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Drinking Water Treatment Systems
Drinking Water Facts….. Drinking Water Treatment Systems By: Barbara Daniels and Nancy Mesner Revised December 2010 If your home water comes from a public water supply, it has been tested and meets EPA standards for drinking water. If you use a private well, however, you are responsible for assuring that the water is safe to drink. This means that you should periodically have your water tested, make sure your well is in proper condition without faulty well caps or seals, and identify and remove potential sources of con- tamination to your well such as leaking septic systems or surface contamination. With a private well, you are also responsible for any treatment your water may need if it contains harm- ful pollutants or contaminants that affect the taste, odor, corrosiveness or hardness of the water. This fact sheet discusses different types of water treatment systems available to homeowners. Addressing the source of the problem is often less costly in the long run than installing and maintaining a water system. For more information on identifying pollutant sources, problems with your well, or help in testing your well water, see the references at the end of this fact sheet. There are many types of water treatment systems available. No one type of treatment can address every water quality problem, so make sure you purchase the type of equipment that can effectively treat your particular water quality issue. The table below can help direct you to the right solution for your prob- lem. Drinking Water Facts….. What type of water treatment is needed? The table below lists common water contamination problems. -
19. Water Treatment Plants. the Introduction (Chapter 1) for These
Chapter 4 – Specifications Designs 19. Water Treatment Plants 19. Water Treatment Plants. The Introduction (Chapter 1) for these design data collection guidelines contains additional information concerning: preparing a design data collection request, design data collection requirements, and coordinating the design data collection and submittal. The following is a list of possible data required for specifications design of water treatment facilities. The size and complexity of the process system and structures should govern the amount and detail of the design data required. A. General Map Showing: (1) A key map locating the general map area within the State. (2) The plant site and other applicable construction areas. (3) Existing towns, highways, roads, railroads, public utilities (electric power, telephone lines, pipelines, etc.), streams, stream-gauging stations, canals, drainage channels. (4) Existing or potential areas or features having a bearing on the design, construction, operation, or management of the project feature such as: recreation areas; fish and wildlife areas; building areas; and areas of archeological, historical, and mining or paleontological interest. The locations of these features should bear the parenthetical reference to the agency most concerned: for example Reclamation. (5) County lines, township lines, range lines, and section lines. (6) Locations of construction access roads, permanent roads, and sites for required construction facilities. (7) Sources of natural construction materials and disposal areas for waste material, including the extent of mitigation required. (a) Location of disposal areas for debris, sediment, sludge, and spent chemicals from cleaning or storage solutions. (8) Water sources to be treated such as surface water or underground water. (9) Location of potential waste areas (i.e., channels). -
Assessing Federal Grade Criteria for Fruits and Vegetables: Should Nutrient Attributes Be Incorporated? Carl Zulauf and Thomas L
Session on Commodity Grade Criteria Assessing Federal Grade Criteria for Fruits and Vegetables: Should Nutrient Attributes Be Incorporated? Carl Zulauf and Thomas L. Sporlederl The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) grading system for fruits and vegetables. has a long-established system for fruit and From this description, we generate some vegetable grades (USDA, Agriculture generic components of the current federal Marketing Service(AMS) 1990). A primary grade standards and discuss the potential purpose of federal commodity grades is to for adding nutrient attributes and the facilitate the wholesale exchange by relationship between sensory and nutrient allowing sale by description rather than by attributes. We conclude by evaluating the inspection (Office of Technology feasibility of a nutrient-based grading Assessment 1977). Consequently, buyers standard for fruits and vegetables. and sellers can consummate transactions without the time and expense necessary to The Economic Function and physically congregate in one location to Consequences of Grades inspect the commodity being sold. The Fruits and vegetables, like most farm result is lower transaction costs, which in commodities, exhibit a wide array of quality turn can mean lower prices for consumers attributes. An important function of the and/or higher prices for producers. grading system is the "grouping of Current grade standards for fruits continuous quality gradations of a and vegetables use attributes based on commodity into a few grades or classes" sensory characteristics,2 shelf-life (Rhodes 1988). If the resulting considerations, palatability, or a differentiation of the commodity combination of these factors. During recent communicates relevant information about years "health consciousness" has increased quality attributes important to market among consumers. -
Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) and Barbados 2010-2015
OFFICE OF EVALUATION Country programme evaluation series Evaluation of FAO’s contribution to Members of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) and Barbados 2010-2015 March 2016 COUNTRY PROGRAMME EVALUATION SERIES Evaluation of FAO’s contribution to Members of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) and Barbados, 2010-2015 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE OF EVALUATION March 2016 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Office of Evaluation (OED) This report is available in electronic format at: http://www.fao.org/evaluation The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or devåelopment status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. © FAO 2016 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. -
Household Water Treatment Filters Product Guide Table of Contents
Household Water Treatment Filters Product Guide Table of contents 1. Introduction ...............................................................1 2. Key parameters ............................................................2 3. Filter categories ............................................................4 4. Validation methods .........................................................22 5. Local procurement .........................................................24 First edition, April 2020 Disclaimer: The use of this product guide is strictly for the internal purposes of the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and in no way warrants, represents or implies that it is a complete and thorough evaluation of any of the products mentioned. This guide does not constitute, and should not be considered as, a certification of any of the products. The models and products included in this guide are for information purposes only, the lists are not exhaustive, and they do not represent a catalogue of preferred products. This guide is not to be used for commercial purposes or in any manner that suggests, or could be perceived as, an endorsement, preference for, or promotion of, the supplier’s products by UNICEF or the United Nations. UNICEF bears no responsibility whatsoever for any claims, damages or consequences arising from, or in connection with, the product guide or use of any of the products by any third party. Cover photo: © UNICEF/UNI127727/Vishwanathan 1 Introduction The provision of safe drinking water for all, in an average family size of five persons per sufficient quantities, is a key priority for UNICEF household. Solar disinfection is discussed in this and other water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) guide, as the other main non-chemical method actors, be it at the onset of an emergency or in of water treatment (along with boiling). -
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Food Engineering Research and in Industry
Journal of Agricultural Engineering and Food Technology Print ISSN: 2350-0085; Online ISSN: 2350-0263; Volume 2, Number 2; April-June, 2015 pp. 112-115 © Krishi Sanskriti Publications http://www.krishisanskriti.org/jaeft.html Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Food Engineering Research and in Industry Sujata Saini Department of Computer Science and Application, Govt. College for Women, Rohtak E-mail: [email protected] Abstract—This paper explores the various applications of artificial Advanced monitoring and control systems are developed to intelligence in food engineering research and in industry. Usually, facilitate the automation and flexible food manufacturing. Food engineering encompasses a wide range of activities. Food Furthermore, energy saving and minimization of engineers are employed in various fields like food processing, food environmental problems continue to be important food machinery, packaging, ingredient manufacturing, instrumentation, engineering issues, significant progress is being made in waste and control. Firms that design and build food consulting firms, processing plants, government agencies, pharmaceutical companies, management, efficient utilization of energy and reduction of and health-care firms also employ food engineers. Specific food effluents and emissions in food production. engineering activities include the discipline in which the engineering, biological, and physical sciences are used to study the nature of 2. APPLICATIONS OF AI IN FOOD ENGINEERING foods, the causes of deterioration and the principles underlying food AND INDUSTRY processing. Food engineering research deals with the production processes that make food. Nowadays the food chain is long and 2.1 Agriculture complicated, where foods and food technologies are diverse. However, in these days acceptance of food products are often Agriculture is the process of feeding products, producing food, depends on potential benefits and risks associated with the food. -
Deep Learning and Machine Vision for Food Processing: a Survey Lili Zhua, Petros Spachosa,∗, Erica Pensinia and Konstantinos N
Deep Learning and Machine Vision for Food Processing: A Survey Lili Zhua, Petros Spachosa,∗, Erica Pensinia and Konstantinos N. Plataniotisb a School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada b Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada Abstract The quality and safety of food is an important issue to the whole society, since it is at the basis of human health, social development and stability. Ensuring food quality and safety is a complex process, and all stages of food processing must be considered, from cultivating, harvesting and storage to preparation and consumption. However, these processes are often labour-intensive. Nowadays, the development of machine vision can greatly assist researchers and industries in improving the efficiency of food processing. As a result, machine vision has been widely used in all aspects of food processing. At the same time, image processing is an important component of machine vision. Image processing can take advantage of machine learning and deep learning models to effectively identify the type and quality of food. Subsequently, follow-up design in the machine vision system can address tasks such as food grading, detecting locations of defective spots or foreign objects, and removing impurities. In this paper, we provide an overview on the traditional machine learning and deep learning methods, as well as the machine vision techniques that can be applied to the field of food processing. We present the current approaches and challenges, and the future trends. Keywords: Food Processing; Machine Vision; Image Processing; Machine Learning; Deep Learning 1. -
A Practical Guide to Implementing Integrated Water Resources Management and the Role for Green Infrastructure”, J
A Practical Guide to Implementing Integrated Water Resources Management & the Role of Green Infrastructure Prepared for: Prepared for: Funded by: Prepared by: May 2016 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Environmental Consulting & Technology, Inc. (ECT), wishes to extend our sincere appreciation to the individuals whose work and contributions made this project possible. First of all, thanks are due to the Great Lakes Protection Fund for funding this project. At Great Lakes Commission, thanks are due to John Jackson for project oversight and valuable guidance, and to Victoria Pebbles for administrative guidance. At ECT, thanks are due to Sanjiv Sinha, Ph.D., for numerous suggestions that helped improve this report. Many other experts also contributed their time, efforts, and talent toward the preparation of this report. The project team acknowledges the contributions of each of the following, and thanks them for their efforts: Bill Christiansen, Alliance for Water Efficiency James Etienne, Grand River Conservation Christine Zimmer, Credit Valley Conservation Authority Authority Cassie Corrigan, Credit Valley Conservation Melissa Soline, Great Lakes & St. Lawrence Authority Cities Initiative Wayne Galliher, City of Guelph Clifford Maynes, Green Communities Canada Steve Gombos, Region of Waterloo Connie Sims – Office of Oakland County Water Julia Parzens, Urban Sustainability Directors Resources Commissioner Network Dendra Best, Wastewater Education For purposes of citation of this report, please use the following: “A Practical Guide to Implementing -
CSR Guidelines for Rural Drinking Water Projects
Guide line For CSR Guideline for Rural Drinking Water Projects “Business has a responsibility to give back to CSR Guidelines community” For Rural Drinking Water Projects Government of India Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation 1 | P a g e Guide line For CSR Guideline for Rural Drinking Water Projects Table of Contents Page S.No Topic Number 1. Background 3 2. Why CSR for Drinking Water 3 3. Snapshot of CSR Guide Line 4 4. Objectives with regard to Water 5 5. Methodology 5 6. Type of Activities 5 7. Identification of Gram Panchayat for implementation of Water 6 projects 8. Role of Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation 6 9. Monitoring mechanism 6 10. Tri-partite agreement (TPA) 7 11. Operation and Maintenance 7 12. Conclusion 7 2 | P a g e Guide line For CSR Guideline for Rural Drinking Water Projects 1. Background Due to Poor quality of water and presence of chemical/ bacteriological contamination, many water borne diseases are spread, which causes untold misery, and in several cases even death, thereby adversely affecting the socio-economic progress of the country . From an estimate by WaterAid, it has come out that these diseases negatively effect health and education in children, and further what is worse, 180 million man days approximately are lost in the working population to India every year. Water-related diseases put an economic burden on both the household and the nation’s economy. At household levels, the economic loss includes cost of medical treatment and wage loss during sickness. Loss of working days affects national productivity. -
Read More in the Xylem 2019 Sustainability Report
Water for a Healthy World 1 | Xylem 2019 Sustainability Report Table of Contents 1. Message from Patrick Decker, President & CEO .... 3 2. Message from Claudia Toussaint, SVP, General Counsel & Chief Sustainability Officer . 6 3. How We Think About Sustainability ............... 9 4. How We Make Progress ........................ 24 5. Serving Our Customers ........................ 33 6. Building a Sustainable Company ................ 47 7. Empowering Communities ..................... 80 8. GRI Content Index ............................. 88 ABOUT THIS REPORT We are pleased to present Xylem’s ninth annual Sustainability Report, which describes our efforts in 2019 to solve global water challenges and support a healthy world. The How We Think About Sustainability section of this report explains the connection between current and emerging issues of water scarcity, water systems resilience to climate change and other water challenges and water affordability, and Xylem’s pivotal role in addressing these issues. We close out our goals set in 2014 and share our initial progress report against our 2025 goals, which we introduced in 2019, including Signature Goals designed to tackle some of the world’s most pressing water issues. We have also produced a set of General Disclosures that contain relevant data and information to meet requirements of the GRI Standards: Core Option. This report is available at https://www.xylem.com/en-us/sustainability/ in a downloadable PDF format. 2 | Xylem 2019 Sustainability Report CHAPTER 1 Message from Patrick Decker, President & CEO Water is key to public health and to sustainability. At Xylem, we define sustainability broadly, as responsible practices that strengthen the environment, global economy and society, creating a safer and more equitable world. -
Complete Food & Nutrition Guide
THE ACADEMY OF Print NUTRITION AND DIETETICS COMPLETELY UPDATED & CompleteSAMPLE REVISED for Food & Resale “The gold standard, go-to guide for reliable, practical Nutrition nutritional information.” —ELLIE KRIEGER, ms, rd, GuideNot or bestselling author Roberta L. Duy , MS, RDN, FAND, CFCS PRAISE FOR THE ACAD EMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS Complete Food and Nutrition Guide “Nutrition is a confusing and ever-changing science. “Duyff really covers nutrition and healthy eating from all This book is a terrific guide, as Roberta Duyff boils angles . without overusing the ‘d’ word [ don’t].” down some of the most complicated issues into clear, — Tufts University Health & Nutrition Letter concise, and easy-to-digest nuggets. From weight loss “Brings healthy eating and the family table together.” to healthy eating to physical activity, this book gives — Art Smith, chef, author, Back to the Table: Reunion of Food readers a bottom line that’s solid, practical, realistic, and Family and evidence-based. It’s a trustworthy reference—and it has definitely secured a permanent spot on my “Tackles most of the nutritional issues that concern bookshelf.” Americans today . up- to- date and helpful.” — Seattle Times —Joy Bauer, MS, RDN, health and nutritition expert for NBC’s TODAY show, best-selling author of From Junk Food to Joy Food, founder of Nourish Snacks “In short, it’s a winner!” — Washington Post “Jam- packed with practical eating and food safety tips.” “Excellent and thorough . includes solid, science- based — USA Today content on many nutrition topics, up- to- date eating guid- “Of the five books closest to my keyboard, this guide is one ance and ways to evaluate current nutrition research.” of the most frequently used. -
School Idea in Prisons for Adults Albert C
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Volume 5 | Issue 1 Article 7 1914 School Idea in Prisons for Adults Albert C. Hill Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminology Commons, and the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation Albert C. Hill, School Idea in Prisons for Adults, 5 J. Am. Inst. Crim. L. & Criminology 52 (May 1914 to March 1915) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology by an authorized editor of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. THE SCHOOL IDEA IN PRISONS FOR ADULTS. ALBERT C. HILL.' The attitude of the public towards its criminals has never been very kindly, just or intelligent. Hatred, revenge, cruelty, indifference, Pharisaism, exploitation have characterized the conduct of society to- wards those, who, for one reason or another, have been branded as crim- inals. Badness has often been tolerated and even condoned, so long as it did not end in conviction by a court, but the convict and the ex- convict have always suffered from the neglect and inhumanity of man. A change in public sentiment, however, is now in progress. Society -is becoming more and more sensitive to the sad cry of neglected chil- dren and to the despairing appeals of helpless and hopeless adults. The sentiment of human brotherhood is growing stronger and the call for help meets with more ready response than formerly.