DOCSLIB.ORG

Chiang Kai-Shek 蒋介石

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chiang Kai-Shek 蒋介石 Forthcoming 2013 Berkshire Volumes Dictionary 1–3 of Chinese Biography 宝库山 中华传记字典 Editor in Chief: Kerry Brown, University of Sydney Brochure Contents 目录 June 2012 Volumes 1-3: List of Entries . .v Publisher’s Note . .viii About the Editor . .ix Introduction . x Sample Articles Volume 1: Xia/Shang Dynasty–Sui Dynasty (2100 bce–618 ce) Volume 2: Tang Dynasty–Yuan Dynasty (618 ce–1368) Batu Khan 拔都汗 . 1 Franck BILLÉ, University of Cambridge Volume 3: Ming Dynasty–Peoples Republic of China (1368–1979) Matteo Ricci 利玛窦 . .11 Frances WOOD, British Library Chiang Kai-Shek 蒋介石 . 18 Jonathan FENBY, British journalist and author UncorrectedDIAN Qu, Oxford University galley pages Chieh-Ju LIAO, University of Cambridge Characters & Glossary . .30 Geographical Locations . 32 Uncorrected galley pages Berkshire Dictionary of Chinese Biography 宝库山 中华传记字典 Volumes 1–3 Uncorrected galley pages Kerry Brown Editor in Chief Berkshire Publishing grouP great barrington, Massachusetts Editor in Chief Kerry Brown, University of Sydney Editorial Advisory Board Christopher Cullen, Needham Research Institute, Cambridge University Julia Lovell, University of London Peng Guoxiang, Peking University Chloe Starr, Yale University Jan Stuart, The British Museum John Wills, Jr., University of Southern California Frances Wood, British Library Associate Editors Patrick Boehler, University of Hong Kong Winnie Tsui, The Chinese University of Hong Kong UncorrectedBerkshire Publishing galley Group pages Marjolijn Kaiser, [email protected] Karen Christensen, [email protected] Volumes 1-3: List of Entries 第一-三卷：条目表 VoLuMe 1: Xia/Shang dynaSty–Sui dynaSty Xia and Shang 夏商 (2100–1045 bce) han 汉 (206 bce–220 ce) Fu Hao 妇好 Ban Gu 班固 Yu the Great 大禹 Ban Zhao 班昭 Cao Cao 曹操 周 Zhou (1045–256 bce) Dong Zhongshu 董仲舒 Li Guang 李廣 Confucius 孔子 Liu Xiang 刘向 1-3: List of Entries • • Volumes Laozi 老子 Sima Qian 司马迁 QU Yuan 屈原 Sima Xiangru 司马相如 Zhou, Duke of 周公 Wang Chong 王充 Wang Mang 王莽 Warring StateS period 战国 (770–221 bce) Wang Xizhi 王羲之 公孙龙 Gongsun Long Wu, Emperor (Liu Zhi) 漢武帝 韩非 Han Fei Xu Shen 許慎 孟子 Mencius Xuan, Emperor (Liu Bingji) 宣帝 墨子 Mozi Yang Xiong 揚雄 孙子 Sunzi Zhang Heng 张衡 荀子 Xunzi Zhang Jue 張角 庄子 Zhuangzi Zhao, Emperor (Liu Fuling) 昭帝 邹衍 Zou Yan Zhuge Liang 诸葛亮 Southern and northern dynaStieS 南北朝 Qin 秦 (221–206 bce) (220–589 ce) LiUncorrected Si 李斯 galley pages Tao Hongjing 陶弘景 LÜ Buwei 吕不韦 Qin Shi Huangdi 秦始皇帝 Sui 随 (581–618 ce) Yan Zhitui 顏之推 Wen, Emperor (Yang Jian) 文帝 List in progress – additions may be made • v • • Berkshire Dictionary of Chinese Biography • Volume 1 • VoLuMe 2: tang dynaSty–yuan dynaSty tang 唐 (618–907 ce) Zhu Xi 朱熹 An Lushan 安禄山 Jurchen Jin 女真金 (1125–1234) Bai Juyi 白居易 完颜阿骨打 Du Fu 杜甫 Wanyan Aguda 拔都汗 Han Gan 韩干 Batu Khan 成吉思汗 Han Yu 韩愈 Chinggis Khan Huineng 惠能 元 Li Bai 李白 yuan (1279–1368) 太宗 Taizong, Emperor (Li Shimin) Guan Yunshi 贯云石 王维 Wang Wei Guo Shoujing 郭守敬 武则天 Wu Zetian Khubilai Khan 忽必烈汗 玄宗 Xuanzong, Emperor (Li Longji) Luo Guanzhong 罗贯中 周昉 Zhou Fang Wu Chengen 吴承恩 • Zhao Mengfu 赵孟頫 Liao 辽 (907–1125 ce) Taizu, Emperor (Abaoji) 太祖 Song 宋 (960–1279 ce) 第一-三卷：条目表 • Bi Sheng 毕升 Cheng Hao 程颢 Cheng Yi 程颐 Huang Tingjian 黄庭堅 Huizong, Emperor (Zhao Ji) 徽宗 Li Qingzhao 李清照 Ouyang Xiu 欧阳修 Sima Guang 司马光 Su Shi 苏轼 Taizong,Uncorrected Emperor (Zhao Kuangyi) 太宗 galley pages Wang Anshi 王安石 Yingzong, Emperor (Zhao Shu) 英宗 Yue Fei 岳飞 List in progress – additions may be made • vi • • Volumes 1-3: List of Entries • 第一-三卷：条目表 • VoLuMe 3: Ming dynaSty–prc 1976 Ming 明 (1368–1644) Liang Qichao 梁启超 Qianlong, Emperor (Aixin-Jueluo Altan Khan Hongli) 乾隆帝 Dong Qichang 董其昌 Yongzheng, Emperor (Aixin-Jueluo Hongwu, Emperor (Zhu Yuanzhang) Yinzhen) 雍正帝 洪武帝 Yuan Mei 袁枚 Jin Shengtan 金圣叹 Zeng Guofan 曾國藩 Koxinga (Zheng Chenggong) 鄭成功 Li Shizhen 李时珍 repubLican china 中华民国 (1911/1912– 李贽 Li Zhi 1949) Lin Zexu 林则徐 陈独秀 Matteo Ricci 利玛窦 Chen Duxiu 蒋介石 Nurhaci 努尔哈赤 Chiang Kai-shek 胡适 1-3: List of Entries • • Volumes Qiu Ying 仇英 Hu Shi 康有为 Tang Xianzu 汤显祖 Kang Youwei 宋美龄 Wang Yangming 王陽明 Soong Mei-ling 孫逸仙 Wanli, Emperor (Zhu Yijun) 万历 Sun Yat-sen 汪精卫 Xu Guangqi 徐光启 Wang Jingwei 袁世凯 Xu Xiake 徐霞客 Yuan Shikai Yongle, Emperor (Zhu Di) 永乐帝 peopLe’S repubLic of china 中华人民共和国 Yuan Chonghuan 袁崇焕 part i (1949–1979) Zheng He 郑和 Chen Yun 陈云 Deng Xiaoping 邓小平 Qing 清 (1644–1911/1912) Hua Guofeng 华国锋 曹雪芹 Cao Xueqin Jiang Qing 江青 慈禧 Cixi, Empress Dowager Lin Biao 林彪 Guangxu, Emperor (Aixin-Jueluo Liu Shaoqi 刘少奇 光绪帝 Zaitian) Lu Xun 鲁迅 洪秀全 HongUncorrected Xiuquan galleyMao Zedong 毛泽东 pages 黃遵憲 Huang Zunxian Peng Dehuai 彭德怀 Kangxi, Emperor (Aixin-Jueluo Qian Zhongshu 钱锺书 康熙帝 Xuanye) Zhou Enlai 周恩来 李大钊 Li Dazhao Zhu De 朱德 Li Hongzhang 李鸿章 List in progress – additions may be made • vii • Publisher’s Note 出版人前言 journey of a thousand miles, the Chinese phi- life of its own . It continues to have its own dy- losopher Laozi (Lao-tzu) 老子 said, begins namic direction—thanks to the growing number withA a single step, and the Berkshire Dictionary of of experts who are sharing their passionate de- Chinese Biography is the first step in what will be sire to explain China to the students, citizens, a long journey: bringing the stories of China to and leaders of the twenty-first century . Berkshire a global audience . We are deeply grateful to the Publishing is already collaborating with other scholars who have guided us and shared their biographical projects and will be expanding this excitement about the stories of China . I am par- collection into a comprehensive but accessible ticularly grateful to Kerry Brown and wonder if online resource, as well as an ebook collection either of us will ever remember exactly how this available in different formats . We will be develop- project got started . Somehow, over the course ing tools for using these biographies in teaching, of a conversation when we first met in London, too—sign up for free samples and updates at the idea of a major biographical work took on a www .ChinaConnectU .com . • Karen Christensen 沈凯伦 出版人前言 Founder and CEO, Berkshire Publishing Group 宝库山, • Great Barrington, Massachusetts Uncorrected galley pages • viii • About the Editor 编辑介绍 Professor and Executive Director of the China Studies Centre, University of Sydney erry Brown is professor and executive di- and African Studies, an associate of the China rector of the China Studies Centre at the Policy Institute at Nottingham University and at UniversityK of Sydney . Before moving to Australia, the London School of Economics and Political Sci- he was head of the Asia Programme at Chatham ence IDEAS Institute, and an affiliated researcher House, an independent policy institute based in at the Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit at the About the Editor • • London, and led the Europe China Research and University of Cambridge . Advice Network (ECRAN) funded by the Euro- He is the author of Hu Jintao, China’s Silent pean Commission . Educated at the University of Leader (2012), Ballot Box China (2011) and the edited Cambridge, University of London, and University collection China 2020 (2011), Friends and Enemies: of Leeds, he worked in Japan and the Inner Mon- The Past, Present and Future of the Communist Party golian region of China before joining the Foreign of China (2009), The Rise of the Dragon—Chinese and Commonwealth Office . He worked in the Chi- Investment Flows in the Reform Period (2008), Strug- na Section and served as First Secretary in Beijing gling Giant: China in the 21st Century (2007), and from 2000 to 2003, and was head of the Indone- The Cultural Revolution in Inner Mongolia (2006) . sia East Timor Section from 2003 to 2005 . He is a He was a coeditor of the Berkshire Encyclopedia of research associate of the Centre for International China and contributed a number of articles includ- Studies and Diplomacy at the School of Oriental ing “Beijing Consensus .” Uncorrected galley pages • ix • Introduction 序言 ven to the most fervent observer of Chinese China of great unity and considerable extent . Its affairs, the great sweep of China’s past is over- borders are nowhere near as extensive as at the time whelmingE . Chinese history is long, indeed very long, of the Yuan, 800 years ago, when the China of the and as the centuries—and millennia—have passed Mongols reached deep into central Asia, and even “China” has taken one shape after another, with crept to the borders of what is now Europe . But they different boundaries, different leaders, and differ- are approximately the same as they were at the end ent guiding principles . There has been splitting up, of the period of Qing expansionism in the eight- reuniting in different forms, and fragmenting again . eenth century . But today’s China understands that But there is continuity, too, and at the heart of its history has been marked by disunity, and this lies this new encyclopedia is a belief that in understand- behind the current Chinese government’s constant ing the stories of over 100 remarkable and significant emphasis on the importance of unity and stability . individuals, we can come to understand, and make This is only one of the ways in which China’s past comprehensible and manageable, the vast sweep of informs and influences its present, and is one of the Chinese history . stories to be told and explained in the DCB . • No expert expects to master more than a small Whatever the multiple histories of China have fragment of Chinese history .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Research on Li Bai and His Poetry Works from the Perspective of Tourism Jihong Xu Ma'anshan Teacher's College, Anhui, Ma'anshan, 243041, China Abstract
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 300 2018 International Workshop on Education Reform and Social Sciences (ERSS 2018) Research on Li Bai and His Poetry Works from the Perspective of Tourism Jihong Xu Ma'anshan Teacher's College, Anhui, Ma'anshan, 243041, China Abstract. Li Bai is a great poet and traveler in China. He leaves China precious tourism resources. His tourism poetry works enrich China tourism culture, Li Bai is an outstanding tourism aesthetics master. His poetry aesthetic artistic conception is far-reaching. Li Bai and his poetry works are comprehensively arranged and deeply studied from the perspective of tourism, thereby providing an important basis for developing tourism resources and enriching cultural connotation of tourism products in various regions, and further promoting inheritance and development of China tourism culture. Keywords: Li Bai; tourism resources; tourism culture; tourism aesthetics. 1. Introduction Li Bai is a great romantic poet of China, who 'traveled many famous mountains for his life'. He 'studied immortals in his fifteenth year and never stopped immortal trips'. He 'went to far places with sword' at the age of 25. Li Bai stayed in Dangtu of Anhui at the age of 60 till his death. Li Bai traveled all year round since 15 years old. His steps were radiated to the whole China. Li Bai was repeatedly frustrated in his political career and failed to realize his political ambition especially from 44 to 55 years old. Therefore, he mainly focused on travelling during the period. Such a long and extensive travel is rare among ancient Chinese literati, which also enabled him to transcend his status as a poet.
    [Show full text]
  • The Guangzhou-Hongkong Strike, 1925-1926
    The Guangzhou-Hongkong Strike, 1925-1926 Hongkong Workers in an Anti-Imperialist Movement Robert JamesHorrocks Submitted in accordancewith the requirementsfor the degreeof PhD The University of Leeds Departmentof East Asian Studies October 1994 The candidateconfirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where referencehas been made to the work of others. 11 Abstract In this thesis, I study the Guangzhou-Hongkong strike of 1925-1926. My analysis differs from past studies' suggestions that the strike was a libertarian eruption of mass protest against British imperialism and the Hongkong Government, which, according to these studies, exploited and oppressed Chinese in Guangdong and Hongkong. I argue that a political party, the CCP, led, organised, and nurtured the strike. It centralised political power in its hands and tried to impose its revolutionary visions on those under its control. First, I describe how foreign trade enriched many people outside the state. I go on to describe how Chinese-run institutions governed Hongkong's increasingly settled non-elite Chinese population. I reject ideas that Hongkong's mixed-class unions exploited workers and suggest that revolutionaries failed to transform Hongkong society either before or during the strike. My thesis shows that the strike bureaucracy was an authoritarian power structure; the strike's unprecedented political demands reflected the CCP's revolutionary political platform, which was sometimes incompatible with the interests of Hongkong's unions. I suggestthat the revolutionary elite's goals were not identical to those of the unions it claimed to represent: Hongkong unions preserved their autonomy in the face of revolutionaries' attempts to control Hongkong workers.
    [Show full text]
  • © 2013 Yi-Ling Lin
    © 2013 Yi-ling Lin CULTURAL ENGAGEMENT IN MISSIONARY CHINA: AMERICAN MISSIONARY NOVELS 1880-1930 BY YI-LING LIN DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2013 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral committee: Professor Waïl S. Hassan, Chair Professor Emeritus Leon Chai, Director of Research Professor Emeritus Michael Palencia-Roth Associate Professor Robert Tierney Associate Professor Gar y G. Xu Associate Professor Rania Huntington, University of Wisconsin at Madison Abstract From a comparative standpoint, the American Protestant missionary enterprise in China was built on a paradox in cross-cultural encounters. In order to convert the Chinese—whose religion they rejected—American missionaries adopted strategies of assimilation (e.g. learning Chinese and associating with the Chinese) to facilitate their work. My dissertation explores how American Protestant missionaries negotiated the rejection-assimilation paradox involved in their missionary work and forged a cultural identification with China in their English novels set in China between the late Qing and 1930. I argue that the missionaries’ novelistic expression of that identification was influenced by many factors: their targeted audience, their motives, their work, and their perceptions of the missionary enterprise, cultural difference, and their own missionary identity. Hence, missionary novels may not necessarily be about conversion, the missionaries’ primary objective but one that suggests their resistance to Chinese culture, or at least its religion. Instead, the missionary novels I study culminate in a non-conversion theme that problematizes the possibility of cultural assimilation and identification over ineradicable racial and cultural differences.
    [Show full text]
  • Beyond Life and Death Images of Exceptional Women and Chinese Modernity Wei Hu University of South Carolina
    University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Theses and Dissertations 2017 Beyond Life And Death Images Of Exceptional Women And Chinese Modernity Wei Hu University of South Carolina Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd Part of the Comparative Literature Commons Recommended Citation Hu, W.(2017). Beyond Life And Death Images Of Exceptional Women And Chinese Modernity. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/4370 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BEYOND LIFE AND DEATH IMAGES OF EXCEPTIONAL WOMEN AND CHINESE MODERNITY by Wei Hu Bachelor of Arts Beijing Language and Culture University, 2002 Master of Laws Beijing Language and Culture University, 2005 Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature College of Arts and Sciences University of South Carolina 2017 Accepted by: Michael Gibbs Hill, Major Professor Alexander Jamieson Beecroft, Committee Member Krista Jane Van Fleit, Committee Member Amanda S. Wangwright, Committee Member Cheryl L. Addy, Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School © Copyright by Wei Hu, 2017 All Rights Reserved. ii DEDICATION To My parents, Hu Quanlin and Liu Meilian iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During my graduate studies at the University of South Carolina and the preparation of my dissertation, I have received enormous help from many people. The list below is far from being complete. First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my academic advisor, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • CHP-121 Terms
    T E R M S R E F E R E N C E D I N E P I S O D E The Chinese Civil War (Part 3) Ep. 121 P I N Y I N / T E R M C H I N E S E E N G L I S H / M E A N I N G Anhui 安徽 Province in China Chang Jiang 长江 The Yangzi River Changchun 长春 Capital of Jilin province in Manchuria Chen Cheng 陈诚 NRA General Chen Cheng 陈诚 NRA General Chen Mingren 陈明仁 NRA General Chen Yi 陈毅 PLA General and future foreign minister Chen Yun 陈云 One of Mao’s earliest political allies Dabie Mountains 大别山 Mountain chain just northeast of Wuhan in Hubei province Du Yuming 杜聿明 Nationalist General Fenghua 奉化 City and county in Zhejiang, near Ningbo Fu Zuoyi 傅作义 Nationalist General Fujian 福建 Province in China Gao Gang 高岗 PLA leader who served closely with Lin Biao Geng Biao 耿彪 PLA leader Guangdong 广东 Province in China Guangxi 广西 Province in China Han Gaozu 汉高祖 Liu Bang, founder of the Han Dynasty Hu Zongnan 胡宗南 Nationalist General Huabei 华北 Northern China Huaihai 淮海 Civil War Campaign in 1948 Huang Wei 黄伟 Nationalist General Hubei 湖北 Province in China Jiangsu 江苏 Province in China another military region of the Communists covering parts of Shanxi, Inner Jin-Cha-Ji 晋察冀 Mongolia and Hebei Jinzhou 锦州 City in Liaoning province Ming Dynasty loyalist who fought on against the Qing from his Taiwan base. Koxinga 郑成功 Also known as Cheng Ch’eng-kung Li Fuchun 李富春 PLA General Li Zongren 李宗仁 Nationalist General Liaoning 辽宁 Province in Manchuria Liaoshen 辽沈 Civil War Campaign in 1948 Lin Biao 林彪 PLA General in Manchuria and northern China Liu Bocheng 刘伯承 PLA General (Deng Xiaoping partner in civil
    [Show full text]
  • Xu-Beng Campaign [Huai-Hai Campaign]
    Xu-Beng Campaign [Huai-Hai Campaign] by Ah Xiang [Excerpts from “Civil Wars: 1945-1950” ] Before the Liao-Shen Campaign rolled to the end, CCP Eastern China Field Army completed the campaign against the Jinan city with the help of Wu Hualong's defection. Liu Zhi's KMT army group, with 600,000 troops, failed to give the relief to Jinan the provincial city of Shandong Province, but instead concentrated onto the cities of Shangqiu, Xuzhou and coastal Lianyungang, along the railway lines of Jin-Pu & Long-Hai. To the right side of Liu Zhi would be KMT's Huang Baitao Army Group that was in charge of the area between Long-Hai Railway to the north and the Huai-he River to the south and between coastal Lianyungang to the east and Xuzhou to the west. Mao Tse-tung continued the communist strategy of attacking one outpost while impeding or eliminating the enemy relief. To link up the “liberated area” of Shandong Province and northern Jiangsu Province as well as to cut off the right arm of Liu Zhi's army in Xuzhou, Mao Tse-tung proposed to first attack Huang Baitao's army group. For sake of taking out Huang Baitao's army, Mao Tse-tung instructed that more than half of CCP Eastern China Field Army should be deployed against the relief armies of Qiu Qingquan and Li Mi. During the campaign, the original communist plan changed midway when Liu Zhi's KMT army in Xuzhou fled to the west and Huang Wei's KMT army group came north, culminating in an expanded Huai-Hai Campaign that would suck in Huang Wei & Du Yuming's army groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Issue, Find a Full List of Distribution Points for Hard Copies Or Arrange a Subscription to Have the Nanjinger Delivered to Your Home Or Office!
    MAY 2021 www.thenanjinger.com 6 Sign of the Times hat it’s been more than a year since our 1. How have you felt lately (like over the last outing in “The Trip” is indeed a sign past year); anxious or guilty? See p. 16-18. Tof these days. 2. Should you bother to keep pace in the But we’re back with a vengeance. And we’ll Chinese race to be ever-more “beautiful”? wager that you too will be hunkering for the See p. 10-12. clean air of Chizhou and the splendour of 3. Taken out a gym membership recently? Jiuhua Shan after you’re read our first travel Notice anything strange? See p. 14-15. piece of 2021. See p. 22-23. Welcome to “Zeitgeist” from The Nanjinger. But before that, a few questions to get us started for this month. Ed. can the QR Code to visit The Nanjinger on WeChat, from where Syou can download a free PDF of this issue, find a full list of distribution points for hard copies or arrange a subscription to have The Nanjinger delivered to your home or office! This magazine is part of a family of English publications that together reach a large proportion of the foreign population living in Nanjing, along with a good dash of locals, comprising: The Nanjinger City Guide www.thenanjinger.com Facebook, WeChat, Twitter & Instagram All of the above are owned and operated by HeFu Media, the Chinese subsidiary of SinoConnexion Ltd;www.sinoconnexion.com 2 By Maitiu Bralligan ‘21 Independently, we each rebelled in such similar ways: Black clothes, long hair, earring in the left ear Listening to the same riffs and the same bars “And now you do what they told ya...” We were free! Casting our fearless bodies Into the mosh pit / wrecking pool (call it what you will) In the thrall of the same intoxicating thrill.
    [Show full text]
  • Also by Jung Chang
    Also by Jung Chang Empress Dowager Cixi: The Concubine Who Launched Modern China Mao: The Unknown Story (with Jon Halliday) Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China THIS IS A BORZOI BOOK PUBLISHED BY ALFRED A. KNOPF Copyright © 2019 by Globalflair Ltd. All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Penguin Random House LLC, New York. Originally published in hardcover in Great Britain by Jonathan Cape, an imprint of Vintage, a division of Penguin Random House Ltd., London, in 2019. www.aaknopf.com Knopf, Borzoi Books, and the colophon are registered trademarks of Penguin Random House LLC. Library of Congress Control Number: 2019943880 ISBN 9780451493507 (hardcover) ISBN 9780451493514 (ebook) ISBN 9780525657828 (open market) Ebook ISBN 9780451493514 Cover images: (The Soong sisters) Historic Collection / Alamy; (fabric) Chakkrit Wannapong / Alamy Cover design by Chip Kidd v5.4 a To my mother Contents Cover Also by Jung Chang Title Page Copyright Dedication List of Illustrations Map of China Introduction Part I: The Road to the Republic (1866–1911) 1 The Rise of the Father of China 2 Soong Charlie: A Methodist Preacher and a Secret Revolutionary Part II: The Sisters and Sun Yat-sen (1912–1925) 3 Ei-ling: A ‘Mighty Smart’ Young Lady 4 China Embarks on Democracy 5 The Marriages of Ei-ling and Ching-ling 6 To Become Mme Sun 7 ‘I wish to follow the example of my friend Lenin’ Part III: The Sisters and Chiang Kai-shek (1926–1936) 8 Shanghai Ladies 9 May-ling Meets the Generalissimo 10 Married to a Beleaguered
    [Show full text]
  • The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Wai Kit Wicky Tse University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Tse, Wai Kit Wicky, "Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 589. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Abstract As a frontier region of the Qin-Han (221BCE-220CE) empire, the northwest was a new territory to the Chinese realm. Until the Later Han (25-220CE) times, some portions of the northwestern region had only been part of imperial soil for one hundred years. Its coalescence into the Chinese empire was a product of long-term expansion and conquest, which arguably defined the egionr 's military nature. Furthermore, in the harsh natural environment of the region, only tough people could survive, and unsurprisingly, the region fostered vigorous warriors. Mixed culture and multi-ethnicity featured prominently in this highly militarized frontier society, which contrasted sharply with the imperial center that promoted unified cultural values and stood in the way of a greater degree of transregional integration. As this project shows, it was the northwesterners who went through a process of political peripheralization during the Later Han times played a harbinger role of the disintegration of the empire and eventually led to the breakdown of the early imperial system in Chinese history.
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese Oral History Collections at Columbia: Toward Better Access1
    Journal of East Asian Libraries, No. 140, Oct. 2006 CHINESE ORAL HISTORY COLLECTIONS AT COLUMBIA: TOWARD BETTER ACCESS1 Chengzhi Wang Columbia University Introduction Source materials keep their scholarly value unabated with the passage of time. This is true of the Chinese Oral History collections at Columbia. Most of the collections were created, acquired in association with the Chinese Oral History Project undertaken about three decades ago, but they are still frequently inquired about and consulted by students and scholars researching modern China. All the original Chinese oral history collections are kept at the Rare Book and Manuscript Library (RBML) at Columbia. Some difficulties in accessing the collections from afar and at Columbia have been reported by new users. Among other problems, new users assume that records for these Chinese-language oral histories have been completely entered into CLIO (Columbia Libraries Information Online), Columbia’s online catalog, and converted to LC pinyin system, and so are searchable in CLIO, but in fact this is not true. Many authors and titles of the oral histories, if known, are not directly searchable. Some general titles of oral history projects are searchable, and the search results offer substantial useful information in great detail. Yet, few users would search CLIO using the correct general titles, and some specific personal papers and archives cannot be located this way.2 Moreover, it seems the Journal of East Asian Libraries and other library professional periodicals have not carried any articles focusing on this important oral history collection.3 The Chinese Oral History project at Columbia officially started in 1958 and ended in 1980.
    [Show full text]
  • An Analysis of the English Translation of Li Bai's Poems
    International Journal of English, Literature and Social Science (IJELS) Vol-4, Issue-4, Jul – Aug 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4437 ISSN: 2456-7620 An Analysis of the English Translation of Li Bai’s Poems Huang Shanshan1, Wang Feng2 1School of Foreign Studies, Yangtze University, Hubei, 434023 PRC China Email: [email protected] 2School of Foreign Studies, Yangtze University, Hubei, 434023 PRC China Email:[email protected] (correspondence) Abstract— For more than 300 years, Li Bai’s poems have been translated, introduced and disseminated in large quantities, which undoubtedly plays an important role in the out-going of Chinese culture. Based on the general historical context of the English translation of Li Bai’s poems and the collected data about his translations, this study analyses the characteristics of his English translation in different periods and sums up how Li Bai’s poems have claimed the world literary status. Keywords— Li Bai’s poems, English translation, characteristics, the world literary status. I. INTRODUCTION II. In recent years, scholars in China and other countries 2.1 Before the 20th Century: the Initial Stage have become more and more enthusiastic about the As early as the 18th century, there were sporadic records translation of Li Bai’s poems and have made some of the poet Li Bai in the West. Most of these records were achievements. However, the research field is relatively made by missionaries, diplomats or sinologists. It is based isolated, mainly focusing on the translation theory or on these early explorations that the translation and practice, lacking of comprehensive interdisciplinary introduction of Li Bai’s poems can be developed rapidly research.
    [Show full text]
  • Guangzhou and the Asia Communications and Photonics Conference
    Welcome to Guangzhou and the Asia Communications and Photonics Conference It is a great pleasure to invite you to participate in the Asia Communica- presentation about the strategy and requirement on 100G WDM of China Jagadish (Australian National Univ., Australia); Xiang Liu (Bell Labortories, tions and Photonics Conference (ACP) 2012 and share the latest news in Mobile. In addition to the regular technical sessions, four workshops will USA); Xiaomin Ren (Beijing Univ. of Posts and Telecommunications, China); communications and photonics science, technology and innovations from also be held featuring over thirty invited speakers. Two pre-conference and Perry Ping Shum (Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore); and the leading companies, universities and research laboratories throughout the workshops on “Photonic Integrated Circuits for Next Generation Comput- Subcommittee Chairs who have worked persistently throughout the whole world. ACP is Asia’s premier conference in the Pacific Rim for photonics ers and Networks,” and “Energy Efficient Optical Communications and year to invite speakers, solicit and review papers, organize the technical technologies, including optical communications, biophotonics, nanopho- Networking,” have been scheduled for Wednesday, 7 November and are sessions which results in the excellent technical program. We also thank the tonics, illumination and applications in energy. ACP is co-sponsored by complimentary to conference registrants. Other workshops include “Bio- staff and volunteers of the professional societies from OSA, IEEE/PS, SPIE, five technical societies–IEEE Photonics Society, OSA, SPIE, the Chinese photonics Challenges-Research Frontiers vs. Biomedical Applications in COS, and CIC for organizing and sponsoring the event. Optical Society and the Chinese Institute of Communications. The local the Real World and Commercialization” (10th Nov.) and an “ICAM organization of the technical conference is led by South China Normal Workshop on Emerging Topics of Silicon Photonics” (8th and 10th Nov.).
    [Show full text]