DOCSLIB.ORG

Florida State University Libraries

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Florida State University Libraries Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School You Belong among the Wildlowers... Unless You're an Instagrammer: The Political Economy of the Instagram Effect iMnich etlhle Gera Nce Perewsleys Follow this and additional works at the DigiNole: FSU's Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION YOU BELONG AMONG THE WILDFLOWERS... UNLESS YOU’RE AN INSTAGRAMMER: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF THE INSTAGRAM EFFECT IN THE NEWS By MICHELLE PRESLEY A Thesis submitted to the School of Communication in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2020 Michelle Presley defended this thesis on April 6, 2020. The members of the supervisory committee were: Jennifer Proffitt Professor Directing Thesis Andy Opel Committee Member Brian Graves Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the thesis has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii For my husband, Troy. And for those vast, quiet corners of the world, the wildernesses large and small, that I have had the privilege of exploring. From the salty mangroves of my Florida home to the pinon forests of my beloved high desert, these wild slices have had a hand in shaping everything I am. To these lands and the indigenous hands that have cared for them since time immemorial – thank you from the bottom of my heart. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Words cannot express my gratitude for the mentorship of Dr. Jennifer Proffitt. This project would not have been possible without her feedback and guidance and I am so thankful for her support throughout writing this thesis and in my master’s career. I am also thankful for the contributions of my committee members, Dr. Andy Opel and Dr. Brian Graves and the time spent by all of my committee members reading and offering their valuable feedback for my work. I also wish to acknowledge the faculty and friends in the Communication department that have shaped my education and growth and the students I have had the privilege of teaching over these years. And to my Sustainable Campus and Outdoor Pursuits families, for all of the ways you have molded and shaped me personally and professionally – thank you. Also, it would be a shame not to acknowledge the wonderful people at Fermentation Lounge who have kept my glass and heart full while I worked on this project. Finally, I remain humbled and grateful for the unwavering support of my family – the people I love most in this world. To my mother, Tracy, my father, Lee, and my brother and sister, Matthew and Brittany, thank you for believing in me, supporting me, and always being on the other end of the phone. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... viii Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... ix 1. CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 1 The Problem at Hand & the Wilderness Question ......................................................................... 5 Why Political Economy ................................................................................................................... 7 Theoretical Framework ................................................................................................................... 8 Why Instagram ................................................................................................................................ 9 Wilderness and Communication: A Convergence ........................................................................ 13 The Purpose of This Study ............................................................................................................ 15 2. CHAPTER TWO: HISTORICAL ORIGINS ........................................................................... 20 Historical Beginnings: Wilderness Explored ................................................................................ 21 A Call for Wilderness Preservation ............................................................................................... 26 Wilderness Legislated ................................................................................................................... 27 Wilderness Becomes Public Land: Parks vs. People ..................................................................... 31 Wilderness 2.0 ............................................................................................................................... 42 Loved to Death in the 21st Century: The Importance of News ...................................................... 46 3. CHAPTER THREE: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND METHODOLOGY ............. 48 Key Terms: Ideology, Neoliberalism, Commercialization, and Commodification ....................... 48 Political Economy of Media: A Theory and a Method ................................................................. 52 Political Economy of Journalism ................................................................................................... 54 Techno-optimism: Can the Internet Save the News ...................................................................... 60 Environmental Issues in the Media ............................................................................................... 64 Maxwell’s Media Studies .............................................................................................................. 67 Critical Textual Analysis ............................................................................................................... 69 Methods ......................................................................................................................................... 70 4. CHAPTER FOUR: THE NAME OF THE GAME: DEREGULATION .................................. 74 Trump Era Controversy: Chaos in the Org Charts ........................................................................ 75 Inside the Department of the Interior: Deferred Maintenance, Funding Shortages, and Conflicts of Interest ........................................................................................................................................... 84 Inside the Department of Agriculture & the Forest Service .......................................................... 96 The Instagram Problem? ................................................................................................................ 98 Hemorrhaging Money: Instagram and Commercial Photo Permits ............................................ 106 Can the Outdoor Industry Save Public Lands? ............................................................................ 111 v 5. CHAPTER FIVE: THE INFLUENCE OF OWNERSHIP AND ADVERTISING ON IDEOLOGY ................................................................................................................................ 120 National News Outlets ................................................................................................................. 122 Local News .................................................................................................................................. 134 Public Media ................................................................................................................................ 137 Digital News ................................................................................................................................ 139 Niche News ................................................................................................................................. 142 Alternative News ......................................................................................................................... 148 Ideological Influence of Ownership & Support Structures ......................................................... 149 National Press .............................................................................................................................. 150 Local News .................................................................................................................................. 155 Public Media ................................................................................................................................ 162 Digital News ................................................................................................................................ 165 Niche News ................................................................................................................................. 169 Alternative News: Content Versus Structure .............................................................................. 172 Modes of Production and Ideology ............................................................................................. 174 6. CHAPTER SIX: THE IMPACT OF SOURCING CHOICES ON TRUTH CLAIMS IN THE NEWS .......................................................................................................................................... 176 Government Sources ................................................................................................................... 178 Tourism Professionals ................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Guardian News & Media
    Response to Ofcom consultations on the BBC’s commercial activities and assessing the impact of the BBC’s public service activities About Guardian News & Media Guardian Media Group (GMG), a leading commercial media organisation, is the owner of Guardian News & Media (GNM) which publishes theguardian.com and the Guardian and Observer newspapers. Wholly owned by The Scott Trust Ltd, which exists to secure the financial and editorial independence of the Guardian in perpetuity, GMG is one of the few British-owned newspaper companies and is one of Britain's most successful global digital businesses, with operations in the USA and Australia and a rapidly growing audience around the world. As well as being a leading national quality newspapers, the Guardian and The Observer have championed a highly distinctive, open approach to publishing on the web and have sought global audience growth as a priority. A key consequence of this approach has been a huge growth in global readership, as theguardian.com has grown to become one of the world’s leading quality English language newspaper website in the world, with over 156 million monthly unique browsers. From its roots as a regional news brand, the Guardian now flies the flag for Britain and its media industry on the global stage. Introduction GMG is a strong supporter of the BBC, its core values of public service and its contribution to British public life. GMG supports the fundamentals of the BBC in its current form and a universal service funded through a universal levy, at least for the period covered by the next BBC Charter.
    [Show full text]
  • Media Scion James Murdoch Quits News Corp Board 1 August 2020
    Media scion James Murdoch quits News Corp board 1 August 2020 Disney acquired most of the group's assets. James Murdoch, 47, has recently been critical of his father's business and its media coverage. In January, he denounced the climate change skepticism of some Murdoch media, citing coverage of the fires which devastated large parts of Australia. He has launched his own private holding company called Lupa Systems, which among other things has taken a stake in Vice Media. "We're grateful to James for his many years of James Murdoch, who has resigned from News Corp, has service to the company. We wish him the very best been critical of the business and its media coverage in his future endeavors," said Rupert Murdoch, executive chairman of News Corp and James's brother Lachlan Murdoch in a statement. Former 21st Century Fox chief executive James © 2020 AFP Murdoch, son of media tycoon Rupert Murdoch, has resigned from News Corp's board, according to a document released Friday by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). A letter sent by James Murdoch to the board said the decision was due to "disagreements over certain editorial content published by the company's news outlets and certain other strategic decisions." News Corp owns the Wall Street Journal, the New York Post, The Times and the Sun newspapers among others, but not Rupert Murdoch's Fox News network. James Murdoch was once seen as his father's successor, but Friday's move reinforces his disengagement from the family media empire, which grew from a newspaper group in Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract a Case Study of Cross-Ownership Waivers
    ABSTRACT A CASE STUDY OF CROSS-OWNERSHIP WAIVERS: FRAMING NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF RUPERT MURDOCH’S REQUESTS TO KEEP THE NEW YORK POST by Rachel L. Seeman Media ownership is an important regulatory issue that is enforced by the Federal Communications Commission. The FCC, Congress, court and public interest groups share varying viewpoints concerning what the ownership limits should be and whether companies should be granted a waiver to be excused from the rules. News Corporation is one media firm that has a history of seeking these waivers, particularly for the New York Post and television stations in same community. This study conducted a qualitative framing analysis of news articles from the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal to determine if the viewpoints expressed by the editorial boards were reflected in reports on News Corp.’s attempt to receive cross-ownership waivers. The analysis uncovered ten frames the newspapers used to assist in reporting the events and found that 80% of these frames did parallel the positions the paper’s editorial boards took concerning ownership waivers. A CASE STUDY OF CROSS-OWNERSHIP WAIVERS: FRAMING NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF RUPERT MURDOCH’S REQUESTS TO KEEP THE NEW YORK POST A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Communications by Rachel Leianne Seeman Miami University Oxford, OH 2009 Advisor: __________________________________ (Dr. Bruce Drushel) Reader: __________________________________ (Dr. Howard
    [Show full text]
  • NEW YORK TIMES BUILDING, 41 Park Row (Aka 39-43 Park Row and 147-151 Nassau Street), Manhattan
    Landmarks Preservation Commission March 16, 1999, Designation List 303 LP-2031 (FORMER) NEW YORK TIMES BUILDING, 41 Park Row (aka 39-43 Park Row and 147-151 Nassau Street), Manhattan. Built 1888-89; George B. Post, architect; enlarged 1903-05, Robert Maynicke, architect. Landmark Site: Borough of Manhattan Tax Map Block 101 , Lot 2. On December 15, 1998, the Landmarks Preservation Commission held a public hearing on the proposed designation as a Landmark of the (former) New York Times Bu ilding and the proposed designation of the related Landmark Site (Item No. 3). The hearing had been duly advertised in accordance with the provisions of law. Three witnesses, representing the New York Landmarks Conservancy, the Municipal Art Society, and the Historic Districts Council , spoke in favor of the designation. The hearing was re-opened on February 23 , 1999 for additional testimony from the owner, Pace University. Two representatives of Pace spoke, indicating that the university was not opposed to designation and looked forward to working with the Commission staff in regard to future plans for the building. The Commission has also received letters from Dr. Sarah Bradford Landau and Robert A.M. Stern in support of designation. This item had previously been heard for designation as an individual Landmark in 1966 (LP-0550) and in 1980 as part of the proposed Civic Center Hi storic District (LP-1125). Summary This sixteen-story office building, constructed as the home of the New York Times , is one of the last survivors of Newspaper Row, the center of newspaper publishing in New York City from the 1830s to the 1920s.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Libraries, December 1958
    San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks Special Libraries, 1958 Special Libraries, 1950s 12-1-1958 Special Libraries, December 1958 Special Libraries Association Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1958 Part of the Cataloging and Metadata Commons, Collection Development and Management Commons, Information Literacy Commons, and the Scholarly Communication Commons Recommended Citation Special Libraries Association, "Special Libraries, December 1958" (1958). Special Libraries, 1958. 10. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1958/10 This Magazine is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Libraries, 1950s at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Libraries, 1958 by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. IN1)E)LING Husines+. Technical and E'opular Periodical lncfext~s . Indexing Sen ices . .. %-39Subvottlnlittee on Indexing Report . New \. ork Times Indt-. SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION EXECUTIVE SECRETARY: MARIANI!. LUCIUS Special Libraries Association i1 East 10 Street, New York 3. New York MEMBERSHIP Due: III- $100; Actif i, -- $15; A.~.r,i~.i.r/' St(): ,-l#/i.rrt -- 515 : SINJCNI $2; Etur ri/r,.t - $5 ; Lif~, $250. For qualitications. privilege\ and further information. writc thc Enecutiw Secretarl; Speci:ll I.ibr:irie\ Assc~ciation. PUBLICATIONS Aviation subject headings, 1949 ............ $1.75 I.ibrarics for resrarch and industry Bibliography of engineering abstract- planning and equipment (SLA mono- ing services (SLA bibliography no. graph, no. 1). 1955 ................................ $3.00 1),1955 .................................................. 1.50 Map collections in the CT. S. and Can- Bibliography of new guides and aids ada; A directory, 1954 ........................ 3.00 to public documents use 1953-1956 National insurance organizations in the (SLA bibliography no.
    [Show full text]
  • The Donald Trump-Rupert Murdoch Relationship in the United States
    The Donald Trump-Rupert Murdoch relationship in the United States When Donald Trump ran as a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination, Rupert Murdoch was reported to be initially opposed to him, so the Wall Street Journal and the New York Post were too.1 However, Roger Ailes and Murdoch fell out because Ailes wanted to give more positive coverage to Trump on Fox News.2 Soon afterwards, however, Fox News turned more negative towards Trump.3 As Trump emerged as the inevitable winner of the race for the nomination, Murdoch’s attitude towards Trump appeared to shift, as did his US news outlets.4 Once Trump became the nominee, he and Rupert Murdoch effectively concluded an alliance of mutual benefit: Murdoch’s news outlets would help get Trump elected, and then Trump would use his powers as president in ways that supported Rupert Murdoch’s interests. An early signal of this coming together was Trump’s public attacks on the AT&T-Time Warner merger, 21st Century Fox having tried but failed to acquire Time Warner previously in 2014. Over the last year and a half, Fox News has been the major TV news supporter of Donald Trump. Its coverage has displayed extreme bias in his favour, offering fawning coverage of his actions and downplaying or rubbishing news stories damaging to him, while also leading attacks against Donald Trump’s opponent in the 2016 presidential election, Hillary Clinton. Ofcom itself ruled that several Sean Hannity programmes in August 2016 were so biased in favour of Donald Trump and against Hillary Clinton that they breached UK impartiality rules.5 During this period, Rupert Murdoch has been CEO of Fox News, in which position he is also 1 See e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Publishing Blackness: Textual Constructions of Race Since 1850
    0/-*/&4637&: *ODPMMBCPSBUJPOXJUI6OHMVFJU XFIBWFTFUVQBTVSWFZ POMZUFORVFTUJPOT UP MFBSONPSFBCPVUIPXPQFOBDDFTTFCPPLTBSFEJTDPWFSFEBOEVTFE 8FSFBMMZWBMVFZPVSQBSUJDJQBUJPOQMFBTFUBLFQBSU $-*$,)&3& "OFMFDUSPOJDWFSTJPOPGUIJTCPPLJTGSFFMZBWBJMBCMF UIBOLTUP UIFTVQQPSUPGMJCSBSJFTXPSLJOHXJUI,OPXMFEHF6OMBUDIFE ,6JTBDPMMBCPSBUJWFJOJUJBUJWFEFTJHOFEUPNBLFIJHIRVBMJUZ CPPLT0QFO"DDFTTGPSUIFQVCMJDHPPE publishing blackness publishing blackness Textual Constructions of Race Since 1850 George Hutchinson and John K. Young, editors The University of Michigan Press Ann Arbor Copyright © by the University of Michigan 2013 All rights reserved This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publisher. Published in the United States of America by The University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America c Printed on acid- free paper 2016 2015 2014 2013 4 3 2 1 A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Publishing blackness : textual constructions of race since 1850 / George Hutchinson and John Young, editiors. pages cm — (Editorial theory and literary criticism) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978- 0- 472- 11863- 2 (hardback) — ISBN (invalid) 978- 0- 472- 02892- 4 (e- book) 1. American literature— African American authors— History and criticism— Theory, etc. 2. Criticism, Textual. 3. American literature— African American authors— Publishing— History. 4. Literature publishing— Political aspects— United States— History. 5. African Americans— Intellectual life. 6. African Americans in literature. I. Hutchinson, George, 1953– editor of compilation. II. Young, John K. (John Kevin), 1968– editor of compilation PS153.N5P83 2012 810.9'896073— dc23 2012042607 acknowledgments Publishing Blackness has passed through several potential versions before settling in its current form.
    [Show full text]
  • The New York Times Paywall
    9-512-077 R E V : JANUARY 31, 2013 VINEET KUMAR BHARAT ANAND SUNIL GUPTA FELIX OBERHOLZER - GEE The New York Times Paywall Every newspaper in the country is paying close, close attention [to the Times paywall], wondering if they can get readers of online news to pay. Is that the future, or a desperate attempt to recreate the past?. Will paywalls work for newspapers? — Tom Ashbrook, host of On Point, National Public Radio1 On March 28, 2011, The New York Times (The Times) website became a restricted site. The home page and section front pages were unrestricted, but users who exceeded the allotted “free quota” of 20 articles for a month were directed to a web page where they could purchase a digital subscription. The paywall was launched earlier on March 17, 2011, in Canada, which served as the testing ground to detect and resolve possible problems before the global launch. The Times website had been mostly free for its entire existence, except for a few months in 2006–2007 when TimesSelect was launched. Traditional newspapers had been struggling to maintain profitability in the online medium, and they were eager to see how the public would react to the creation of a paywall at the most popular news website in the U.S. Martin Nisenholtz, the senior vice president of Digital Operations at The Times, was optimistic about the willingness of users to pay: I think the majority of people are honest and care about great journalism and The New York Times. When you look at the research that we’ve done, tons of people actually say, “Jeez, we’ve felt sort of guilty getting this for free all these years.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware
    EFiled: Jun 10 2011 6:15PM EDT Transaction ID 38082821 Case No. 6285-VCN IN THE COURT OF CHANCERY OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE ) In re NEWS CORPORATION ) Consolidated SHAREHOLDER DERIVATIVE ) C.A. No. 6285-VCN LITIGATION ) OPENING BRIEF IN SUPPORT OF DEFENDANTS K. RUPERT MURDOCH, JAMES MURDOCH, LACHLAN MURDOCH, CHASE CAREY, DAVID DEVOE, JOEL KLEIN, ARTHUR SISKIND, JOSE MARIA AZNAR, NATALIE BANCROFT, KENNETH COWLEY, VIET DINH AND JOHN THORNTON’S MOTION TO DISMISS SKADDEN, ARPS, SLATE, MEAGHER & FLOM LLP One Rodney Square P.O. Box 636 Wilmington, Delaware 19899-0636 Tel.: (302) 651-3000 Fax: (302) 651-3001 Attorneys for Defendants K. Rupert Murdoch, James Murdoch, Lachlan Murdoch, Chase Carey, David DeVoe, Joel Klein, Arthur Siskind, Jose Maria Aznar, Natalie Bancroft, Kenneth Cowley, Viet Dinh and John Thornton Dated: June 10, 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CASES AND AUTHORITIES...................................................................... iii PRELIMINARY STATEMENT .........................................................................................1 STATEMENT OF FACTS ..................................................................................................3 A. The Parties...................................................................................................3 B. The Shine Transaction. ................................................................................4 C. The Allegations In The Amended Complaint..............................................5 ARGUMENT.......................................................................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • Community Credit in Here Children’S Drawings on Display at the Big Draw Event at the Newsroom
    Community credit in here Children’s drawings on display at the Big Draw event at the Newsroom. Photograph: David Levene 40 Living our values It is not only in our editorial coverage that we have an influence over people’s lives. As a company with around 1,500 employees and an ability to tap into a wealth of resources, we are also having a direct impact on the communities we serve. This includes support for schools and journalism projects across the world, as well as HIV projects in Africa The common good The Scott Trust Foundation The range of community activities has become Guardian’s training scheme for young journal- and the War on Terror. One-off workshops also so numerous that we have spent the last year ists in South Africa, the Foundation has run in conjunction with the Newsroom’s rolling putting a more strategic focus on what we do. developed partnerships in some new countries. programme of exhibitions. This has resulted in the creation of the Scott For example, it went to Ukraine to run a sem- The adjoining archive preserves the heritage Trust Foundation, an umbrella organisation for inar on the art of reporting the EU, and invited of our papers and enables others to share our all the activities taking place under the direc- a group of dynamic young Albanians to London history. Researchers can access material rang- tion of our owner, the Scott Trust. to find out about the mechanics of setting up ing from correspondence and photographs to The Scott Trust Foundation’s central remit re- their own newspaper.
    [Show full text]
  • In 2005, Lachlan Murdoch Walked Away from a Worldwide Media Empire That Could Have Been His. Now, After Nearly a Decade of Exile
    HEIR FORCE ONE HANDS ON After nearly nine years of pursuing his own life in Australia, Lachlan AKELA/CORBIS; AKELA/CORBIS; M Murdoch—shown here In 2005, Lachlan Murdoch walked away from a worldwide media during News Corp.’s ARK ARK stressful summer of empire that could have been his. Now, after nearly a decade of M 2011—may finally be ready to take the reins. exile, power struggles, and near-catastrophic scandals, the firstborn Opposite: A protester sets fire to a copy of son of Rupert is on the verge of claiming the News Corp. throne. the now-defunct News FROM LEFT: © © LEFT: FROM WINNING/REUTERS ANDREW of the World, 2011. By MICHAEL WOLFF 152 | TOWNANDCOUNTRYMAG.COM avowals of love, always as though no one else were in the room. The Mur- dochs were the Murdochs to the exclusion of everyone else. They shared FATHER AND SON, not only billions of dollars, a global power base, and a sense of utmost LOCKED in A WAR OF WillS destiny, but a failure to separate in any modern family way. They lived in a bubble—continents apart but tying up their yachts together at conve- AND EGO AND PriDE, nient moments as often as many other families get together for dinner. This was the political reality lived by such people as then News HAVE SUffERED GREATLY Corp. COO Peter Chernin, Fox News head Roger Ailes, and Fox in THE STANDOff. broadcasting chief Chase Carey (now president and COO of 21st Century Fox). These professional managers had been key players in transforming News Corp.
    [Show full text]
  • Register of Journalists' Interests
    REGISTER OF JOURNALISTS’ INTERESTS (As at 14 June 2019) INTRODUCTION Purpose and Form of the Register Pursuant to a Resolution made by the House of Commons on 17 December 1985, holders of photo- identity passes as lobby journalists accredited to the Parliamentary Press Gallery or for parliamentary broadcasting are required to register: ‘Any occupation or employment for which you receive over £795 from the same source in the course of a calendar year, if that occupation or employment is in any way advantaged by the privileged access to Parliament afforded by your pass.’ Administration and Inspection of the Register The Register is compiled and maintained by the Office of the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards. Anyone whose details are entered on the Register is required to notify that office of any change in their registrable interests within 28 days of such a change arising. An updated edition of the Register is published approximately every 6 weeks when the House is sitting. Changes to the rules governing the Register are determined by the Committee on Standards in the House of Commons, although where such changes are substantial they are put by the Committee to the House for approval before being implemented. Complaints Complaints, whether from Members, the public or anyone else alleging that a journalist is in breach of the rules governing the Register, should in the first instance be sent to the Registrar of Members’ Financial Interests in the Office of the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards. Where possible the Registrar will seek to resolve the complaint informally. In more serious cases the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards may undertake a formal investigation and either rectify the matter or refer it to the Committee on Standards.
    [Show full text]