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A Primavera Interrompida O Projeto Vaticano II Num Impasse A primavera interrompida O projeto Vaticano II num impasse servicioskoinonia.org/LibrosDigitales 2 A primavera interrompida O projeto Vaticano II num impasse Alberto da Silva MOREIRA Michael RAMMINGER Afonso Maria Ligorio SOARES (organizadores) Riolando AZZI Marcelo BARROS José COMBLIN Alberto da Silva MOREIRA Maria Cecília DOMEZI François HOUTART Afonso Maria Ligorio SOARES Edin Sued ABUMANSSUR Paulo SUESS Edênio VALLE José María VIGIL servicioskoinonia.org/LibrosDigitales Volumen 2 8 de janeiro de 2006 3 Este “Livro Digital Koinonia” é um presente dos autores que o elaboraram e dos Serviços Koinonia ao Povo de Deus, que dele é o proprietário. É permitida e se recomenda a distribuição livre e gratuita deste documento digital, assim como a impressão total ou parcial do livro em impressoras pessoais ou em edições digitais sem fins lucrativos. Edições comerciais normais necessitam de uma permissão expressa e por escrito dos Serviços Koinonia. @ Servicios Koinonía: servicioskoinonia.org / [email protected] @ Instituto Franciscano de Antropologia – Universidade São Francisco (Bragança Paulista- SP, Brasil) A realização do “Simpósio Internacional 40 Anos do Concílio Vaticano II”, cujas principais conferências estão reproduzidas neste livro digital, contou com o apoio financeiro da Centro Franciscano de Animação Missionária (Bonn) e de Adveniat (Essen). ISBN 9962-02-926-0 Este «Libro Digital Koinonía» es un presente de los autores que lo han elaborado y de los Servicios Koinonía al Pueblo de Dios, en cuya propiedad queda. Se permite y recomienda la libre y gratuita distribución de este documento digital, así como la impresión total o parcial del libro en impresoras personales o en ediciones digitales no lucrativas. Ediciones comerciales normales necesitan permiso expreso escrito de los Servicios Koinonía. © Servicios Koinonía: servicioskoinonia.org / [email protected] © Instituto Franciscano de Antropologia, da Universidade São Francisco (Bragança Paulista, SP, Brasil). La realización del «Simposio Internacional 40 años del Concilio Vaticano II», cuyas conferencias se recogen en este libro digital, contó con el apoyo financiero de la Centro Franciscano de Animación Misionera (Bonn) y de Adveniat (Essen). ISBN 9962-02-926-0 4 SUMÁRIO Apresentação: A primavera interrompida: O projeto do Vaticano II num impasse Alberto da Silva MOREIRA, Afonso Maria Ligorio SOARES, Michael RAMMINGER ........................ 7 1. O Concílio Vaticano II no contexto da Igreja e do Mundo: uma perspectiva histórica. Riolando AZZI .................................................................................................................. 9 2. El Concílio y su recepción en Europa François HOUTART ............................................................................................................ 27 3. El Concilio y su recepción en América Latina José María VIGIL............................................................................................................... 35 4. Interpretando os sinais destes tempos agitados Edênio VALLE ................................................................................................................... 51 5. Sinais dos novos tempos -40 anos depois do Vaticano II José COMBLIN .................................................................................................................. 59 6. Uma leitura da Gaudium et Spes na perspectiva de mulheres latino-americanas Maria Cecília DOMEZI ........................................................................................................ 67 7. Ecumenismo como construção de uma nova Ecumene Edin Sued ABUMANSSUR ................................................................................................... 79 8. O legado do Concílio e os sinais do nosso tempo Alberto da Silva MOREIRA .................................................................................................. 83 9. Discernimentos e propostas para uma agenda pós-conciliar das Igrejas Paulo SUESS .................................................................................................................... 91 10. Por uma Igreja conciliar – Agenda de trabalho para as Igrejas e a Teologia Marcelo BARROS............................................................................................................... 101 11. Para além do Vaticano II: extraterrestres, «messianismo New Age» e religíão Afonso Maria Ligorio SOARES ............................................................................................. 107 5 Apresentação A primavera interrompida O projeto Vaticano II num impasse Entre os dias 31 de outubro e 3 de novembro de 2005 aconteceu em São Paulo, no Teatro da Pontifícia Universidade Católica, o Simpósio Internacional 40 Anos do Concílio Vaticano II. Cerca de duzentas pessoas de muitas partes do Brasil e do mundo, entre teólogos, cientistas da religião, antropólogos, filósofos, jornalistas, economistas, membros de comunidades eclesiais e movimentos sociais, estudantes e professores da PUC estiveram ali reunidos para refletir e debater sobre o legado do Concílio Vaticano II e os horizontes que se desenham para os cristãos e a Igreja Católica nos próximos anos. Este encontro surgiu da necessidade sempre maior de manter aberto o diálogo entre cristãos do Norte e do Sul e no interior da América Latina. Ele nasceu de uma parceria amiga e operosa entre o Instituto Franciscano de Antropologia, um órgão da Universidade São Francisco (Brangança Paulista), o Institut für Theologie und Politik (Münster, Alemanha) e o Departamento de Teologia e Ciências da Religião da PUC-SP. Pensado e programado originalmente para acontecer no Centro-Oeste do Brasil, como uma forma de contribuir com homens e mulheres desta região na tarefa de pensar sua prática e imaginar novos horizontes possíveis para sua ação, o simpósio teve que ser transferido, por injunções da Igreja local, para a cidade de São Paulo. Abrigado na PUC, o evento foi aberto pelo Cardeal de São Paulo, D. Cláudio Hummes e coincidiu com a reunião anual dos professores de teologia e cultura religiosa do Brasil (ABESC). Durante o simpósio aconteceu ainda a cerimônia festiva de entrega do título de Doutor Honoris Causa por parte da Pontifícia Universidade Católica a D. Paulo Evaristo Arns, Cardeal emérito de São Paulo. A preocupação maior que nos moveu, ao organizar as conferências, debates e mesas- temáticas, foi passar de uma possível nostalgia dos “bons tempos do Concílio” para uma análise crítica dos problemas e desafios atuais e realizar uma avaliação realista dos caminhos que a Igreja precisa percorrer no futuro próximo, se quiser permanecer fiel ao espírito do Vaticano II. Dessa forma, o programa do simpósio tratou de três momentos temáticos: 1) O Concílio e seu contexto, 2) as múltiplas recepções do Concílio, 3) 40 anos depois: balanço e perspectivas para o futuro. Grande parte das reflexões e contribuições teóricas aportadas no evento estão reunidas nesta publicação, tornada possível graças ao apoio dos Serviços Koinonía e de José Maria Vigil. Muitas outras idéias e conclusões vieram à baila, muitas outras análises foram feitas, mas não puderam infelizmente compor este volume, quase sempre por motivos técnicos. Os textos aqui reunidos representam, no entanto, uma parte substancial do esforço de intelecção da herança do Concílio e dos sinais, eclesiais e globais, dos tempos que estamos vivendo. Houve uma percepção bastante generalizada entre os conferencistas de estarmos numa encruzilhada histórica. A primavera trazida pelo Concílio foi-se esfriando aos poucos e enfrentamos hoje os rigores de um inverno na Igreja. Os sinais desse congelamento são visíveis e evidentes também na América Latina. Mas os participantes também constataram que as sementes do Concílio foram fortes e fecundas; muitas já se tornaram frutos maduros e produziram outras sementes, algumas infelizmente foram sufocadas e não tiveram chances de crescer, outras sementes esperam talvez o momento e o solo propício para ainda germinar. Somos gratos porque a organização e a realização deste Simpósio foram coroadas de êxito. No entanto, alguns sintomas preocupantes não nos passaram despercebidos. Em primeiro lugar, a baixíssima presença da militância jovem no evento nos fez levantar algumas suspeitas: ou o Concílio é um grande desconhecido da recente geração católica, mais familiarizada com a agenda dos padres midiáticos e com os louvores dos grupos pentecostais, ou o Concílio, embora elogiado, é um evento irrelevante para essa faixa etária. Nesse caso, precisaríamos insistir mais Apresentação junto às novas gerações sobre o marco representado pelo Vaticano II para toda a história recente do cristianismo. Em segundo lugar, causou estranheza a aparente indiferença de alguns institutos de teologia da região metropolitana de São Paulo, que não enviaram participantes. A favor deles, é justo considerar que a mudança da sede do Simpósio para São Paulo obrigou a organização a literalmente correr contra o relógio e, portanto, as faculdades de teologia foram convidadas poucos meses antes do evento. Também é possível que tenha havido coincidência com eventos similares, ou com a data do feriado de Finados. Todavia, é sintomático que todos os institutos de Teologia e pastoral da Grande São Paulo tenham tido dificuldade em enviar ao menos uma pequena delegação de representantes. Estariam nossos institutos e faculdades de teologia mais preocupados com o cumprimento de currículos e obrigações impostas pelo Ministério da Educação
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