DOCSLIB.ORG

A Rendészet Alapvonalai, Önkormányzati Rendőrség

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Rendészet Alapvonalai, Önkormányzati Rendőrség CHRISTIÁN LÁSZLÓ A RENDÉSZET ALAPVONALAI, ÖNKORMÁNYZATI REND ŐRSÉG CHRISTIÁN LÁSZLÓ A RENDÉSZET ALAPVONALAI, ÖNKORMÁNYZATI RENDŐRSÉG UNIVERSITAS–GY ŐR Nonprofit Kft. ♦ Gy őr, 2011. Széchenyi István Egyetem Gyõr Szerz ő: Christián László ISBN: 978-963-9819-65-8 © UNIVERSITAS–GY ŐR Nonprofit Kft., 2011. Minden jog fenntartva, beleértve a sokszorosítás, a m ű b ővített, illetve rövidített válto- zata kiadásának jogát is. A kiadó írásbeli hozzájárulása nélkül sem a teljes m ű, sem an- nak része semmiféle formában nem sokszorosítható. Kiadja az UNIVERSITAS–GY ŐR Nonprofit Kft. Felel ős kiadó: A kft. mindenkori ügyvezet ője. M űszaki szerkeszt ő: Nagy Zoltán. Készült a Palatia Nyomda és Kiadó Kft. nyomdájában. Felel ős vezet ő: Radek József. TARTALOMJEGYZÉK EL ŐSZÓ ..................................................................................................................................... 9 BEVEZETÉS ........................................................................................................................... 13 KIINDULÁSI ALAPOK ......................................................................................................... 16 1. EPIZÓDOK A RENDÉSZET TÖRTÉNETÉB ŐL .................................................... 29 1.1. A KEZDETEKR ŐL .................................................................................................... 29 1.2. RÓMA , IUS PUBLICUM ............................................................................................ 30 1.3. „S ÖTÉT KÖZÉPKOR ”?! ............................................................................................ 31 1.3.1. Németország..................................................................................................... 32 1.3.2. Franciaország, a csend őrség hazája ............................................................... 34 1.3.3. Anglia, az alulról szervez ődő rend őrség modellje ........................................... 35 1.4. A MAGYAR RENDÉSZET – RENDVÉDELEM TÖRTÉNETÉNEK RÖVID BEMUTATÁSA ... 37 1.4.1. Az államalapítástól a török ki űzéséig .............................................................. 37 1.4.2. A XVIII-XIX. század rendvédelme .................................................................... 42 1.4.3. A századforduló rend őrsége és a két világháború id őszakának rendészeti vetületei ......................................................................................................................... 45 1.4.4. A szocialista rendvédelem ................................................................................ 49 2. RENDÉSZET KÜLFÖLDÖN ...................................................................................... 52 2.1. AZ ANGOLSZÁSZ ÉS KONTINENTÁLIS RENDÉSZETI MODELLEKR ŐL ......................... 52 2.2. AZ EGYESÜLT ÁLLAMOK RENDÉSZETE .................................................................. 55 2.2.1. A „New York-i csoda”: zero tolerancia ........................................................... 58 2.2.2. Tucson Police Department ............................................................................... 60 2.2.3. Office of the Inspector General (Miami) .......................................................... 60 2.3. AZ OLASZ RENDÉSZET ÉS A GUARDIA DI FINANZA .................................................. 61 2.3.1. Az olasz rendészetr ől dióhéjban ....................................................................... 61 2.3.2. A GdF. létrejötte, a kezdetek ............................................................................ 64 2.3.3. A GdF szervezete, m űködése és legf őbb sajátosságai ...................................... 64 2.3.4. Személyi állomány ............................................................................................ 66 2.3.5. Oktatás, képzés ................................................................................................. 68 2.3.6. Szervezeti felépítés ........................................................................................... 68 2.3.7. Nem adóbeszedés, ellen őrzés ........................................................................... 69 2.3.8. A pénzügyi rend őrség munkája a gyakorlatban ............................................... 69 2.3.9. Szervezett b űnözés elleni központ .................................................................... 71 2.3.10. Külkapcsolatok, nemzetközi együttm űködés, missziók ..................................... 72 2.3.11. Logisztikai háttér, infrastruktúra ..................................................................... 73 2.3.12. Összegzés, konklúziók ...................................................................................... 74 2.4. NÉMETORSZÁG ...................................................................................................... 76 2.4.1. A rendészet bölcs ője ......................................................................................... 76 2.5. A CSEND ŐRSÉGEK NAPJAINKBAN ........................................................................... 79 2.5.1. A francia csend őrség........................................................................................ 80 3. A BIZONYTALAN ALAPRA ÉPÜL Ő HÁZ, AVAGY A RENDÉSZET FOGALMAINAK TISZTÁZÁSA .......................................................................................... 84 3.1. RENDÉSZET ............................................................................................................ 84 3.2. RENDÉSZET KONTRA RENDVÉDELEM ..................................................................... 89 3.2.1. A rendvédelem érvei ......................................................................................... 89 3.2.2. A rendészetpárti érvek...................................................................................... 91 3.3. RENDÉSZET – RENDVÉDELEM A JOGALKOTÁSBAN ................................................. 93 3.4. A MAGYAR ALAPTÖRVÉNY A RENDÉSZETR ŐL ........................................................ 99 3.5. KÖZREND , KÖZBIZTONSÁG .................................................................................. 101 3.5.1. Közrend .......................................................................................................... 102 3.5.2. Közbiztonság .................................................................................................. 106 3.6. VESZÉLY .............................................................................................................. 108 4. A RENDÉSZET ALKOTMÁNYOS MEGALAPOZÁSA ....................................... 109 4.1. JOGÁLLAMISÁG .................................................................................................... 109 4.2. A RENDÉSZET ALKOTMÁNYOS M ŰKÖDÉSE ........................................................... 113 4.3. RENDÉSZETI FUNKCIÓK ....................................................................................... 114 4.3.1. Jelenlét, őrködés ............................................................................................ 115 4.3.2. Legitim fizikai er őszak monopóliuma ............................................................ 116 4.3.3. Az információszerzés funkciója, a b űnügyi rendészet .................................... 119 4.4. MÁS ASPEKTUSÚ FELOSZTÁSOK ........................................................................... 122 4.5. A „REND ŐRKÖDÉS ” (POLICING ), MINT HIVATÁS ................................................... 124 4.6. REND ŐRSÉG KONTRA KATONASÁG ...................................................................... 125 4.7. NEMZETI ALKOTMÁNYOK A RENDÉSZETR ŐL ........................................................ 126 4.8. A TÖRVÉNYESSÉG ELVE A RENDÉSZETBEN ........................................................... 129 4.9. A KÖZBIZTONSÁG , MINT ALAPVET Ő EMBERI JOG ? ................................................ 131 4.10. KIINDULÁSI ALAPOK , ALAPJOGVÉDELEM ............................................................. 132 4.11. ALKOTMÁNYBÍRÓSÁGI GYAKORLAT .................................................................... 134 4.12. BÍRÓI ALAPJOGVÉDELEM , STRASBOURGI ESETJOG ............................................... 138 5. MAI MAGYAR RENDÉSZET .................................................................................. 142 5.1. VÁLTOZÓ KÖZIGAZGATÁS ................................................................................... 142 5.2. KORSZER ŰSÍTÉS , MODERNIZÁCIÓ , REFORM .......................................................... 145 5.3. TERVEZÉS , STRATÉGIAALKOTÁS .......................................................................... 149 5.4. A RENDÉSZETI IGAZGATÁS SZERVEI ..................................................................... 151 5.5. IRÁNYÍTÁS , FELÜGYELET ..................................................................................... 153 5.6. A RENDVÉDELMI SZERVEK LEGÉGET ŐBB PROBLÉMÁIÉS KIÚTKERESÉS ................ 155 5.6.1. Elhibázott szabályozási koncepció ................................................................. 155 5.6.2. Rendvédelmi nyugdíjrendszer ........................................................................ 156 5.6.3. Egyenruha – civilesítés .................................................................................. 157 5.6.4. Állomány összetétele ...................................................................................... 158 5.6.5. Állandó létszámhiány ..................................................................................... 159 5.6.6. Hatáskörök újragondolása, új
Load more

Recommended publications
  • RUNNING HEAD Literacy for Liberation: a Haitian Case Study I
    RUNNING HEAD Literacy for Liberation: A Haitian Case Study i LITERACY FOR LIBERATION: A HAITIAN CASE STUDY By Rosemary Woodard A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of the University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Education University of Manitoba Winnipeg Copyright © 2011 by Rosemary Woodard RUNNING HEAD Literacy for Liberation: A Haitian Case Study ii Committee members: Dr. Karen E. Smith – Advisor, CTL Department Dr. Sandra Kouritzen – CTL Department (internal) Dr. Rick Freeze – EAF&P Department (external) RUNNING HEAD Literacy for Liberation: A Haitian Case Study iii Abstract This qualitative study of an adult literacy program, Literacy for Liberation, operated by an American based non-governmental organization and serving a marginalized demographic in Haiti, considered the impact of a literacy program designed to enhance technical and critical literacy skills while developing the ability to create communal and individual change. Data, collected in five open-ended interviews and two observations, focused on the contextual, logistical, practical, and beneficial aspects of this literacy program. Results were analyzed using markers selected from Freire‘s framework of critical pedagogy: humanization, situated literacy, dialogue and consciousness-raising, and transformation. Findings revealed that there were limited economic, social, and communal benefits to participants, and that replication of the program may be possible if certain steps are followed. The overall conclusions demonstrated that expanding literacy programs in this particular setting and tailoring the way they are introduced and taught can facilitate social and economic progress for previously illiterate adults and possibly for future generations, particularly where structural inequality is evident.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract @On Ita (17 Dic
    RETE OPERATIVA @ON PER IL CONTRASTO AI GRUPPI CRIMINALI ORGANIZZATI MAFIA-STYLE ________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT 1. PREMESSA La DIA sta sostenendo con sempre maggior impegno l’azione di contrasto internazionale alle mafie , non solo sul piano operativo, ma anche attraverso una più energica opera di sensibilizzazione degli omologhi stranieri finalizzata a dare nuova e rafforzata consapevolezza del fenomeno transnazionale della criminalità organizzata e di quella di tipo mafioso. In tale contesto, è stato ritenuto necessario perfezionare, nel corso del Semestre italiano di Presidenza del Consiglio Europeo, uno strumento che integrasse a livello operativo gli strumenti di cooperazione di polizia già esistenti. Al riguardo, il Consiglio GAI 1 in data 4 dicembre 2014, su iniziativa italiana ha approvato l’istituzione della Rete Operativa Antimafia @ON. 2. COS’È @ON La Rete @ON , in collaborazione con Europol, rende possibile l’impiego sul posto di investigatori specializzati 2 delle Forze di Polizia aderenti al Network, per il contrasto delle organizzazioni criminali “gravi” e mafia-style presenti nell’Unione Europea e non, favorendo lo scambio di buone prassi ed il necessario rapporto fiduciario. I gruppi criminali attenzionati sono principalmente italiani, di etnia albanese, euroasiatici, bande di motociclisti, ma anche quelli emergenti (mafie nigeriane, cinesi, turche, ecc.) che pongono un serio rischio per la sicurezza e l’economia dell’U.E. La Rete @ON ed il suo progetto di finanziamento europeo denominato ONNET , si basano su un network di Paesi e su un “Core Group” (Italia, Francia, Germania, Spagna, Belgio e Paesi Bassi ) che funge da cabina di regia per la selezione delle investigazioni da supportare.
    [Show full text]
  • General Information Pursuant to Section 55 of the Federal Data
    General information pursuant to Section 55 of the Federal Data Protection Act (Bundesdatenschutzgesetz - BDSG) regarding data processing by customs authorities in the context of criminal offences and infringements of rules of law (Last updated: December 2018) Preface Among the functions of Customs are the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of certain offences and infringements of rules of law including the enforcement of the fines imposed by the customs authorities. In order to fulfil this role, the customs services are entitled to process personal data. The information detailed in this letter concerns: • Controls under aspects of customs and movement of cash law • Procedures concerning tax-related criminal offences and infringements of rules of law • Procedures concerning criminal offences and infringements in non-tax relevant areas (excluding the Financial Monitoring Unit to Control Unreported or Illicit Employment) The information contained herein only concerns the processing of personal data by the customs authorities (main customs offices, customs investigation offices, the German Customs Criminological Office, the Federal Treasury and its branches, and the General Customs Directorate). Data processing by the tax administration (tax offices, regional finance directorates, state offices for finance, Federal Central Tax Office) is not addressed. “Personal data” means any information that directly relates to an identified or identifiable natural person. When financial authorities “process” personal data, it means that they collect, save, apply, transfer, make available for retrieval, edit or delete data. In the following we will provide information about the kind of personal data that we collect, who we collect it from, and what we do with this data. In addition, we will inform you about your privacy rights in relation to data protection and advise you on whom to contact if you have any questions or complaints.
    [Show full text]
  • The AFP Is Well Informed of the Criminal Practices and Illicit Trading Taking Place on the Dark Web
    The AFP is well informed of the criminal practices and illicit trading taking place on the dark web. We are working with our partners to combat all forms of technology-enabled crime. In recent years there has been a steady increase in the number of seizures of all drug types via the mail system detected at the Australian border. High frequency-low volume importations such as ones through our mail system pose a considerable cumulative threat. These shipments contribute towards supplying the Australian market and exacerbate social problems within Australia associated with drug harm. Seizing these smaller importations can impact on disrupting the drug trade. The AFP and other Australian law enforcement agencies are well aware of this method of drug importation and are committed to targeting and combating it. The AFP works alongside its partner agencies on this matter, including Border Force and state and territory police. While it is not an offence to access websites that provide access to sellers of illegal substances, it is an offence to import or attempt to import a border controlled drug including synthetic drugs into Australia purchased from such a website. Offenders should be aware that if they seek to import illicit and synthetic drugs they will be subject of law enforcement scrutiny and investigation. Recently, a national co-ordinated policing campaign focused on detecting drugs being distributed via the Australian postal service saw a total of 62 illicit drugs or illegally obtained prescription medications seized by police. Operation Vitreus was co-ordinated by the National Methylamphetamine Strategy Group, which is currently lead by SA Police (SAPOL), but involved all State and Territory police agencies, working in conjunction with the Australian Federal Police, Australian Border Force (ABF), the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission and AUSTRAC.
    [Show full text]
  • Army Protocol Directorate
    Army Protocol Directorate Office of the Chief of Staff 204 Army Pentagon Washington, DC 20310-0204 Phone: (703) 697-0692/DSN 227-0692 Fax: (703)693-2114/DSN 223-2114 [email protected] Department of the Army Protocol Precedence List as of 10 December 2010 VIP Code 1 27 Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 28 Secretary of Transportation 1 President of the United States 29 Secretary of Energy 2 Heads of State/Reigning Royalty 30 Secretary of Education VIP Code 2 (Four Star Equivalent) 31 Secretary of Veterans Affairs 32 Secretary of Homeland Security 3 Vice President of the United States 33 Chief of Staff to the President 4 Governors in Own State (see #42) 34 Director, Office of Management and Budget 5 Speaker of the House of Representatives 35 US Trade Representative 6 Chief Justice of the Supreme Court 36 Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency 7 Former Presidents of the United States (by seniority of assuming office) 37 Director, National Drug Control Policy 8 U.S. Ambassadors to Foreign Governments (at post) 38 Director of National Intelligence 9 Secretary of State 39 President Pro Tempore of the Senate 10 President, United Nations General Assembly (when in session) 40 United States Senators (by seniority; when equal, alphabetically by State) 11 Secretary General of the United Nations 41 Former United States Senators (by date of retirement) 12 President, United Nations General Assembly (when not in session) 42 Governors when not in own State (by State date of entry; when equal by 13 President, International Court of Justice alphabetically) (see #4) 14 Ambassadors to Foreign Governments Accredited to the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Interkulturelle Öffnung Polizist*Innen Mit Migrationshintergrund
    Interkulturelle Öffnung Polizist*innen mit Migrationshintergrund März 2021 MEDIENDIENST INTEGRATION Schiffbauerdamm 40 10117 Berlin Telefon: +49 30 200 764 80 [email protected] WWW.MEDIENDIENST-INTEGRATION.DE Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Wie wird der Migrationshintergrund bei der Polizei erfasst? ......................................................................................... 2 Bundespolizei ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Bundesländer ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Baden-Württemberg ................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Bayern ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Berlin .................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Border Violence Prevention Council FACT SHEET
    Border Violence Prevention Council FACT SHEET Building on the principles of co-responsibility for and co-management of our shared border espoused in coordination mechanisms like the 21st Century Border Management Initiative and the High Level Economic Dialogue, the United States and Mexico created the Border Violence Prevention Council. The Council is co- led by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), the Secretariat of Foreign Relations (SRE) of Mexico, and the Federal Police of Mexico, and includes the participation of other U.S. Department of Homeland Security components, the U.S. Department of State, and the Secretariat of Governance of Mexico. The Border Violence Prevention Council is a policy-level decision making body that promotes initiatives aimed at preventing incidents of border violence through collaborative efforts, joint public engagement campaigns, increased transparency and information exchange, and the sharing of best practices. The Council has met four times, most recently on November 3, 2016, where we noted significant past accomplishments, including: Undertaking actions to increase the U.S. Department of Homeland Security’s and CBP’s accountability, transparency, and notification regarding use of force cases. Increasing the understanding of use of force policies and officer training efforts in both countries, which included policy and technical discussions, exchanges of information and visits to each other’s enforcement training centers. Exchanging information on changes to relevant policies and procedures. Conducting joint community outreach and engagement initiatives between the 12 Consulates of Mexico located at the border, Mexico´s Federal Police, U.S. Customs and Border Protection including its component, the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Policing in Federal States
    NEPAL STEPSTONES PROJECTS Policing in Federal States Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler (Eds.) Policing in Federal States Edited by Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) www.dcaf.ch The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces is one of the world’s leading institutions in the areas of security sector reform (SSR) and security sector governance (SSG). DCAF provides in-country advisory support and practical assis- tance programmes, develops and promotes appropriate democratic norms at the international and national levels, advocates good practices and makes policy recommendations to ensure effective democratic governance of the security sector. DCAF’s partners include governments, parliaments, civil society, international organisations and the range of security sector actors such as police, judiciary, intelligence agencies, border security ser- vices and the military. 2011 Policing in Federal States Edited by Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler Geneva, 2011 Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler, eds., Policing in Federal States, Nepal Stepstones Projects Series # 2 (Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2011). Nepal Stepstones Projects Series no. 2 © Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2011 Executive publisher: Procon Ltd., <www.procon.bg> Cover design: Angel Nedelchev ISBN 978-92-9222-149-2 PREFACE In this book we will be looking at specimens of federative police or- ganisations. As can be expected, the federative organisation of such states as Germany, Switzerland, the USA, India and Russia will be reflected in their police organisation, though the extremely decentralised approach of Switzerland with hardly any central man- agement structures can hardly serve as a paradigm of ‘the’ federal police organisation.
    [Show full text]
  • Germany 2020 Human Rights Report
    GERMANY 2020 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Germany is a constitutional democracy. Citizens choose their representatives periodically in free and fair multiparty elections. The lower chamber of the federal parliament (Bundestag) elects the chancellor as head of the federal government. The second legislative chamber, the Federal Council (Bundesrat), represents the 16 states at the federal level and is composed of members of the state governments. The country’s 16 states exercise considerable autonomy, including over law enforcement and education. Observers considered the national elections for the Bundestag in 2017 to have been free and fair, as were state elections in 2018, 2019, and 2020. Responsibility for internal and border security is shared by the police forces of the 16 states, the Federal Criminal Police Office, and the federal police. The states’ police forces report to their respective interior ministries; the federal police forces report to the Federal Ministry of the Interior. The Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution and the state offices for the protection of the constitution are responsible for gathering intelligence on threats to domestic order and other security functions. The Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution reports to the Federal Ministry of the Interior, and the state offices for the same function report to their respective ministries of the interior. Civilian authorities maintained effective control over security forces. Members of the security forces committed few abuses. Significant human rights issues included: crimes involving violence motivated by anti-Semitism and crimes involving violence targeting members of ethnic or religious minority groups motivated by Islamophobia or other forms of right-wing extremism.
    [Show full text]
  • Criminal Background Check Procedures
    Shaping the future of international education New Edition Criminal Background Check Procedures CIS in collaboration with other agencies has formed an International Task Force on Child Protection chaired by CIS Executive Director, Jane Larsson, in order to apply our collective resources, expertise, and partnerships to help international school communities address child protection challenges. Member Organisations of the Task Force: • Council of International Schools • Council of British International Schools • Academy of International School Heads • U.S. Department of State, Office of Overseas Schools • Association for the Advancement of International Education • International Schools Services • ECIS CIS is the leader in requiring police background check documentation for Educator and Leadership Candidates as part of the overall effort to ensure effective screening. Please obtain a current police background check from your current country of employment/residence as well as appropriate documentation from any previous country/countries in which you have worked. It is ultimately a school’s responsibility to ensure that they have appropriate police background documentation for their Educators and CIS is committed to supporting them in this endeavour. It is important to demonstrate a willingness and effort to meet the requirement and obtain all of the paperwork that is realistically possible. This document is the result of extensive research into governmental, law enforcement and embassy websites. We have tried to ensure where possible that the information has been obtained from official channels and to provide links to these sources. CIS requests your help in maintaining an accurate and useful resource; if you find any information to be incorrect or out of date, please contact us at: [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • IACM Annual Report
    The Netherlands 2012 IACM Annual Report Official Journal of the International Association of customs and Tax Museums -1- IACM ANNUAL REPORT 2012 OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CUSTOMS AND TAX MUSEUMS www.customsmuseums.org -2- EDITORAL Dear friends and colleagues of the IACM. Nearly a year has already past since we had our annual conference and general assembly in Rot- terdam and Antwerp. We had the honor and pleasure to visit the new museum in Rotterdam. Our dutch colleagues can be proud of their building and the interior. Modern aspects have been melted with old parts to become a jewelry of a museum. It must be a pleasure to work in these rooms and also the visitors will get fully satisfaction during their visit. Everybody who didn’t attend our meeting, miss some- thing. But also our colleagues in Antwerp ere proud to present their new customs museum. A totally other style, but also very pleasant to visit. The exhibition gives an overview on customs life during the last decades in a visitor’s easy comprehension. If you are in Antwerp, just have a look at the museum, you will not regret. Another good news came from Vienna in Austria, where the customs museum build-up by our friend Ferdinand Hampl has found a new home and a new curator. So if you are in Austria, take contact with Helmut Gram and have a visit of the Austrian museum. Our exhibition together with the WCO in Brussels is still actual and can be visited till October of this year.
    [Show full text]
  • Municipal Police in Austria: History, Status Quo, and Future SIAK-Journal − Journal for Police Science and Practice (International Edition Vol
    .SIAK-Journal – Journal for Police Science and Practice Wenda, Gregor (2014): Municipal Police in Austria: History, Status Quo, and Future SIAK-Journal − Journal for Police Science and Practice (International Edition Vol. 4), 74-86. doi: 10.7396/IE_2014_G Please cite this articel as follows: Wenda, Gregor (2014). Municipal Police in Austria: History, Status Quo, and Future, SIAK- Journal − Journal for Police Science and Practice (International Edition Vol. 4), 74-86, Online: http://dx.doi.org/10.7396/IE_2014_G. © Federal Ministry of the Interior – Sicherheitsakademie / NWV, 2014 Note: A hard copy of the article is available through the printed version of the SIAK-Journal published by NWV (http://nwv.at). published online: 8/2014 .SIAK-InternAtIonAl edItIon 2014 Municipal Police in Austria: History, Status Quo, and Future Aside from the nation­wide corps of the Federal Police, municipal police services (Gemeindesicherheitswachen) constitute a relevant pillar of law enforcement in Austria. Even though the number of forces has shrunk over the past decades, there are still 37 agencies in six out of nine provinces. Most of Austria’s major cities, including the Capital of Vienna, Graz, Linz, Salzburg or Innsbruck, are secured by the Federal Police. According to the Federal Constitution, municipal police departments must not be estab­ lished in a city with a Federal Police authority. Municipal police agencies are mostly found in medium sized cities or smaller towns and villages. Each municipal police service has between one and 45 employees and varies in terms of organization, equip­ GreGor WendA, ment, competencies, and availability. Directorate-General for Legal Affairs, Deputy Head of Department III/6 – Electoral Affairs in the Federal Ministry of the Interior, Austria.
    [Show full text]