What We Learned from the PDP-11
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DX11-8 System 360/370 Channel to PDP-11 Unibus Interface Maintenance Manual
EK-DXIIB-MM-002 DX11-8 system 360/370 channel to PDP-11 unibus interface maintenance manual digital equipment corporation • maynard, massachusetts 1st Edition, August 1972 2nd Printing (Rev) March 1973 3rd Printing July 1973 4th Printing May 1974 5th Printing (Rev) January 1976 Copyright © 1972,1973,1974,1976 by Digital Equipment Corporation The material in this manual is for informational purposes and is subject to change without notice. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no respon sibility for any errors which may appear in this manual. Printed in U.S.A. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts: DEC PDP FLIP CHIP FOCAL DIGITAL COMPUTER LAB CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1.1 Purpose of Manual 1-1 1.2 System Description 1-2 1.3 Mechanical Description 1-5 1.4 Specifications 1-5 1.4.1 Physical 1-6 1.4.2 Environmental 1-6 1.4:3 Electrical 1-6 1.4.4 Performance 1-6 1.5 Engineering Drawaing Drawings 1-7 CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION AND ACCEPTANCE TEST 2.1 Summary of Installation Functions 2-1 2.2 Installation and Acceptance Test Requirements 2-2 2.2.1 Equipment Required 2-2 2.2.2 Diagnostics Required 2-2 2.2.3 Space Requirements 2-3 2.2.4 Power Requirements 2-3 2.2.5 Information Requirements 2-5 2.2.6 Test Schedule 2-6 2.3 Unpacking and Inspection 2-6 2.3.1 Unpacking 2-6 2.3.2 Inspection 2-7 2.4 Installation 2-7 2.4.1 PDP-II and DX11-B Cable Installation (within PDP-II System) 2-7 2.4.2 IBM Device Address Jumper Installation 2-8 2.4.3 Interrupt Vector Address Jumper Installation 2-12 -
PDP-11 Bus Handbook (1979)
The material in this document is for informational purposes only and is subject to change without notice. Digital Equipment Corpo ration assumes no liability or responsibility for any errors which appear in, this document or for any use made as a result thereof. By publication of this document, no licenses or other rights are granted by Digital Equipment Corporation by implication, estoppel or otherwise, under any patent, trademark or copyright. Copyright © 1979, Digital Equipment Corporation The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: DIGITAL PDP UNIBUS DEC DECUS MASSBUS DECtape DDT FLIP CHIP DECdataway ii CONTENTS PART 1, UNIBUS SPECIFICATION INTRODUCTION ...................................... 1 Scope ............................................. 1 Content ............................................ 1 UNIBUS DESCRIPTION ................................................................ 1 Architecture ........................................ 2 Unibus Transmission Medium ........................ 2 Bus Terminator ..................................... 2 Bus Segment ....................................... 3 Bus Repeater ....................................... 3 Bus Master ........................................ 3 Bus Slave .......................................... 3 Bus Arbitrator ...................................... 3 Bus Request ....................................... 3 Bus Grant ......................................... 3 Processor .......................................... 4 Interrupt Fielding Processor ......................... -
DHQ11 User Guide
EK -DHQ 11-UG.002 DHQ11 User Guide Prepared by Educational Services of Digital Equipment Corporation Second Edition, July 1987 Copyright © 1987 by Digital Equipment Corporation All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors herein. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: mmDDmrM DEC MASSBUS RT-l1 DECmate PDP UNIBUS DECsystem-IO PIOS VAX DECSYSTEM-20 Professional VAXBI DECUS Rainbow VMS DECwriter RSTS VT DIBOL RSX Work Processor FALCON CONTENTS PREFACE CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 SCOPE................................................................. 1-1 1.2 OVERVIEW ........................................................... 1-1 1.2.1 General Description ................................................ 1-1 1.2.1.1 Modem Control Facility ....................................... 1-2 1.2.1.2 Self-Test Facility .............................................. 1-2 1.2.1.3 Diagnostic Programs .......................................... 1-2 1.2.1.4 Preventing Data Loss ......................................... 1-2 1.2.2 Physical Description ............................................... 1-2 1.2.2.1 On-Board Switchpacks ........................................ 1-3 1.2.2.2 Communications Standard ..................................... 1-3 1.2.3 Versions Of The DHQl1 ........................................... 1-4 1.2.4 Configurations ...... Ie. • • •• •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • -
Integriti Access Controller (IAC)
Integriti Access Controller (IAC) An IP based master controller The Integriti Access Controller (IAC) is an IP based master controller for the Integriti modular hardware system. The Integriti Access Controller can be used to control and monitor up to 8 Doors or Lift cars on the Integriti RS-485 LAN). The IAC supports two doors/four wiegand and 16 RS485 SIFER readers and is expandable up to eight doors/ eight wiegand readers with the simple addition of 2 Door expander boards via the UniBus in-cabinet expansion interface. Equipped with an Ethernet Port, the IAC can be used both stand alone or expanded further via its UniBus and RS-485 Sub-LAN ports. The flexible, modular design of the IAC’s system parameters and Sub-LAN architecture allows a single standalone controller to be expanded to form a network of RS-485 expansion modules of up to 100,000 Users, 512 Zone Inputs, 250 Areas/ Zone Partitions and up to 80 card readers and 40 Doors. Integriti’s multi-controller architecture allows any number of IAC’s and or ISCs to be combined within the Integriti software package to form a globally managed small, medium or enterprise sized system where the entire network of controllers is managed as a whole. This architecture allows for an infinite number of Readers, Doors, Areas, Zone Inputs and Outputs. Doors Terminals Users LAN Modules Review Events No Smart Card 12 24 10,000 2 60,000 Expanded 40 80 100,000 16 100,000 Key Features Uni-Bus In-Cabinet Expansion ISC On board Features UniBus is an innovative in-cabinet bus which allows the • RJ45 - 10/100 Ethernet Port Ethernet Connected Services • RS-485 Sub-LAN • Connectivity to Integriti Software connection of Expansion devices, Communications devices and • USB Master & Slave Ports • SkyTunnel® Cloud Services & Door & Reader expansion devices on a common Plug & Play • UniBus In-Cabinet Expansion Interface Smart Phone connectivity • Multipath-IP / GSM STU Port (Port bus. -
Gordon's Personal View of Personal Computing: Before the PC
Gordon’s Personal View of Personal Computing: before the PC Vintage Computer Society 27 September 1998 Gordon Bell [email protected] http://www.research.microsoft.com/~gbell Apple II First personal computer Micral In the beginning: Manchester “Baby” ran the first program 22 June 1948 English Electric Deuce Console 1955 Whirlwind c1953 … 1st generation, 16-bit word; 4 KB memory; 8 K drum Whirlwind begot TX-O/TX-2 begot DEC PDP-1 Real time, first compiler, ECAD, text editor Whirlwind console, drum, 1 Kw core SAGE Control Room c 1962. Whirlwind used for first experiments. SAGE (Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) Operator Console TX-0 Console c1959… one of the first transistorized personal computers Speech, handwriting recognition, neuro data analysis, etc. Interactive editors, debuggers, etc. MIT Speech group with TX-0, c1959. DEC Computer before PDP-11 1957 1961 1963 DEC PDP-1 c1961 Wes Clark & LINC c1962: Personal computers for bio-medical research PDP-5 c1964: PDP-8 predecessor Process control, real time experiments. Fortran ran in 4 K, 12 bit words Gbell with LINC and PDP-8 c1965 PDP-8: first mini First OEM computer. OS/8 (from timesharing) begot RT-11 begot CPM PDP-8 Modules PDP-8/E PDP-8 and Linc Family Tree PDP-8 12 bit word price (t) PDP-8 prices (t) Timesharing: given everyone their own, low cost, personal computer PDP-6 c1965 : First commercial time shared computer. Gbell & Alan Kotok PDP-6 Development team c1965 PDP-6/10/ DECsystem 10/20 family tree TThheerree iiss nnoo rreeaassoonn aannyyoonnee wwoouulldd wwaanntt aa ccoommppuutteerr iinn tthheeiirr hhoommee. -
Thesis May Never Have Been Completed
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC): A case study of indecision, innovation and company failure Goodwin, D.T. Publication date 2016 Document Version Final published version Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Goodwin, D. T. (2016). Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC): A case study of indecision, innovation and company failure. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:26 Sep 2021 Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) (DEC) Corporation Digital Equipment David Thomas David Goodwin Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC): A Case Study of Indecision, Innovation and Company Failure David Thomas Goodwin Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC): A Case Study of Indecision, Innovation and Company Failure David Thomas Goodwin 1 Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC): A Case Study of Indecision, Innovation and Company Failure ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. -
Unibus: a Universal Hardware Architecture for Serial Bus Interfaces with Real-Time Support
UNIBUS: A UNIVERSAL HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE FOR SERIAL BUS INTERFACES WITH REAL-TIME SUPPORT A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY MEHDI DUMAN IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING JANUARY 2015 Approval of the thesis: UNIBUS: A UNIVERSAL HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE FOR SERIAL BUS INTERFACES WITH REAL-TIME SUPPORT submitted by MEHDI DUMAN in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the de- gree of Master of Science in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Gülbin Dural Ünver Dean, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Prof. Dr. Gönül Turhan Sayan Head of Department, Electrical and Electronics Engineering Assoc. Prof. Dr. ¸SenanEce Güran Schmidt Supervisor, Electrical and Electronics Eng. Dept., METU Examining Committee Members: Prof. Dr. Gözde Bozdagı˘ Akar Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. ¸SenanEce Güran Schmidt Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Cüneyt F. Bazlamaçcı Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dept., METU Dr. Nizam Ayyıldız ASELSAN,REHIS˙ Dr. Salih Zengin TÜBITAK˙ SAGE Date: I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last Name: MEHDI DUMAN Signature : iv ABSTRACT UNIBUS: A UNIVERSAL HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE FOR SERIAL BUS INTERFACES WITH REAL-TIME SUPPORT Duman, Mehdi M.S., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Supervisor : Assoc. -
Bell's Law of Computer Classes
Bell’s Law; P,M,S Structures; Rules of thumb; and Taxonomies 1957-1998. 41 yrs. 4 generations: Tubes > transistors > ICs, VLSI (micros) > clusters - winner take all How computer classes form, evolve …and die (according to economically based laws) Gordon Bell Microsoft Research, Silicon Valley Laboratory References Moore’s Law http://www.computerhistory.org/semiconductor/timeline/1965-Moore.html Bell’s Law: http://research.microsoft.com/research/pubs/view.aspx?0rc=p&type=technical +report&id=1389 Bell, C. G., R. Chen and S. Rege, "The Effect of Technology on Near Term Computer Structures," Computer 2 (5) 29-38 (March/April 1972). IEEE History Center's Global History Network: http://ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/STARS:Rise_and_Fall_of_Minicomputers In retrospect…by 1971, the next 50 years of computing was established 1. Moore’s Law (1965) transistors/die double every 18 mos. 2. Intel 4004, Processor-on-a-chip (1971) Clearly, by 1978 16-bit processor-on-a-chip 3. Bell et al 1971 observation...computer evolution 1. Computers evolve at constant price (Moore’s Law) 2. Computer clases form every decade (Bell’s Law) New technology, manufacturers, uses and markets How I think about computers • P,M,S describes architectures i.e. the components and how they are interconnected and interact – Reveals structure (size, cost, performance, power, etc.) – Parallelism, bottlenecks, and rules of thumb – Functional evolution to compete with larger computers • Bell’s Law determines classes birth & death • Rules of thumb determine goodness • Taxonomies enumerate alternatives A Walk-Through Computer Architectures from The Largest & Fastest to the Digestible Computers have evolved from a bi-furcation of: • calculating (P) aka scientific and record keeping (M) aka commerce to • control (K), • interfacing (T/Transduction) including GUIs, NUI, and • Communication (L), switching (S) and networking (N) Every information carrier from greeting cards to phones is an embedded computer. -
Oral History Interview with Joseph F. Traub
An Interview with JOSEPH F. TRAUB OH 94 Conducted by William Aspray on 29 March 1985 Columbia University (New York, NY) Charles Babbage Institute The Center for the History of Information Processing University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Copyright, Charles Babbage Institute 1 Joseph F. Traub Interview 29 March 1985 Abstract The main topic is institutions in computing. Traub begins by discussing why computer science has developed as a discipline at some institutions but not others. Institutions that are highlighted include Stanford, Berkeley, University of Pennsylvania, MIT, and Carnegie-Mellon. Traub discusses his experiences as chairman of the computer science departments at Carnegie-Mellon and later Columbia. Other topics include: industrial and government funding of computer science departments (in particular the role of the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Defense Department); the relationships between academic centers, such as M.I.T., Stanford, Columbia, and Carnegie-Mellon; and the importance of educational institutions to regional centers of industrial computing. At the end of the interview Traub returns to a topic of his earlier interviews, his experiences at Bell and Watson Laboratories. 2 JOSEPH F. TRAUB INTERVIEW DATE: 29 March 1985 INTERVIEWER: William Aspray LOCATION: Columbia University (New York, NY) ASPRAY: This is a session on the 29th of March, 1985, with Joseph Traub in his office at Columbia University. It is the third in a series of interviews, and the main topic in this session is institutions in computing. Why don't we start by talking about why certain universities - Pennsylvania, Harvard, Columbia, which had strong early activities in computing - didn't develop into first-rate research and teaching centers in computer science? TRAUB: It seems to me that in each of the institutions, that have become the major centers one can usually identify one or two people who were responsible. -
I/O Műveletek PCI, PCI Express, SCSI Buszok Előadó
PANNON EGYETEM, Veszprém Villamosmérnöki és Információs Rendszerek Tanszék Digitális Rendszerek és Számítógép Architektúrák 7. el őadás: I/O műveletek PCI, PCI Express, SCSI buszok El őadó: Dr. Vörösházi Zsolt [email protected] Jegyzetek, segédanyagok: Könyvfejezetek: http://www.virt.uni-pannon.hu Oktatás Tantárgyak Digitális Rendszerek és Számítógép Architektúrák (Nappali) (chapter06.pdf + további részek, amik a könyvben nem szerepelnek: PCI_bus.pdf, SCSI_bus.pdf ) Fóliák, óravázlatok .ppt (.pdf) Feltöltésük folyamatosan 2 I/O műveletek Aszinkron protokoll Szinkron protokoll Arbitráció (döntési mechanizmus) Megszakítás – kezelés (operációs rendszerek) Buszok – Buszrendszerek: PCI, PCI-Express, SCSI buszok 3 I/O egységek A számítógép a külvilággal, perifériákkal az I/O egységeken keresztül tartja a kapcsolatot. Az információ továbbítását az egységek között buszok végzik, amelyek interfészekkel kapcsolódnak egymáshoz. Interface: azon szabályok összessége, amelyek mind a fizikai megjelenést, kapcsolatot, mind pedig a kommunikációs folyamatokat leírják. Egy busz általában 3 fő kommunikációs vonalból állhat: vezérl őbusz, adatbusz, és címbusz . 4 I/O kommunikációs protokollok: Kommunikáció során megkülönböztetünk egy eszközpárt: a Master -t és Slave -t. A Master (pl. CPU) általában, mint kezdeményez ő, birtokolja és ellen őrzi a buszt, és átadja (ír / olvas) az adatokat a Slave-nek (pl. Memória). A kommunikációhoz el őredefiniált protokollokra (szabályok és konvenciók gy űjteménye) van szükség, amelyek meghatározzák az események sorrendjét és id őzítését. A kommunikáció feltétele a másik egység állapotának pontos ismerete. Lehetséges több M-S modul (pl. multi-master rendszer több kezdeményez ővel) is egy rendszerben. Két alapvet ő protokoll különböztethet ő meg: 1.) Aszinkron kommunikációs (pl. SCSI busz), és 2.) Szinkron kommunikációs (pl. PCI busz) protokoll. 5 Busz rendszer Master-Slave moduljainak szervezése Modul-szervezés Busz-Master (busz- vezérl ő) kommunikál Master Slave a Busz-Slave-el M M M S S (responder). -
Unibus Troubleshooting User's Manual
Unibus Troubleshooting user's manual ( Unibus Troubleshooting user's manual " ( E K-FS002-0P-001 ( ( COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL ( \ digital equipment corporation • maynard, massachusetts 1st Edition, February 1977 ( Copyright © 1977 by Digital Equipment Corporation ( The material in this manual is for informational purposes and is subject to change without notice. This manual is intended for use by authorized DIGITAL personnel only. The information contained in this manual is intended to be used for analyzing product performance. Printed in U.S.A. This document was set on DIGITAL's DECset-8000 computerized typesetting system. c The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts: DEC DECtape PDP DECCOMM DECUS RSTS DEC system-l 0 DIGITAL TYPESET-8 DECSYSTEM-20 MASSBUS TYPESET-II UNIBUS CONTENTS ( Page CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW . 1-1 1.2 UNIBUS TROUBLESHOOTING TECHNIQUES 1-2 1.3 HI/LO TERMINATOR MARGIN CARDS 1-2 1.4 UNIBUS VOLTAGE MARGIN TESTER BOX 1-2 1.5 SINGLE-ENDED MARGINING TECHNIQUE 1-2 CHAPTER 2 UNIBUS CONFIGURATION 2.1 GENERAL ..... 2-1 2.2 UNIBUS DEFINITIONS 2-1 ( 2.2.1 Bus Segment 2-1 2.2.2 Bus Cable 2-2 2.2.3 Bus Element 2-2 2.2.4 Lumped Load 2-2 2.2.5 Bus Jumper 2-2 2.2.6 Bus Terminator 2-4 2.2.7 Semi-Lumped Load 2-4 2.2.8 AC Unit Load 2-5 2.2.9 DC Unit Load 2-6 ( 2.2.10 Unibus Length and Loading 2-6 2.3 UNIBUS CONFIGURATION RULES 2-7 2.3.1 Maximum Cable Length (Rule No.1) 2-8 2.3.2 Maximum dc Loading (Rule No.2) 2-8 2.3.3 Maximum Lumped Loading (Rule No.3) 2-8 2.3.4 Skewed Cable Lengths (Rule No.4) 2-11 2.3.5 Skewed Cable Lengths, Supplement (Rule No.5) 2-13 2.3.6 Rule Violations (Rule No.6) . -
PDP-11 Unibus Replacement Systems
PDP-11 Unibus Replacement Systems PDP-11 Unibus Replacement System Model NuPDPU 4200 Eliminate Your PDP-11 has been a dependable workhorse for decades, but, Obsolete disks and tapes What do you do if it stops running? High maintenance costs Can you obtain spare parts? Aging, unreliable equipment Do you have knowledgeable staff to troubleshoot Preserve the old system? Existing applications Specialized Unibus I/O interfaces You want to get rid of the high maintenance overhead, but how do you connect a new system to your expensive, hard- Packaging and cables to-replace externally connected equipment? Improve You might be able to replace it all – Speeds 25 times faster than a PDP-11 system, software and external equipment – New equipment, new warranty for a significant capital investment; High performance disk Or, save time and money and choose NuPDP 4200: Unibus Support Retain your investment in software. Support for multiple Unibus devices Preserve your investment in external equipment. Follows all Unibus rules and specifications Migrate to a brand new system with a new Both Unibus PIO and DMA data transers are warranty. supported as well as all three Unibus interrupts Unibus PIO and DMA data transfers occur at NuPDP 4200 is a modern, industry-standard system that replaces the PDP-11 chassis, CPU, memory, and mass maximum Unibus speeds; throughput is limited only storage. Your current PDP-11 disk images can be by the Unibus device(s) transferred onto a NuPDP system running your existing operating system and applications. PDP-11 Compatibility Software compatible with existing applications You can select from a variety of new technology controllers such as the DR11-W, DR11-C, and DHU to replace popular Hardware compatible legacy Unibus interfaces.