2019 Annual Report CONTENTS Special Insert: Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic 3 Letter from the President 5 2019–2020 Governing Council 7 Organizational Chart 8 The IOM/NAM 50th Anniversary Celebration 9 Program Highlights 10 Responding to Critical & Pressing Issues Confronting the U.S. Opioid Epidemic, 11 Promoting Clinician Well-Being & Resilience, 13 Human Germline Genome Editing, 15 Climate Change & Human Health, 16 Advising the Nation & the World on Health & Health Care Advancing Health Equity, 17 Artificial Intelligence in Health Care, 19 Understanding Heterogeneous Treatment Effects, 20 Vital Directions in Health & Health Care, 21 The Future of Nursing, 22 Leading & Inspiring for the Future Healthy Longevity Global Grand Challenge, 23 Committee on Emerging Science, Technology, & Innovation, 25 Member Highlights 26 Inaugural Election of NAM Officers, 27 Members Inducted in 2019 (Class of 2018), 28 Members Elected in 2019 (Class of 2019), 30 2019 Nobel Laureates, 33 2019 Annual Meeting, 34 In Memoriam, 36 Fellowships & Leadership Programs 37 Awards 42 Finances 47 Donor Appreciation 48 Contact Us 65 2 SPECIAL INSERT Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic As this document entered its final stages of production, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) began to spread around the world—quickly becoming the most destructive pandemic in a century. The National Academy of Medicine quickly initiated a short-term reorientation of its existing programs to respond to the diverse and far-reaching health impacts of the pandemic, including in the areas of equity, workforce, aging, vulnerable populations, health system strengthening, and scientific and technological innovation. An “impact map” that guides the NAM’s role and priorities with regard to the COVID-19 response appears below. Advise the nation Coordinate across the Serve as a reliable National Academies source of information Broker progress Advance global among external priorities organizations Engage and leverage Support NAM staff and the expertise of ensure an effective work NAM members environment Reorient NAM programs and content to inform and advance COVID-19 response 3 3 Highlights of the NAM and the broader National Academies’ response to date appear below. For a complete list of COVID-19 resources and activities, visit NAM.edu/coronavirus. Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats At the request of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, the National Academies convened an expert standing committee to advise on science and policy issues related to COVID-19. The committee has delivered rapid expert consultations on topics including transmission, testing, treatment, and more. COVID-19 Conversations: A Scientific Webinar Series from the NAM and the American Public Health Association This weekly series explores the state of the science on the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States and globally, with a focus on the emerging evidence on how to best mitigate its impact. Topics include the science of social distancing, treatment, crisis standards of care, testing, and more. Learn more at COVID19Conversations.org. Resources to Support the Health and Well-Being of Clinicians During the COVID-19 Outbreak Even before the COVID-19 outbreak, many clinicians faced burnout, as well as stress, anxiety, depression, substance abuse, and even suicidality. The current crisis presents even greater workplace hardships and moral dilemmas likely to exacerbate existing challenges. The NAM Action Collaborative on Clinician Well-Being and Resilience has compiled resources and strategies to support clinicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Learn more at NAM.edu/CW. 4 4 LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT We have commenced an important year of reflection and celebration to mark the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Institute of Medicine (IOM).* In the two- part theme we have adopted for our commemorative activities—Celebrating a legacy of impact. Forging a healthier future—the latter half is most important. This is no time to rest on our laurels. We must turn our focus to the critical challenges of the future. That is why our anniversary activities include a medicine, policy, and health equity domestically and symposia series to examine priorities for the next globally; 2) diversify and activate the membership 50s year in health and medicine, as well as the of the Academy and engage emerging leaders and kickofff o a major capital campaign to support new scholars to enhance our leadership capacity and efforts in healthy longevity, global health equity, artificial intelligence and big data, and fostering the next generation of leaders. For more on our plans, see page 9. The year ahead will also mark 5 years since the IOM’s reconstitution as the National Academy of Medicine (NAM), a historic shift that yielded greater autonomy and expanded leadership within the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Astf par o this transformation, NAM members voted in their first-ever elections for governing officers, including Home address new contexts and challenges; and 3) build Secretary, Foreign Secretary, and President. In leadership capacity across diverse disciplines to January 2020, it was a tremendous honor to be shape the future of health and medicine. elected for my second term as NAM President, The f first o these strategic goals sustains our after having been appointed as IOM President in foundational role as a trusted, evidence-based 2014. I am humbled and grateful for a continued advisor to decision makers in the United States opportunity to serve this uniquely impactful and abroad. Our long-term advisory programs— organization. including the Leadership Consortium for a Value & In, 2019 we also continued progress toward Science-Driven Learning Health System; the Culture our 5-year Strategic Plan (available at NAM. of Health Program; the Action Collaborative on edu/2018StrategicPlan). The plan sets out three Clinician Well-Being & Resilience; and the Action overarching goals for the Academy: 1) actively Collaborative on Countering the U.S. Opioid identify and address critical issues with balanced Epidemic—all gather multidisciplinary stakeholders and authoritative scientific evidence; and lead and to advance solutions to some of the most important inspire action on bold ideas to impact science, challenges for U.S. health and health care. *As of May 2020, the NAM’s planned anniversary activities have been shifted to 2021 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, we launched two new initiatives to Leaders Forum in July. Planned by appointed ELHM address emerging challenges. In May, followng news Scholars, the Forum gathered approximately 70 that a Chinese scientist had edited the genomes exceptional early-career professionals and 30 NAM of twin baby girls against the recommendations members for an inspiring two days of networking, of the international scientific community, we mentoring, and interdisciplinary collaboration. established the International Commission on Continuing the develop the ELHM Program as well Clinical Use of Heritable Human Genome Editing as other NAM fellowships and leadership programs alongside the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) will be a significant focus of our upcoming capital and the United Kingdom’s Royal Society. Building campaign. on resources from the NAM-NAS Human Genome Finally, our third strategic goal looks beyond our Editing Initiative, the Commission will issue a fast- Academy to focus on preparing our field for a future track report delineating the state of the science with in which rapid advances in science and technology regard to clinical applications of human germline require increasing discplinary convergence and genome editing. Due for publication in summer vigilance with regard to their social and ethical 2020, the report will inform the recommendations implications. In January 2020, we hosted the first of the World Health Organization’s Expert Advisory meeting of the Committee on Emerging Science, Committee on Developing Global Standards for Technology, and Innovation (CESTI). The program Governance and Oversight of Human Genome will bring together experts in diverse fields to assess Editing (chaired by outgoing NAM Foreign the landscape of emerging scientific advances and Secretary Peggy Hamburg). technologies in health and medicine and address Another issue of urgent global concern is the the potential societal, ethical, legal, and workforce rapid aging of the world’s populations. In just 30 implications of such technologies, with the goal years, 1 in 6 people will be over the age of 65. of developing a multisectoral governance policy Innovation across sectors is crucial to promote framework. the health, well-being, and productivity of older In addition to these programs and special adults—as well as to ensure the sustainability of our activities related to the IOM/NAM 50th Anniversary, health systems, the vibrancy of our communities, exciting announcements are in store for the year and the stability of our economies. To that end, ahead, including the publication of the Future of in October 2019, the NAM launched the Healthy Nursing 2030 consenus report; the kickoff of the Longevity Global Grand Challenge. The Grand Healthy Brains Financing Initiative, a historic effort Challenge has two components—a first-of-its-kind to improve global mental health; and the launch of global competition to accelerate multidisciplinary