hie, of Staff With Haldeman gone, Gen. Alexander H ig became the President's shield. ME n came the Agnew resignation, the Mid-East war, "the Saturday night massacre." These have been "six peculiar months," says Haig.
By Nick Thimmesch Spiro T. Agnew, the first Vice President in heartily before cracking, "I'll take execu- U.S. history to be forced from office for a tive privilege on that." Press him fiercely, crime; the continuing, traumatic hassle as questioners did on "Face the Nation" re- over the celebrated "Nixon tapes," spools cently, and Haig will utter an explanation nce Gen. Alexander M. Haig Jr. more precious than gold; the axing of Spe- 'concerning the tape issue which is at vari- was formally appointed White cial Watergate Prosecutor Archibald Cox ance with the facts. Haig has become a 0 House Chief of Staff last June, after and attendant ramming to the wall of At- public man, and, therefore, more vulnera- emergency duty in the void suddenly left by torney General Elliot Richardson and his ble. Unless there is a dramatic transforma- H. R. (Bob) Haldeman, the reaction deputy, William D. Ruckelshaus, with tion, say, like St. Paul's conversion, there around town was almost all favorable. Af- their consequent resignations; and of will always be a military man in the civilian 2 ter all, as Dr. Henry A. Kissinger's dep- course, a situation more familiar to him, suits worn by Al Haig. He's sensitive about cn uty, he was known to be friendly, accessi- and more up his alley, the Middle East cri- this, and argues his case. ble, hard-working, and always there. Be- sis. coq.3.• sides, he didn't wear a butch haircut like His base of operations is the large, gold- Haldeman's, nor did his manner suggest carpeted room in the West Wing, the same the military stereotype. Haig came off as a premises once occupied by Haldeman, only 6' have no pangs of self-conscious- "good guy," and in an era when the mili- Haig doesn't keep the fire going in the fire- ness or inadequacy," Haig says. tary wins few Oscars, that's a plus. Moreo- place the way Haldeman did. "This office ."I've had 12 years' experience in ver, Haig's was a grand success story. He is the same as it was when Haldeman was Washington at the high policy levels in De- had zoomed from colonel to four-star gen- here," says Muriel Hartley, Haig's steady, fense and at the White House. I was expo- eral in four years, and that doesn't even witty, red-haired secretary. "General Haig sed to the legislative process, even the judi- happen in the movies. is too busy to think about changes." cial process when I was with Bobby Ken- Serving as a good guy in a national secu- The office holds: nedy during the Cuban missile crisis. I can rity (therefore, largely military) slot is one Simple pictures of George Washington. state that the military background is a very situation. But serving as the man next to An eagle, a panda from Peking, in sculp- good cauldron for subsequent duty on ci- the President, where actions and decisions ture, but they aren't Haig's. They are gifts vilian status in the bureaucracy. I don't on how the government shall be run, who to the President and must be put some- share the concept that there is a military gets hired and fired, what domestic poli- where. Irving Stone's epic of Michelan- mind. cies will be, and how the Congress, press gelo, The Agony and The Ecstasy and "Politics and soldiering are very, very and public shall be dealt with, is quite an- That Most Distressful Nation by Father close. It's only a soldier who can respect other. In six short months as a civilian offi- Greeley, a social critic. Winston Churchill, and admire a politician. It's a field where a cial in lofty perch, Haig has felt the heat al- naturally. Haldeman's green furniture, the man lays everything on the line to win or ready, and won't always be regarded as a round tables, a chandelier, the flag, that's lose. Athletics are the same. There's a ca- good guy. about it. Haig usually gulps his lunch here maraderie among men who lay it all out. John D. Ehrlichman is a man of stained —a cheeseburger and iced tea. They're tested by the vote or they're tested record, but he is also a man who sat in the Haig customarily is very well man- in battle. When one doesn't win, the results "vortex" Haig likes to describe and saw nered, but he can break out in sudden fits are fatal, and in the case of the military, Haig at work as Kissinger's deputy. He's of humor. "What influence do you have on quite fatal. So I have a great deal of respect dubious. "I don't think Al is the right man the President," he is asked. "Decisive," he for politicians. for that job, for all his qualities," Ehrlich- bellows out in laughter. But in a moment, "From my perspective, I have always man said. "Bob Haldeman may not have he is seriously discussing the decision mak- found that a military man can have his been the indispensable man in the White ing process. He chain-smokes and worries. views respected. The military has to know House but he was the closest thing to it." He is work-obsessed, disciplined and de- its own framework in order to influence Whatever, Haig has already had, to use a voted to his country. But if anything gives policy. There are always positions for capa- military phrase, his baptism of fire. He was him "gas pains" (one of his favorite ble military people at the highest level. in the thick of the decisions which shook expressions) it -is the notion that a military "I am a case in point. I sat at Henry's this city in recent weeks: the resignation of man is unsuited for high level work in the (Kissinger's) elbow where I could have government bureaucracy. considerable impact on policy. I did at the Nick Thimmesch is a syndicated columnist Ask him what part he played in the pain- Defense Department where I was Joe Cali- for The Los Angeles Times. fill extraction of Agnew, and Haig laughs fano's deputy and at McNamara's right 12 The Washington Post/Potomac/November 25, 1973 Alexander Haig in the "vortex," answering questions from the press. Associoled Press The Washington Post/Potomac/November 25, 1973 13 degree I preferred to, is something else. I dition—it changed during the Eisenhower work." The Haigs had lost their standard don't suffer frustrations in being able to in- years—that it was best to stay out of it. of living, but not their station. fluence policy. Precisely the opposite. I Politics wasn't to be discussed by young of- He describes his mother as a "strong, ex- suffer frustrations with military men who ficers in the dining hall. That was bad ceptional woman," now 83,- active and can't recognize the best way to do it." manners. alert, and living alone at Pennington, New The civilian who has been Haig's great- "I learned to be an observer in politics, Jersey. Haig's older sister, Mrs. Regina est booster for years is also an attorney for not an advocate. I made value judgments Meredith, is an attorney in partnership the Democratic Party in the case which has and kept them to myself. But that's chang- with her husband. Haig's younger brother, made Mr. Nixon's White House a living ing. I have strong views—I'm not a eunuch Father Frank Haig, S. J. , teaches physics at hell for most of 1973. That booster is Jo- or a whore—but it's not an excessive bur- Baltimore's Loyola College, a Jesuit school. seph Califano, who urged Haig on Kis- den to restrain them:' "My father was Scotch-English and a Re- singer when he was looking for a deputy The amalgam of Nixon-Haig is forming, publican," Haig says. "My mother's back in 1968. Califano quickly tells you he and with it, a single-minded admiration for maiden name was Murphy and she was loves Haig and can't stand or trust Mr. Nixon by Haig. It could turn into narrow Catholic, but she was also Republican. She Nixon. Haig will tell you he has respect loyalty. Anyway, Haig talks of the Presi- was lace-curtain Philadelphia Irish. Her and admiration, variously, for both Cali- dent's burdens, the agonizing over Vice brothers were all doctors- and lawyers. fano and the President. Well, put that President Agnew, and the "terribly com- "It was a tough time for us when my fa- aside, for a moment. plex relationships with the press which ther died. It brought our family close to- "Al took this job to serve his country in have not been satisfactory." gether, what was left of it. He was a bread- the highest sense," Califano says of Haig's After "six peculiar months," he feels "a winner who overextended himself. decision. "He wanted to get out only a few greater appreciation for Nixon's inner "Dad's death made me fairly conscious weeks after he went in, but he wound up strength. He has experienced an unnatural of what I had to do," Haig says. "I had to resigning the Army because he thought he and excessive amount of personal diffi- be self-reliant and fend for myself. That would be serving in a more important culty. I do believe he has come out meant, A. Get an education, and B. Cut an way." stronger." And Haig believes that Presi- inch." Califano recruited Haig as his deputy in dent Nixon's work in the international area Haig's mother remembers "Alec" as the 1963 when Secretary Robert McNamara is "historic in its proportions, and lasting most personable of her three children. "He was on the lookout for the brightest majors as a contribution. " always had a houseful of boys around,"she in the Army to backstop civilian officials. says. "Alec. was the leader. I wanted him to "These were broadly educated men, a new be an attorney like his father. But he al- breed of officers," says Califano. "Liberal, ways wanted West Point." renaissance kind of men. Al Haig was one As the Indo-Chinese After using up a partial scholarship at a of them. We wound up outstaffing the situation went up and down private school, Haig was graduated from State Department on international commit- Lower Merion public high school. He put tees with these kind of officers. We put the . . . Haig became less a in one year at Notre Dame and then an in- State Department in the bush leagues." deputy to Kissinger and fluential uncle got him into West Point where he entered in 1944 with the last of more a tandem-partner, at the accelerated wartime classes. He did not hrough the Nixon years, Haig had least on military matters. distinguish himself academically. He fin- repeated opportunities to work in ished 214th in a class of 310, and was grad- T the diplomatic area, particularly Increasingly, Nixon uated in 1947. with South Vietnam's President Thieu. In- summoned Haig for the Haig was sent to Japan where he was as- deed, Haig became such a strong member sistant to Gen. Edward Almond. An enor- of the White House team that Nixon came military briefing . . . mous experiment was being conducted in to depend on him nearly as much as he did Japan at that time, and its unlikely director Kissinger in the closing months of the Vi- was Gen. Douglas MacArthur. A political etnam war. Haig's reward was to be pro- system far to the left of anything tolerated moted over 240 senior Army generals to Haig gave up the surety of the Army for in the U. S. was being introduced to the de- the post of Army Vice Chief of Staff and the bitter grind in the White House, but feated Japanese nation. Haig was a first- the four-star generalship which went with that's his way. "This is the pinnacle of deci- hand witness. it. sion making," he says. "The buck stops "I was always interested in politics," he When Nixon's shield, (and Nixon has here. That can't help but add a degree of said, "and started early in Japan with a said he needs a shield in order to function) exhilaration or tension. I've had a great rather sophisticated view of how the mili- Haldeman, had to be discarded, the Presi deal in my military career. I enjoyed my, re- tary ran it. I worked in MacArthur's inner dent almost instinctively reached out for sponsibilities at the Pentagon. I liked run- sanctum. A constitution was developed for another shield he had used—Haig. ning a rifle team, and felt the same way Japan, under MacArthur, which was a There are precedents, of course, for the commanding a battalion in combat. Com- mirror image of the most progressive strong presence of military men in the bat is the epitome of responsibility. In American conceptions. There was a strong White House. Once Sherman Adams left many respects, the same flavor is here." Communist influence in Japan then, and the White House, in what must be re- our major consideration was the kind of garded as minor scandal today, President government which was going to evolve. Eisenhower leaned on Gen. Wilton B. lexander Haig was born Dec. 2, "This wasn't test-tube stuff, this was Persons, U.S. A., retired, to serve as liai- 1924, in Philadelphia, into what he formed in the'' vortex of a political situa- son man with Congress. Eisenhower also Acalls a "well-to-do, upper middle tion. I could watch the factors contribut- relied heavily on Gen. Andrew Good- class family." His father had been Assistant ing to the Korean war, and what the influ- paster, on military matters. But neither City Solicitor of Philadelphia, and was a ence of the Joint Chiefs of Staff was on Mac- man was Ike's shield. Haig is shield to promising attorney on the rise when he Arthur. " Nixon and is loyalty itself. Yet, it's like died of cancer at 38, in 1935. Haig's In 1950, Haig married Patricia Fox, pulling teeth to get Haig to finally murmur mother was left with three children and "a daughter of Gen. Alonzo Fox, Chief of that he voted for Nixon in 1972. minimum estate, just enough to carry us Staff of the Far East Command. Haig soon "I'm not a great voter," he said after a five years." A wealthy aunt helped, and became aide de camp to his father-in-law. 14 The Washington Post/Potomac/November 25, 197,3 Army has suffered a degree of damage to oda its standards due to Vietnam. But the 1-4.6 Army has its eye on the ball right now. There is introspection and assessment." a Califano said he lunched with Haig about two weeks before the My Lai massa- cre story broke. "He was grim, but wouldn't tell me why. He only said that 2 about the worst thing that ever happened rn to the Army was going to break." 1:95 After Vietnam, Haig's next chapter was at West Point where he was made Com- mander of the Third Regiment of the Cadet Corps. The two years there were pleasant for him and his family. The West Point Stint would go unnoticed were it not for the writing of a severe critic who was around Haig then. He is Lucian Truscott IV, a former West Pointer, grandson of the illustrious World War II general, and the latest roman numeral in a family of military officers. Truscott is a muckraker for the leftish Village Voice these days. His long piece on Haig portrays him as super-ambitious and a compulsive "cover up" artist, especially on matters reflecting on his command. Truscott charges that Haig used coercion and deception in cases involving mari- Gen. Haig in his office. He has not had time to redecorate since Haldeman occupied it. juana, cadet cheating on exams, and a ca- det challenge to the West Point regulation But the Korean War had broken out, and flexible response in the early sixties," he on compulsory chapel attendance. Natu- Haig was soon into it. He was in the war 11 says. "General Maxwell Taylor became rally, as an advocacy journalist, Cadet months, saw action, got hepatitis, and was identified both with flexible response and Truscott winds up in physical confronta- shipped home. conventional warfare, and that became the tion with Col. Haig. Molars are ground. He was an admirer of MacArthur all the Kennedys' strategic philosophy. There was Fists clench. Curses are-uttered. Shades of way. "He was one of the dying breed of sterility in massive retaliation. Brother Rat. American bureaucrats," Haig says. "He "But the applications of the Taylor phil- The Truscott article must be regarded as was a very accomplished American leader, osophy were something else. The Cuban chalk smears on an otherwise clean slate of at the end of a generation of leaders who missile crisis, Berlin and contingency plans press attention to Haig. Nowadays, Haig could operate largely on their own. Chip —they involved miniscule escalation. Do says this of Truscott: "This is a young fel- Bohlen was that kind of guy, too. the minimum necessary during confronta- low who suffered a number of problems of "They were highly independent, self-as- tions to minimize a nuclear holocaust— alienation. I wouldn't presume to know sured, competent, and became the focal that was the thinking. You never applied why. I didn't know the young man that point of policy in that part of the world. one iota of force. I was against this. It pro- well. He was separated for cause from the They were able to operate with a degree of vided incentive to the other side to up the military (subsequently) for a number of rea- independence no longer acceptable. Faster ante. I had a serious problem with it. It sons. The article didn't embarrass me be- communications and public coxnmunica- gave me gas pains." cause except for a few factual things, it was dons—the press—changed all this. It's a totally incorrect. I didn't know what he worrisome phenomenon to me. It's more was talking about." difficult for our system to produce this ut this was about the time Califano When Haig arrived in the White House kind of guy, or for him to survive. But it intercepted him and Haig had to in January, 1969, as Senior Military Ad- took a MacArthur to fashion a whole new Bkeep his gas pains to himself. He viser to the President, he was a colonel, democratic society out of Japan's feudal- begged to go to Vietnam, but Califano kept and his role was then considered only nom- ism, emperor worship, war lords and text- him one extra year. Haig arrived out there inal. The job had already been offered to book democracy. in 1965, served with an infantry division, Alexander Butterfield, also with a first-rate "I learned a lot out there. Some of the and then commanded an infantry battal- military background (Butterfield, with decisions made by Truman in the Korean ion. He won the Distinguished Service military correctness, is the one who testi- conflict gave me gas pains. But he was one Cross for his effort in the Battle of Au Gap, fied that President Nixon's conversations of our gieatest Presidents. I always had an became a lieutenant colonel and took com- had been taped for years, thus creating a interest in history from the standpoint of mand of a brigade before coming home in still raging controversy). lessons to be drawn from human behav- 1967. The nominal job didn't make Al Haig, it ior." With battlefield action in two wars was the other way around. He was fired Haig was spotted as one of the risers and behind him, Haig has this to say: "War with ambition, ability, and an enormous was dispatched to the appropriate round of shows me the essentiality of training disci- capacity for hard work. And he served un- schools—the Army and Naval war col- pline. Without it, there can be costly mis- der Dr. Kissinger who needs organization leges, and then to Georgetown University takes. War enhanced my perception of pro- like we all need air. It was Haig who kept for a master's degree in 1962. He devel- fessionalism. Those leaders who seek per- things in place, who stayed until 11 p.m. oped a strong interest in strategical consid- fection in time of peace provide an incalcu- or midnight, when Henry had to be off erations in foreign policy, and still loves to able benefit in combat situations. That somewhere, who came in regularly on Sat- talk about it. takes a sense of drive and push in a peace- urdays and Sundays, even devoting hours "We shifted from massive retaliation to time environment and that's hard. The Continued on page 31