Northern Rural Infrastructure Development Sector Project

Environmental and Social Monitoring Report

July 2013

Lao Peoples Democratic Republic: Northern Rural Infrastructure Development Sector Project

Prepared by the Faculty of Environmental Sciences, National University of Laos, for the Lao People’s Democratic Republic and the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental and social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

NORTHERN RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT SECTOR PROJECT

SAFEGUARD MONITORING OF PACKAGE 7-1 FOR YEAR 2013

Final Draft

Prepared by: Faculty of Environmental Sciences National University of Laos

July 2013

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

Contents Executive Summary ...... i 1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Background of the Project ...... 1 1.2 Purpose of Monitoring Report ...... 1 1.3 Methodology and strategy ...... 2 2 Project Description ...... 4 2.1 Hong Kong Irrigation Subproject ...... 4 2.2 Nam Ma Oune Irrigation Subproject ...... 4 2.3 Nam Dai Irrigation Subproject ...... 4 2.4 Nam Ou Irrigation Subproject ...... 4 2.5 Mong Chao-Komaen Road Subproject ...... 5 2.6 Namlan Irrigation Subproject ...... 5 2.7 Nam Haad irrigation project ...... 5 2.8 Namtin Irrigation Subproject ...... 6 2.9 Houayxo Irrigation Subproject...... 6 3 Project Organization and Environmental and Social Management Team- Responsibilities ...... 8 3.1 Institutional Arrangement of Project ...... 8 3.2 Organizational Structure for the Environmental and Social Safeguard ...... 8 3.3 Role and Responsibility of Environmental and Social Managmeent Team ...... 9 4 Results of Environmental Monitoring ...... 11 4.1 Environmental Compliace Status for Subprojects and Progressive Activities ...... 11 4.2 Progress of Civil Works ...... 11 4.3 Enviornmental Permits/Clearance ...... 11 4.4 Institutional Arrangement for Environmental Management and Monitoring ...... 12 4.5 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure ...... 12 4.6 Environmental Compliance Status ...... 12 4.7 Water Quality Monitirong ...... 20 4.8 Complaints ...... 23 4.9 Environmental Enhanchment Works ...... 24 5 Summary and Progress on Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Compensation (LARC), Ethnic Group Development Plans (EGDPs) and Gender Action Plans (GAPs) ...... 25 5.1 Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Commpensation (LARC) ...... 25 5.2 Ethnic Group Development Plan (EGDPs) and Gender Action Plans (GAPs) ...... 32 Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

5.3 Community Development ...... 35 5.4 Employment:...... 36 6 Capacity Enhancement for the PPOs, DCOs and Project Beneficiaries ...... 37 7 Conclusion, Follow up Actions and Recommendation ...... 38 7.1 Conclusion ...... 38 7.2 Recommendation ...... 38 7.3 Follow up Actions of Monitoring Team ...... 39 7.4 ADB Comments on the RPs and LACs ...... 39

Figures Figure 2-1 Map of the project location ...... 7 Figure 4-1 Photos of status of earth material management ...... 13 Figure 4-2 Photos of condition of construction camp ...... 14 Figure 4-3 Photos of chemical/hazardous materials storage ...... 15 Figure 4-4 Photos of Material dumping ...... 16 Figure 4-5 Photos of construction camp condition ...... 17 Figure 4-6 Photos of earth material management ...... 18 Figure 4-7 Photos of construction camp and earth material management ...... 19 Figure 5-1: Photos of APs Interviews and meetings with village authorities, DCOs and PPOs in subprojects ...... 31 Figure 5-2 group discussion with female groups on gender issues ...... 35 Figure 5-3 poutry raising and one-straw rice cultivation (pilot projects) ...... 36

Tables

Table 3-1 Representatives of the grievance and resettlement committee at provincial and district levels ...... 9 Table 4-1 Subprojects' progress of construction ...... 11 Table 4-2 Water sample analysis results...... 21 Table 4-3 Interpretation of water analysis results ...... 23 Table 5-1 Information on Land Acquisition, Resettlement and compensation ...... 26 Table 5-2 Composition of ethnicity in subprojects ...... 32 Table 5-3 Information of female-headed households ...... 34

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Annex

Annex1: Water quality analysis results...... 40 Annex 2: Pictures of water sampling and field testing kits use...... 43

Annex 3: Agreement between Contractor and village authorities on employment of local people for Nam Dai subproject...... 44 Annex 4: Agreement between village authorities and Contractor on Remediation of the disturbed land from construction activities for Nam Dai subproject...... 45 Annex 5: sample of the signed compensation and entitlement form received from PPO...... 46

Annex 6: Minutes of the meetings during monitoring in 3 province...... 47

Annex 7: Environmental and social related issues checklists...... 61

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Acronyms

ADB Asian Development Bank AH Affected Household AP Affected Person DAFO District Agriculture and Forest Office DBST Double Bitumen Surface Treatment CEF Compensation Entitlement Form CC Construction Contractor DCO District Coordination Office DD Detail Design DMF Design and Monitoring Framework DLMA District and Management Authority DAFOs District Agriculture and Forestry Offices EA Executing Agency EGDPs Ethnic Group Development Plans EMO Environmental Management Office EMP Environmental Management Plan FS Feasibility Study GAPs Gender Action Plans GICs Grant Implementation Consultants IEE Initial Environmental Examination IPPs Indigenous Peoples Plan (LARC) Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Compensation LFNC Lao Front for National Construction LMC Left Main Canal LPDR Lao People’s Democratic Republic LWU Lao PDR Women Union MC Main Canal MAF Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment NPMO National Project Management Office NRIDSP Northern Rural Infrastructure Development Sector Project NSC National Steering Committee PAFO Provincial Agriculture and Forest Office PMU Project Management Unit PPO Provincial Project Office PSC Project Steering Committee RAPs Resettlement Action Plans RMC Right Main Canal RPs Resettlement Plans SIA Social Impact Assessment TOT Training of the Trainer WU Women Union, WUGs Water user Groups

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Executive Summary

A. Background

The Northern Rural Infrastructure Development Sector Project (NRIDSP) has been implemented in four (4) provinces of Bokeo, Luang Namtha, Phongsaly and Oudomxai since its practical commencement with the fielding of GICs in August 2012. The Project aims at enhancing rural inhabitants’ access to and participation in the market economy to improve food security and livelihoods The NRISDP has four main outputs: (1) production and productivity enhancing rural infrastructure constructed and/or rehabilitated; (2) productivity and beneficial impact enhancing initiatives adopted; (3) capacities of national, provincial and district agencies strengthened to enable a sector development approach; and (4) efficient and effective delivery of subprojects and Project management. there are 9 subprojects of year 1, in 9 districts of three provinces of Bokeo, Luang Namtha and Phongsaly. However; There are only 3 subproject have been started for the construction works during the first field monitoring. With full implementation of environmental and social safeguard adoption (IEE, EGDPs, RAPs GAPs) of the project, the consultants of the Consultanting company have the important role to supervise the monitoring and procedure of implementing mitigation measures of the contractor during the construction stage and submit the environmental and social report to PMU and ADB. The main purpose of the first safeguard monitoring mission is to follow up the implementation progress of the EMP, EGPs, GAPs, RAPs; in particular for the 3 subprojects which have been started for construction. The methodologies applied for the monitoring and evaluation consist of screening of environmental and social reports of GIC, site monitoring (interviewing the AHs using checklists, sobservation, water sampling and analysis), discussing with GIC's Consultant team, consulting with relevant stakeholders e.g. PPOs, DCO and village levels and interviewing the Contractors' site engineers. B. Organizational Structure for the Environmental and Social Safeguard In addition to the Steering committees at provincial and district levels established in 2010, the Committees of different roles for grievance have been formed at levels (province, district and village/community) during 2011-2012. The key roles of the committees are to coordinate and mitigate the negative impacts on environment, land acquisition and compensation, socio- economic, culture and livelihood of the communities; which would be caused by subprojects' activities. This is to ensure the compliance with ADB policy and relevant Lao PDR's regulations regarding the environmental and social safeguards. A project Environmental Management Office (EMO) or its equivalent within the PPO with the assistance of the DCO have been established in coordination with line office; in particularly with environmental sector. This is to ensure long-term institutional capacity building, it is recommended that the staff of the EMO be drawn from the permanent full-time staff of the executing agency. At village/community level, the grievance committee have been set up by district governor to ensure that all the concerned matters regarding the compliant on land acquisition and resettlement, engagement of the ethnic minority groups are basically resolved at village level..

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The committee at the village/community level comprises of the representatives from village office, village security, village defence, Lao youth, LWU and LFNC. C. Results of Environmental Monitoring The field monitoring was undertaken from 27 April to 11 May 2013 in 9 subproject sites by Independent safeguard monitoring team in coordination with GIC Consultant, PPOs DCOs and village authorities in each subproject. The monitoring was conducted with details in 3 subprojects because other 6 subprojects have not been yet started for the construction works. Requirements of environmental permits/clearance: the IEE including EMP for subprojects have been drafted in 2012 and submitted to Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) for review and consideration in order to issue the Environmental Certification for the subprojects. They are now on process of reviewed prior approval from MONRE. Public participation: during the monitoring it was confirmed by PPO, DCO, village authorities and villagers that the public consultation workshops were undertaken at different stage IEE study process. Implementation of EMP and compliance: in general, the environmental management in the construction site and temporary worker camps has been implemented and quite acceptable during the site visit because no issues of waste (except for empty drums and tyres), no potential dust and noise nuisance, no blockage of irrigation water use, no serious biological disturbance reported and observed. There was no hazardous/chemical spillage/leakage observed. the main environmental issue observed during the site visit is silt and erosion of spoils and disturbed area; particularly for the Mongchao-Komaen road and Nam Haad subproject but it is not serious as it was early wet season. Water quality monitoring: as indicated in the EMP, the water quality monitoring was undertaken during the first field monitoring. The samples were collected both at upstream and downstream of each subproject; accepting for the Mongchao-Komaen subproject. The results shows that there are no any indications of impact caused by construction activities (particularly these subprojects where the construction works have been started). D. Social Aspects: Land acquisition, resettlement and compensation: Based on the provided FS, the Resettlement and compensation implementation methodologies and measures for the land acquisition in all subprojects were carried out, in accordance with relevant Lao regulations and ADB policy, through the involvement of the stakeholders e.g. APs, beneficiary groups, committees at the village level, DCOs and PPO. Based on the review of the LARC from the FS, most of the asset loss from the rehabilitation of the infrastructures are: agriculture land, tree plantations, trees and structures, no vulnerable people or minority groups of people lose opportunity and there was no resettlement or relocation of the primary or secondary structures. The APs in the subprojects where the land acquisition and loss of trees were taken place optimistically assumed that the loss are small with About 1.1% (Nam Dai) and 1.4% of APs' productive land, Loss of land (1.4% of APs total area cultivated) for Houay Xo subproject, loss of land of about 2,8 has and 605 trees in the Nam Haad subproject area. However; they are happy and voluntarily donated the land or trees as they need to have improved infrastructures. Ethnic group development plan (EGDP): it is found that even though the combination and populations of the ethnic groups are varied, but implementation activities and methodologies used in all subprojects are very similar and the results of the checklists during the site visit show

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that the ethnic people in each subproject responded to the questions with very similar answers; in particularly for subprojects being constructed. The EGDP is the considered as important part in the project which can be seen through the project documents, engagement of the ethnic people in the activities with strong encouragement from the project, training on the role of the ethnic groups and supporting the livelihood improvement of ethnic group of people through the project implementation. The project's beneficiaries (priority for ethnic group representatives and gender balance) have been demonstrated by the DCOs and PPOs through the pilot "System of Rice Intensification (SRI)", crops cultivation and poultry raising. Gender Action Plans (GAPs): It is found that the project puts strong support on the project planning and implementation activities. From the results female group discussion and discussion with village authorities, it was confirmed that the women have been strongly encouraged to engage in the project activities and the project has targeted to achieve:  At least 60 % of women included in training on marketing and financial / budget management  30% representation of women in WUG Executive Committee  30% representation of women in WUG Executive Committee  30% female employment in construction/rehabilitation works. Equal pay for women and men for work of equal type

E. Community development and capacity building Based on the provided reports and results of the meeting and interviews during the safeguard monitoring mission, the team found that various activities concerning community development have been implemented based on the development and action plans of the project. The activities mainly focused on vulnerable people. For example the indigenous people, female- head households, landless families and other vulnerable people. The (pilot) programs which have been implemented through the training and demonstration in subprojects are: - The trainings on general knowledge and awareness campaign on 4 Topics (HIV/AIDS/STI prevention, Sanitation and Hygiene, Basic Knowledge for Gender Development, and the Risk of Chemical use for Agricultural Production - The training on marketings and financial management conducted by PPOs and DCOs - Poultry raising - Pilot projects for demonstrations of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in subprojects of Nam Haad, Nam Dai, Hongkong, Huay Xo - Establishment of Water user groups and road maintenance commitee

iii

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1 Introduction

1.1 Background of the Project

Within 27 subprojects, there are 9 subprojects are scheduled for implementation for year 1 which outline below: (1) Construction of three (3) representative subprojects of 1st batch, Year 1 subprojects; which include: Mongchao-Koman road development, Namdai Irrigation and Nam Haad Irrigation Subprojects. (2) Detailed designs of six (6) subprojects of 2nd batch, Year 1 subprojects; which include: Nam Tin Irrigation, Houay Xo Irrigation, Nam Ma Oune Irrigation, Hong Kong Irrigation, Nam Lan Irrigation, Nam Ou Irrigation (Feasibility study: Nippon Koei Co., Ltd; 2012).

The NRISDP has four main outputs: (1) production and productivity enhancing rural infrastructure constructed and/or rehabilitated; (2) productivity and beneficial impact enhancing initiatives adopted; (3) capacities of national, provincial and district agencies strengthened to enable a sector development approach; and (4) efficient and effective delivery of subprojects and Project management. there are 9 subprojects of year 1, in 9 districts of three provinces of Bokeo, Luang Namtha and Phongsaly.

1.2 Purpose of Monitoring Report

With full implementation of environmental and social safeguard adoption (IEE, EGDPs, RAPs GAPs) of the project, the consultants of the Consulting company have the important role to

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supervise the monitoring and procedure of implementing mitigation measures of the contractor during the construction stage and submit the environmental and social report to PMU and ADB. The first environmental and social monitoring report is to follow up the implementation progress of the EMP, EGPs, GAPs, RAPs; in particular for the 3 subprojects which have been started for construction. Provision of initial guidance and instruction will be prepared for the contractor and will recommend the PPOs, DCO and village authorities to implement the mitigation measures stated in the EMP and other plans.

1.3 Methodology and strategy

Main approaches applied for this monitoring include (1) screening/review of the environmental and social reports; parts of Feasibility Studies (FS) of each subproject; which conducted by the GIC consultants, (2) site visit for field monitoring, (3) discussions with GIC's associated consultants and (4) consults with relevant stakeholders e.g. PPOs, DCO and village levels as well as concerned households.

 Screening of environmental and social reports of GIC: results of environmental mitigation measures performed, land acquisition and compensation resolved, gender action implemented, ethnic monority groups and vulnerable people supported and find out compliance with the EMP in IEE reports, Gender action plans (GAPs), Ethnic Group Development plans (EGDPs), and Land acquisition and resettlement plans (RAPs). see annex 6 relevant checklist

 Site monitoring: use of environmental monitoring checklist (see Annex 5), water testing equipment with location positioning (see section 4.7) and visualization. All the visualized items were well recorded and photographed to proof the situation on site.

 Discussions with GIC's Consultant team: regular coordination for clarification and advice on the progress of project activities, documents and administration.  Consults with relevant stakeholders e.g. PPOs, DCO and village levels: interviewing and consulting with relevant officers at different levels. The minutes of the meeting are presented in the annex 6; including affected persons (APs) to hear and understand the facts from them through verbal approach and monitoring sheets.  Interviewing the Contractors' site engineers of 3 subprojects which are being constructed)

1.4 Scope of Study The main task of Safeguards Monitoring is to focus on assessing progress and compliance with the EMPs, the EGDPs, the GAPs, and the RPs, identifying constraints and developing remedial actions to effectively address theses. The scope of works for Package-7-1 is summarized below:

1) To review the feasibility study reports of 9 subprojects of Year 1:

The feasibility reports include the annexes of i) Social Impact Assessment (the EGDPs, or IPPs and the GAPs), ii) Initial Environmental Examination (the EMPs), and iii) Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan (the RPs).

2) To review the participation and disclosure:

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The SMEs assessed the adequacy of: i) process such as participation, consultation, grievance resolution, ii) integration of gender and vulnerable groups and ethnic minority into planning and implementation of activities; and iii) mitigation of environmental impacts with respect to the EGDPs, GAPs, EMPs and RPs.

3) To develop a monitoring and assessment plan:

The SMEs developed a first monitoring and assessment plan responding to the scope of works outlined in these terms of reference including the detailed field survey plan.

4) To conduct field monitoring survey:

The SMEs conducted first field monitoring survey according to the monitoring plan by interviewing the concerned households as well as the project staff of PPOs and DCOs visiting 9 subproject sites.

5) To assess the attainment and sustainability as defined in the EGDPs, GAPs, EMPs and RPs. Particularly, on environmental issues, the SMEs provided recommendations for any organizational or methodological improvements with an aim to ensuring the sustainability of the government’s internal capacity of environmental monitoring.

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2 Project Description

2.1 Hong Kong Irrigation Subproject Hongkong subproject is located in the District of Luang Namtha, Luang Namtha Province. The scheme is approximately 4km at an approximate heading of 314 degrees north- west of Luang Namtha Provincial capital by road (Figure 2-1). Hong Kong is an existing scheme that diverts water from the Nam Gneane river to Hong Kong channel with four existing weirs on Hong Kong channel; The subproject covers three villages of B. Nam Gneane, B. Khone, and B. Luang with total of 936 households and a population of 5,196. Hong Kong is an irrigation canal covering a total of 155 ha (Feasibility study: Nippon Koei Co., Ltd; 2012).

2.2 Nam Ma Oune Irrigation Subproject It is located in the District of Long, Luang Namtha Province. The scheme is approximately 42km as the crow flies at an approximate bearing of 285 degrees to the north-west of Luang Namtha Provincial capital. By road the scheme is 77km from the provincial capital and 24km from the district capital of Long. Nam Ma Oune is an existing weir irrigation system with an existing reinforced concrete weir of 24m crest length and 2.3m in height which was commissioned in 2003. It is located on the Ma Oune River at the confluence with Ma Yen River. Existing main canal length is 2, 000 m. Existing command area is 105 ha in the wet season. The dimension of the existing earth m ain canal is 0.70 m of the bottom width, 1.30 m of the top width and 1.2 m of the height. The main canal appears good condition. According the beneficiary farmers, maintenance of the canals are carried out twice per year through cleaning and clearance of vegetation. The subproject covers the village of Ban Thad with 67 households and a population of 315 people (Feasibility study: Nippon Koei Co., Ltd; 2012).

2.3 Nam Dai Irrigation Subproject It is Located in Sing district; Luang Namtha province. It is comprised of three discrete investments that involve two irrigation rehabilitations and the upgrading of one rural access road. The two irrigation schemes - Nam Dai V and VI are existing schemes that currently provide wet season irrigation (finishing water) to 128 ha. With the rehabilitation, an additional 29 ha can be irrigated. The investment involves the replacement of two existing temporary weirs with permanent concrete structures together with associated delivery canals. In addition, the subproject will rehabilitate 2.8 km of gravel surfaced access road to facilitate delivery of production inputs. This subproject will benefit to 3 villages as: Namkeo Luang, Siri Huang and Yang Phieng with total 311 households and population of 1,496 people (Feasibility study: Nippon Koei Co., Ltd; 2012).

2.4 Nam Ou Irrigation Subproject This project is an existing weir type scheme with an existing reinforced concrete weir with 48 m crest length and 3m in height which was commissioned in 2000 and currently in good condition. The system has one intake gate at the left bank followed by Main Canal (MC) with 1,715 m long, is then further divided in to two (2) main canals, Right Main Canal (RMC) with 2,603 m long and Left Main Canal (LMC) with 3,622 m long. The total command area is 440 ha consisting of 117 ha of the right bank command area and 263 ha of the left bank command area. The subproject covers six villages of B. Loum, B. Kad, B. Tai, B. Theung, B. Phouxang

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and B. Somxay in Nhot-Ou district; Phongsaly province with 844 households and a population of 4,314 people (Feasibility study: Nippon Koei Co., Ltd; 2012)

2.5 Mong Chao-Komaen Road Subproject It is located in Phongsaly district. The aim of the subproject is to rehabilitate approximate 13.5 km long road; which comprises of the combination of gravel and sealed surfaces. The gravel surfaced road (7.8 km in length) will be 4.5 m in width (including two, 0.5 m shoulders) with surface and longitudinal drainage structures as required. The sealed surface (5.7 km in length) will be undertaken where the alignment passes through villages and in sections with steeper gradients as well as in areas with identified problems. It will have a 3.5 m wide double bitumen surface treatment (DBST) to minimize the maintenance requirements and maintain functionality of the alignment given the more extreme limatic conditions experienced in the north. The road continues on to Phongsaek en route through Phagnasy. This latter section is not part of the subproject. The project will serve with improved road for 8 villages with 488 households and 2,174 residents; six of these are located alongside the road with the remaining two, Namleng and Kodaeng relying on access tracks to the road of approximately 3 km distance (Feasibility study: Nippon Koei Co., Ltd; 2012).

2.6 Namlan Irrigation Subproject

This subproject is located in the district of Bountai, Phongsaly Province. The scheme is approximately 37km as the crow flies at an approximate bearing of 199 degrees to the south - west of Phongsaly’s current provincial capital. By road the scheme is 92km from the provincial capital and 4.5km from the district capital of Bountai. It is 48 km away from the China border. The existing Nam Lan scheme is a weir irrigation system with a total command area of 34 ha covered by a main canal of 2,750 m long. The concrete weir is 1.8m in height, with a crest length of 43m. The weir was first commissioned in 2008. The district authorities together with the Nawai villagers propose to extend the canal about 1 km crossing the village road to the existing paddy area of another 48 ha. Thus, Nam Lan irrigation system will have a total command area of 82 ha, some main canal sections have already been excavated by the farmers. The water source is Nam Lan river and the existing weir can b e reached by a 2.0 km walk along the main canal from the village road of Ban Nawai. The subproject covers only one village of B. Nawai with 165 households and a population of 822.

2.7 Nam Haad irrigation project The subproject is located in Phaoudom district; Bokeo province. The subproject involves the replacement of a temporary wooden structure (weir) with a concrete reservoir wall of approximately 5m high to retain wet season flows within a small reservoir. This water will be used for downstream irrigation of an existing 90 ha irrigated area and for the development of an additional 60 ha of land suitable for paddy development (already cleared and under seasonal production) on the right bank of the Nam Haad River. The subproject will involve the relocation and construction of the main delivery canal and associated water management structures together with the construction of secondary canals in the incremental areas. The subproject beneficiaries reside in the four villages of Phonexay, Pha Oudom, Thinh Keo, and Phiengkham with approximately 1.5 km separating the most westerly village Phonexay from the most easterly, Phiengkham. The subproject will impact a total of 617 households and 3,303 persons in four villages.

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2.8 Namtin Irrigation Subproject Nam Tin Irrigation Subproject is located in the District of Houayxai, Bokeo Province. The scheme is approximately 15km east of Bokeo Provincial Center as the crow flies and approximately 34km by road. Nam Tin is an existing reservoir scheme with a total of 8.29x106 m3 of active storage capacity that was commissioned in May 2001. The scheme comprises of a 15m-high earth dam, 560m in length and 6m-wide crest. The existing system has two intake gates to control intake flow of water to Right Main Canal (RMC) and to Left Main Canal (LMC), respectively. The original design of the system has a total of 760ha of the command area, among which 450 ha is covered by RMC with a total length of 7.4km, and 310 ha is covered by LMC with a total length of 5.0km. The right bank command area (450ha) is further divided into 15 secondary blocks by 15 secondary canals with a total length of 6.6km. The left bank command area (310 ha) is further divided into 8 secondary blocks by 8 secondary canals. The subproject covers seven villages of Houayxai Noi, Xaichalern, Fai, Nam Pouk, Phonxay, Phonsavang, and Phouvane Tai with total of 1,558 households and a population of 9,084

2.9 Houayxo Irrigation Subproject

Houay Xo Irrigation Subproject is located in the District of Paktha, Bokeo Province. It is on the western bank of the Mekong and is only accessible by boat crossing. Direct land access is available only through the Thai border, which is about 37km from the subproject area. From Paktha District Center, access is through a 35 km boat ride followed by a 10km -drive along an all- weather dirt road. There are seven (7) existing wooden/stone weirs presently used along the Houay Xo river covering a total of 92 ha in three (3) villages of Ban Dong, Ban Pangsa and Ban Pakxo. Among seven (7) weirs, three (3) weirs cover 34 ha in Ban Dong, two (2) weirs cover 25 ha in Ban Pangsa, and two (2) weirs cover 33 ha in Ban Pakxo in the wet season, respectively. The subproject covers three villages of Ban Dong, Ban Pangsa and Ban Pakxo with total of 258 households and a population of 1,182.

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Figure 2-2 Map of the project location Cement bags

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3 Project Organization and Environmental and Social Management Team-Responsibilities

3.1 Institutional Arrangement of Project To ensure inter- agency cooperation at the national level, a National Steering Committee (NSC) has been established. The NSC will meet annually or as required to review overall implementation progress, approve annual work- plans and budgets, and provide overall policy guidance. The NPMO provides secretariat services to NSC. Provincial Steering Committees (PSCs) have been established to ensure inter- agency coordination at provincial level. The PSCs are chaired by provincial vice governors with equivalent representation to that for the NSC, including governors from the participating districts. The PSC meet bi- annually or as required to review implementation progress and to ensure adequate levels of coordination between key agencies for project coordination. Subproject Investment Reports (SIRs) shall be approved by PSCs after obtaining the necessary concurrence of ADB for social and environmental safeguards. The PPO will provide secretariat services to PSCs. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) is the executing agency (EA) for the Project with the responsibility for overall project coordination and management transferred to its Department of Planning (DOP) who has established the National Project Management Office (NPMO) for day- to - day coordination and management of the Project. The implementing agencies at the provincial level are the Provincial Agriculture and Forestry Offices (PAFOs). Provincial Project Offices (PPOs) have been established in each PAFO to be responsible for financial management at provincial level, and coordination and management of implementation of subprojects. To assist implementation of the Project at the district level, District Coordination Offices (DCOs) have been established within District Agriculture and Forestry Offices (DAFOs) to mainly coordinate and supervise subproject activities.

3.2 Organizational Structure for the Environmental and Social Safeguard In addition to the Steering committees at provincial and district levels established in 2010, the Committees of different roles for grievance have been formed at levels (province, district and village/community) during 2011-2012. The key roles of the committees are to coordinate and mitigate the negative impacts on environment, land acquisition and compensation, socio- economic, culture and livelihood of the communities; which would be caused by subprojects' activities. This is to ensure the compliance with ADB policy and relevant Lao PDR's regulations regarding the environmental and social safeguards. The structure of the committees are varied in terms of number and representative sector in each province (see table 3-1). However; members of committee are representatives from line departments and districts responsible for environmental and social aspects e.g. department/ office of natural resources and environment, Lao women Union, Lao Front for National construction and district offices and others. A project Environmental Management Office (EMO) or its equivalent within the PPO with the assistance of the DCO have been established in coordination with line office; in particularly with environmental sector. This is to ensure long-term institutional capacity building, it is recommended that the staff of the EMO be drawn from the permanent full-time staff of the executing agency. Similarly; the committees and DCO at district level have also been established; particularly grievance committee that has the roles to coordinate with provincial committee, advise the

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village committee and supervise the implementation of safeguard plans and support community development activities. At village/community level, the grievance committee have been set up by district governor to ensure that all the concerned matters regarding the compliant on land acquisition and resettlement, engagement of the ethnic minority groups are basically resolved at village level. Meanwhile, the formation of Water user Groups (WUGs) has been set up in each subproject to maintain operational mechanism that will be managed by the beneficiaries and funded by beneficiaries’ contribution through water user fees as is consistent with Lao PDR Irrigation Management and Transfer Strategies recently developed. This is to maintain the sustainable use of the provided structures as long as possible. The committee at the village/community level comprises of the representatives from village office, village security, village defence, Lao youth, LWU and LFNC.

Table 3-1 Representatives of the grievance and resettlement committee at provincial and district levels

Sector Hongk Nam Nam Nam Mongcha Nam- Nam- Nam- Houay ong Maoune Dai Ou o-Koman Lan Haad Tin - Xo

P D P D P D P D P D P D P D P D P D Provincial √ √ √ √ √ √ √ cabinet

District √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ authority Village √ √ cluster

MAF √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ MPWT √ √ MPI √ √ √ √ √ √ MF √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ MJ √ √ √ MIC √ MONRE √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ LWU √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ LFNC √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Note: P= Members of Grievance and Resettlement committee from relevant sectors at provincial level D= Members of Grievance and Resettlement committee from relevant sectors at district level

3.3 Role and Responsibility of Environmental and Social Managmeent Team

Environmental and social Monitoring is important to ensure that environmental impacts are prevented and mitigated in conformity with the EMP, GAPs, EGDPs and RAPs to ensure that sound engineering practices are followed for the protection of the environment and social aspects. Major responsibilities of the Environmental Management Office (EMO) established within the PPO are to ensure the mitigation measure and monitoring programs are carried out, to identify problems and develop plans for corrective actions. Routine reporting will be

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maintained by the DCO and PPO for the NPMO, MAF and ADB as part of its routine reporting responsibilities in compliance with the ADB requirements.

A safeguard officer of the EMO established within the PPO shall be responsible for safeguards monitoring (including grievance mechanisms) to ensure that the required policies, procedures and plans for:

• Resettlement including land acquisition and compensation, • EMP and environmental monitoring implementation, supervise the Contractor to implement the EMP Compliance with the Contract Specifications • The implementation of Indigenous peoples specific actions and the achievement of their expected outcomes during subproject preparation, implementation and operation, and • The closer follow up of gender action plan

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4 Results of Environmental Monitoring

4.1 Environmental Compliace Status for Subprojects and Progressive Activities The field monitoring was undertaken from 27 April to 11 May 2013 in 9 subproject sites by Independent safeguard monitoring team in coordination with GIC Consultant, PPOs DCOs and village authorities in each subproject. As presented in the section 1.2 that only three (3) of nine (9) subprojects have been started implementation (Nam Mongchao-Koman road, Nam Dai irrigation and Nam Haad irrigation). Therefore; the environmental monitoring was conducted with details in 3 subprojects, including the on-site observation, interview with the site engineers, consult with PPOs and DCOs for environmental frameworks and application of tools for water quality monitoring. However; other 6 subprojects were also visited for bio-physical environment of the sites at pre-construction stage and water samplings were also conducted for baseline data of water quality. The results of monitoring for the environmental compliance and status of each subproject during the site visit can be described in the sub-sections below.

4.2 Progress of Civil Works As early mentioned, only three of 9 subprojects have been started for construction work. The construction works of Other 6 subprojects of batch 2 of year 1 have not been implemented. The progress of the construction was reported by PPOs, DCOs and Contractors in subprojects during the field monitoring in May. Other 6 subproject are planned to be implemented at the end of wet season 2013. The progress of the subprojects are summarized in the table 4-1 below.

Table 4-1 Subprojects' progress of construction

No. Province District Subproject Name Status of Construction work (%completion)

1 Bokeo Houayxai Nam Tin Irriation Not started 2 Paktha Houay Xo Irrigation Not started 3 Pha Oudom Nam Haad Right Bank Irrigation 75% 4 Luang Long Nam Ma Oune Irrigation Not started 5 Namtha Namtha Hong Kong Irrigation Not started 6 Sing Nam Dai (V) and (VI) Irrigation 63.05% (Nam Dai 5) and 74.3% (Nam Dai 6) 7 Phong- Boun Tai Nam Lan Irrigation Not started 8 Saly Nhot Ou Nam Ou Irrigation Not started 9 Phongsaly Ban Mong Chao – Koamen Road 19%

4.3 Enviornmental Permits/Clearance Investment projects in Lao PDR are subject to environmental assessment and management planning according to the Decree on Environmental Impact Assessment, April 2010. The

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Decree describes investment projects into two categories; Category 1 - for small scale projects that require an IEE, and Category 2 - for large scale investments requiring an environmental impact assessment (EIA). For irrigation projects, those with a command area of between100 - 2,000 ha come under Category 1, while those with a command area greater than 2,000 ha come under Category 2. The corresponding category in the ADB’s classification system is B, which requires an IEE. The IEE for this subproject revealed that potential negative impacts can be mitigated by adherence to the EMP prepared for the subproject. No further assessment is therefore required (Sourced from Feasibility Study of the project, Sept 2012). On the other hand all subprojects are mainly improvement of the existing infrastructures only. With above-mentioned requirements, the IEE including EMP for subprojects have been drafted in 2012 and submitted to Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) for review and consideration in order to issue the Environmental Certification for the subprojects. They are now on process of reviewed prior approval from MONRE.

4.4 Institutional Arrangement for Environmental Management and Monitoring The Grievance committees at provincial and district levels have been set up for all subprojects within the PPOs and DCOs. Moreover; the grievance committees were established at village level. The committee members are representatives from line departments and offices (detailed in the section 3.2) within their province and district. The purposes of the establishment of the committees are to ensure that the environmental and social impacts are appropriately managed and mitigated in compliance with the ADB Safeguard policy and relevant regulations of Lao PDR. The committees have assigned the monitoring team who are the member of PPO and DCO to monitor the implementation activities of the subproject concerning the environmental and social concerns on site and report to their PPOs, DCOs in regular basis.

4.5 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure During the monitoring, It is confirmed by PPO, DCO, village authorities and villagers that the public consultation workshops were undertaken at different levels at IEE study process. The consultations were participated by villagers in the villages within subprojects and local authorities with proportional involvement of female participants. It is consistent with the IEE report that the NRI-GIC consultants conducted the series of meetings and consultation workshops with project beneficiaries; particularly with WUGs, village and district authorities. The meetings and consultations covered all environmental and social aspects e.g. Environmental impact assessment, Land acquisition and resettlement, gender issue, indigenous participation and community development programs.

4.6 Environmental Compliance Status The main environmental impacts were foreseen at stages of all subprojects implementation, particularly during the construction period and the mitigation measures were proposed in the IEE and EMP for the subprojects. The main environmental concerns for this subproject are:  Soil erosion, silt and sediment deposition  Disturbance of water flows  Potential dust and noise nuisance  Use of private land for storage and work depots  Waste management and  Insufficient use and distribution of irrigation water

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As the construction has not been implemented which means that there will be no any impacts to local environmental conditions from the subproject, except for the changes due to human activities caused by local communities. Therefore, only 3 subprojects which are being constructed are detailed for environmental compliance as the followings: 1). Nam Dai Irrigation Subproject - Soil erosion, silt and sediment deposition: As the field monitoring was undertaken during the early wet season; just two days after the rain and the nature of the construction. Evident of the silt and sediment transport was observed both up and downstream due to the earth work for diversion to build the weir and agricultural activities upstream of the structure, but there was no any occurrences of erosion or rills. However; no any sedimentation or siltation into the rice field and farm land of the local people was found as the location of the construction site and along the constructing canals are plain. The few diggings were also observed along the new embankments to get the water for concrete mixing (see the Figure 4-1), but agreements have been made with landowners and village authority and site rehabilitation will be undertaken by CC. Therefore, there have been no complaints from the local people concerning this regard.

This photo shows the Recently- The photo shows earth work of Few bores have been dug in completed structure where the embankment of the canal the paddy field to get the rehabilitation of the area has not alignment, there is no evidence water for concrete lining for yet undertaken of erosion observed irrigation canal

Figure 4-1 Photos of status of earth material management

- Disturbance of water flows: a short period of disturbance on water flow due to diversion work was occurred, but there are no any impacts on paddy field as there was no crop or cultivation at that moment and no complaints from communities regarding water flow. The flow regime of Nam Dai now becomes normal after the completion of the structure. - Potential dust and noise nuisance: No any evident of dust and nuisance problems observed during the field visit as it is early wet season and it rained a couple of days before the visit. The results from the discussion and interview made with local communities in 3 villages; particularly Yangpieng village, responded that the communities have not any concerns on dust and noise because it is about 2km far away from the residential area. - Borrow pits/quarries: The earth material for the canal embankment was taken from two pits at Siri Heuang village for Namdai 6 and Yang Phieng villages for Nam Dai 5. The pit locations were selected with agreement between DCO, village authorities, landowners and CC site engineer. The pits were properly mananged in terms of slop and depth and there is no

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spreading spoils and no visual concerns as the borrow areas are agriculture land with dune which was requested by landowner to level off their agriculture land surface to expand their cultivation land. - Waste management: As reported by the communities and based on the observation on the construction sites and camps of CC, the site was clean at acceptable condition as there was no solid waste scattering around the temporary camp or on construction site found (see the photos taken at the camp and construction site). - Construction camp: The contractor has setup the camp within the banana plantation, which owned by the contractor, about 2km from the Yang Pieng village. The camp facilities include: basic accommodation, cooking space, temporary office, sanitation system. The location of the camp is not biological or social sensitive area due to utilization of the facilities existed in the banana plantation. there are small number of the labours ( about 15 people) resided in the temporary camp. It was reported by the DCO and site engineer that the camp residents were informed about keeping of the camp. In general, the environmental management for the camp during the site visit was satisfactory (see the Figure 4-2).

Waste management on the This photos shows the proper The photo shows the status construction sites housekeeping/waste of general view at the implemented properly on management at the temporary temporary camp site (in term the construction site camp of waste management

Figure 4-2 Photos of condition of construction camp

- Hazard/chemical waste: a couple of empty drums were found on site which was informed by the site engineer that these empty drums will be taken out from the site soon. For drums with chemical/hazardous materials are stored in the hut with fence and plastic covering sheet. During the site visit the spillage/leakage of the hazardous materials was not observed on site (Figure 4-3).

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This photo show the proper storage of the The evidence of improper keeping of empty chemical/hazardous material in the designated drums and tyres (it was confirmed that these area drums and tyres will be taken out from the site soon)

Figure 4-3 Photos of chemical/hazardous materials storage

- Traffic and Safety: On the date of the field observation, the monitoring team did not see any traffic congestion and accident caused by the project activities. Consistently, the communities confirmed that they have had no any problems with the traffic and accidents occurred so far, the reasons are that firstly a few trucks and heavy machineries and secondly the construction site is quite far away from communities. However; the monitoring team was told by the site engineer that all the drivers were provided with safety induction at early stage. - Environmental monitoring: The DCO has regularly visited the construction site and camp to monitor the environmental compliance as per EMP and it was told that the DCO has instructed the contractor to carry out environmental management which is included in the contract documents. During the field visit the contractor has been verbally instructed to monitor of environmental management both at the camp and construction sites. - Community perception: Meeting with the village authorities of 3 villages and villagers indicated that they are happy with the performance of the project implementation and they have not any concerns or complaints about the project. In contrast, they strongly support because they will have improved irrigation systems and crop production in the coming year.

2). Mongchao-Komaen Road Subproject - Soil erosion, silt and sediment deposition: erosion is considered as the main concern for environmental impacts for this subproject due to the type of the project and location with steep slope. The slope cutting and spoil disposal was observed along the road side (see the figure 4- 4). The spoil is disposed in 3 spoil areas in Mongchao village as approved by PPO, DCO and village authorities. However; some areas where earth material disposed is untaken due to the request of the landowners who need to have road-side land plot which witness of DCO and PPO representatives. Village informed that there will be no spoil dumping without permission from landowner or DCO and PPO observed; except for small amount of spoil from slop cutting, but only in public land. On the other hand, the signs are provided on sites where the spoil can be dumped or not.

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Inevitably, as a nature of most construction works for road during construction period, some dumped areas are prone to erosion and slightly eroded due to rains on site. However; there have been no, reported by villagers and village authorities and DCO; any complaints received from the local people concerning this regard. Moreover, the project manager confirmed that the construction work will be stopped at the end of May until end of wet season.

This photos shows the sign This photo show the evidence This photos indicates the spoil indicating No spoil dumping, of "No Spoil Dumping" along dumping along the road side this kind of sign has been side of the road as requested by the owners of posted in places along the road the land side

Figure 4-4 Photos of Material dumping

- Disturbance of water flows: The alignment of the road is far from the stream and there is no any disturbance on stream flow observed during the monitoring. However; the installation of some culverts and pipes were being installed where the creeks are existed. - Potential dust and noise nuisance: No any evidences of dust and nuisance problems observed during the field visit; just a day after the slight rain on site. The results from the discussion and interview with local communities in villages; particularly Mongchao and Phousoum, responed that the communities have not any concerns on dust as foggy weather at the site and water scarcity in the area due to topographic condition. Concerning the noise impact, the monitoring was told by the communities that the impact lasted only in a short period of time during the operation of heavy vehicles working nearby the village but it is acceptable. - Borrow pits/quarries: The earth materials are taken on site from cutting slope along the road side and there are no designated pits which would disturb the land of villagers and erosion concerns. No stockpiling of earth materials was observed. - Waste management: On the date of monitoring, reported by the communities and based on the observation on the construction sites and camps of CC, the site was clean to the acceptable condition. There was no solid waste scattering around the temporary camp or on construction site found (see the photos taken at the camp and construction site).. On the other hand,. the sanitation for the camp is provided. - Construction camp: The camp has been based about 2-3 km from Phousoum village. The location of the camp is not sensitive to ecological and social settings. The worker's accommodation, site office, cooking area and basic sanitation system are provided for less than 10 employees permanently residing at the camp. It was reported by site engineer that the camp residents were informed about keeping the camp clean. There was no chemical/hazardous

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material storage and workshop observed at the camp. The environmental management for the camp is satisfactory to some extend (see the Figure 4-5), even through few empty drums were observed next to the site office, but no rubbish, wastewater and other environmental concerns found.

This photo shows the scattering This shows the general view of This is the toilet provided at the empty drums at the camp of the the temporary camp with proper temporary camp of Mongchao- Contractor, but no spillage/ waste management Komaen road subproject leakage was found

Figure 4-5 Photos of construction camp condition

- Hazard/chemical waste: During the monitoring, there was no storage and handling of the hazardous/chemical materials on site and there was no spill/leakage observed. The site manager told that the diesel, grease and hydraulics are delivered regularly from the district centre of phongsaly by a truck. However, the empty drums was observed next to the temporary site office at the camp and the site manager was instructed to take action on this regard. - Water quality: Water sampling in this subproject was not undertaken due to the difficulties and the location distance between construction site on the top of the mountain which far from streams at the bottom of the mountain - Traffic management and Safety: It was confirmed by the project manager that all the employees work for the CC in the subproject were induced about safe driving and on-work safety. On the date of the field observation, the monitoring team did not see any traffic congestion and accident caused by the project activities. Concerning the communal use of road, PPO, DCO, village authorities and CC have agreed on adjusting/scheduling the working hours on the construction site as 8:00-11:30 and 13:00-16:30. This is to ensure to minimize the accidents on road and safety purpose to the community and lessening the disturbance of the working progression. It is also confirmed by the communities that there has not been any accidents or traffic problems happened yet. - Biological impact: there are no any activities which threaten the forest resources and aquatic biology as the scope of work of subproject is to improve the existing road. - Environmental monitoring: The Environmental monitoring was once carried out by the PPO and DCO members ( including provincial MONRE) who are responsible for the environmental management at site, but the proper documentation of monitoring was not available. During the

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field site visit the contractor has been verbally instructed to monitor of environmental management both at the camp and construction sites. - Community perception: Meeting with the village authorities of 4 villages and villagers are happy with the performance of the project implementation and they have no concerns or complains to the project.

3). Nam Haad Irrigation Subproject - Soil erosion, silt and sediment deposition: The field monitoring was undertaken just one day after the rain. The evident of some silt and sediment transport was observed near the newly- built weir structure due to the earth work for diversion to build the weir, this spoil will later be used for filling the sides of the weir. Along the improving alignment of the canal, there was no active erosion or sediment load observed as the material is composed of larger grain size and there were no occurrences of erosion or rills. During the site visit, the team did not see any sediment deposit caused by subproject activities on the agriculture land of local people because the canal alignment mainly goes through the swidden land and bush land (see the Figure 4-6). Therefore, there have not been any complaints from the local people concerning this regard.

The photo of the embarkment of the canal This shows the loose material next to the newly- alignment with large grain size materials completed weir structure; which is subject to and there is no erosion and sediment erosion. transport observed during the field visit.

Figure 4-6 Photos of earth material management

- Disturbance of water flows: There were no any blockages of stream flow caused by construction-related activities being observed during the site visit and there is no any impacts on paddy field of local people for the irrigation water availability. The flow regime of Nam now becomes normal after completion of the structure. - Potential dust and noise nuisance: No any evident of dust and nuisance problems observed during the field visit as it is the early wet season and it rained a day before the visit. The results from the discussion and interview made with local communities and villages authorities of 4 villages responded that the communities have not any concerns on dust and noise because it is far from the residential areas.

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- Borrow pits/quarries: There was no any borrow pits for this subproject because most of the canal alignment is in the high attitude. Therefore, only a small part of the canal line is needed to be filled and remaining parts are cut and reuse of the cut material for the filled filling for levelling and embankment of the canal. - Waste management: During the site visit, Workers' camp and operating construction sites were monitored and it is found that, in general, there was no solid waste observed both on construction site and camps, except for the cement bags (concrete work just finished) the construction site next to the weir. The site engineer and DCO told that the waste generated on site is burned regularly (see Figure 4-8). - Construction camp: The camp is a temporary camp for 10 employees of the contractor based on site next to the weir structure construction site. It is common for most of temporary construction camps. The facilities at the camp include: small working office, basic accommodation for employees (for 10 people), cooking space and basic sanitation system. It was reported by the DCO and site engineer that the camp residents were informed about regular housekeeping of the camp. On the other hand, there are small number of the labors ( about 10 people) residing in the temporary camp. In general the condition of the camp is clean.

This photo shows the sanitation with Cooking space at the camp working space and worker's latrine at the temporary camp was cleaned properly house is regularly cleaned

The empty cement bags (as the This photo indicates the general These empty drums were concrete work at site) next to the view of the temporary camp observed during site visit (it was weir structure were observed with good housekeeping (no confirmed by the contractor to during site visit waste observed) be transferred out from the site soon), but no spillage/leakage

observed

Figure 4-7 Photos of construction camp and earth material management Cement bags

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- Hazard/chemical waste: The storage of hazard/chemical materials was not found during the field monitoring, but 5 empty drums. The monitoring team was told that the diesel, hydraulic liquid and other chemicals are regularly delivered to the site from district centre by truck and all the trucks, roller, grader and backhoes are hired temporary. Meanwhile, there was no any spillages/leakage of hazard materials was found on site. - Traffic and Safety: On the date of the field observation, the monitoring team did not see any traffic congestion and accident caused by the project activities. Consistently, the communities confirmed that they have had no any problems with the traffic and accidents occurred so far, the reasons are that firstly a few trucks and heavy machineries and secondly the construction site is quite far away from communities. However; the monitoring team was told by the site engineer that all the drivers were provided with safety induction at early stage. - Environmental monitoring: It is reported by Contractor's site engineer that even through the formal environmental monitoring was carried out by Contractor, but the PPO and DCO( including provincial MONRE) have regularly instructed the contractor to implement the environmental management at sites as it is included in the contract document. During the field site visit the contractor has been verbally instructed to monitor of environmental management both at the camp and construction sites. - Community perception: Meeting with the village authorities of 3 villages and villagers they informed that they are happy with the performance of the project implementation and they have not any concerns or complains to the project. In contrast, they strongly support these as they will have improved irrigation systems and crop production in the coming year.

4.7 Water Quality Monitirong Even through the construction work has been carried out, but the baseline data for water quality is not existed for 3 subprojects, where the construction works have been started. Two water samplings were therefore collected at upstream and downstream of the project area, the coordinate points of each sampling site are indicated in the table 4-2 and photos of water sampling and field testing kits use in the annex 2). These samples will be the baseline data; which was recommended in the IEE reports that "Baseline monitoring of water quality shall be undertaken at a site in the command area and the receiving streams of effluent from construction/labour camps potentially polluting activities related to the Works". The key parameters of water quality including: BOD, COD, SS, PH, DO and facal coliform; proposed in the IEE report, were analysed both in situ and the Lab of and the results of water quality are shown the table 4-2 below and in (Annex 1):

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Table 4-2 Water sample analysis results

Coordinate PH Temp DO BOD COD TSS Facal Coordinate coliform Projection

Unit - C˚ mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/100ml Easting Northing Projection

Surface water quality 5-9 N' 6 1.5 5 - <1000 standard of MONRE

NT1 (Nam Tin)-up 7.6 30.1 5.5 1.7 11.7 5.5 9.2 663063 2241552 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

NT2-Down 7.4 30.2 5.8 0.7 12.2 51.5 >23 662300 2235289 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

X1 (Houay Xo)-up 8.3 31.5 5.9 0.2 4.6 14 9.2 659223 2189266 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

X2-down 8.2 31 5.4 0.2 5.2 4.5 0 664805 2191449 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

NH1 (Nam Haad) Up 8.7 31.2 6.6 0.2 7.3 1.0 >23 693351 2223088 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

NH2-Down 8 32 5.5 0.3 7.5 47.0 >23 689598 2222683 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

NM1 (Nam Ma Oune)-up 7.4 27 4.8 0.6 6.5 86 >23 709924 2329292 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

NM2-down 8.2 26.4 5 2.9 6.5 88.5 >23 708194 2328302 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

HG1 (Hong Kong)-up 7.6 28 5.5 1.9 4.9 16.8 >23 746494 2321167 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

HG2-down 7.8 30 5.6 0.2 2.2 15.7 >23 749830 2317655 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

D1 (Na Dai)-up 8 28 5.4 1.3 6.5 81 >23 719544 2340920 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

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D2-down 7.5 26 5.5 0.6 7.7 28.5 >23 721617 2343597 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

NW1 (Nam Lan)-up 8.3 29.7 5.6 0.18 1.3 0.4 >23 807251 2364602 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

NW2-down 8.6 32 6.5 0.02 0.9 15.6 >23 809263 2365188 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

OU1 (Nam Ou)-up 7.8 24.9 5.1 0.4 2.1 1.8 >23 790312 2451006 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

OU2-down 8 30.2 5.3 0.05 1.63 7.2 >23 787268 2446466 WGS 84; Zone 47 N

Ban Mong Chao – Komaen N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Road

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Based on the results in the table 4-2, no parameters show significant values that exceed or fall below the surface water quality standard of Laos (National Environmental standard; No 2734; dated 7 Dec 2009). Meanwhile; the comparison also indicates that it is not much different between the values of samples from upstream and downstream. It is assumed that the water samples would be influenced by the seasonal rainfall and river-side agricultural activities (ploughing). Particular attention was paid on the samples collected in 2 subprojects where the construction works have already been started. However; there is no any significant change; comparing to the concentration of parameters of water samples collected at upstream and upstream of the construction sites. Therefore; it is difficult to prove or show any indications of effect caused by the construction activities. Interpretation of water quality analysis results are summarized in the table 4-3 below.

Table 4-3 Interpretation of water analysis results

Analysis of water quality results

PH All water samples have value in the range of the standard of Lao PDR

DO All the values of water samples are not exceed the standard; excepting for the NH1 and NW2-down, but not significant

BOD Only the samples of NT1 and NM2-down that have values above 1.5 mg/l as defined in the national standard of Laos. None of These samples collected from the subprojects which started are exceed the 1.5 mg/l

COD There are some samples that show the values above 5 mg/l; including the sample from 2 subprojects that has started construction works (both up and down stream, but not significantly exceed.

TSS It is not defined Level of the TSS in the national environmental standard. However; the higher values occur for the samples from Nam Ma Oun both up and down stream due to heavy rain during the water sampling, but there is any indications of effect from construction activities

Facal Almost all the values are more than 23MPN/100ml,excepting for only NT1, X1 and X2 coliform samples.

In general, the water quality in all subproject areas are still in good condition at some certain level and major concerns would be caused by the construction works mostly associated with level of turbidity and chemicals. To check the level of impact on water quality from the construction sites, the monitoring of water quality in dry season shall be conducted not during the wet season. On the other hand, the water quality base line data shall be collected prior starting the construction work.

4.8 Complaints Data collected from the monitoring confirms that there have been on any written complaints received or recorded by the village authorities, DCOs and PPOs of each subprojects. However; the village authority in Mongchao informed that minor concerns were raised by a landowner who

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requested the contractor to fill his land plot next to the road side with earth material, but in the wrong place. However; this case was solved by the village grievance committee satisfactorily

4.9 Environmental Enhanchment Works

It is informed by the DCOs and PPOs that the trainings on the skill and knowledge on environmental impact screening and monitoring to PPOs and DCOs were conducted in each subproject to build the capacity to DCO and PPO to understand and be able to monitor and supervise the implementation activities of the subprojects. The participants of the training were provided with the environmental checklists, environmental management plan and methodologies.

At the village level, the villagers in project beneficiaries of subprojects were trained on impact of chemicals uses for agriculture on environment and human.

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5 Summary and Progress on Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Compensation (LARC), Ethnic Group Development Plans (EGDPs) and Gender Action Plans (GAPs)

5.1 Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Commpensation (LARC)

5.1.1 Summary of LARC As defined in the Feasibility Study (FS) regarding the LARC, each subproject has different level of land acquisition for subproject facilities (e.g. Weirs, Canals, tracks along the canal). However, the resettlement and compensation methodologies applied for the all subprojects are the very similar, and the land owners whose land have been occupied by the infrastructure developments are satisfied with the solution through the proper procedures and solutions in accordance with the ADB policy and relevant laws of Lao PDR on Resettlement and Compensation. As part of the FS, the study of Land acquisition and compensation were studied and drafted by the GIC consultant team in 2010 in accordance with the relevant regulations, laws of Lao PDR on land acquisition, compensation, assistance and resettlement can be connected with the subproject’s financing ADB’s key guidelines for involuntary resettlement. Among others, the followings are related to these aspects: • Safeguard Policy Statement, dated June, 2009. • Operational Manual Section F1/OP, dated March, 2010. • Handbook on Resettlement dated 1998.

Based on the review of the LARC from the FS most of the asset loss from the rehabilitation of the infrastructures are: agriculture land, tree plantations, trees and structures, no vulnerable people or minority groups of people lose opportunity and there was no resettlement or relocation of the primary or secondary structures. In general the land loss by household comparatively small and mostly will be affected during the construction period. These affected areas will reportedly be properly remediated upon the completion of the project. See the annex 4, the agreement document between village authority and the contractor to rehabitate/reinstate the site. Following table 5-1 is the summary of the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation which were studied by GIC consultants team for each subproject:

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Table 5-1 Information on Land Acquisition, Resettlement and compensation

Types of asset Description Rounded No. HHs Comments of loss amounts (kip)

Nam Tin irrigation subproject

Loss of land None None None No land acquisition, resettlement, Loss of crops None None None compensation requirement. Related planning Loss of trees None None None can be regarded as completed at feasibility Loss of common property resource None None None stage. Relocation of housing and resettlement None None None Income restoration and rehabilitation None None None Houay Xo irrigation subproject Loss of land (1.4% of APs total area 5 The compensation cash-for-kind has formally cultivated) calculated and included in the resettlement Affected budget, but alternative option of donated land- for-irrigation could also be rediscussed at detailed resettlement planning. Loss of crops None None None Loss of trees None None None Loss of common property resource None None None None Relocation of housing and resettlement None None None Income restoration and rehabilitation None None None Nam Haad irrigation subproject

2 58 This amount is not necessary as all APs Loss of land (28614 m ) 143,514,000 agreed in voluntary donation of their affected land to the subproject . None Loss of House and structures No No cost infrastructure 7 HHs Compensation would not required if Loss of crops No damage No cost 26 construction work started after harvesting

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of crops by period construction works. 30 This amount is not necessary as all APs agreed Loss of tree 605 trees 118,990,000 in voluntary donation of their affected trees to the subproject. None Loss of common property resources No any No cost relocation of common properties Income restoration None None None Name MaOun Irrigation subproject Loss of land None None None Loss of houses and other infrastructures No land acquisition, resettlement, and None None None compensation requirement Related planning Loss of crops and trees None None None can be regarded as completed at feasibility study Loss of common property resources None None None Economic resettlement /vulnerable people None None None Income restoration None None None

Hongkong irrigation subproject

Loss of land None None None No land acquisition, resettlement, and compensation requirement Related planning Loss of houses and other structures None None None can be regarded as completed at feasibility study Loss of crops and trees None None None

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Loss of common property resources Non Non Non

Economic resettlement/vulnerable people None None None

Nam Dai irrigation subproject

Loss of land ( About 1.1% of APs total of 9192m2 131.638.000 46 This amount is not necessary as all APs productive land) during the construction agreed on voluntary donation of their affected period land to the subproject

Loss of House and structures None None None

Loss of crops None None None

Loss of tree 326 trees 87.350.000 13 out of 46 This amount is not necessary as all APs HHs agreed on voluntary donation of their affected trees to the subproject

Loss of common property resources None None

Case of economic resettlement and None None vulnerable people Nam Lan irrigation subproject None Loss of land None None No land acquisition, resettlement, and None compensation requirement Related planning Loss of houses and other structures None None can be regarded as completed at feasibility None study Loss of crops and trees None None None Loss of common property resources None None

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None Economic resettlement/vulnerable people None None Nam Ou irrigation subproject No land acquisition, resettlement, and Loss of land None None None compensation requirement Related planning can be regarded as completed at feasibility Loss of houses and other structures None None None study

Loss of crops and trees None None None

Loss of common property resources Non Non Non

Economic resettlement/vulnerable people None None None Mongchao-Koman road rehabilitation subproject No cost or compensation/ Loss of land None None None Resettlement

Loss of houses and other structures None None None

Loss of crops and trees None None None

Loss of common property resources None None None

Economic resettlement/vulnerable people None None None

Income restoration None None None

Special assistance None None None

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5.1.2. Progress of Implementation of Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Compensation Based on the provided FS, The Resettlement and compensation implementation methodologies and measures for the land acquisition in all subprojects were carried out, in accordance with relevant Lao regulations and ADB policy, through the involvement of the stakeholders e.g. APs, beneficiary groups, committees at the village level, DCOs and PPO. As mentioned in the section 3.1 and 3.2, the grievance committees working on the resettlement and compensation issues have been established at provincial, district and village level. On the other hand; the consultation workshops and technical surveys were conducted at different levels and and the team worked closely with land and asset owners; in particularly for 3 subprojects which are being implemented. In general; from the review of the FS all the APs in the subproject where the land acquisition and loss of trees were taken place optimistically assumed that the loss are small with About 1.1% (Nam Dai) and 1.4% of APs' productive land, they are happy and voluntarily donated the land or trees as they need to have improved infrastructures. At the moment of the first monitoring mission, the processes and implementations of the land acquisition and compensation activities have been agreed between the project and contacted APs in 3 subprojects after the detailed design and plan of these subprojects were approved. All the APs voluntarily agreed to donated their affected land or trees to the subprojects and no requirements of cash compensation which was proved by the compensation and entitlement forms signed by affected household and PPOs. The sample is shown in the Annex 5.

To make sure that the APs voluntarily donated their piece of land and trees and the statement in the reports are truth. During the monitoring the monitoring team had meetings with PPOs, DCOs, village committees and interview some APs on this regards(see the Figure 5-1 ). Consistency with the FS report was made by the interviewed APs and village authorities in subprojects (mainly at the subprojects being started). They confirmed that the affected land and trees to be acquired by the subproject is only small proportions of their total productive land comparing to benefits they would get upon the completion of the infrastructures. Therefore; they are happy to donate their assets voluntarily.

Meeting with PPO in Luang Meeting with PPO in Phongsaly Meeting with PPO in Bokeo Namtha province province province

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Meeting with PPO and DCO in Meeting with PPO, DCO in Pa- Meeting with PPO and DCO Yot-Ou district Oudom district in Luang Namtha district

Meeting with PPO, DCO and Meeting with PPO, DCO and Meeting with PPO, DCO village authority at Phaoudom village authority at Yangpieng and village authority at village village Mongchao village

Interviewing the affected Interviewing the affected Interviewing the affected household in Haad subproject household of Nam Haad household from Nam Dai subproject subproject

Figure 5-1: Photos of APs Interviews and meetings with village authorities, DCOs and PPOs in subprojects

However; as summarized in the FS that "No land acquisition, resettlement, and compensation requirement, related planning can be regarded as completed at feasibility study" for other 6 subprojects (except for Houay Xo), which means the less concerns regarding scope of impact

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on land and other asset, no resettlement and compensation process. Therefore, the monitoring team met only with the PPOs, DCO and villages authorities. On the other hand, the other 6 subprojects have been initially foreseen not to have land acquisition, resettlement and compensation (see the table 5.1 above).

5.1.3. Complaints and Grievance Redress Mechanism It was confirmed that the main steps of the grievance mechanisms of the project were introduced to during public consultation workshops with stakeholders, in particularly the grievance committees at village, district and provincial levels for the subproject to implement the proposed procedures regarding LARC. However, up till now there have not reportedly been any formal or written complaints from owner of land or communities in each subproject to the village authorities and DCOs.

5.2 Ethnic Group Development Plan (EGDPs) and Gender Action Plans (GAPs)

5.2.1. EGDPS A. Overview of the Subproject's EGDPs and GAPs As it is the fact that, the aim of the project is to enable increased agricultural productivity in the area through increased reliability of water supply and improved production technologies. For vulnerable ethnic minority households particularly those without lands and being poor, the main benefits from the project will be in the form of increased opportunity for employment both through construction activities and through increased demand for farm labor from intensification of cropping. The proportion/percentages and number of households in each subproject, based on the FS reports, are summarized in the table 5-2 below: Results of FS Review, the FS draft included the section on impact of subprojects' activities on indigenous people and development plan for them as required by the requirement of the Policy of Lao government on minority groups of people and the Safeguard of ADB on Indigenous People. Based on the FS on Social Impact Assessment (SIA) concerning the Ethnic groups, It is found that the ethnic groups in the subproject are strongly encouraged to involve in the process of the assessment and implementation. IP has been supported and participated in the process of the consultations, group discussions and project implementation activities e.g. community development programs and membership of WUGs.

Table 5-2 Composition of ethnicity in subprojects No. Province District Subproject Name Ethnic minority

1 Bokeo Houayxai Nam Tin Irriation 236 HHs (Mon-Khmer), 501 HHs (Hmong-lu Mien) and 1 HH (Chino-Tibet) out of total 1588 HHs 2 Paktha Houay Xo Irrigation 100% of Lao-Tai( Pangsa and Dong villages) and Mixed with Mong-Lu Mien (Xo village) 3 Pha Oudom Nam Haad Right Bank 63% Mon-Khmer ( 31% are poor), Irrigation Others are Lao-Tai 4 Luang Long Nam Ma Oune Irrigation Only two HHs of minority groups, 1-

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Namtha Mon-Khmer and 1- Chino-Tibet; these 2 HHs middle income with sufficient rice, Others are Lao-Tai 5 Namtha Hong Kong Irrigation Hmong-lu mien- 4% and Mon-Khmer- 2%, others are Lao-Tai 6 Sing Nam Dai (V) and (VI) No ethnic minority in 3 villages (No Irrigation EGDP required) 7 Phong- Boun Tai Nam Lan Irrigation Only one Mon-Khmer household and Saly being a member of WUG, others are Lao-Tai 8 Nhot Ou Nam Ou Irrigation 4 HHs (Mon-Khmer) and 215 (Chino- Tibet others are Lao-Tai 9 Phongsaly Ban Mong Chao – 7 villages are Phounoi and 1 village Komaen Road Akha (sub-group of Chino-Tibet)

B. Progress of the EGDP Implementation of Subprojects: It is found that even though the combination and populations of the ethnic groups are varied in subprojects as outlined in the table 5-2, but implementation activities and methodologies used in all subprojects are very similar and the results of the checklists during the site visit show that the ethnic people in each subproject responded to the questions with very similar answers; in particularly for subprojects being constructed. In general, the EGDP is the considered as important part in the project which can be seen through the project documents, engagement of the ethnic people in the activities with strong encouragement from the project, training on the role of the ethnic groups and supporting the livelihood improvement of ethnic group of people through the project implementation. Demonstration: the project's beneficiaries (priority for ethnic group representatives and gender balance) have been demonstrated by the DCOs and PPOs through the pilot rice cultivation with "System of Rice Intensification (SRI)", crops cultivation and poultry raising.

5.2.2 Gender Action Plans (GAPs) A. Review on GAP: Main findings from FS of the subprojects concerning the ender issues and recommendations can be summarized as follow: - Women are not proportionally represented in the leadership of the village authority administration; accept for the LWU - Prominent role in the safekeeping of money, marketing and household basic chores, - More responsibilities in household activities and performs agricultural production works - The capacity building for women and gender training is needed to promote community awareness on the importance of participation of women in the community development. - Female group discussions were conducted during the SIA study. - In some subprojects, the percentage of the female-headed households are high but they are poor and need more supports on GAP and community development plan (see the table 5-3).

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Table 5-3 Information of female-headed households No. Province District Subproject Name Percentage of female- Comments head households (%)

1 Bokeo Houayxai Nam Tin Irriation 5% of 1558 HHs 41% of FHHs are poor 2 Paktha Houay Xo Irrigation 3% of 258 HHs 2 FHHs are poor 3 Pha Nam Haad Right 8% of 618 HHs 62% of FHHs are Oudom Bank Irrigation poor 4 Luang Long Nam Ma Oune 2.6% of 67 HHs 1 FHHs is poor Namtha Irrigation 5 Namtha Hong Kong Irrigation 27% of 488 HHs 27% of FHHs are poor 6 Sing Nam Dai (V) and 7.1% of 311 HHs 32% of FHHs are (VI) Irrigation poor 7 Phong- Boun Tai Nam Lan Irrigation 3.3% of 165 HHs 100% Rice sufficient 8 Saly Nhot Ou Nam Ou Irrigation 2% of 844 HHs 15% of FHHs are poor 9 Phongsaly Ban Mong Chao – 26% of 488 HHss 44% of FHHs are Komaen Road poor

B. Progress of the GAPs: Monitoring results included: - The promotion of women employment in the project management at DCOs and PPOs; totally more than 35 female staff (appointed by provincial and district governors). - The implementations of project activities have promoted the participation of the women; particularly in the public consultations and meetings . - At village levels, at least 1-2 women have been appointed as a member of the WUG and grievance committees in subprojects (appointed by district governors) - Gender and indigenous training (TOT) for community development officers (PPOs and DCOs) was conducted in August 2012 with 20 female participants attended the workshop; - The consequence of the TOT, Training and awareness on gender and indigenous people issues for local people in the subprojects of year 1 - The employment of the women in the village are promoted to engage in the project implementation has been promoted (for subprojects being constructed). However; the employment of women becomes difficult due to the low availability of the female jobs, most of the available jobs are heavy-labor positions. the women prefer to agriculture work as their experience and it is not common to see the female worker in the construction works. - Based on discussion with the female groups during the first monitoring (see Figure 5.3). There is still a common perception among the most of women in the local communities of subprojects that the women less influence on decision making even through women take more responsibilities on activities of households; in particularly; for some minority people due to their traditions and understandings. - As percentages of female-headed households and poverty presented in table 5-2, The action plans on gender, and community development plans have been implemented through pilot projects e.g. chicken raising, demonstration of new rice seed cultivation and other crops.

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However; there are some difficulties due to labor availability, lack of equipments, no land plot and their willingness.

Interviewing the female groups regarding the Interviewing with a female group regarding the Gender issues at Ban Thad village Gender issues at Pa-oudom village

Figure 5-2 group discussion with female groups on gender issues

- Moreover; the project has also targeted for:  At least 60 % of women included in training on marketing and financial / budget management  30% representation of women in WUG Executive Committee  30% representation of women in WUG Executive Committee  30% female employment in construction/rehabilitation works. Equal pay for women and men for work of equal type - The meetings in each subprojects at different level; including Female APs, It was confirmed by female representatives that they have been encouraged to involve/participate in the project activities.

5.3 Community Development Based on the provided reports and results of the meeting and interviews during the safeguard monitoring mission, the team found that various activities concerning community development have been implemented based on the development and action plans of the project. The activities mainly focused on vulnerable people. For example the indigenous people, female- head households, landless families and other vulnerable people. The (pilot) programs which have been implemented through the training and demonstration in subprojects are: - The trainings on general knowledge and awareness campaign on 4 Topics (HIV/AIDS/STI prevention, Sanitation and Hygiene, Basic Knowledge for Gender Development, and the Risk of Chemical use for Agricultural Production) were successfully completed in beneficiary villages of all subprojects in 2012. - The training on marketing and financial management conducted by PPOs and DCOs - Poultry raising (chicken): representative households for chicken raising were selected as pilot groups of the first year and 800 chickens have been delivered to the target households in Mongchao and Cha Phou, Phousum and Komen villages (Mongchao-Komaen), Huay Xo in

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Bokeo and luangnamtha for the first batch (see the Figure 5-3) and second batch was delayed due to bird flu phenomenon. - Pilot projects for demonstrations of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in subprojects of Nam Haad, Nam Dai, Hongkong, Huay Xo

First batch of chicken to be The sample of the place for The sample of the system of distributed to the (pilot) chicken raising rice intensification (SRI) household which supported supported by NRI project by NRI project

Figure 5-3 poutry raising and one-straw rice cultivation (pilot projects)

- Water user groups in subprojects have been established and the members of WUG are dominated by the subproject beneficiaries. In the activities of the WUGs, the trainings on water utilities, operation and maintenance have been conducted by the GIC consultant team to build the capacity within their community for sustainable use of their schemes. - The committee on road maintenance has been established at village level for Mongchao- Komaen road rehabilitation subproject and training on management and maintenance of the road is planned to be conducted in August 2013 for committee.

5.4 Employment: Even through the regulations on local employment of Lao PDR and relevant policies of ADB are included in the contractual documents for the contractor and the advertisement of contractor for recruitment ( see the sample in Annex 3), but still the engagement of local labours in to the construction works in 3 subprojects which have been started is still low. From the discussions made during the monitoring with Contractors, local people, village authorities, DCO and PPOs, the team got the indications for such reasons as: firstly, limited requirement of workforce for construction works (e.g. road rehabilitation which required more machines than human working), secondly the low wage comparing to their daily agriculture/crop production (tea collecting and selling or growing rice or other crops can provide more money than labouring) and the period of employment is temporal. Third reason, the local is that, people think that the construction work must be hard for them and need some skills; comparing to their daily agricultural practice.

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6 Capacity Enhancement for the PPOs, DCOs and Project Beneficiaries A range of capacity building activities have been conducted through the training and on-the job- trainings, practical works and demonstration for all subprojects' PPOs, DCOs. These include: - Gender and indigenous training for community development officials which are taken place during 28-29 August 2012 in phongsaly province with total participants of 65 people, including 16% of ethnic people and 13% are women. - On-the-job training: TOT to the DCOs and PPOs on series of topics: Gender issues, HIV/AIDS, sanitation and hygiene, indigenous people and risk of the chemical use for agriculture production. Consequence, Trained DCOs and PPOs staff can further give the training to the village authorities and project beneficiaries. - Demonstration: the DCOs and PPOs were demonstrated by the GIC consultant team on pilot rice cultivations with "System of Rice Intensification (SRI)", crops cultivation and poultry raising. - Practical work: assisting the GIC consultants to carry out socio-economic survey, irrigation survey and IEE study. These trained staff have different backgrounds with different ethnicity and genders to improved capacity and skills for the project management, technical knowledge and so on. Then further transferring such knowledge to project beneficiary people (including ethnic groups of people and genders). - Water user groups establishment and operation training (TOT) for community development officers (PPOs and DCOs) were conducted in April 2012 with 20 female participants attended the workshop in Luangnamtha province. - Training for capacity building on marketing and financial managmeent for the DCOs and PPOs during 24 -27 December 2012 - 3 Environmental management trainnings for DCOs and PPOs were conducted by the consultants

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7 Conclusion, Follow up Actions and Recommendation

7.1 Conclusion

- Environmental Aspect: Only 3 out of 9 subprojects have started the construction works (Mongchao-Komaen, Nam Haad and Nam Dai) and the monitoring of environmental compliance to EMP was focused on these 3 subprojects, except for water quality analysis for baseline data. Based on the review of the project document (particularly the sections of IEE, LARC, GAP and EDGP) and on-site observation outcomes, the monitoring team can summarized the safeguard implementation progress as the following: There were no outstanding issues of environmental impacts occurred during the date of monitoring reported or observed. However; the minor issues associated with the environmental concerns are the erosion and sediment deposit which slightly occurred during site visit at Mongchao-Komaen road rehabilitation subproject. The camps facilities have been installed in 3 subprojects where the construction works started. It was observed that in general the temporary camps were provided with basic sanitation, cooking space, office and accommodation. Even through the installation of the camp facilities are not well arranged but the housekeeping has been practiced. In addition to the EMP implementation, the capacity on environmental knowledge has been supported through trainings. - Social Issues: The land acquisition, resettlement and compensation are considered as main parts of the social aspects; in particular for those who are indigenous, female-headed and vulnerable households who are affected from the project. From the review of FS, there are only 3 subprojects considering the compensation for land acquisition and no any resettlements/relocations are needed in all subprojects. The losses of land plots have been voluntarily donated by the landowners. All the temporary impact on land shall be remediated for all subprojects Regarding the indigenous people, the minority groups of people in the subproject areas are strongly encouraged and supported to engage in the project activities through the employment, community development pilot programs e.g. poultry raising, "System of Rice Intensification (SRI)", on-the-job training and delivering of knowledge on sanitation & hygiene, HIV/AIDs and gender issues. Similarly, the gender promotion has been reportedly implemented as seen in the gender action plans and participation of female participants to the project activities and communities development.

7.2 Recommendation

- More frequent environmental monitoring of the DCO and PPOs shall be conducted for environment and social aspects; including periodic reporting on the progress of the environmental and social implementation to comply with EMPs outlined in the IEE reports. - More active engagement of relevant stakeholders e.g. Natural resources and environment department/office at Provincial or district level shall be involved in the process of environmental and social monitoring in subproject.

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- It is recommended to have more remediation/reinstate of the disturbed areas from the construction activities upon the completion of the construction works; particularly in 3 subproject where the construction have been started. - DCOs and PPOs should pay key roles to supervise the Contractor to implement the environmental and social compliance; particularly the housekeeping at camps and construction sites - Measures and mitigation plan to minimize the erosion shall be taken into account - The IEE certificate from relevant government sector shall be approved prior commencement of the construction works of subprojects.

7.3 Follow up Actions of Monitoring Team

The monitoring team will carry out second field monitoring in mid-July 2013. The key monitoring will be: - Continuing Water quality monitoring for 8 subprojects - Visiting on the construction sites and camps facilities to check the further progression of the implementation of environmental management plan after instructions were made during first site visit. - Follow up the indigenous and gender action plans in other subprojects that have not been started of constructions. - Checking whether issues that are raised during the first site visit have been rectified

7.4 ADB Comments on the RPs and LACs

The safeguard monitoring team was informed by NPMO on 12 June 2013 that NPMO has received the comments on the RPs and LACs from ADB, saying that “In reviewing the RPs and LACs we have found that the project is using voluntary land donations (VLD). This is not covered in the Resettlement Framework (RF). We understand that VLD is commonly used in some parts of Lao. We propose that this system needs to be regularized by revising the RF to include the criteria and steps that would ensure that VLDs are meeting acceptable and good international practice.”, and thus, NPMO is working on this.

The safeguard monitoring team will take into account this situation and will follow the revised/updated RF, RPs and LACs of the concerned NRI subprojects from the 2nd monitoring.

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Annex1: Water quality analysis results

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Annex 2: Pictures of water sampling and field testing kits use

Collecting water sample and Collecting water sample at Nam Water testing with field testing testing with field testing Ngaen subproject-downstream equipment at Nam Tin equipment at Nam Ngaen subproject-upstream subproject-upstream

Collecting water sample at Nam Demonstration of testing Collecting water sampling at Xo- upstream equipment use and water testing Nam Haad-downstream with field testing equipments at Nam Haad subproject

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Annex 3: Agreement between Contractor and village authorities on employment of local people for Nam Dai subproject

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Annex 4: Agreement between village authorities and Contractor on Remediation of the disturbed land from construction activities for Nam Dai subproject

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Annex 5: sample of the signed compensation and entitlement form received from PPO

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Annex 6: Minutes of the meetings during monitoring in 3 province

Summary of Independent Safeguard Monitoring 1. Name of Reporter: Kanya Souksakoun; Environment Specialist 2. Filed work Team member  Mr. Souphab Kkoungvichit Safeguards Team leader  Mr. Kanya Souksakoun Environment specialist  Mrs. Ampai Darasouk Resettlement and Social specialist 3. Purpose of the Field Work:

Objectives

The main objectives safeguards monitoring are to:

1. Visit and observe the progress of each subproject implementation for the Environment and Social aspect in accordance with ADB policy; 2. Conduct ground truth of spatial change /impact and progress of sub project implementation in terms of Environmental compliance, compensation, resettlement; 3. Take photo for evidence of the occurrence and progress; 4. Conduct Water sampling; 5. Identify any potential significant land/asset/ cultural impacts 6. Meet with PPO, DCO and village authorities as well as AHs on the progress of safeguards implementation;

Methodology

 Conducting filed observation with communities to identify key issues and remediation which have been taken place within the subproject;  Meeting with construction contractor camps representatives to discuss EMP implantation;  Collecting water sample and transferring to Lab in Vientiane (for BOD and COD parameter);  Biodiversity observation (e.g. vegetation disturbance, aquatic environment, etc.);  Physical environmental observation (Hydrology, erosion, air emission, etc.);  Conducting the meeting, Group discussion and Interview with some AHs.

Participants

The participants were composed of the technical staff of PPO and DCO (from CD, Irrigation Engineer, Safeguard and District Lao Women’s Union) of 3 provinces with a total of 50 persons including 23 females. (50 %) The participants from the village’s authority (including Village heads, and Lao Women’s Union and water group member) in 9 subprojects: Total participants of 320 attended during the field visit, among which 122 were female, 117 were male. Table of Participants

Province Total No. Participants Male Female

Phongsaly 82 48 34

Lunag Numtha 135 57 58

Bokeo 103 73 30

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Toal 320 177 122

Province PPO DCO Female

Phongsaly 4 12 4

Lunag Numtha 4 12 4

Bokeo 4 12 4

Toal 12 36 12

4. Detailed Activities (including Venue and Participants) 29 April 2013: Meeting with PPO and DCO of Phongsaly District for MongChau-Komaen Sub Project Road Development : The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:  Introduction of the monitoring team and PPOs and DCO Representative,  The overview of the Safeguards’ Monitoring, ADB Safeguards monitoring Policy for Project , and also presentation of the objectives filed survey and work Plan by Safeguards monitoring team and GIC / CD;  Brief progress report of subprojects in Phongsaly province by Provincial project office team management, technical knowledge, etc. through the training, On-the-job training, practical works and demonstrations;  The establishment of different committees at provincial, district and village levels to responsible for the subprojects implementation.  So far, only one of the subprojects of first year in Phongsaly province has been implemented. Other 2 subprojects have not yet implemented; no any construction activities, but biddings were made and the construction work would be started after wet season of 2013;  The committees at provincial, district and village levels have been formed; e.g. grievance committee at district and village level, road maintenance groups and water user groups in villages;  Up to now, there have not been any complaints letters received by the district and provincial committees from 3 subprojects in terms of social and environmental concerns;  The PPO and DCOs plan to work on socio-economic survey,

Recommendation by Safeguard Monitoring Team at the meeting  Requesting PPO and DCOs to provide the document related to institutional arrangement (committees at different levels);  The role of the PPO and DCOs to monitor the construction activities of the subprojects in terms of environmental and social issues, compensation, participation of the ethnic minorities to the project and community development programs.  Ensuring the participation of the relevant sectors at provincial and district levels in the monitoring programs.  Ensuring the enforcement and compliance of the EMP and SMP to construction

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contractors; in particularly worker's camps and construction sites.

Meeting with district and authorities of 4 villages: Mongchao, Cha Phou and Phousum ,Komen people attended (Annex 01).

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:  Overview of the safeguard monitoring, objective and team introduction;  The village chiefs of 4 villages briefed on the project activities and the concerns from villagers raised;  Construction of Mongchao-Komaen road development project has begun in November 2012. it is now 19% completed; Mainly earth works.  Camp installation completed;  Local employment has been implemented;  The committees and district and village levels for Mongchao-Koman have been formed; e.g. grievance committee at district and village level, road maintenance groups in villages;  The authorities of the 4 villages confirmed that there has not been any negative environmental impacts from the construction activities of the Mongchao-Koman road;  For the social aspect, the owners of tea plantations and the houses that expected be affected by the road development confirmed with high satisfaction with the process and solutions implemented by relevant authorities at different levels; in particular the grievance committees. The APs engaged in all stages of the consultations;  Community development activities (poultry raising): 44 households for chicken raising was selected as pilot groups of the first year and 800 chickens of 2000 have been delivered to the target households in Mongchao and Cha Phou, Phousum and Komen villages;  The construction contractor agreed to schedule for the travelling of the villagers on this road with the provincial and district authorities as well as the authorities of 4 villages utilized this road. This is to reduce the inconvenience on the use of road and safety purpose for the villagers who utilize this road. The schedule of working hour is due between 7:00-11:00 and 13:00-16:00;  Compliant and grievance: So far there have not been any written complaints from the communities to each village authory. Even through some misunderstandings raised by few people in the villages, but eventually they were clarified by the village authorities;  Perception of the villagers to the project implementation: In general, people in the villages are very happy with the implementation of the project and the progress of the work, they can travel along the road much easier and safer and less time.

01 May 2013: Meeting with PPO, DCO and 6 Villages Authorities (Bankat, Ban Lume , Ban Theng , Somxay and Phousang), beneficiary villages of Nam Ou Irrigation Development Subproject. . The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:  Introduction of the monitoring team and PPOs and DCOs representatives;  Overview of the Safeguard monitoring, ADB safeguard monitoring policy for project, objectives of the field survey and work plan;

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 Brief progress report of Nam Ou subproject;  Improved capacity and skills for the staff of the provincial and district levels for the project management, technical knowledge, etc. through the training, onn-the-job training, practical works and demonstrations;  The establishment of different committees at district and village levels to responsible for the subprojects implementation (Annex: 02)  Work plan for the next-step activities for Nam Ou subproject;  Construction work for the Nam Ou irrigation development project has not yet started;  The bidding for the project has been made;  The committees and district and village levels for Nam Ou subproject have been formed; e.g. grievance committee at district and village level, irrigation water user groups in villages;  Up to now, there have not been any complaints letters received by the village and district committees from subprojects in terms of social and environmental concerns;  For Community Development program, Completed 5 WUG establishment and completed technical awareness campaign on 4 Topic ( HIV.AIDS.STI prevention, Sanitation and Hygiene , Basic Knowledge for Gender Development);  Construction has not been yet started, there is no any reports on change of environmental and social aspects;  Discussion Perception of the villagers: Very positive response from the communities to the subproject made to the project implementation.

03 May 2013: Meeting with, PPO and DCOs of Bountai-Ou district and authority of Nawai villages, Nam Lan sub project

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:  Introduction of the monitoring team and PPOs and DCOs representatives;  Overview of the Safeguard monitoring, ADB safeguard monitoring policy for project, objectives of the field survey and work plan;  Brief progress report of Nam Lan subproject;  The participation of officials at different levels (province, district and village) for the project implementation at stages;  Improved capacity and skills for the staff of the provincial and district levels for the project management, technical knowledge, etc. through the training, on-the-job training, practical works and demonstrations;  The establishment of different committees at district and village levels to responsible for the subprojects implementation;  Work plan for the next-step activities for Nam La Construction;  The bidding for the project has been made;  The committees and district and village levels for Nam Lan subproject have been formed; e.g. grievance committee at district and village level, irrigation water user groups in the village;  Up to now, there have not been any complaints letters received by the village and district committees from subprojects in terms of social and environmental concerns. in the contrast, villagers are very satisfied with the improvement of the existing irrigation schemes;  Community Development, Completed WUG establishment;  Completed technical Awareness campaign and more 40 % women participation in the Training and meeting;

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 Construction has not been yet started, there is no any reports on change of environmental and social aspects;  Very positive response from the communities to the subproject made.

04 April 2013: Meeting PPO and DCO of Luang Num Tha province. The meeting was taken place at PPO office

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:

 Introduction of the monitoring team, PPOs and Luangnamtha DCO representatives;  Overview of the Safeguard monitoring, ADB safeguard monitoring policy for project, objectives of the field survey and work plan;  Brief progress report of subprojects in Luangnamtha province by Provincial project office team leader; Mr. Sonexay and Irrigation technical, Community Development, and the DCO representatives. The participation of officials at different levels (province, district and village) for the project implementation at different stages;  The status of the implementation activities in each subproject;  Improved capacity and skills for the staff of the provincial and district levels for the project management, technical knowledge, etc. through the training, On-the-job training, practical works and demonstrations;  The establishment of different committees at provincial, district and village levels to responsible for the subprojects implementation (Annex: 02);  Only one of the subprojects of first year in Luangnamtha province has been implemented. Other 2 subprojects have not yet implemented; no any construction activities, but biddings were made and the construction work would be started after wet season of 2013 or after harvesting the crop;  The committees at provincial, district and village levels for subprojects in Luangnamtha province have been formed; e.g. grievance committee at district and village level, irrigation maintenance and water user groups in villages;  There has not been any complaints letters received by the district and provincial committees from 3 subprojects in terms of social and environmental concerns;  The PPO and DCOs plan to work on socio-economic survey for year 3 subprojects, Irrigation O&M training ToT, WUG Financial management training to all WUG executives communities and Also new WUG Development in Sub project year 2.

Recommendation by Safeguard Monitoring Team at the meeting  Requesting PPO and DCOs to provide the document related to institutional arrangement (committees at different levels);  The role of the PPO and DCOs to monitor the construction activities of the subprojects in terms of environmental and social issues, compensation, participation of the ethnic minorities to the project and community development programs;  Ensuring the participation of the relevant sectors at provincial and district levels in the monitoring programs;  Ensure the enforcement and compliance of the EMP and SMP to construction contractors; in particularly worker's camps and construction sites

Meeting with Villages Chief of 6 Villages ( Namngen, Loang ,Konn Vientai , Neea and nam Chang ) , Lao women Union and WUG executives communities at Nam Ngen

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Villages office  Overview of the safeguard monitoring, objective and team introduction;  The village chiefs of 6 villages briefed on the project activities and the concerns from villagers raised;  Completed Villages consultation meeting and Villages stakeholder meeting;  Completed Social impact Assessment (SIA);  Completed WUG establishment;  There has been good coordination between village authorities, DCO and provincial levels;  The construction work will be started after harvesting the crops;  Discussion about environmental and social concerns;  So far there have not been any written complaints from the communities to each village authority;  The authorities of the 7 villages confirmed that there would not be any negative social and environmental impacts from the subproject. The people in 7 villages involved during the feasibility study of the project; in particular environmental and social aspects and they have been well informed;  Community development activities (poultry raising and new rice seed pilot case, training of knowledge on environmental, impact of chemical use on agriculture, AIDS and gender issues to communities in the subproject area);  Village authorities and villagers in the subproject area confirmed that the project will bring them more benefits (positive) than negative impacts.

05 May 2013: Meeting with PPO and DCO of Long district and villages chief of Nam Ma Oun Sub project

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:

 Introduction of the monitoring team and PPOs and DCOs representatives;  Overview of the Safeguard monitoring, ADB safeguard monitoring policy for project, objectives of the field survey and work plan;  Brief progress of Nam Ma Oune subproject;  The participation of officials at district and village for the project implementation at stages;  Improved capacity and skills for the staff of the provincial and district levels for the project management, technical knowledge, etc. through the training, On-the-job training, practical works and demonstrations;  The establishment of different committees at district and village levels to responsible for the subprojects implementation;  Work plan for the next-step activities for Nam Ma Oune subproject;  The bidding for the subproject has been made;  The committees at district and village levels for Nam Ma-Oune subproject have been formed; e.g. grievance committee at district and village level, irrigation water user groups in villages;  Training of knowledge on environmental, impact of chemical use on agriculture, AIDS and gender issues to communities in the subproject area;

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 Completed of Community Development program;  Very positive response from the village authority and communities to the subproject.

Recommendation by Safeguard Monitoring Team at the meeting

 The role of the PPO and DCOs to monitor the construction activities of the subprojects in terms of environmental and social issues, compensation, participation of the ethnic minorities to the project and community development programs.  Ensure the participation of the relevant sectors at provincial and district levels in the monitoring programs.  Ensure the enforcement and compliance of the EMP and SMP to construction contractors; in particularly worker's camps and construction sites when the construction work started

06 May 2013: Meeting with PPO and DCO of Sing District

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:

Site visited Nam Dai subproject contractor camps  Construction works: 63.05% for Nam Dai 5 and 74.3% for Nam Dai 6;  Employment of local labors has been taken place;  Public consultations environment, socio-economic;  The role of the PPO and DCOs to monitor the construction activities of the subprojects in terms of environmental and social issues, compensation, participation of the ethnic minorities to the project and community development programs;  Ensure the participation of the relevant sectors at provincial and district levels in the monitoring programs;  Ensure the enforcement and compliance of the EMP and SMP to construction contractors;  n particularly worker's camps and construction sites when the construction It is confirmed by DOC and VCOs that there has not been any negative impacts on social

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and environmental aspects to the villages in the project area;  Communities in 3 villages were informed and disseminated through the consultation workshops, group discussion and reports;  The paddy fields are not affected from water diversion during the construction of weirs as there are no cultivation activities taken place at downstream;  No any environmental or social concerns as the construction site and camp are quite far from the residential areas;  Borrow pits for material extraction and spoil disposal arrangement are based on the agreement between land owners, village and district authorities with contractor. work started;  In particular, worker's camps and construction sites when the construction. It is confirmed by DOC and VCOs that there has not been any negative impacts on social and environmental aspects to the villages in the project area;  Communities in 3 villages were informed and disseminated through the consultation workshops, group discussion and reports.

07 May 2013: Meeting with PPO and DCO of Hoauyxai district at PPO office

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:

 Introduction of the monitoring team, PPOs and Houayxai DCO representatives;  Overview of the Safeguard monitoring, ADB safeguard monitoring policy for project, objectives of the field survey and work plan;  Brief progress report of subprojects in Bokeo province by Provincial project office team leader; Mr. Somsanith and Mrs. Sel Kham CD team, Mr. Phetsamone the DCO representative;  The participation of officials at different levels (province, district and village) for the project implementation at different stages;  Improved capacity and skills for the staff of the provincial and district levels for the project management, technical knowledge, etc. through the training, on-the-job training, practical works and demonstrations;  The establishment of different committees at provincial, district and village levels to responsible for the subprojects implementation;  Only one of the subprojects of first year in Bokeo Province has been implemented;  Other 2 subprojects have not yet implemented; no any construction activities, but biddings were made and the construction work would be started after wet season of 2013 or after harvesting the crops;  The committees at provincial, district and village levels for subprojects in Bokeo province have been formed; e.g. grievance committee at district and village level, irrigation;  There have not been any complaints letters received by the district and provincial committees from 3 subprojects in terms of social and environmental concerns;  Maintenance and water user groups requested PPO and DCOs to provide the document related to institutional arrangement (committees at different levels);  The role of the PPO and DCOs to monitor the construction activities of the subprojects in terms of environmental and social issues, compensation, participation of the ethnic

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minorities to the project and community development programs;  Ensure the participation of the relevant sectors at provincial and district levels in the monitoring programs;  Ensuring the enforcement and compliance of the EMP and SMP to construction contractors; in particularly worker's camps and construction sites in villages;  The authorities of villages confirmed that there would not be any negative social and environmental impacts from the subproject as this subproject will be improvement of existing scheme.  The people in the villages have been involved during the feasibility study of the scheme; training of knowledge on environmental, impact of chemical use on agriculture, AIDS and gender issues to communities in the subproject area, plan for the cropping new rice-type seed as pilot project for households in the project area;  Poultry raising as pilot project in the project area;  So far there have not been any written complaints from the communities to each village authority;  Village authorities and villagers in the subproject area confirmed that the project will bring them more benefits (positive) than negative impacts.

02:00 PM Meeting with DCO Paktha at DCO at Paktha Office

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:

 Introduction of the monitoring team and PPOs and DCOs representatives;  Overview of the Safeguard monitoring, ADB safeguard monitoring policy for project, objectives of the field survey and work plan;  Brief progress of Nam Xo subproject;  The participation of officials at district and village for the project implementation at stages;  Improved capacity and skills for the staff of the provincial and district levels for the project management, technical knowledge, etc. through the training, on-the-job training, practical works and demonstrations;  The establishment of different committees at district and village levels to responsible for the subprojects implementation;  The bidding for the subproject has been made;  Work plan for the next-step activities for Nam Xo subproject;  The committees at district and village levels for Nam Xo subproject have been formed; e.g. grievance committee at district and village level, irrigation water user groups in villages;  Up to now, there have not been any complaint letters received by the village and district committees from subprojects in terms of social and environmental concerns as the construction work has not yet started.

04:00 PM The Safeguard monitoring team/ PPO/DCO Travel to Houayxo Sub project overnight at

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Ban Dong

08 May 2013: Meeting with 3 Village (Ban Dong, Pangsa and pakxo)

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:

 Introduction of the monitoring team and PPOs and DCOs representatives;  Overview of the Safeguard monitoring, ADB safeguard monitoring policy for project, objectives of the field survey and work plan;  Presentation of Implementation progress from Villages head;  On going well from the Project process;  Villages received training of knowledge on environmental, impact of chemical use on agriculture, AIDS and gender issues to communities in the subproject area;  New rice seed and other crops as pilot;  Poultry raising programs for Gender /Indigenous / Poor;  Completed WUA development Program (Completed 3 of WUG establishment) 21 member of WUG executive communities including 5 female;  Construction has not been yet started, there is no any changes of environmental and social aspects;  Very positive response from the village authority and communities to the subproject;  45 % Women participation in project training and other meeting and discussion.

Recommendation by Safeguard Monitoring Team at the meeting  The role of the PPO and DCOs to monitor the construction activities of the subprojects in terms of environmental and social issues, compensation, participation of the ethnic minorities to the project and community development programs.  Ensure the participation of the relevant sectors at provincial and district levels in the monitoring programs.  Ensure the enforcement and compliance of the EMP and SMP to construction contractors; in particularly worker's camps and construction sites when the construction work started

09 May 2013: Meeting with PPO and DCO of Pha Oudom district, Nam Haad subproject at Pha Oudom DCO Office

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:

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 Brief progress of Nam Haad subproject;  The participation of the officials at different levels (province, district and village) for the project implementation at various stages;  Improved capacity and skills for the staff of the provincial and district levels for the project management, technical knowledge, etc. through the training, On-the-job training, practical works and demonstrations;  The establishment of different committees at district and village levels to responsible for the subprojects implementation;  Work plan for the next-step activities for Nam Dai subproject;  Construction work for Nam Haad subproject is 65.4% and it is expected to complete in July 2013;  Employment of local labours have been taken place;  Public consultations environment, socio-economic, compensation and social aspects were implemented by consultants.

Meeting with 4 Villages of Nam Haad sub Project (Ban Thin, PhaOudom, Phonxay and Phonsavng)

The discussion during the meeting are outlined in the followings:

 Introduce team;  Present the objective of safe grads monitoring;  Institutional arrangement discussed. The committees at district and village levels for Nam Haad subproject have been formed; e.g. grievance committee at district and village level, irrigation water user groups in the villages.  Up to now, there have not been any complaints letters received by the village and district committees from subprojects in terms of social and environmental concerns. in the contrast, villagers are very satisfied with the improvement of the existing irrigation scheme;  Contractor often coordinates closely with land owners, village authorities and DCO for any activities that would affect to the agricultural land of villagers;  It is confirmed by DOC and VCOs that there has not been any negative impacts on social and --environmental aspects to the villages in the project area;  Communities in 3 villages were informed and disseminated through the consultation workshops, group discussion and reports;  The paddy fields are not affected from water diversion during the construction of weirs as there are no cultivation activities taken place at downstream;  No any environmental or social concerns as the construction site and camp are quite far from the residential areas;  Borrow pits for material extraction and spoil disposal arrangement are based on the agreement between land owners, village and district authorities with contractor;  Very positive response from the communities to the subproject;

Recommendation by Safeguard Monitoring Team at the meeting  The role of PPO and DCOs to monitor the construction activities of the subprojects in terms of environmental and social issues, compensation, participation of the ethnic minorities to the project and community development programs.

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 Ensuring the participation of the relevant sectors at provincial and district levels in the monitoring programs.  Ensuring the enforcement and compliance of the EMP and SMP implementation to construction contractors; in particularly worker's camps and construction sites when the construction work started.  Regular environmental and social monitoring on the construction site and camp shall be carried out.

5. Achievements 1. Completed first field survey and visited 9 subproject year 1 of 9 districts of 3 Provinces. The field trip was well supported by PPO and DCO from each Provinces, Villages Authorities and other organization in the villages support good answers and well organized of meeting at the village level.

2. Completed 3 site visits of contractor camps. ( Mong Chao, Nam Dai and Nam Haad)The villages from each sub project contribution construction of Camps ( with local material wood ,stone )

3. Completed water sampling 8 subprojects year 1 of 3 Provinces and also for identifying any potentially significant land /assess / culture Impacts, and transferring to lab in Vientiane.(for BOD, COD and other parameters). Biodiversity observation (e.g vegetation disturbance, aquatic environment and observation of observation of physical environment (hydrology, erosion ,air emission ) 4. The details is outlined in the Safeguards Report by the end of June 2013. 5. It is reported by the PPO and DCO that the technical awareness campaign in 47 villages 9 districts, with a total of 2,283 participants, 1,718 males (50 %) and 1,661 females (50 %) were completed. The objective of technical awareness campaign is:  To increase the awareness and knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS/STD and method of prevention infection and to achieve the behavior change STD exposure among workers;  To provide awareness campaign specially on basic knowledge of sanitation and hygiene (clean-toilet house, washing hand before eating, soled waste management), and basic knowledge of primary health care.  To increase the awareness and knowledge regarding Gender Development  To provide knowledge on agro-chemical versus various crops intensifications  Ongoing technical awareness campaign for subproject year 1  PPO and DCO of Luang Namtha and Bokeo shall continue to do the campaign in the subprojects.  People from the villages are very happy with these activities, since this is the first time for them. They requested the project to continue such support for them.

6. Site visit of chicken raising, meeting and discussing with households of chicken raising in Phongsaly (Mongchau Komen), Luang Namtha (Hongkong subproject), 3 subprojects in Bokeo province. The PPO and DCO team of each province has completed the procurement of chicken or parent's poultry, and delivered the chickens to the villagers.

Next Action Plan: Next Plan : End of July 2013

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Annex 7: Environmental and social related issues checklists Environmental CHEKCK LIST Subproject Name...... date:

Description Status () Additional Comments

A-Physical Conditions yes no

1-Ambien air quality

Are dust emission being regulated through sprinkling water on the routes being used the contractor

Are vehicle speeds being monitored to avoid excessive dust emissions at dust prone areas near and within the residential area?

Are there any signs or poster of speed limit on the road

2. Noise Control

In case excessive levels are detected have appropriate mitigation measures been taken?

In restriction of working hour for heavy machine/blasting/vehicles is being observed

3- Waste Material

Are there waste bins provided/ available in the construction site?

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Are the waste bins emptied on a regularly in the designated burn pit ?

Is food waste disposed in the open?

Is the combustible waste burnt regularly in the burn pit?

Is waste being stored temporarily onsite within a designated area?

Do the vehicles carry adequate containers/trash bags foe litter/garbage and are they emptied at the campsite or other designed location regularly?

Is medical waste being stored separately at the campsite?

Are different types of wastes are separated for recycle and reuse?

Are the worker's camps clean?

4- Fuel/Lubricant/chemicals

Are the fuel tanks properly marked with their contents?

Are the fuel and oil handled in a safe manner, ensuring no leakage or spillage with impervious floor underneath to prevent soil contamination from leaks or spills?

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Are the spills and leaks thoroughly cleaned?

Is the fuel transfer operation being supervised?

Is regular inspection carried out to cheek leaks and spills?

Are there any leakages or spillages observe on the construction site during the site visit?

5-Traffic management

Is vehicle speed limit being followed?

Are pressure horns being used?

Is the movement of all project vehicles and personnel been restricted to within the work areas?

Do all vehicles and generators have muffles to reduce noise levels whilst working close to communities?

Are the drivers are trained on traffic safety?

Are there any signs or poster of speed limit available on site

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6. Soil Conditions

Is any soil erosion due to construction activities observed?

Has the movement of construction equipment been restricted to work areas to avoid unnecessary disturbance to different soil types in the project area?

Have the areas along the access road/along canal been visually monitored and show any signs of soil erosion? are the spoil disposal areas are well maintained ?

Are there any soil erosion control measures practiced ?

Have the areas along the access road been visually monitored and show any signs of soil erosion?

7. Borrow/pit area

Is necessary approval for the borrow areas are obtained from the Engineer?

Is the topsoil of the borrow pits removed and conserved for rehabilitation of the borrow areas?

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Is the conditions of approval for excavation of the borrow pits are complied with?

Is the drainage profile of the area in maintained to avoid impoundment of the agricultural runoff or storm water in the borrow areas?

8-Camp site

Are generators in the construction camp properly maintained?

Is the emergency response plan available on site

Are the camps are provided with basic sanitation and hygiene?

Are the camp always kept clean?

9-Water resources and water quality Management

Has any natural drainage been disturbed or altered?

are there any fishing activities by the workers observed?

Is the wastewater from workers' camp or construction activities

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Are there any wastewater management measures?

B-Biological Conditions

1-Flora

Have trees and branches from forest or nearby been used as fuel wood or other purposes?

Has vegetation clearance been minimized with the construction site?

2-Fauna

Are the drivers careful and watchful about wild and domestic animals?

Are there any activities related to wildlife hunting /eating/trading/cooking during the visit

Are there any awareness training programs for workers on environmental protection (in particular; the wildlife conservation)?

C- Information disclosure, Consultation and Participation

Have you ever participated the meeting/consultations related to environmental issues conducted by Project teams

(describe) What kind of meetings/topics have you attended?

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 Through brochure distributed by the Government; Through media like newspaper or TV; Through bulletin;Household How did you know the project information ? investigation by project staff;Neighborhood committee/villagers’ meeting ;Discussion with neighbors.

Are there any dissemination of information on environmental impacts (through meeting/discussion/brochure/media/ newspaper) ?

How often are meetings/training/consultation taken place annually?

Are there any awareness training concerning environmental impacts and mitigation measures

Are there any records of the meeting and consultation workshops at different level for environmental issues (PPOs or DCOs)?; provide the details or document of such activities

D- Complaints and Grievance redress mechanism

What kind of channel will you use to express your personal opinion  Neighborhood; or complain if there is any problem? committee/village leader;  district or province;project employer; No idea

Has the committee for compliant, grievance and resolution been

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1 established?

Is the complaint and resolution procedures/mechanism existed for the subproject?

Are complaints from local communities being registered and responded to?

Have the grievances of the community addressed properly?

Have the local communities been formally notified about methods for registering complaints regarding the environmental issues?

Who are the responsible project staff for the complaints and At provincial/district/village level grievance redress mechanism on environmental impacts

Have Local communities (affected people) been introduced with such complain, grievance and resolution procedures and mechanism for environmental impacts?

Have complaints of APs been recorded/registered concerning environmental impact from subproject activities?

How many times did you complain about Environmental impacts? 0; 1; 2;3; 4;  5; 6 (for the APs only) time or more

Are the complaints resolved by the committee ? (APs only)

What kind of complaints are often issued by the APs ? (add)

E-Socio-economic

During construction have good management practices been adopted by avoiding disturbance to areas adjacent to work area

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1 including the well site?

Are employment opportunities been provided to local people?

How do you select the local people (particularly; APs) to the add project works?

Are all community related mitigation measures being adhered to?

F. Public satisfaction

Are you satisfied with overall Environmental impact management  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  of the project so-so ; Not satisfied

Are you satisfied with performance of the project staff on  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  environmental management for the project ? so-so ; Not satisfied

 very satisfied;  Satisfied;  Are you satisfy with the current environmental monitoring system so-so ; Not satisfied

 very satisfied;  Satisfied;  Are you satisfied with current living environment? so-so ; Not satisfied

 very satisfied;  Satisfied;  Are you satisfied with current environment status? so-so ; Not satisfied

Do you have other comments on the environmental impacts (add)

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Check List on the Ethnic Group /Indigenous people development plan

Question Option Action up to date Remark (rate: not satisfied, good and very good)

1. Ethnic Group Development Plans

Did the minority groups of people participate the Yes; No early-stage of project planning and implementation

Are the minority people considered for employment and involve in the project Yes; No implementation?

Number of Ethnic people involve in the 0; 1-5;  6-10; more than 10 construction work of project

Are there any prioritizing employment for the ethnic people in the project works

Are there any development programs for ethnic Yes; No groups of people in the project implementation how is the project influenced the livelihood of positive change; no change;  minority people negative change

Has the ethnic people involved in the village Yes; No organization related to the subproject activities

Have the ethnic people been promoted to Yes; No participate the project implementation

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Are there any skill training for the ethnic group Yes; No people being implemented

The proportion of the ethnic people participated very few;  a few;  half of the each the consultation and meeting participants

3- Information disclosure, Consultation and Participation

How did you know the project information ?  Through brochure distributed by the Government; Through media like newspaper or TV; Through bulletin;Household investigation by project staff;Neighborhood committee/villagers’ meeting ;Discussion with neighbors.

Have you ever participated the meeting/ consultations conducted by Project teams as representative of ethnic group people

Have the consultations/meeting covered the issues on the participation of the ethnic group people and their opportunity from the project

Have there been any disseminations of information on about the project; in particular for ethnic group people (through meeting/discussion/brochure/media/ newspaper) by the project staff?

What kind of meetings/topics have you attended? (describe)

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How often are meetings/training/consultation taken place annually?

Are such trainings/meetings or consultations participated by the ethnic people

Are there any records of the meeting and consultation workshops with ethnic people (PPOs or DCOs/village only)?; provide the details or document of such activities

4- Complaints and Grievance redress mechanism

What kind of channel will you use to express your  Neighborhood; committee/village personal opinion or complain if there is any leader;  district or province;project problem related to ethnic group developments or employer; No idea cultural/traditional concerns ?

Has the grievance committee been established for the ethnic people concerns ? (PPOs/DCOs/village only)

Is the complaint and resolution procedures/mechanism existed for the subproject?

Are complaints from ethnic people being registered and responded to?

Have the grievances of the ethnic people

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1 addressed properly?

Have the ethnic people been formally notified about methods for registering complaints?

Who are the responsible project staff for the At provincial/district/village level complaints and grievance redress mechanism (PPOs/DCOs/village only)?

Have ethnic people (APs) been introduced with such complaint, grievance and resolution procedures and mechanism (PPOs/DOCs/village only)?

Have complaints of ethnic people been recorded /registered concerning their livelihood, culture and tradition affected from subproject activities?

How many times did you complain about ethnic 0; 1; 2;3; 4;  5; 6 time people impacts? (for the APs only) or more

Are the complaints resolved by the committee ? (APs only)

What kind of complaints are often issued by the (add) ethnic people (PPOs/DCOs/village)?

5. Public satisfaction

Are you satisfied with mitigation of the impacts  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- from the project activities to the ethnic people? so ; Not satisfied

Are you satisfied with compensation policy ( land  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- and housing compensation subsidies for ethnic

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1 people) ? so ; Not satisfied

Are you satisfied with fulfillment of ethnic group  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- development plans and policies? so ; Not satisfied

Are you satisfied with current participation  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- /engagement of ethnic people in the project so ; Not satisfied activities?

Are you satisfied with the subproject working  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- procedures with the concerned stakeholders so ; Not satisfied

 very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- Employment of ethnic people for the project works so ; Not satisfied

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

Check List on the Gender action plans

Question Option Action up to date Remark (rate: not satisfied, good and very good)

1. Gender Action Plans

Are the local women engaged in the decision Yes; No making during the project planning, design and implementation period

consultation workshop;  group How did the women involve in early-stage of discussion;  involvement in decision works making; invite to participate in every meeting

Are there any involvement of women in the Yes; No committee at different level (PPOs, DCOs/village)?

Are the women considered proportionally Yes; No employed for project implementation

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

 Agricultural techniques;  What kind of skill trainings have been carried out business or trading ;  handicraft art; for women?  livestock raising; fishing farming techniques  no any training

Has the participation of the women positively Yes; No changed when this project started

How many female employees work in the project 0; 1-5;  6-10; more than 10 (if the project construction started)

Are the issues raised/proposed by women are Yes; No considered and responded effectively

Are there any prioritizing opportunities for women Yes; No

Are there any plans for women development Yes; No programs established

Has the women included in the socio-economic Yes; No survey ?

Is there a mechanism for ensuring the women's Yes; No participation at each stage of project ?

Are there any separate meetings/consultations Yes; No taken place with women groups ?

Were women been consulted on the resettlement / Yes; No compensation plan?

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

3- Information disclosure, Consultation and Participation

How did you know the project information ?  Through brochure distributed by the Government;  Through media like newspaper or TV; Through bulletin;Household investigation by project staff;Neighborhood committee/villagers’ meeting ;Discussion with neighbors.

Have you ever participated the meeting/ Yes; No consultations conducted by Project teams as representative of women ?

Have the consultations/meeting covered the Yes; No issues on the participation of the women group and their opportunity from the project?

Have there been any disseminations of Yes; No information on about the project; in particular for gender issues (through meeting/discussion/brochure/media/ newspaper) by the project staff?

Are there any meetings/consultations with women Yes; No separately by the woman facilitator?

What kind of meetings/topics have you attended? (describe)

How often are meetings/training/consultation Yes; No taken place annually?

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

Are such trainings/meetings or consultations Yes; No participated by the women in the community?

Are there any records of the meeting and Yes; No consultation workshops with ethnic people (PPOs or DCOs/village only)?; provide the details or document of such activities

4- Complaints and Grievance redress mechanism

Has the grievance committee been established for Yes; No the gender issue ? (PPOs/DCOs/village only)

Is the complaint and resolution Yes; No procedures/mechanism existed for the subproject?

Are complaints from women being registered and Yes; No responded to?

Have the grievances of the women addressed Yes; No properly?

Have the women been formally notified about Yes; No methods for registering complaints?

Who are the responsible project staff for the At provincial/district/village level complaints and grievance redress mechanism (PPOs/DCOs/village only)

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

Have women been introduced with such complain, Yes; No grievance and resolution procedures and mechanism (PPOs/DOCs/village only)?

Have complaints of women been recorded Yes; No /registered concerning their livelihood, culture and tradition affected from subproject activities?

How many times did you complain about gender 0; 1; 2;3; 4;  5; 6 time concerns? (for the APs only) or more

Are the complaints resolved by the committee ? Yes; No (APs only)

What kind of complaints are often proposed by the (add) women PPOs/DCOs/village)?

5. Public satisfaction

Are you satisfied with mitigation of the impacts  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- from the project activities for women? so ; Not satisfied

Are you satisfied with compensation policy ( land  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- and housing compensation subsidies for women? so ; Not satisfied

Are you satisfied with fulfillment of gender  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- development plans and policies? so ; Not satisfied

Are you satisfied with current participation  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- /engagement of women in the project activities? so ; Not satisfied

Employment opportunities for women in the  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- project works so ; Not satisfied

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

Check List on the for land acquisition, Resettlement and compensation (LARC)

Question Option Action up to date Remark (rate: not satisfied, good and very good)

1. Compensation/resettlement Committee

Are there any committees at different levels Yes No (village, district and province) working on LARC and grievance established?

Did the Compensation Committee discuss with the Yes No Land lost owner?

Were the different consultation workshops/ Yes No meeting taken place at different stages of the project concerning the compensation and resettlement

Are there any compensation for assets, housing No and land loss in this subproject (PPOs and DCOs/village only)?

What kind of compensation were provided  cash support

new house; new land parcel  new assets; others

Are the resettlement is satisfactorily or voluntarily Yes No accepted by the APs

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

Did the APs voluntarily agree to donate their Yes No land/tree to the project (if any)?

Are the APs satisfied with the compensation and Yes No opportunities provided by the project ?.

has this project impacted significant for their food Yes No security or income?

Are the APs well supported by the project or local Yes No authorities through the project implementation activities?

Has the Committee planned to help APs through Yes No the project activities?

Have you employed by the contractor of the Yes No project or project activities

Are there any prioritized job opportunities for the Yes No APs to work with the project; particularly during the construction period

What kind of additional assistances/supports? Livelihood restoration

Wage labour2; cash support; others

2. Land Acquisition

Do you lose assets the subproject construction? Yes No

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

-Productive land Yes No

- Residential land Yes No

- Primary structures Yes No

- Secondary structures Yes No

- Trees Yes No

Did the compensation committee discuss with you Yes No about compensation?

Did you expect to get compensation? Yes No

Have you got compensation adequately Yes No

Do you voluntarily agree (accept) to donation Yes No

Are you happy to donate your assets to the Yes No project?

This impact significant for your food security? Yes No

3- Information disclosure, Consultation and Participation

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

;Discussion with neighbors.

Have you ever participated the meeting/ consultations related to land acquisition, displacement, and asset loss conducted by Project teams

Are there any separated consultation with affected household individually concerning the land acquisition and compensation

Have the consultations/meeting covered the issues on compensation techniques and procedures

Have there been any disseminations of information on compensation and resettlement (through meeting/discussion/brochure/media/ newspaper) by the project staff?

(describe)

What kind of meetings/topics have you attended?

How often are meetings/training/consultation taken place annually?

Are there any records of the meeting and

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1 consultation workshops at different level for compensation/resettlement (PPOs or DCOs/village only)?; provide the details or document of such activities

4- Complaints and Grievance redress mechanism

What kind of channel will you use to express your  Neighborhood; committee/village personal opinion or complain if there is any leader;  district or province;project problem related to compensation and employer; No idea resettlement?

Has the compensation/resettlement committee for compliant, grievance and resolution been established for the compensation? (PPOs/DCOs/village only)

Is the complaint and resolution procedures/mechanism existed for the subproject and introduced to the APs?

Are complaints from local communities being registered and responded to?

Have the grievances of the community addressed properly?

Have the local communities been formally notified about methods for registering complaints?

Who are the responsible project staff for the At provincial/district/village level complaints and grievance redress mechanism

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1

(PPOs/DCOs/village only)

Have Local communities (affected people) been introduced with such complain, grievance and resolution procedures and mechanism (PPOs/DOCs/village only)?

Have complaints of APs been recorded/registered concerning LARC from subproject activities?

How many times did you complain about LARC? 0; 1; 2;3; 4;  5; 6 time (for the APs only) or more

Did you have complaints ?

What kind of complaints are often issued by the (add) APs (PPOs/DCOs/village) ?

Are the complaints resolved by the committee ? (APs only)

Who resolve the complaints? (add)

5. Public satisfaction

Are you satisfied with (housing and land area )  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- registration and measurement results? so ; Not satisfied

Are you satisfied with compensation policy ( land  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- and housing compensation standard, subsidies so ; Not satisfied for vulnerable groups) ?

Are you satisfied with application of compensation  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so-

Final Draft Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring Report; Package 7-1 policies? so ; Not satisfied

Are you happy to donate the assets to the project?

Are you satisfied with the subproject working  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- procedures with the concerned stakeholders so ; Not satisfied

Are you satisfied with the progress of the project  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- implementation so ; Not satisfied

Are you happy with employment of local people for  very satisfied;  Satisfied;  so- the project works so ; Not satisfied

How did you get the job to this project? (contractor)

Number of skilled, semi-skilled and non-skilled (add the number of each types) employments in this project

Where are these employees from ? Villages, district, province or others

How long did they work for? (Add)

How much do they pay? (add for each types)