that belongs to the citi- target proteins to the ER. “This was a large bone zens of the world. It shouldn’t be locked up in the of contention for the next 20 years,” says Blobel, archives of some private publishers who are basi- who served as President of the ASCB in 1990. cally driven by the need to make greater profits.” “But when Peter came, we had the hypothesis. Walter’s passionate views on access to the scien- We had a cell-free system. The question was how tific literature have made him, along with UCSF we get the components of the system.” colleague Keith Yamamoto, a national advocate. Walter had unique skills at the bench and as Their efforts led in 2003 to the organization of a an experimental thinker, says Blobel. “He was boycott of six prestigious scientific journals pub- among the best graduate students I’ve ever had lished by Elsevier. in my lab. He is a very good thinker, supremely Walter's advocacy has made him a momentary well organized logistically, but also willing to take media darling. “At times, I felt like one of those risks. -
Fusion Energy Source of the Future
Fusion Energy Source of the Future EUROfusion Research Progamme in Austria 2014 - 2020 Impressum Editors Monika Fischer [email protected] Lätitia Unger [email protected] Friedrich Aumayr [email protected] Contributions from Friedrich Aumayr, Markus Biberacher, Lukas Einkemmer, Michael Eisterer, Codrina Ionita-Schrittwieser, Alexander Kendl, Winfried Kernbichler, Helmut Leeb, Reinhard Pippan, Michael Probst, Paul Scheier, Klaus Schöpf, Roman Schrittwieser, David Tskhakaya Acknowledgements Austrian Academy of Sciences: Bernhard Plunger, Anton Zeilinger and Presiding Committee Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research: Stefan Hanslik, Daniel Weselka Kommission für die Koordination der Kernfusionsforschung in Österreich (KKKÖ): Peter Steinhauser (chair), Friedrich Aumayr, Michael Eisterer, Alexander Kendl, Helmut Leeb, Winfried Kernbichler, Harald Weber, Daniel Weselka Financial Support Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences EUROfusion Co-Fund Action (H2020 Grant No. 633053) Disclaimer EUROfusion receives funding from Euratom’s research and training programme 2014-2018 and 2019-2020 under Grant Agreement No. 633053 and finances fusion research activities in accordance with the Roadmap to the realisation of fusion energy. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. Cover image: ITER Tokamak and Plant Systems (Credit: www.ITER.org) Fusion Energy Source of the Future EUROfusion Research Programme in Austria, 2014-2020 Editors: Monika Fischer, Lätitia Unger Friedrich Aumayr Supported by: Copyright © 2020 by Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Printed in Austria Table of Contents Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 4 1. Management Structure and Core Competencies 7 1.1. EUROfusion Consortium 7 1.2. Austrian Beneficiary ÖAW and its Linked Third Parties 7 2. -
Spring 2011 Prizes and Awards
Spring 2011 Prizes and Awards APS Announces Spring 2011 Prize and Award Recipients Forty-three prizes and awards will be presented during special sessions at three spring meetings of the Society: the 2011 March Meeting, March 21-25, in Dallas, TX, the 2011 April Meeting, April 30-May 3, in Anaheim, CA, and the 2011 Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics Meeting, June 13-14, in Atlanta, GA. Citations and biographical information for each recipient follow. The Apker Award recipients appeared in the December 2010 issue of APS News (http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/ awards/apker.cfm). Additional biographical information and appropriate web links can be found at the APS website (http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/index.cfm). Nominations for most of next year’s prizes and awards are now being accepted. For details, see page 8 of this insert. Will Allis Prize for the joined the University of Illinois at Hughes Medical Institute. Her Physik Department of the Technical University at Study of Ionized Gases Chicago, and Argonne National lab develops advanced optical Munchen. Herbert Spohn is most widely known Laboratory in 1987. Research imaging techniques, in particular through his work on interacting stochastic particle Frank Isakson Prize for contributions include the observa- single-molecule and super-reso- systems. He strived for a deeper understanding of Optical Effects in Solids tion of conformal invariance at the lution imaging methods, to study how macroscopic laws emerge from the underly- Ising critical point, the Luttinger problems of biomedical interest. ing motion of atoms. Andrei Sakharov Prize scaling of the Fermi volume in Zhuang received her B.S. -
Lasker Interactive Research Nom'18.Indd
THE 2018 LASKER MEDICAL RESEARCH AWARDS Nomination Packet albert and mary lasker foundation November 1, 2017 Greetings: On behalf of the Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation, I invite you to submit a nomination for the 2018 Lasker Medical Research Awards. Since 1945, the Lasker Awards have recognized the contributions of scientists, physicians, and public citizens who have made major advances in the understanding, diagnosis, treatment, cure, and prevention of disease. The Medical Research Awards will be offered in three categories in 2018: Basic Research, Clinical Research, and Special Achievement. The Lasker Foundation seeks nominations of outstanding scientists; nominations of women and minorities are encouraged. Nominations that have been made in previous years are not automatically reconsidered. Please see the Nomination Requirements section of this booklet for instructions on updating and resubmitting a nomination. The Foundation accepts electronic submissions. For information on submitting an electronic nomination, please visit www.laskerfoundation.org. Lasker Awards often presage future recognition of the Nobel committee, and they have become known popularly as “America’s Nobels.” Eighty-seven Lasker laureates have received the Nobel Prize, including 40 in the last three decades. Additional information on the Awards Program and on Lasker laureates can be found on our website, www.laskerfoundation.org. A distinguished panel of jurors will select the scientists to be honored with Lasker Medical Research Awards. The 2018 Awards will