Orientation Manual for Inis and Agris (Ominas)
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IAEAINIS-18 (Rev.O) ORIENTATION MANUAL FOR INIS AND AGRIS (OMINAS) INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, FEBRUARY 1979 Reports in the INIS Reference Series available in February 1979. 1AEA-1NIS-1 (Rev.4) INIS Descriptive Cataloguing Rules 1AEA-1NIS-2 (Rev.3) INIS Descriptive Cataloguing Samples IAEA-INIS-3 (Rev.5) INIS Subject Categories and Scope Descriptions IAEA-lNlS-4(Rev.l) INIS Instructions for Submitting Abstracts IAEA-IN1S-5 (Rcv.3) INIS Terminology and Codes for Countries and International Organizations IAEA-INIS-6(Rev.ll) INIS Authority List for Corporate Entries and Report Number Prefixes lAEA-lNIS-7(Rev.I) INIS Magnetic and Punched Paper Tape Codes and Character Sets lAEA-INIS-S(Rev.l) INIS Paper Tape Specifications and Record Format IAEA-1NIS-9 (Rev.2) INIS Magnetic Tape Specifications and Record Format lAEA-lNIS-lO(Rcv.l) 1NIS Transliteration Rules for Selected Non-Roman Characters 1AEA-1NIS-11 (Rev.7) INIS Authority List for Journal Titles IAEA-lNIS-12(Rev.2) INÏS Manual for Indexing- lAEA-IN!S-13(Rev.l6) INIS Thesaurus lAEA-INIS-13(Rev.l0)(F) INIS Thésaurus, version française IAEA-INIS-13(Rcv.lO)(D) INIS Thesaurus Deutsche Ausgabe IAEA-lNIS-14(Rev.l) INIS Description of Computer Prograpti IAEA-INIS-15 (Rev.O) INIS Self-Teaching Manual for Descriptive Cataloguers 1AEA-1NIS-16 (Rev.O) INIS Subject Indexing Samples IAEA-lNIS-17(Rev.O) First Steps on STAIRS IAEA-INIS-18 (Rev.O) Orientation Manual for INIS and AGRIS (OMINAS) Stocks of the following forms may be ordered by centres participating in INIS: INIS Form 1 (Rev.5) (INIS Worksheet: Bibliographic and Indexing Data) INIS Form 3 (Rev.O) (INIS Worksheet: Abstracts) Organizations participating in the INIS network may obtain forms and reasonable quantities of reports in the INIS Reference Series on application to: INIS Section International Atomic Energy Agency P.O. Box 590 A-1011 Vienna Austria ORIENTATION MANUAL FOR INIS AND AGRIS (OMINAS) Compiled by M-H. Binggeli, IAEA INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA, FEBRUARY 1979 Printed by the IAEA in Austria © IAEA, February 1979 ISBN 92-0-178279-9 FOREWORD Access to information is considered every man's right. As technological development increases, rapid access to relevant information becomes more and more of a necessity. With the rapid growth of published literature, however, individual centres find it increasingly difficult to cope with the situation and the need for economy of effort, cost and time becomes more pressing. Advances in communications technology permit the transfer of information on a more rational basis, namely in the form of cooperative pooling of effort. The result can be measured in terms of greater efficacy of coverage, speed of communication, and economy. This manual is intended as a basic introduction to two important computerized information systems which serve a world-wide international community. They represent something new in international cooperation since they operate on a decentralized, work-sharing basis. INIS (International Nuclear Information System) and AGRIS (International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology) cover subject areas which differ widely, yet the basic concepts underlying their operation and structure are very similar. The guiding principle is one of shared responsibility which starts with the development of the system itself and extends to the collection and preparation of relevant documents by the national centres, the documents then being passed to the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna for processing, merging, and distribution. The collaborative efforts which arc the basis for both information systems arc directly inspired by the concept of UNISIST, the Intergovernmental World Science Information System, which aims at promoting a worldwide network Programme for Co-operation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Information. The manual is divided into 4 parts. The first is intended as a general introduction to both systems, and gives a bird's-eye view of the principles involved in their operation. It can also form the basis of a simple orientation course on either system. The second and third deal with INIS and AGRIS. respectively, and offer orientation in considerably greater depth. The last part deals with the computer aspects of both systems. Since each pan is meant to be complete in itself, a certain amount of duplication has, at times, proved inevitable. The reader who wishes to gel still more detailed information is advised to study the various documents which constitute the reference scries and authorities for INIS or AGRIS. and to obtain information on the various training programmes in INIS or AGRIS. or on joint programmes, from their national INIS or AGRIS Liaison Officers. Their addresses are given in each issue of INIS Alomindex for INIS, and al the end of each issue of AGR1NDEX. Such information can also be obtained from the INi'S Section (IAEA. P.O. Box 590. A-1011 Vienna, Austria) for INIS, and from the AGRIS Coordinating Centre (FAO, Via délie Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy) for AGRIS. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS "OMINAS" was conceived as the result of the many enquiries made at different times by different people on different aspects of INIS and AGR1S. An attempt has therefore been made to meet this need for a general overall introduction to the two systems. The work on the production, development, maintenance, input, and output utilization requires various kinds of expertise, which accounts for the four parls of OMINAS and their different authors. The collaborative effort underlying this orientation manual has involved many individuals. In compiling and writing a "bird's eye view" of the two systems it has been necessary to consult numerous staff members who have given generously ! of their time, in terms of advice and friendly criticism. Their help has been invaluable. Grateful acknowledgement is made to them, in particular to Mr. E. Bruncnkant, Mr. A. Bcniaminov, Mr. H. Groenewegcn, and Mr. D. Davis for encouragement and some stimulating discussions: to Mrs. E. Ruckenbauer (IAEA) and Mrs. M.T. Martinelli (FAO) in Part 1 ; to Mr. P. Lcfcbvre on the work of the INIS Clearinghouse; to Mr. C. Todcschini for checking the section on the Thesaurus; and to Mrs. L. Allen, formerly of FAO, and Mr. J. Judy, FAO, for help in Part 3. Finally, special thanks are due to Miss V. Connolly for unstinting work under great pressure on the secretarial side, and to the staff members in Documents Control, especially Mr. E. Netecr and Mr. G. Lane. The manual was first used, in draft form, at the Orientation Course of the INIS/AGR1S Training Programme held in Vienna from 31 May to 24 June 1977. The present version includes several appendices not available before, a list of basic references, and a subject index. Any comments in connection with this manual should be addressed to the Head of the INIS Section, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna. AGRIS, respectively, and offer orientation in considerably greater depth. The last part deals with the computer aspects of both systems. Since each part is meant to be complete in itself, a certain amount of duplication has, at limes, proved inevitable. v INTRODUCTION Specific information systems are developed in order to simplify life for the person in need of some specific information, and those who need to supply it. An international system involves transferring information on an international scale, and should reduce duplication of effort on the part of individual centres each trying to cope with a burden too big for them. The information thus made available should be more complete, up-to-date, accessible and economical than collections feasible at a national level. INIS, the International Nuclear Information System, announces most of the world's significant literature dealing with the various aspects of the peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology. AGRIS, the International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology, covers - as its name implies - a very wide range of subjects in the agricultural field. To ensure the necessary speed in data handling on such a scale, a computer-based system is required. In view of the many different languages involved. English was selected as the common carrier-langi'age for both systems. INIS and AGRIS both operate on a work-sharing and cost-sharing principle. Each system independently pools information received from its member countries and organizations, thus establishing a "data base ". Duplication of information collecting, cataloguing and processing is prevented by doing this work once only in and by the country where such information is produced, and then centrally merging this new information in a world file. The data base is concerned with relevant documents produced in the member country, i.e. documents which fall within the range of interest (the subject scope) defined for each system. The usefulness of an information system lies not so much in the fact that it represents a large collection of information but that references relevant to a particular subject can be located easily and quickly when required. The information stored on each document must permit its later identification in a search. Special rules need to be followed in preparing an entry for each document. It is the entry that is stored in the system, not the document. The system is computerized, so that entries have to be set up in a form suitable for computer processing. All the material sent by the different centres, the so-called input, is merged at a central collecting point, and the product, consisting of the entire merged data, is then distributed to members contributing to the system. This product is called the output. The main output products are a printed journal arranged by subject, which appears periodically, and an information service on magnetic tape for countries which can utilize such "machine-readable" products.