Huna Origin of Gurjara Clans डा
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DR. MD. NEYAZ HUSSAIN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR & HOD PG DEPARTMENT of HISTORY MAHARAJA COLLEGE, VKSU, ARA (BIHAR) Kalhana Is an Important Historian in Indian History
M.A HISTORY , SEM-3, PAPER CC:10 DR. MD. NEYAZ HUSSAIN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR & HOD PG DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY MAHARAJA COLLEGE, VKSU, ARA (BIHAR) Kalhana is an important historian in Indian history. Probably, the best known history of India was produced by Kalhana, a Brahamana of Kashmir. He was the son of Kanpaka, a minister of King Harsha of Kashmir. Kanpaka is referred in Rajatarangini as dvarapati or the Lord of the Gates ; commander of the frontier troops. Kalhana was born in Parihaspura now known as Paraspore in the Baramulla district of Jammu & Kashmir. The 12th century A.D. this Kashmiri poet, wrote ‘Rajatarangini’- the river of kings which has been of great value for the study of the history of Kashmir. He started his work in 1148 A.D. and completed it within two years. For this work he used different sources. His access to minute details of contemporary court intrigues was almost direct: his father and uncle were both in the Kashmir court. Regarding the events of the past, Kalhana’s search for material was truly fastidious . He delved deep into such model works as the Harshacharita and the Brihat- samhita epics and used with commendable familiarity the local rajakatha s (royal chronicles) and such previous works on Kashmir as Nripavali by Kshemendra, Parthivavali by Helaraja, and Nilamatapurana . He made a critical study of the earlier works on the history of Kashmir. He displayed surprisingly advanced technical expertise for the time in his concern for unconventional sources. He looked up a variety of epigraphic sources relating to royal eulogies, construction of temples, and land grants; he studied coins, monumental remains, family records, and local traditions. -
Remembering Partition: Violence, Nationalism and History in India
Remembering Partition: Violence, Nationalism and History in India Gyanendra Pandey CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Remembering Partition Violence, Nationalism and History in India Through an investigation of the violence that marked the partition of British India in 1947, this book analyses questions of history and mem- ory, the nationalisation of populations and their pasts, and the ways in which violent events are remembered (or forgotten) in order to en- sure the unity of the collective subject – community or nation. Stressing the continuous entanglement of ‘event’ and ‘interpretation’, the author emphasises both the enormity of the violence of 1947 and its shifting meanings and contours. The book provides a sustained critique of the procedures of history-writing and nationalist myth-making on the ques- tion of violence, and examines how local forms of sociality are consti- tuted and reconstituted by the experience and representation of violent events. It concludes with a comment on the different kinds of political community that may still be imagined even in the wake of Partition and events like it. GYANENDRA PANDEY is Professor of Anthropology and History at Johns Hopkins University. He was a founder member of the Subaltern Studies group and is the author of many publications including The Con- struction of Communalism in Colonial North India (1990) and, as editor, Hindus and Others: the Question of Identity in India Today (1993). This page intentionally left blank Contemporary South Asia 7 Editorial board Jan Breman, G.P. Hawthorn, Ayesha Jalal, Patricia Jeffery, Atul Kohli Contemporary South Asia has been established to publish books on the politics, society and culture of South Asia since 1947. -
The Hephthalite Numismatics
THE HEPHTHALITE NUMISMATICS Aydogdy Kurbanov 1. Introduction Arabic – Haital, Hetal, Heithal, Haiethal, Central Asia and neighbouring countries have a Heyâthelites. In Arabic sources the Hephtha- very old and rich history. A poorly-studied and in- lites, though they are mentioned as Haitals, tricate period of this region is the early medieval are sometimes also refered to as Turks. period (4th - 6th centuries AD). During this time, In the 4th - 6th centuries AD the territory of Cen- “The Great movement of peoples”, the migration tral Asia included at least four major political en- of nomadic peoples (Huns) from Asia to Europe, tities, among them Kushans, Chionites, Kidarites, took place. In South and Central Asia, great em- and Hephthalites. Discussions about the origins pires existed, including Sasanian Iran, Gupta and of these peoples still continue. Ideas vary from some small states. Across Central Asia, mysteri- the Hephthalites considered as part of the Hun ous new peoples appeared: the Hephthalites, the confederation to different other origins. It is also Kidarites and the Chionites, among others. Their uncertain whether the Hephthalites, the Kidarites origins are still debated. Some scholars suppose and the Chionites had a common or different ori- that they were part of a Hun confederation, while gins – that is, are they three branches of the same others suppose they had different origins. ethnic group or are they culturally, linguistically, Generally, the early research on the Hephthalites and genetically distinct from one another? was based only on written sources. They were The Hephthalites are well represented in their mentioned for the fi rst time in AD 361 at the siege coins. -
Report of a Tour in Eastern Rajputana in 1871-72 and 1872-73
c^^‘£lt^0^agic^^;l gurbeg of Inbm. EEPORT OF A TOUR m EASTERN RAJPUTANA ' • IN 1871-72 AND 1872-7 3. jcOMPlIME^TARri BY A. C. L. CAELLEYLE, ABSISTAKT, AECHHOMSICAI. SUKVEr, S. BNDEE THE SUPERINTENDENCE OF MAJOE-aENEEAL A. GUEEIEGHAAI, O.S.I.', C.I.E., PIEECTOE-GENEEAI> AEOH^OLOGIOAE BUEVEl’, VOLUME VI. •‘What is aimed at is an aocnrate description, illustrated by plans, measurements, drawines or photographs, and by copies of insorlptiona, of such remains as most deserve notice, with the history of them so far as it may be trace- able, and a record of the traditions that are preserved regarding them,"—Lonn CANirmo. "What the learned rvorid demand of ns in India is to be quite certain of onr dafa, to place tho mounmcntol record before them exactly as it now exists, and to interpret it faithfully and literally.'*—Jambs Pbiksep. Sengal AsCaiic Soeieig'i JaurnaJ, 1838, p. 227. CALCUTTA: OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF GOVERNMENT PRINTING. 1878. CONTENTS OE VOLUME VI. PAGE. 1. Mountain Eangea of Eajputana 1 2 Achnera 5 3. ]Ihera 13 4^Eupbas 16 5. Jagnei' ..... 24 Satmas v/ .... _33 Baiana V . • . 40 ' Santipur, or Tijayaraandargarh. 64 9. Sikandra .... 74 10. MacLMi, or SanckMd 77 Baiiat 91 12. Deosa ..... 104 13. Nain, or Nai .... 109 . 14 Cliatsu . ^ .... 116 . 15. Shivdungr .... 12l' 16. Thoda, or There 124 17. Bagliera or Yyaghra — — 136 18 Vigalpirs- < . 152 19. Dhaud, or Ghar 160 20. Nagar, or Karkota Nagara 162 21. ITagari, or Tambavati Nagari . 196 22. Mora ..... 227 23. Bijoli 234 PLATES. I. Map of Eastern Eajputana, II. -
Compendium of World History Volume 2
COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY VOLUME 2 A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Herman L. Hoeh 1963 1966, 1969 Edition TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Chapter I Early History of Germany Antiquity of the German Reich Germans Shape World Affairs The Answer Found Did the Assyrians Invade Europe? What Did Assyrians Look Like? Why Germans Call Themselves "Deutschen" What Language Did They Speak? Semitic by Race, Not Language Chapter II The Ancient Kings of the Germans The Early Settlers of Europe Kings of Ancient Germany Chapter III Abraham in Early European History Europe's Early History Suppressed Abraham in the Austrian Chronicle Chapter IV Jews Gain Power in Danube Civilization Jewish Kings from Austrian Chronicle End of Jewish Predominance Chapter V The Conquests of Odin and Danish History What the History of Denmark Reveals The Genealogy of Dan I "Hu the Mighty" The Kings of Denmark Denmark Enters Roman History Christianity Introduced on the Throne Chapter VI Scotland -- Key to History of New World What Historians Claim First Major Settlement Line of Judah in Scotland Earliest History of Scotland Early Line of Scottish Kings Kings of Cruithne Continued Chapter VII They Crossed the Atlantic The Little Ice Age Whites Did Not Become Indians American Indian Tradition Enter Votan Early Time of Migration Chronology of Mexico The History of Toltecs at Tullan The City-State of Culhaucan The Chichimecs at Texcoco -
Ethnographic Series, Part-V-B, Vol-XIII, Punjab
CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 Y·OLUMB xm. PART V-B PUNJAB (ETHNOGRAPIlIC ~ERIE's) (BATWAL; BHAN.JRA; DU.VINAJ MAHA,SHA OR DOOM; ~AGRA; qANDHILA OR GANnIL GONDOLA; ~ARERA; DEHA, DHAYA OR DHEA). P.;L. SONDHI.. DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS AND EX O:FFICTO SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERAT~ONS, PUNJAB. SUMMARY 01' CONTENTS Pages Foreword v Preface vii-x 1. Batwal 1-13 II. Bhanjra 19-29 Ill. Dumna, Mahasha or Doom 35-49 IV. Gagra 55-61 V. GandhUa or GandH Gondo1a 67-77 VI. Sarera 83-93 VII. Deha, Dhaya or Dhea .. 99-109 ANNEXURE: Framework for ethnographic study .. 111-115 }1~OREWORD The Indian Census has had the privIlege of presenting authentic ethnographic accounts of Indian communities. It was usual in all censuses to collect and publish information on race, tribes and castes. The Constitution lays down that "the state shall promote with special care educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the people and, in parti cular, of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and shall protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation". To assist states in fulfiHing their responsibility in this regard the 1961 Census provided a series of special tabulations of the social and economic data on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The lists of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are notified by the Presi· dent under the Constitution and the Parliament is empowered to include or exclude from the lists any caste or tribe. No other source can claim the same authenticity and comprehensiveness as the census of India to help the Government in taking de· cisions on matters such as these. -
Origin of the Rajputs : ______
ORIGIN OF THE RAJPUTS : __________________________ There is no agreement among the scholars regarding the origin of the Rajputs. It has been opined by many scholars that the Rajputs are the descendants of foreign invaders like Sakas, Kushana, white- Hunas etc. All these foreigners, who permanently settled in India, were absorbed within the Hindu society and were accorded the status of the Kshatriyas. It was only afterwards that they claimed their lineage from the ancient Kshatriya families. The other view is that the Rajputs are the descendants of the ancient Brahamana or Kshatriya families and it is only because of certain circumstances that they have been called the Rajputs. Earliest and much debated opinion concerning the origin of the Rajputs is that all Rajput families were the descendants of the Gurjaras and the Gurjaras were of foreign origin. Therefore, all Rajput families were of foreign origin and only, later on, were placed among Indian Kshatriyas and were called the Rajputs. The adherents of this view argue that we find references to the Guijaras only after the 6th century when foreigners had penetrated in India. So, they were not of Indian origin but foreigners. Cunningham described them as the descendants of the Kushanas. A.M.T. Jackson described that one race called Khajara lived in Arminia in the 4th century. When the Hunas attacked India, Khajaras also entered India and both of them settled themselves here by the beginning of the 6th century. These Khajaras were called Gurjaras by the Indians. Kalhana has narrated the events of the reign of Gurjara king, Alkhana who ruled in Punjab in the 9th century. -
Mandsaur PDF\2316
CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 MADHYA PRADESH SERIES -24 PART XII-A DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK MANDSAUR VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY DIRECTORATE OF CENSUS OPERATIONS MADHYA PRADESH 2011 INDIA MADHYA PRADESH DISTRICT MANDSAUR To Kota To Chittorgarh N KILOMETRES To Kota !GANDHI SAGAR 4 2 0 4 8 12 16 HYDEL COLONY A C.D. B L O C K From Rampura B H A N P U R A H G To Kota A ! Sandhara BHANPURA To C Jhalrapatan ! J H U RS . R l J a b M !! Bhensoda ! ! ! ! m ! ! ! a ! h ! C ! ! E ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! From Neemuch ! ! ! R ! ! ! ! ! I ! ! E ! ! T T C ! T N From Ajmer S C To Mandsaur I GAROTH RS ! ! ! J ( D ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! MALHARGARH ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! From Jiran ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! C.D. B L O C K G ! A R O T H ! ! ( NARAYANGARH ! G ! ! R ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Boliya ! B ! To Kotri ! ! G !! ! ! ! Budha ! S ! ! ! RS ! ! ! ! ! D ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Chandwasa C.D. B L O C K M A L H A R G A R H ! ! ! . ! ! ! ! SHAMGARH Sh a R ! ! i vn ! N PIPLYA MANDI ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! R RS G ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! J ! ! RS ! ! ! Nahargarh ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! . ! ! ! ! ! ! ! RS ! G ! ! ! ! R A ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! l ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! a ! NH79 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! b ! ! ! ! ! ! ! m ! G ! ! ! a ! ! ! ! )M ! Kayampur h ! Multanpura ! H C A ! ! G)E ! SUWASRA H ! ! ! ! ! ! ! MANDSAUR ! G R ! RS P ! ! ! ( ! ! ! ! ! ! SH 14 ! C.D. B L O C K S I T A M A U ! ! E ! T ! ! SITAMAU ! Kilchipura !! ! ! ( R From ! ! ! ! G ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Pratappur ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! Ladoona ! ! ! ! ! J ! ! ! S ! ! -
STUDYBAY TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED May 28, 2020
STUDYBAY TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED May 28, 2020 STUDYBAY TIMES NATIONAL Parliament's Monsoon Session to convene soon Indian Parliament's Monsoon session is likely to convene soon at the central hall while following the social distancing protocols to prevent the spread of COVID-19 virus. The two houses of the Parliament, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are likely to sit on alternate days. The government is planning to begin the session at the end of August, delaying it slightly in the wake of coronavirus outbreak. The Monsoon session of the Parliament is generally held at the end of July. The government has taken the decision to hold the parliament session despite daily spike in the number of coronavirus positive cases. Government directs states to talk to pvt labs to reduce price of COVID-19 test The centre has asked state governments to hold talks with private laboratories to reduce the price of the COVID-19 test. The ICMR Director General Balram Bhargava wrote a letter to the Chief Secretaries of the States/ UTs on May 26, 2020 advising the state governments to negotiate with the private labs and fix up mutually agreeable prices for samples being sent by the government and also for private individuals who want to get their COVID tests done at these labs. Aarogya Setu becomes open source: What does it mean? India’s Aarogya Setu app, which is used for COVID-19 contact tracing, has now become an open source. The announcement was made by NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant on May 26, 2020. The Aarogya Setu app was launched to enable Covid-19 contact tracing, syndromic mapping and enable the user to conduct self-assessments of their health. -
The Idea of Gujarat History, Ethnography and Text
The Idea of Gujarat History, Ethnography and Text Edited by EDWARD SIMPSON and MARNA KAPADIA ~ Orient BlackSwan THE IDEA OF GUJARAT. ORIENT BLACKSWAN PRIVATE LIMITED Registered Office 3-6-752 Himayatnagar, Hyderabad 500 029 (A.P), India e-mail: [email protected] Other Offices Bangalore, Bhopal, Bhubaneshwar, Chennai, Ernakulam, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Kolkata, ~ . Luoknow, Mumba~ New Delbi, Patna © Orient Blackswan Private Limited First Published 2010 ISBN 978 81 2504113 9 Typeset by Le Studio Graphique, Gurgaon 122 001 in Dante MT Std 11/13 Maps cartographed by Sangam Books (India) Private Limited, Hyderabad Printed at Aegean Offset, Greater Noida Published by Orient Blackswan Private Limited 1 /24 Asaf Ali Road New Delhi 110 002 e-mail: [email protected] . The external boundary and coastline of India as depicted in the'maps in this book are neither correct nor authentic. CONTENTS List of Maps and Figures vii Acknowledgements IX Notes on the Contributors Xl A Note on the Language and Text xiii Introduction 1 The Parable of the Jakhs EDWARD SIMPSON ~\, , Gujarat in Maps 20 MARNA KAPADIA AND EDWARD SIMPSON L Caste in the Judicial Courts of Gujarat, 180(}-60 32 AMruTA SHODaAN L Alexander Forbes and the Making of a Regional History 50 MARNA KAPADIA 3. Making Sense of the History of Kutch 66 EDWARD SIMPSON 4. The Lives of Bahuchara Mata 84 SAMIRA SHEIKH 5. Reflections on Caste in Gujarat 100 HARALD TAMBs-LYCHE 6. The Politics of Land in Post-colonial Gujarat 120 NIKITA SUD 7. From Gandhi to Modi: Ahmedabad, 1915-2007 136 HOWARD SPODEK vi Contents S. -
Tod's Annals of Rajasthan; the Annals of the Mewar
* , (f\Q^A Photo by] [Donald Macbeth, London MAHARANA BHIM SINGH. Frontispiece TOD'S ANNALS OF RAJASTHAN THE ANNALS OF MEWAR ABRIDGED AND EDITED BY C. H. PAYNE, M.A. LATE OF THE BHOPAL STATE SERVICE With 16 full page Plates and a Map NEW YORK E. P. DUTTON AND CO. London : GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LIMITED Preface "Wherever I go, whatever days I may number, nor time nor place can ever weaken, much less obliterate, the memory of the valley of Udaipiir." Such are the words with which Colonel James Tod closed his great work, the Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan. Few men have ever known an eastern race as Tod knew the Rajputs. He not only knew them through and through, their manners, their their ideals traditions, their character, and ; but so great was his admiration for their many noble qualities, and so completely did he identify himself with their interests, that by the time he left India he had almost become a Rajput himself. The history of Rajputana was, therefore, a subject very to Tod's heart both dear ; and, possessing imagina- tion and descriptive power, he was able to infuse into his pages much of the charm of a romance, and, what is still more rarely to be found in historical works, a powerful human interest. His sympathy for the is in line he wrote Rajputs apparent every ; but if his enthusiasm leads him at times to over- estimate their virtues, he never seeks to palliate their faults, to which, in the main, he attributes the ruin which overtook their race. -
The Caste Question: Dalits and the Politics of Modern India
chapter 1 Caste Radicalism and the Making of a New Political Subject In colonial India, print capitalism facilitated the rise of multiple, dis- tinctive vernacular publics. Typically associated with urbanization and middle-class formation, this new public sphere was given material form through the consumption and circulation of print media, and character- ized by vigorous debate over social ideology and religio-cultural prac- tices. Studies examining the roots of nationalist mobilization have argued that these colonial publics politicized daily life even as they hardened cleavages along fault lines of gender, caste, and religious identity.1 In west- ern India, the Marathi-language public sphere enabled an innovative, rad- ical form of caste critique whose greatest initial success was in rural areas, where it created novel alliances between peasant protest and anticaste thought.2 The Marathi non-Brahmin public sphere was distinguished by a cri- tique of caste hegemony and the ritual and temporal power of the Brah- min. In the latter part of the nineteenth century, Jotirao Phule’s writings against Brahminism utilized forms of speech and rhetorical styles asso- ciated with the rustic language of peasants but infused them with demands for human rights and social equality that bore the influence of noncon- formist Christianity to produce a unique discourse of caste radicalism.3 Phule’s political activities, like those of the Satyashodak Samaj (Truth Seeking Society) he established in 1873, showed keen awareness of trans- formations wrought by colonial modernity, not least of which was the “new” Brahmin, a product of the colonial bureaucracy. Like his anticaste, 39 40 Emancipation non-Brahmin compatriots in the Tamil country, Phule asserted that per- manent war between Brahmin and non-Brahmin defined the historical process.