Fabric Construction

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Fabric Construction Textile materials are produced by different construction methods. There are many advantages and disadvantages to each method which affect their end use. Weaving and knitting are the most common fabric construction methods. Other methods include non-woven fabrics such as felting, laminating and bonding. Woven Fabric Fabrics are woven on a loom by interlacing two yarns at right angles to each other. The horizontal yarns are called weft yarns. Warp yarns run The weft yarns are wrapped around the vertical the length warp yarns to create of the fabric, known an edge to the fabric, as the grain. known as the Selvedge. • Bias-the diagonal or cross grain of a woven fabric. • Selvedge- is the edge of a woven fabric that doesn’t fray. • Grain- runs the length of the fabric. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGE • Woven fabrics are at their strongest • Woven fabrics easily fray when cut. along the grain. • Lack elasticity. • The closer the weave the stronger and firmer the fabric. There are various woven fabrics; however below are the varieties you are likely to encounter: Plain weave Cotton, calico, muslin, lawn, shantung and rip-stop Nylon are common examples of plain weave fabrics. Characteristics: it looks the same from the front and back, has an even surface making it an ideal choice to print on. Twill weave Denim is the most popular twill weave fabric other examples include, drill, serge and gabardine. Characteristics: the front and back of the fabric is different. It is a strong and durable fabric ideal for home furnishings and work wear. Satin weave Satin, Sateen, duchesse and damask are all examples of satin weave fabrics. Characteristics: they are smooth, shiny, luxurious to touch and drape well. Delicate are popular for special occasion clothing. Herringbone weave Herringbone weave fabrics are popular in wool fabrics such as gabardine, tweed. Characteristics: it has a distinctive v shape pattern which is formed during its weaving process; it drapes well and is a popular fabric for suiting and outerwear. Pile Fabrics Examples of pile fabrics include Velvet, towelling, velveteen, corduroy and fake fur. Characteristics; the fabric surface has a texture due to cut fibres or loops of yarn that stand upright. .

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