DOCSLIB.ORG

Hoyt S. Vandenberg, the Life of a General N/A 5B

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hoyt S. Vandenberg, the Life of a General N/A 5B 20050429 031 PAGE Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION OMB No. 0704-0188 The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, igathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports 1(0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. t. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 2000 na/ 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Hoyt S. Vandenberg, the life of a general n/a 5b. GRANT NUMBER n/a 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER n/a 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Meilinger, Phillip S n/a 5e. TASK NUMBER n/a 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER n/a 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER Air Force History Support Office 3 Brookley Avenue Box 94 n/a Boiling AFB DC 20032-5000 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) n/a n/a 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) n/a 12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES n/a 14. ABSTRACT 15. SUBJECT TERMS 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE ABSTRACT OF Richard I. Wolf PAGES SU 1 9b. TELEPHONE NUMBER [include area codel UUUU279 202-404-2186 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8/98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 D1STB1BUTION STATEMENT A Release Approved for public Distribution Unlimited 9,.G PHILLIP S. MEILINGER Indiana Originally published by INDIANAPOLIS University BLOOMINGTON & Press New imprint by AIR FRCE PROGRAM 0 1989 by Phillip S. Meilinger All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without pennission in writing fromn the publisher. The Association of American University Presses' Resolution on Pernmissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition. MANUFACTURED IN TIlE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Meilinger, Phillip S., 1948- Hoyt S. Vandenberg, the life of a general. Bibliography: p. Includes index. I. Vandenberg, Hoyt Sanford, 1899-1954. 2. Generals -United States--Biography. 3. United States. Air Force-Biography. 4. United States-History, Military -2oth century. i. Title. E84 o. 5.V 3 6M 4 5 1989 355'.0092'4 [B] 88-45097 ISBN 0-253-32862-4 1 2 34 5 93 92 91 90 89 New imprint by the Air Force History and Museums Program, 2000 Preface ix Acknowledgments xi I The Learning Years I BEGINNINGS 1, SCHOOL FOR SOLDIERS 4, KICK THE TIRES AND LIGHT THE FIRES 10, IN QUEST OF A THEORY i6 II I The War for Europe 23 THE AIR STAFF 23, NORTH AFRICA 28, MISSION TO MOSCOW 35, LIBERATING FRANCE 40, THE NINTH AIR FORCE 50 III I Preparations for Command 62 THE ATOMIC STRIKE FORCE 62, SPY MASTER 66, UNIFICATION 78 IV I First Challenges 85 THE MAN 85, THE CHIEF 91, BERLIN 95, RESHAPING THE BOLT 102 V I War Plans and War Planes 121 STRATEGIC PLANNING 121, ROLES AND MISSIONS 125, MUTINY BETWEEN DECKS 128 VI I Economics and Atoms 139 THE BUDGET BATTLES 139, JOE I AND THE SUPER 150, ON THE EVE 157 VII I The War for Asia 160 THE ONSLAUGHT 160, THE CLOSE AIR SUPPORT CONTROVERSY 166, THE NEW WAR 172, THE OLD SOLDIER FADES AWAY 179, STALEMATE AND TERMINATION 183 VII I Twilight 190 FIRST WARNINGS 190, NSC-68 AND REARMAMENT 192, THE LAST BATTLE 195, DARKNESS 200, CONCLUSION 201 Illustrationsfollow page io8 Notes 207 Bibliography 259 Index 275 FOREWORD to the new imprint In this insightful consideration of Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg, Col. Phillip Meilinger has described the career of one of the major leaders of the United States Air Force. Born in 1899, General Vandenberg's career spanned the interwar years, World War II, the tumultuous postwar years, and the Korean War. Vandenberg served in a variety of important operational as well as staff posts, providing him with an ideal background for positions of great responsibility. In World War H, as chief of staff of the Twelfth Air Force, and then the Northwest African Strategic Air Force, Vandenberg directed crucial air campaigns. In early 1944, Major General Vandenberg went to Europe as deputy air commander-in-chief of the Allied Expeditionary Forces and commanding general of the American air component. Subsequently, as commanding general of the Ninth Air Force, he was involved in plan- ning the Normandy invasion. Late in the war, he returned to Army Air Forces head- quarters as assistant chief of the Air Staff. In this capacity, he played a leading role in organizing the postwar Air Force. After an interlude in 1946 as the first director of central intelligence for the Secretary of War, Vandenberg returned to Army Air Forces headquarters. In October 1947, he was appointed vice chief of staff of the newly independent United States Air Force and in April 1948, he succeeded Gen. Carl A. Spaatz as USAF chief of staff. As chief of staff, Vandenberg headed the fledgling Air Force during a critical, tumultuous period. Shortly after becoming chief, he played a leading role in the Air Force presentation during the hearings on "the Revolt of the Admirals." Vandenberg's own testimony became a key ingredient in the persuasive case made by the Air Force for supporting the strategy of nuclear deterrence. Moreover, Vandenberg made the decision in late 1948 that the Air Force would emphasize a buildup of its nuclear deter- rent forces. Concomitantly, Vandenberg was instrumental in bringing Gen. Curtis E. LeMay back from Europe to head the Strategic Air Command, thus initiating decades of SAC as the nation's premier nuclear deterrent force. In addition to fighting roles and missions battles and inaugurating the Air Force's era of nuclear deterrence, Vandenberg led the Air Force during the Korean War, a period when the Air Force's budget increased greatly. General Vandenberg had to balance needs dictated by the Korean conflict against the requirement to sustain the Air Force's strategic deterrent in order to counter the Soviet threat. As Colonel Meilinger emphasizes in this excellent study, General Hoyt S. Vandenberg was the Air Force's first Cold War leader and his leadership and vision set the standard for those who followed. RICHARD P. HALLION The Air Force Historian vii PREFACE General Hoyt S. Vandenberg, United States Air Force chief of staff from 1948 to 1953, played an important role in shaping military policy after 1945 and was a main participant in significant events of his time: unification of the armed forces and formation of an independent Air Force; the Berlin Airlift; the B- 361 Supercarrier controversy; the formation of the Strategic Air Command, the devel- opment of the hydrogen bomb, and the Korean War. After graduating from West Point in 1923, Vandenberg served as a fighter pilot for the next decade, becoming an outstanding flier and junior officer who was recognized as such throughout the Air Corps. In 1934, he began five years of educational assignments, which broadened his horizons and introduced him to the necessity of planning and sound staff work. During World War II, Vandenberg served on the Air Staff in Washington, D.C., as an air planner for the North African and Normandy invasions, as a diplo- mat in Moscow, as chief of staff for a major command, as deputy of another, and as commander of the Ninth Air Force-the largest tactical air unit in history. In the harsh difficulties of war, Vandenberg consistently showed his ability to adapt and persevere. While others were competent in staff, planning, or command posi- tions, he excelled at all three. At the conclusion of the European war, Vandenberg returned to the Air Staff, where he was instrumental in the foundation of the Strategic Air Command. Army Chief of Staff General Dwight D. Eisenhower then selected him as War Depart- ment intelligence chief. Vandenberg totally reorganized that function in a scant three months. His efforts were so remarkable that President Harry S. Truman appointed him as director of the Central Intelligence Group-forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency. After one year, Vandenberg returned to the Army Air Forces as deputy commander and was promoted to the rank of general-until then the second youngest American to achieve that rank. When the Air Force be- came independent in 1947, Vandenberg was its first vice chief, and upon the re- tirement of General Carl M. Spaatz the following year, Vandenberg became Air Force chief of staff. Emphasis in this book is on Vandenberg's tenure as chief of staff. His life to 1948 reveals basic character traits, his impressive personal qualities, and the rea- sons for his rapid advancement. After rising to chief, his career merges with the great events of the Truman presidency. In 1948, the United States was confronted by the Berlin Blockade.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • "•"Society Don to Sir Archibald Auldjo Beginning by BETTY BEALE Jamieson
    THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. C. B-7 Mrs. Austin Wed MONDAY. ArFIL IS. IBM In London • ••AAA . EXCLUSIVELY Mrs. Margretta Stroup Aus- tin, formerly of Georgetown, IgP YOURS was married Thursday in Lon- "•"Society don to Sir Archibald Auldjo beginning By BETTY BEALE Jamieson. M.C., K.B.E. Sunday, April 22 Lady Jamieson is. Informa- tion and Cultural Affairs Of- Visiting Canadian Navy Gen. Gruenther Tempted ; ficer in the American Embassy in London She is the daugh- on the occasion of our We will Open Olir doors ter of Mrs. Ner Wallace Starts Wave of Parties Press /or Truman Wedding Stroup of Bethesda and the 11,h Anniversary The story of Gen. Alfred women in journalism will stage sister of Dr. Russell Cartwright Canada's newest antisub- ship are sipping cocktails and for Sunday Dinners Gruenther’s resignation from a big to-do that evening at Stroup, pastor of ,the George- marine destroyer nestled into sampling hors d'oeuvres as guests of and Mrs. supreme command of NATO the Muehlebach Hotel which town Presbyterian Church. a Maine avenue pier this Ambassador • forces and also from the will draw Blevins Davis, Perle Heeney, the crew will be oc- . ,/ from 2 until 10 p.m. | , Sir Archibald Is a director morning, leading quite . nat- cupied with shaking the kinks Army begins with the Presi- Mesta, et al. Blevins will j of Robert Fleming. Invest- / urally in this Nation’s Capital their a /// dent’s heart attack last fall. give a reception Sunday after- ment Bankers, and was, until out of legs at USO Since so many of you hove asked heavy in the YWCA.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the Doolittle Tokyo Raider Association Papers (1947
    Guide to the Doolittle Tokyo Raider Association Papers (1947 - ) 26 linear feet Accession Number: 54-06 Collection Number: H54-06 Collection Dates: 1931 - Bulk Dates: 1942 - 2005 Prepared by Thomas J. Allen CITATION: The Doolittle Tokyo Raiders Association Papers, Box number, Folder number, History of Aviation Collection, Special Collections Department, McDermott Library, The University of Texas at Dallas. Special Collections Department McDermott Library, The University of Texas at Dallas Contents Historical Sketch ................................................................................................................. 3 Sources ................................................................................................................................ 3 Additional Sources .............................................................................................................. 3 Series Description ............................................................................................................... 4 Scope and Content Note...................................................................................................... 5 Collection Note ................................................................................................................... 8 Provenance Statement ......................................................................................................... 8 Literary Rights Statement ................................................................................................... 8 2
    [Show full text]
  • JCLD Fall 2020
    )$// 92/80(_,668( (GLWRULQ&KLHI 'U'RXJODV/LQGVD\/W&RO 5HW 86$) &(17(5)25&+$5$&7(5 /($'(56+,3'(9(/230(17 EDITORIAL STAFF: EDITORIAL BOARD: Center for Creative Leadership Dr. Douglas Lindsay, Lt Col (Ret), USAF Dr. David Altman, Editor in Chief Dr. Marvin Berkowitz, University of Missouri- St. Louis Dr. John Abbatiello, Col (Ret), USAF Book Review Editor Dr. Dana Born, Harvard University (Brig Gen, USAF, Retired) Dr. Stephen Randolph Dr. David Day, Claremont McKenna College Profiles in Leadership Editor Dr. Shannon French, Case Western Julie Imada Associate Editor & CCLD Strategic Dr. William Gardner, Texas Tech University Communications Chief Mr. Chad Hennings, Hennings Management Corp JCLD is published at the United States Air Mr. Max James, American Kiosk Management Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado. Articles in JCLD may be reproduced in whole Dr. Barbara Kellerman, Harvard University or in part without permission. A standard Dr. Robert Kelley, Carnegie Mellon University source credit line is required for each reprint or citation. Dr. Richard M. Lerner, Tufts University For information about the Journal of Character Ms. Cathy McClain, Association of Graduates and Leadership Development or the U.S. Air (Colonel, USAF, Retired) Force Academy’s Center for Character and Dr. Michael Mumford, University of Oklahoma Leadership Development or to be added to the Journal’s electronic subscription list, contact Dr. Gary Packard, University of Arizona (Brig Gen, us at: [email protected] USAF, Retired) Phone: 719-333-4904 Dr. George Reed, University of Colorado at The Journal of Character & Leadership Colorado Springs (Colonel, USA, Retired) Development The Center for Character & Leadership Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • OH-323) 482 Pgs
    Processed by: EWH LEE Date: 10-13-94 LEE, WILLIAM L. (OH-323) 482 pgs. OPEN Military associate of General Eisenhower; organizer of Philippine Air Force under Douglas MacArthur, 1935-38 Interview in 3 parts: Part I: 1-211; Part II: 212-368; Part III: 369-482 DESCRIPTION: [Interview is based on diary entries and is very informal. Mrs. Lee is present and makes occasional comments.] PART I: Identification of and comments about various figures and locations in film footage taken in the Philippines during the 1930's; flying training and equipment used at Camp Murphy; Jimmy Ord; building an airstrip; planes used for training; Lee's background (including early duty assignments; volunteering for assignment to the Philippines); organizing and developing the Philippine Air Unit of the constabulary (including Filipino officer assistants; Curtis Lambert; acquiring training aircraft); arrival of General Douglas MacArthur and staff (October 26, 1935); first meeting with Major Eisenhower (December 14, 1935); purpose of the constabulary; Lee's financial situation; building Camp Murphy (including problems; plans for the air unit; aircraft); Lee's interest in a squadron of airplanes for patrol of coastline vs. MacArthur's plan for seapatrol boats; Sid Huff; establishing the air unit (including determining the kind of airplanes needed; establishing physical standards for Filipino cadets; Jesus Villamor; standards of training; Lee's assessment of the success of Filipino student pilots); "Lefty" Parker, Lee, and Eisenhower's solo flight; early stages in formation
    [Show full text]
  • Kspreaj Vellow-Red Blend
    ** EVENING B-18 THE STAR. Washington, D. C. A District vote WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER IS. ISAS iclared. for Pres- Committee agreed last Monday ident and Vice President ¦ Veterans Urged to Unite would I to work, for the right to vote for Concerted not Change the balance in Con- presidential Drive and vice presidential gress and, consequently, would 1 electors. meet congressional Against Future Wars approval, he Mr. Lee said representatives of For Vote Urged added. both parties and other local United action against future The Israeli veterans’ leader j “I can't imagine opposition organizations wars by veterans of all lands A Board of will meet with the saw service in World War II in Trade committee developing in the District of [Boardj of Trade yesterday asked for committee at was advocated here by an Israeli a special Palestine unit of the a community , Columbia to voting like every- jthe next meeting, tentatively set visitor, himself a veteran of two British Army, first in the Suez effort to get the right to vote body else, for President and for November 19. wars. area and the North African for President and Vice Presi- Vice President,” said Mr. War- ner. an attorney. This Meir Bar Rav Hay, a 36-year- campaign, then in Italy as a dent for the people of Washing-; goal ton. lacks financial and technical jGruenther Reports old lawyer from Haifa, and a special unit in the American sth ! This aim was termed problems inherent m seeking member of the Army “practi- executive board under Gen. Mark Clark. cal politics” by Vinton E.
    [Show full text]
  • The National War College Marking 70 Years of Strategic Education
    National War College (Katie Freeman) The National War College Marking 70 Years of Strategic Education By Janet Breslin-Smith eventy years ago, a war-weary Soviet aggression shattered postwar Washington struggled with dreams of peace. With the dawn of S uncertainty and alarm. Exhausted 1946 we entered a new strategic era— after years of global conflict and still the bipolar struggle with the Soviet Dr. Janet Breslin-Smith was Chair of the carrying memories of the Great Depres- Union. Department of National Security Strategy at the National War College (NWC) and taught sion, America yearned for home and The Nation responded. Testifying to at the college from 1992 to 2006. She is prosperity. Yet barely 6 months after the resilience and creative pragmatism of co-author of The National War College: A victory in World War II, Washington American leadership, Washington’s alarm History of Strategic Thinking in Peace and War (NWC Association, 2008). She is President of faced troubling signs of danger ahead. and uncertainty soon were replaced by Crosswinds Strategic Consulting. A past ally was becoming a threat. productivity and accomplishment. Key JFQ 84, 1st Quarter 2017 Breslin-Smith 59 that year, these men developed the first “joint” evolution in professional military education—the Army-Navy Staff College, a 12-week program for selected officers for command and staff duty in unified or coordinated com- mands. This idea caught on and by 1944 there was growing support, not only for enhanced joint senior officer education but also for a larger institu- tional reorganization cutting across the Executive Branch.
    [Show full text]
  • Next Steps in the Military Uses of Space
    Mastering the Ultimate HighGround Next Steps in the Military Uses of Space Benjamin S. Lambeth Prepared for the United States Air Force R Project AIR FORCE Approved for public release; distrubution unlimited The research reported here was sponsored by the United States Air Force under Contract F49642-01-C-0003. Further information may be obtained from the Strategic Planning Division, Directorate of Plans, Hq USAF. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lambeth, Benjamin S. Mastering the ultimate high ground : next steps in the military uses of space / Benjamin S. Lambeth. p. cm. “MR-1649.” Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8330-3330-1 (pbk.) 1. Astronautics, Military—United States. 2. United States. Air Force. 3. United States—Military policy. I. Rand Corporation. II.Title. UG1523.L35 2003 358'.8'0973—dc21 2002155704 RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND® is a registered trademark. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of its research sponsors. © Copyright 2003 RAND All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from RAND. Published 2003 by RAND 1700 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202-5050 201 North Craig Street, Suite 202, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-1516 RAND URL: http://www.rand.org/ To order RAND documents or to obtain additional information, contact Distribution Services: Telephone: (310) 451-7002; Fax: (310) 451-6915; Email: [email protected] PREFACE This study assesses the military space challenges facing the Air Force and the nation in light of the watershed findings and recom- mendations of the congressionally mandated Space Commission that were released in January 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • [Confirmation Lb713 Lb730 Lb738 Lb797]
    Transcript Prepared By the Clerk of the Legislature Transcriber's Office Health and Human Services Committee January 23, 2008 [CONFIRMATION LB713 LB730 LB738 LB797] The Committee on Health and Human Services met at 1:30 p.m. on Wednesday, January 23, 2008, in Room 1510 of the State Capitol, Lincoln, Nebraska, for the purpose of conducting a public hearing on gubernatorial appointments, LB713, LB730, LB738, and LB797. Senators present: Joel Johnson, Chairperson; Tim Gay, Vice Chairperson; Philip Erdman; Tom Hansen; Gwen Howard; Dave Pankonin; and Arnie Stuthman. Senators absent: None. [] SENATOR JOHNSON: Thanks very much. Well, let's go ahead and start here this afternoon. I'm Senator Joel Johnson, head of the Health and Human Services Committee, and I don't know whether it was an accident or not, but someone put on my desk up here happy retirement," and this is the last go-round for a few of us around this table. But let's make it a real good session and try and make the world a little bit better for our having been here. Senator Gay, to my right here, is the Vice Chair; beyond him is Senator Pankonin; and then starting off to the left is Senator Howard, Senator Hansen, and Senator Stuthman. We've got Erin Mack and Jeff with us here, who serve as our counsel. And one of the things that we have heard from many people is that we have the best office staff in the building, and I think that's exactly right. So with that, let's go through a few of our ground rules, and they're the same ones as we had before.
    [Show full text]
  • THE OLD BOYS the American Elite and the Origins of the CIA
    THE OLD B OYS The American Elite and the Origins of the CIA BURTON HERSH Expanded, unexpurgated, and with an updated preface INTRODUCTION THE OLD BOYS The American Elite and the Origins of the CIA In 1961 I was a kid attempting to break into magazine free-lancing. The Bay of Pigs debacle had barely overtaken the Kennedy administration, and through a well-intentioned friend I finagled an audience with the highly regarded progressive Carey McWilliams, long since the rock and senior brain around The Nation of that era. McWilliams’s editorial office was small, I remember, with an ink-blotched, chipped-up desk that looked as if it had been dragged into an alley behind some principal’s office somewhere and rescued by liberals from the Department of Sani- tation. The plaster was grey, and crazed into cracks in a great many places, and smeared with a formless crescent behind where McWilliams tilted back his creaky oak chair and impatiently rubbed his scalp against the wall while hashing up story ideas. Amidst all this atmosphere, McWilliams came right to the point. What with the end of the Eisenhower administration and the Cuban misadventure, the CIA was accessible for the first time. The moment was ripe to dig out a full-length exposé of the Agency, until recently seemingly untouchable. The Allen Dulles era was mani- festly at an end. How about starting in for the magazine with that assignment? There could be no guarantee, but the magazine would probably pay expenses up to thirty dollars. At that time of my life I had no experience of any kind with investigative jour- nalism, a single friend with a couch in the entire D.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Uni International 300 N
    INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “ Missing Page(s)” . If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfihn master. UMI fihns the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter 6ce, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 A PEOPLE^S AIR FORCE: AIR POWER AND AMERICAN POPULAR CULTURE, 1945 -1965 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Steven Charles Call, M.A, M S.
    [Show full text]
  • 1909-11 American Tobacco Company T206 White Border Baseball
    The Trading Card Database https://www.tradingcarddb.com 1909-11 American Tobacco Company T206 White Border Baseball NNO Ed Abbaticchio NNO John Butler NNO Mike Donlin NNO Clark Griffith NNO Ed Abbaticchio NNO Bobby Byrne NNO Mike Donlin NNO Moose Grimshaw NNO Fred Abbott NNO Howie Camnitz NNO Mike Donlin NNO Bob Groom NNO Bill Abstein NNO Howie Camnitz NNO Jiggs Donahue NNO Tom Guiheen NNO Doc Adkins NNO Howie Camnitz NNO Wild Bill Donovan NNO Ed Hahn NNO Whitey Alperman NNO Billy Campbell NNO Wild Bill Donovan NNO Bob Hall NNO Red Ames NNO Scoops Carey NNO Red Dooin NNO Bill Hallman NNO Red Ames NNO Charley Carr NNO Mickey Doolan NNO Jack Hannifin UER NNO Red Ames NNO Bill Carrigan NNO Mickey Doolan NNO Bill Hart NNO John Anderson NNO Doc Casey NNO Mickey Doolan NNO Jimmy Hart NNO Frank Arellanes NNO Peter Cassidy NNO Gus Dorner NNO Topsy Hartsel NNO Harry Armbruster NNO Frank Chance NNO Patsy Dougherty NNO Jack Hayden NNO Harry Arndt NNO Frank Chance NNO Patsy Dougherty NNO J. Ross Helm NNO Jake Atz NNO Frank Chance NNO Tom Downey NNO Charlie Hemphill NNO Home Run Baker NNO Bill Chappelle NNO Tom Downey NNO Buck Herzog NNO Neal Ball NNO Chappie Charles NNO Jerry Downs NNO Buck Herzog NNO Neal Ball NNO Hal Chase NNO Joe Doyle NNO Gordon Hickman NNO Jap Barbeau NNO Hal Chase NNO Joe Doyle NNO Bill Hinchman NNO Cy Barger NNO Hal Chase NNO Larry Doyle NNO Harry Hinchman NNO Jack Barry NNO Hal Chase NNO Larry Doyle NNO Dick Hoblitzell NNO Shad Barry NNO Hal Chase NNO Larry Doyle NNO Danny Hoffman NNO Jack Bastian NNO Jack Chesbro NNO Jean Dubuc NNO Izzy Hoffman NNO Emil Batch NNO Eddie Cicotte NNO Hugh Duffy NNO Solly Hofman NNO Johnny Bates NNO Bill Clancy NNO Jack Dunn NNO Buck Hooker NNO Harry Bay NNO Josh Clarke UER NNO Joe Dunn NNO Del Howard NNO Ginger Beaumont NNO Fred Clarke NNO Bull Durham NNO Ernie Howard NNO Fred Beck NNO Fred Clarke NNO Jimmy Dygert NNO Harry Howell NNO Beals Becker NNO J.
    [Show full text]