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3,209,701 Oct. 5, 1965

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3,209,701 Oct. 5, 1965 Oct. 5, 1965 D. D. PHINNEY 3,209,701 PUMP lied Oct. 5, 1962 3,209,701 United States Patent Office Patenteci Oct. 5, 1965 2 3,209,701 rendered undesirable for use in the operation of the pump. PUMP Other objects and advantages will become readily ap Damon D. Plainney, Boulder, Colo., assignor to Sund parent from the following detailed description taken in ; Strand Corporation, a corporation of Hinois connection with the accompanying drawings, in which: Filed Oct. 5, 1962, Ser. No. 228,649 FIG. 1 is a vertical section of an embodiment of the 12 Caims. (C. 103-173) pump of this invention; and FEG. 2 illustrates an enlarged vertical section of an This invention relates generally to pumps of the recip embodiment of a pumping cylinder usable in the pump il Tocating type and more particularly to a cylinder block lustrated in FIG. 1. construction for Such pumps providing for lubricating O While an illustrative embodiment of the invention is of Such pumps for use in pumping of fluids having poor shown in the drawings and will be described in detail lubricating properties. herein, the invention is susceptible of embodiment in Although in the pumping of fluids having good lubricat many different forms, and it should be understood that ing properties, the working parts of piston pumps, and the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplifica especially the side walls of the pistons and cylinders 15 tion of the principles of the invention and is not intended thereof, may receive adequate lubrication from the lubri to limit the invention to the embodiment illustrated. The cating fluid being pumped, where it is desired to pump scope of the invention will be pointed out in the appended fluids having poor lubricating properties, such as water, claims. hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, liquid gases, etc., lubrica Referring now to the drawings, numeral 30 designates tion must be applied from another source. In using piston 20 a pump housing comprising casings 31 and 32 which are pumps such as check valved piston pumps for pumping separably joined by suitable means such as bolts, for fluids with poor lubricating properties it is sometimes example as shown at 33, threaded in the casings. A desirable to use a pump designed to reduce weight and drive shaft 34 having splines 35 for attachment to a complexity. The provision of a large swashplate angle prime mover is rotatable in the housing and is splined at in a piston pump is one design feature which may be used 39 to swashplate 21 which is mounted in swashplate bear to reduce the weight and complexity of the pump. How ings 37 and 40 and is rotatable with shaft 34. Thrust ever, the use of the large Swashplate angle produces bearing member 4 is rotatably mounted on Swashplate greater side forces on the piston in the cylinders. Such 2 by snap ring 38 and bearings 42. side forces can lead to galling and wear of the piston or A plurality of axial pistons in annular array is provided cylinder. It is desirable to minimize or eliminate the 30 within the pump and although only piston 12 is shown in effect of Such side forces. It may also be desirable in the drawings it is to be understood that each piston of other piston pumps for use in other applications to les the plurality abuts against thrust bearing member 41 at Sen Such side forces as may occur in the pumps. its non-pumping end and each is attended by other ele It is an object of this invention to provide new and use ments in an environment similar to that of piston 12 as ful means for reducing side forces between piston and 35 will be described. Piston 12 is reciprocally mounted in a cylinder in a piston pump. bronze sleeve or bushing 3 seated in a mounting block It is another object of this invention to provide a piston or crosshead 10 for the purpose of maintaining longitu pump wherein the pumping ends of the pistons reciprocate dinal alignment of the piston. A suitable lubricating oil in a transversely movable cylinder means for reduction is contained within the housing in the chamber formed by of side forces between piston and cylinder. 40 crosshead 10 and casing member 31, on the swashplate It is still another object of this invention to provide a side of crosshead 10. The chamber may be, for exam pump for pumping non-lubricating fluids including means ple, about half full of the lubricating oil and the lubricat for adequately mounting and lubricating the non-pumping ing oil is in communication with the swashplate. A ends of the pistons and including means for reducing side ported annular conduit 23 surrounds piston 12 internally forces between the piston and cylinder including the provi in sleeve 13 providing lubrication of the piston within Sion of transverse motion of the cylinder means portion crosshead 10 and particularly within bushing 13. The in which the pumping end of the piston reciprocally lubricating oil is pumped into conduit 23 by rotation of travels, the transverse motion being with respect to axis Swashplate 21 which swirls the oil and causes a static of the piston. pressure to develop in the outside of the chamber con An additional object of this invention is to provide a taining the rotating parts. This pressure forces oil to check valved piston pump for pumping non-lubricating flow radially inward wherever static passageways are fluids which includes a stationary crosshead mounted provided. The general flow of lubricating oil to conduit Within the housing and dividing the interior of the hous 23 is indicated by the dotted lines and arrows shown at ing into two separate enclosures, one containing the swash 4. Piston seal 15, which is an O-ring 15a and Teflon plate and the other containing the cylinder block, the 55 (polytetrafluoroethylene) boot 15b, constitutes a seal be pistons passing through these crossheads from cylinder tween piston 2 and crosshead 0 preventing flow of block to Swashplate which is rotatably mounted at a large pumped fluid to the opposite or non-pumping side of SWashplate angle, and to provide in such a pump means crosshead 10. Piston seal 15 is carried in a seal cavity for mounting and lubricating the pistons within the cross and is removable therefrom for replacement of the seal head, the lubricating means extending from the swash 60 upon removal of a retainer plate 15c normally abutting plate enclosure through the crosshead to the pistons, and the crosshead. to further provide in the pump means for reducing side Crosshead 10, which is composed of stainless steel, forces between the piston and cylinder and in association abuts snap ring 43, retainer plate 15c abuts crosshead 10 with the pumping ends of the pistons. and cylinder block 11 abuts retainer plate 15c. Springs, An additional object is to provide a pump in accord 65 e.g., as shown at a urge cylinder block 11, retainer ance with the foregoing objects wherein a crosshead and plate 15c and crosshead 0 against Snap ring 43 in casing cylinder block are separated from each other and wherein 32. Cylinder block 11 is also stainless steel but any there is provided ring seal means between each piston other suitable material may be used in construction of and its corresponding crosshead chamber, means for open the crosshead and the cylinder block, since the design im ing the pump housing adjacent the Swashplate and cross 70 poses neither high strength nor wear resistance require head, means for removing the crosshead and means for ments on these parts. Piston 12, one of a plurality of replacing ring Seals which may become worn or otherwise pistons is slidably mounted in a bore defined by cross 3,209,701 3 4. head 10, bushing 13 and sealing means 15. Due to the The disclosed construction is advantageous in that the angle of swashplate 21, piston 12 is side loaded with a normal one piece cylinder block construction is avoided force equal to 17.6% of the hydraulic load on the pump without very expensive alignment of the holes in the two ing end 12a of piston 12 for the design shown. blocks. The split in the block exposes the piston Seals Pumping end 12a of piston 2 extends loosely into 5 facilitating initial assembly and replacement. Such con cylinder block 11 and closely fits into pumping cylinder struction is further advantageous in that it permits the use 16 which is carried by piston 12. Pumping cylinder 16 of bronze or other suitable crosshead materials for im is positioned loosely within a recess in cylinder block 1. proved bearing conditions and further permits the use of and is free to move transversely to the reciprocal axis of hardened steel or other suitable matcrials in the pumping piston 12. Reference numeral 17 indicates the metal O cylinders without giving rise to the difficult machining to-metal seat of pumping cylinder 16 on cylinder block problem inherent in maintaining perfect alignment be 11. An alternative seat is shown in FIG. 2 wherein tween different materials normally finished by different Telfion ring 17a, which is machined to fit and bonded to machining methods, e.g., boring for bronze in the croSS pumping cylinder 16, forms a seating surface on the head and grinding followed by honing for Steel in the pumping cylinder for seating in block 11. Spring loaded 5 pumping cylinders. In order to further reduce the side discharge valve 25 assists in seating cylinder i6 in block forces of the pistons against the cylinder walls, with ref 11, especially by exerting a slight clamping force against erence to the drawings a looser fit may be provided be cylinder 16 during start-up of the pump.
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