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1AITI 2Ountry Environmental ?Rofi!E 4 Field Study by Marko Ehrlich Fred
-1AITI BY USAID COI\'TRACT 2ountry Environmental Marko Ehrlich USAID - Ehrlich No. ?rofi!e Fred Conway 521-01224-00-4090-00 Nicsias Adrien 4 Field Study Francis LeBeau Cooperative Agreement Lawrence Lewis USAID - IIED NO. Herman Lauwerysen DAN-5517-A-00-2066-00 Ira Lowenthal Yaro Mayda Paul Paryski Glenn Smucker James Talbot Evelyn Wilcox Preface This Country Environmental Prolile (CEP) of Haiti Paul Paryski Wildlands and Wildlife, is one of a series of environmental profiles funded by ISPAN, Port-au-Prince the U.S. Agency for International Development Evelyn Wilcox Marine and Ccastal (USAID), Bureau for Latin America and the Carib- Rewurces, Washington, D.C. bean (LAC), Office of Development Resources (DR), and the USAID Mission to Haiti. The scope of work for this in-country field study was developed jointly ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS by James Talbot, USAID Regional Environmental This CEP was made possible by the contributions Management Specialist (REMSICAR) and Robert of numerous people in addition to ihe core field team. Wilson, Assistant Agricultural Development Officer, Throughout the editing process many individuals re- USAID Mission to Haiti. viewed and contributed significant components to im- prove this study. James Talbot (Geology, Marinel Marko Ehrlich was contracted as the team leader Coastal), Glenn Smucker (Chapter VII), and Ira Lo- and specialists were contracted through the Internatio- wenthal (Chapter VII) deserve special acknowledge- nal Institute for Environment and Development ment because their input was essential in strengthe- (IIED) to prepare sector reports during January 1985. ning specific sections of this report. Within the USAID Marko Ehrlich prepared the first draft of this synthesis Mission to Haiti, Ira Lowenthal, Richard Byess, Abdul and analysis of status of environment and natural re- Wahab and Barry Burnett provided constructive cri- sources in Haiti. -
On the Structure of Hurricane Daisy 1958
NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT NO. 48 On the Structure of Hurricane Daisy 1958 ^ 4 & U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Luther H. Hodges, Secretary WEATHER BUREAU F. W. Rolcheldorfoi, Chief NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT NO. 48 On the Structure of Hurricane Daisy (1958) by J6se A. Coltfn and Staff National Hurricane Research Project, Miami, Fla. Washington, D. C. October 1961 NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORTS Reports by Weather Bureau units, contractors, and ccoperators working on the hurricane problem are preprinted in this series to facilitate immediate distribution of the information among the workers and other interested units. Aa this limited reproduction and distribution in this form do not constitute formal scientific publication, reference to a paper in the series should identify it as a preprinted report. Objectives and basic design of the NHRP. March 1956. No. 1. numerical weather prediction of hurricane motion. July 1956- No. 2. Supplement: Error analysis of prognostic 500-mb. maps made for numerical weather prediction of hurricane motion. March 1957. Rainfall associated with hurricanes. July 1956. No. 3. Some problems involved in the study of storm surges. December 1956. No. h. Survey of meteorological factors pertinent to reduction of loss of life and property in hurricane situations. No. 5. March 1937* A mean atmosphere for the West Indies area. May 1957. No. 6. An index of tide gages and tide gage records for the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States, toy 1957. No. 7. No. 8. PartlT HurrlcaneVand the sea surface temperature field. Part II. The exchange of energy between the sea and the atmosphere in relation to hurricane behavior. -
Creating a Hurricane Tolerant Community
H!rt a. * am Hef7%e,,, io94 s~ NtA B.6~ «e ( >15 A Hurt a Comlnl Of+ Venice 19 "I t~Y: Oonald C aillOllette IC' i 2w-;vC p %7 iET ! A. 14- C M-i -r CREATING A HURRICANE TOLERANT COMMUNITY TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements . 1 .. Author's Notes . 5 Introduction . 6 Geography of Venice . Coastal Area Redevelopment Plan . 26 Venice Compliance Program . 62 Developing a Tolerant Building. 104 Hurricane Damage Prevention Project. .118 Growing Native for Nature ................. 136 Hurricane Defense Squadron . ............... 148 Executive Summary ..................... 157 A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S This pilot study was contracted through the State of Florida and was made possible by funding provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). William Massey and Eugene P. Zeizel, Ph.D. of FEMA and Michael McDonald with the Florida Department of Community Affairs were all instrumental in developing the scope of work and funding for this study. Special thanks go to the Venice City Council and City Manager George Hunt for their approval and support of the study. MAYOR: MERLE L. GRASER CITY COUNCIL: EARL MIDLAM, VICE MAYOR CHERYL BATTEY ALAN McEWEN DEAN CALAMARAS BRYAN HOLCOMB MAGGIE TURNER A study of this type requires time for the gathering of information from a variety of sources along with the assembling of these resources into a presentable format. Approximately six months were needed for the development of this study. The Venice Planning Department consisting of Chuck Place, Director, and Cyndy Powers need to be recognized for their encouragement and support of this document from the beginning to the end. -
Criteria for a Standard Project Northeaster for New England North of Cape Cod
•V-'v';J nagyiwraH ^r—— .Al 3°) PflSt r„y REPORT NO. 68 Criteria for a Standard Project Northeaster for New England North of Cape Cod • •• U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Luther H. Hodges, Secretary WEATHER BUREAU Robert M. White, Chief • NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT NO. 68 Criteria for a Standard Project Northeaster for New England North of Cape Cod by Kendall R. Peterson, Hugo V. Goodyear, and Staff Hydrometeorological Section, Hydrologic Services Division, Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C. UlfiMOl DbDIHSb March 1964 NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORTS Reports by Weather Bureau units, contractors, and cooperators working on the hurricane problem are preprinted in this series to facilitate immediate distribution of the information among the workers and other interested units. As this limited reproduction and distribution in this form do not constitute formal scientific publication, reference to a paper in the series should identify it as a preprinted report. No. 1. Objectives and basic design of the NHRP. March 1936. No. 2. Numerical weather prediction of hurricane motion. July 1956. Supplement: Error analysis of prognostic 300-mb. maps made for numerical weather prediction of hurricane motion. March 1937. No. 3« Rainfall associated with hurricanes. July 1956. No. U. Some problems involved in the study of storm surges. December 1936. No. 3* Survey of meteorological factors pertinent to reduction of loss of life and property in hurricane situations. March 1937. No. 6. A mean atmosphere for the West Indies area. May 1937* No. 7. An index of tide' gages and tide gage records for the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. -
National Hurricane Research Project
NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT •'•'•'• / •ST" jj&ifs v •'•'T' 0 W- L7 REPORT NO. 67 On the Thermal Structure of Developing Tropical Cyclones F=* ^ \ S>1 lv'r*;>k . SPritiJ LABORATORY i U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Luther H. Hodges, Secretary WEATHER BUREAU Robert M. White, Chief NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT NO. 67 On the Thermal Structure of Developing Tropical Cyclones DATE DUE V, Jr. -Project, Miami, Fla. QEMCO 38-297 Washington, D. C. January 1964 UlfiMDl DbDlH4fi I NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORTS this seSeTto'f^ the hurricane problem are preprinted in paperthis limitedin the seriesreproductionshouldandideS^Tdistributionasa^XSTrSJo!!?in this fom %?ZTC°nStltUte+T2S V*f0rnalWOrkers•*««««•»* otherpublication,interestedreferenceunits. toAs a Bo. 1. Objectives and basic design of the NHRP. March 1956. So. 2. Numerical weather prediction of hurricane motion. July 1956 Supplement: J™ «£jj ^prognostic 500-mb. maps made for numerical weather prediction of hurricane Ho. 3. Rainfall associated with hurricanes. July 1956 Jo. k. Some problems involved in the study of storm surges. December 1956. «o. 5. ^^-teorological factors pertinent to reduction of loss or life and property in hurricane situations. Mo. 6. Amean atmosphere for the West Indies area. May 1957 foil:, jtriTtsiwa^:^^^^^tr'i^zr1^"^^^^^0-and the atmosphere in relationVi^lSS^Sl^'j^^. "* QXtbB^ °f eBer6y between **«***•8ea «o. 9. Seasonal^variations in the fluency of Horth Atlantic tropical cyclones related to the general circulation. Ho. 10. Estimating central pressure of tropical cyclones from aircraft data. August 1957. Ho. 11. Instrumentation of National Hurricane Research Project al^Sft™Amaurt^s? Ho. 12. Studies of hurricane spiral bands as observed on radar. -
Some Properties of Hurricane Wind Fields As Deduced from Trajectories
NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT NO. 49 Some Properties of Hurricane Wind Fields as Deduced from Trajectories - U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Luther H. Hodges, Secretary WEATHER BUREAU F. W. Reichelderfer, Chief NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT NO. 49 Some Properties of Hurricane Wind Fields as Deduced from Trajectories by Vance A. Myers and William Malkin Hydrometeorological Section, Hydrologic Services Division, U. S. Weather Bureau, Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C. November 1961 } NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORTS ,i Reports oy Weather Bureau units, contractors, and cooperators working on the hurricane problem are preprinted in :;j this series to facilitate immediate distribution of the information among the workers and other interested units. As y this limited reproduction and distribution in this form do not constitute formal scientific publication, reference to a | paper in the series should identify it as a preprinted report. No. 1. Objectives and basic design of the NHRP. March 1956. •No. 2. Numerical weather prediction of hurricane motion. July 1956. Supplement: Error analysis of prognostic 500-mb. maps made for numerical weather prediction of hurricane motion. March 1957. No. 3. Rainfall associated with hurricanes. July 1956. NO. U. Some problems involved in the study of storm surges. December 1956. No. 5- Survey of meteorological factors pertinent to reduction of loss of life and property in hurricane situations. March 1957. t] No. 6. A mean atmosphere for the West Indies area. May 1957. ft HoNo. 7. An index of tide gages and tide gage records for the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. May 1957. A! No. -
P3.4 the Distribution of Precipitation Over the Northeast Accompanying Landfalling and Transitioning Tropical Cyclones
20th Conf. on Weather Analysis and Forecasting Seattle, WA, 11–15 January 2004 P3.4 The Distribution of Precipitation over the Northeast Accompanying Landfalling and Transitioning Tropical Cyclones David P. DeLuca*, Lance F. Bosart, Daniel Keyser University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York and David R. Vallee National Weather Service Forecast Office, Taunton, Massachusetts 1. INTRODUCTION United States. Approximately 3500 surface stations were analyzed for each storm period (currently: 1950– Landfalling and transitioning tropical cyclones 1991) by Ron Horwood of NWS WFO Taunton, MA. pose a significant heavy precipitation forecast challenge Obvious erroneous data were removed to obtain the most over the northeastern United States. The forecast accurate analyses possible. challenge is heightened because the heavy rainfall distribution associated with these tropical cyclones can A subset of eight storms (Fig. 1) where the be modulated significantly when the poleward-moving precipitation distribution is possibly influenced by storms interact with mobile midlatitude upper-level coastal frontogenesis was chosen from well–documented troughs and coastal fronts over regions of complex or famous cases. Detailed analyses were conducted terrain. The purpose of this paper is to document the using the four times daily (0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 large spatial and temporal variability of heavy UTC) NCEP/NCAR reanalysis dataset (Kalnay et al. precipitation that accompanies landfalling and 1996; Kistler et al. 2001) and archived DIFAX surface transitioning tropical cyclones, and to determine the charts in an attempt to elucidate both synoptic and physical basis for the observed rainfall distribution. mesoscale processes. 2. METHODOLOGY 3. RESULTS A 38-storm dataset (Fig. -
5. ATLANTIC HURRICANES Tures from 700-Nib
42 $10i\r mrAY TYESTHE R RE VIE IV Vol. 92, No. 1 washed way or buried portions ol‘ towns, and cost an estimated 5000 lives. The highest measured wind on Haiti was 120 n1.p.h. In Cuba, where 1750 lives are believed lost, winds ol‘ 70 to 100 n1.p.h. lashed eastern sections I‘or 100 or inore hours. In a 12-hr. period on October 3-4, 16 in. of rain fell at Morne Mticayu, Haiti. The storm total at Silver Hill, Jamaica was inore than 60 in. A conservative estiniate of property damage attributa- ble to Flora is $488,550,000, with some areas of Hispaniola still to be heard from. Damage to the economy of the areas worst hit is more difficult to estiiiiate but the effects ol Flora. will surely be felt for years. Hurricane Flora originated in the Tropics and remained imbedded in the tropical easterly flow for several days until it became blocked near eastern Cuba by high pressure areas to the west, north, and east. After spending nearly 5 days in the vicinity of eastern Cuba, it was picked up by westerlies in a polar trough and carried northeastward into the Atlantic. Hurricane Ginny formed in the cut-off southern section of a shearing mean trough. The storm began as a cold Low and gradually assumed tropical characteristics over warin waters of the Gulf Stream at about 34” AT. This FIGUIZE10.-Prcliminary tracks of Atlantic hurricanes and tropical storm wiis i‘xced southwestward (fig. 10) by 8 strong cyclones during October 1963. -
Reduced Drag Coefficient for High Wind Speeds in Tropical Cyclones
articles Reduced drag coefficient for high wind speeds in tropical cyclones Mark D. Powell*, Peter J. Vickery† & Timothy A. Reinhold‡ * National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Hurricane Research Division, Miami, Florida 33149, USA † University of Western Ontario, Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada ‡ Clemson University, Department of Civil Engineering, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... The transfer of momentum between the atmosphere and the ocean is described in terms of the variation of wind speed with height and a drag coefficient that increases with sea surface roughness and wind speed. But direct measurements have only been available for weak winds; momentum transfer under extreme wind conditions has therefore been extrapolated from these field measurements. Global Positioning System sondes have been used since 1997 to measure the profiles of the strong winds in the marine boundary layer associated with tropical cyclones. Here we present an analysis of these data, which show a logarithmic increase in mean wind speed with height in the lowest 200 m, maximum wind speed at 500 m and a gradual weakening up to a height of 3 km. By determining surface stress, roughness length and neutral stability drag coefficient, we find that surface momentum flux levels off as the wind speeds increase above hurricane force. This behaviour is contrary to surface flux parameterizations that are currently used in a variety of modelling applications, including hurricane risk assessment and prediction of storm motion, intensity, waves and storm surges. In strong winds, momentum exchange at the sea surface is described momentum and vorticity budgets, but errors are large. -
Storm Surge: Physical Processes and an Impact Scale
20 Storm Surge: Physical Processes and an Impact Scale Hal Needham and Barry D. Keim Department of Geography and Anthropology Louisiana State University U.S.A. 1. Introduction Tropical cyclone-generated storm surges create natural disasters that are among the most deadly and costly global catastrophes. Individual disasters have inflicted hundreds of thousands of fatalities and billions of dollars in damage. In 1970, a tropical cyclone in the Bay of Bengal generated a 9.1-meter surge which killed approximately 300,000 people in Bangladesh (Frank and Husain 1971; Dube et al. 1997; De et al. 2005). More recently, and well into the age of satellite meteorology, a storm surge in 1991 killed approximately 140,000 people in Bangladesh (Dube et al. 1997). Although the magnitude of storm surge heights and loss of life are highest along the shores of Bangladesh and India, such disasters are not limited to countries with developing economies. The 1900 Galveston Hurricane generated a 6.1-meter surge (Garriott 1900), which killed between 6,000 and 8,000 people in Galveston, Texas (Rappaport and Fernandez-Partagas 1995), producing the most deadly natural disaster in United States history (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1999). More recently, Hurricane Katrina (2005) generated an 8.47-meter surge (Knabb et al. 2006), which claimed more than 1,800 lives along the coasts of Louisiana and Mississippi, and inflicted $81 billion dollars in damage (McTaggart-Cowan et al. 2008). While tropical cyclone-generated storm surge is a deadly and costly hazard, it is also scientifically complex, because meteorological, oceanographic and geographic factors influence the height, extent and duration of storm surge flooding. -
City of Newport Comprehensive Harbor Management Plan
Updated 1/13/10 hk Version 4.4 City of Newport Comprehensive Harbor Management Plan The Newport Waterfront Commission Prepared by the Harbor Management Plan Committee (A subcommittee of the Newport Waterfront Commission) Version 1 “November 2001” -Is the original HMP as presented by the HMP Committee Version 2 “January 2003” -Is the original HMP after review by the Newport . Waterfront Commission with the inclusion of their Appendix K - Additions/Subtractions/Corrections and first CRMC Recommended Additions/Subtractions/Corrections (inclusion of App. K not 100% complete) -This copy adopted by the Newport City Council -This copy received first “Consistency” review by CRMC Version 3.0 “April 2005” -This copy is being reworked for clerical errors, discrepancies, and responses to CRMC‟s review 3.1 -Proofreading – done through page 100 (NG) - Inclusion of NWC Appendix K – completely done (NG) -Inclusion of CRMC comments at Appendix K- only “Boardwalks” not done (NG) 3.2 -Work in progress per CRMC‟s “Consistency . Determination Checklist” : From 10/03/05 meeting with K. Cute : From 12/13/05 meeting with K. Cute 3.3 -Updated Approx. J. – Hurricane Preparedness as recommend by K. Cute (HK Feb 06) 1/27/07 3.4 - Made changes from 3.3 : -Comments and suggestions from Kevin Cute -Corrects a few format errors -This version is eliminates correction notations -1 Dec 07 Hank Kniskern 3.5 -2 March 08 revisions made by Hank Kniskern and suggested Kevin Cute of CRMC. Full concurrence. -Only appendix charts and DEM water quality need update. Added Natural -
Famous Names in Sportswear in Stole V; _____ Held Critical Presbyterian Afen Will Meet Airlift Begins Tonight‘At 7:30 at the Church
'T"'‘) ■ * . ■ i. I ■ /;■ Kf- / MONDAY, OCTOBER SI, IMS PAGE SIXTEEN iiattrlf^Htpr lEn^ning ll^ralii DiocBsan Bureau of Social Service United Fuiid Member— See Page 14 Anthony D. Lupacchino, son iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiH iiii • ■ - ! I n The Weather About Town of Mis. Mary Lupacchino, 162 OPEN h DAYS — l|i ATOnge Daily N«t Press Ron Forecast ot U. 8. Weather Bureaa Chestnut St., left Saturday for FREE MAIN ST. Wir llw Week Ended Los Angelea, Calif., and a TUESDAY cmd OotolMr 19. 1988 Partly rtoudy, oontlnned breecy month's tour of the West. 'and REAR of Temple Ohapteir, OfBS, ■ will THURSDAY tIH 9 p.m . and cool to n l^ t and Wednesday. meeit at 8 pjn. on Wednesday STORE PARKING! at the Masonic Temple. Visit- Marine Pfc. Thomas Rodgers, HALE 13,850 Low tonight In the 40s and the ittg Matrons and Patrons Nigiit son of Mr. and Mrs. John T. HOUSE high Wednesday near 60. will be observed. Mr. end Mrs. Rodgers, 104 Wafiiut St., re Member o t the Audit Joseph Posick of Meridian cently participated in landing ityii BurenM o f OlroelatloB Mahche$ter— A City o f VUlage Chanri, Clhapter, Meridcin. will preside exercises with the Second Ma at the initiation. Refreshments rine Division at Camp Lejeuna, (Clasalfted Advertising on Page 19) PRICE SEVEN CENTS wlil be served after the meet- ff- C. Your Store with The Village Charm on Main Street! VOL. LXXXIII, NO» 19 (FOURTEEN ^PAGES MANCHESTER, CONN., TUESDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1963 ____ Mandhester PTA Coiincdl will ■if St. Bridget’a Rosary Society hold a meeting at the Buckley win sponsor a public military School Thursday at 7:30 p.m.