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c: PERMANENT MISSION REPUIBLIC OF TO THE UNITED NATIONS IRAQ 14 EAST 79TH STREET, NEW YORK TEL. REGENT 7 -4435
COMMUNIQUE NO. l OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ®F THE REVOLUTIONARY COMMAND
With the help of God~ we have destroyed the rule of Abdul Karim Kassim the enemy of the people and his corrupt coter·ie which exploited the country's resources to satisfy its desires and serve its interests. Public freedoms were violated, the dignity of the people was trampled, laws were suspended, the tr•ust betrayed and the citizens persecuted. The revolution of the 14th July aimed at liberating our country from the col~nial status,represented by the monarchy and feudalism,and establishing a democratic system under which the people might live in dignity and freedom but the enemy of God and the people, ~he treacherous criminal exploited his position and used all criminal methods to establish his black despotism which impoverished the country, impaired the national unity and isolated Iraq from the free Arab world and frustrated our people's national aspirations. Our concern for the safety of our nation and the unity and future of our people, and our faith in the great July Revolution imposed on us the responsibility of des troying the corrupt faction which in:f:tltrated the revoJ.utio of the pe,,ple and the army, and arrested its progress and delayed its march. Our revolution succeeded hy the support Gf all the armed forces and the masses of the people. This revolution of the people and the army, which aims at continuing the victorious march of the glorious July revolution, will seek to achieve two main purposes: First, to realize national unity; and second, to se•!u~e the participation of the masses in guiding and adm:tr:.i..ster1n.. the Government. It is necessary for the real:t~~ ati on ~)f these two aims to ensure all freedoms and to strengthen the principle of the rule of law. .,.
The National Council of the Revolutionary Command, which firmly believes in these aims and will work for their achievement, is confident that the national spirit of the people and their revolutionary determination and deep devotion will ensure that the citizens, on this blessed day, will rise above hatred and animosities and will cooperate to consolidate their national unity and intensify their support for the aims of the glorious July revolution and will allow no agent or corruptor or mercenary to sow the seeds of division. The N2tional Council of the Revolutionary Command works for the establishment of a national govern ment comprised of sincere and loyal citizens. The policy of the Revolutionary Government will follow the aims of the glorious July revolution. Thus the Government will ensure all democratic freedoms, and strengthen the principle of the rule of law and realize the national unity of the peo;) le through strengthening Arc:.b-Kurdish brotherhood on the basis of guaranteeing their national interests and intensifying its joint struggle against imperialism. The Revolutionary Government will also ensure the respect of the rights of minorities and enable them to participate in the national life of the country. Furthermore, the Revolutionary Government will abide by the United Nations' Charter and respect international agreements and conventions, and will participate in the strengthening of world peace, and support the struggle against colonialism. The Revolutionary Government will follow the policy of non-alignment and abide by the decisions of the Bandung Conference. It will encourage and support national movements fighting against colonialism. The Revolutionary Command vows to work for the fulfilment of Arab unity and to unify the Arab struggle against colonialism and colonial conditions still prevailing in parts of the fatherland. It will also work for the restoration of occupied Palestine. It will safeguard the progressive gains of the masses, p2rticul2rl.y the Agrarian Reform Law by improving the methods of its implementation for the interest of the people. The nationa l economy will be consolidated through the industrialization of the country, and the promotion of its material and cultural capabilities. Also, it will ensure the flow of petroleum to the out side world. We pledge before God that we shall be faithful to our Republic, loyal to its principles and will spare no sacrifice for its sake. We are confident that our 3. great people will represent a solidly unified front to safeguard those principles and march forward along the path of progress, advancement and success. The National Council of the Revolutionary Command, having been established, is now entrusted with exercising the supreme authority in the Republic of Iraq including the legislative authority and the functions of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces and the election of the President of the Republic and the formation of the Government. In view of this, the National Council of the Revolutionary Co~~and decided to relieve the President and members of the Council of s~vereignty of their posts and to abolish the Council of Sovereignty and the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. The National Council of the Revolutionary Command has elected Abdul Salam Mohammed Aref President of the Republic for the duration of the transitional period. The National Council decided that the Government be formed as follows:
Prime Minister Brigadier Ahmed Hassan Bakr DeEuty Prime Minister Mr. All Sallh Saadl & Minister of the Interior Minister for Foreign Affairs Mr. Tallb Hussein Shablb Minister of Defence Lt. Col. Salih Mahdi Arnmash Minister of Communications Lt. Col. Abdul Sattar Abdul Latif Minister for Health Dr. Izzat Mustafa Minister for Justice Mr. Mahdl Aldawlaii Minister for Municipalities Brigadier Mahmood Shit Khattab Minister for Agriculture Mr. Baba Ali Minister for 011 Dr. Abdul Aziz Alwatarl Minister for Education Dr. Ahmed Abdul Sattar Aljawari Minister for Finance Mr. Salih Kubba Minister for Housing Mr. Abdul Sattar Ali Alhussain • 4.
Minister ror Trade Mr. Shukri Salih Zaki Minister for Agrarian Dr. Sadoun Hummadi Herorm Minister for Social Affairs Mr. Hamid Khilkhal Minister for Guidance Dr. Musari Alrawi Minister for Plannin!:i Dr. Abdul Karim Alali
Minister for Industr~: Br::.6adier Neji Talib Minister of State Brigadier Fouad Arif Minister of State Mr. Hazirn Jawad
The Government of the Revolution has full control over all parts of the Republic. Peace and stability reign over the country and the situation has gone back to normal.
***************** PERMANENT MISSION REPUBLIC OF TO THE UNITED NATIONS IRAQ 14 EAST 79TH STREET. NEW YORK TEL. REGENT 7-4435
The Foreign Minister of Iraq made a statement setting forth the prin~iples on w~ich the foreign policy of the Republic of Iraq will be based. He stated the following: The Revolution of the 14th of Ramadhan (8th February) came to reaffi rm the fu~dam~ :-1tal principles of the Revo :. uti on of ;fuly 111 th and ful.f:L.J.l its alms within a democratic framework which J erives its strength from the unity of the ;;eo) le and their common endeavours. The foreign policy of Iraq is based on the observance of inte~national covenallts and conventions and adherence to the United Nations; Charter.
Iraq will endeavour to co ~tribute to the struggle against ~olo~.j_al~ . s:n anO. to encou.:·age and sup~ort natio~al liberation movements) and taka ~art in strengthening world peace in all fields. Iraq will pursue a policy of non-alignment, in the usefulness and efficacy of which it firmly believes. Iraq will abide by the decisions of the Bandung Conference in order to promote Afro-Asian solidarity.
In trab affairs, the basis of I~aq's 90licy is to strengthen Arab solidarity and coopera t i~n and work towards the fulfillment of Arab un i~ y and t~ unify the Arab struggle against colonialism j_n the .hrt:l.l homeland irrespective of its type or colon:::'; and 1•he r.ner it is traditional colonialism or the new coloni e ~~ s m.
Iraq will also seek to str e ng~ hen t he ties and relations with Islamic and fri endly countries. Iraq will never deviate from this course.
The Re~ublic of I r a~ , whose forei gn policy is derived from the above prinGj 9les, will e~ ~ eRvo u ~ to develop and consolidate i~s external relattons in a ll fields in a s pirit of mutual friendship and coiP.IJOn interestf? 5 (; I
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TI 5 Following is a summary of an article which appeared in the French We~ L'Express, ~1 February 1963 entitled: IRAQ- AN OPERATION PREPARED BY s RET SERVICES.
nThe milltary coup in Iraq was inspired and prepared by the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). The British Government and President Nasser of the u.A.R. (excluding his ~unisters and top aides) have been kept informed about the preparations which led to this coup. Information collected in Geneva this ••eek suggest the following:
1) The operation was discussed in Munich at the end of December, 1962 between an unidentified American official and Gen. Nagib El Roubai President of the Iraqi Council of Sovereignty, who broke away from General Kassim in November 1962 and was living since in Switzerland.
2) The CIA made its support for the coup conditional ~ 'f'imrt !l•«iai•o:: upon the agreement of the British Government. General El. Roubai therefore proceeded to London in January 1963 where he met the British offic~als who have asked in return their support to the coup that the Iraq~ A) abandon their claim on Kuwait b) the non-exploitation of oil in the new areas which the Iraqi government had discovered and which ~ do not fo~ part of the oil concessions of the Iraqi Petroleum Company (IPC).
General E1 Rouba.i has agreed to the first condition but pointed. out that he could not bind any future Iraqi Government with regard firG>oil negotiations. As a result of this, the British authorities refused to take part in the preparation of the coup and left the job to the Americans.
3) President Nasser on his part has asked that the Iraqi Government should be headed by Colonel Abdel Salam Aref and not by any other Iraqi.
Information gathered by thi s paper in Geneva suggest again that the CIA was working against time in fear that the Iraqi Communists and their sJIDlpathizers have been also preparing their O'Wll coup to bring DD: the down fall of General Kassim. BU AC 5/CT1173/LVI171 LONDON 27 20 2018
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OLID A l TV COM ITT££ rr ATIO 20 r 1 y 1 co T L T co I . T I CT I T 0 H. Y R 0 IT t T T cr. c C T .. \ t , INCOMING CLEA..tt CABLE TO: The President of the Security Council FRC.I: Jalal Talabani (Head of Kurdish Negotiating Delegation) DATE: 28 June 1963 8,. d /,.,C: The Ba'athist (?) Government in Bagbaaa has unleashed an armed attack and a war of extermination against the pocple of Kurdistan ~~th the support of the Ba 1athist Government in Damascus and the help of the Iraqi and Syrian air forces. Si."tty thousand heavily armed troops, instead of squarely facing the Kurdish forces l~d by General Barzani, are attacking the i~~ocent civilian population, destroying and setting fire to towns and villages and slaughtering women and children. One hundred and fifty thousand Kurds at Kirkuk and surrounding areas are to be forcibly removed. This aggression is the government's response to the Kurdish peoples desire to solve its national problems peaceably. The demand fer Kurdistan's autonomy ~w~ within Iraq, in the Freaent age when oppressed colonial peoples are attaining complete independence, is a moderate request and the minimum demand of the Kurdish people. 1fuile undermining the foundations of peace in the ~fiddle East and threatening world peace, this outright aggression is also an outrageous vi~lation of the right~ to self-determination, the universal declaration of human rights, the ~ c convention on the elimination of the crime of genocide and the specific guarantee given to the Kurdish people by the League of Nations at the time of the settlement of the Mosul question which, in any case, was J/,,k ~ g t' •• ff without taking the Q'M:SliORs of our people into sufficient account. For. these reasons and since the Revolutionary Army . . .. -2- F"'-"":....1_ of Kurdistan fully intends to repulse the aggressors and tu bh those responsible, we felt it necessary tc alert wcrld public opinion and the groat powers and to request Your Exccllenc~ · in particular to be so good as to bring this conflict promptly to the attention of the Security Council with a view to restoring ~ in the spirit of the Eleki Report in order more clearly to specify and internationally safeguard the au~onomous rights of Iraqi Kurdistan within the framework of the Iraqi hepublic. Jalal Talabani Chairman of the Dalegation of Kurdish Negotiators at Baghdad for a Peaceful Somution to the Kurdish Problem cc: SG, CVNarasimhan, Mr. Suslov, Registry (orig. incoming) • • j ~ · I ~ r ~ ~ I ~ - ~ /U_4a<.LJ ~':"~ - &~~ ~ ~4~~~ --- ( ~ ~ ~ ~ ~k~ ~) ,. 11 ,. • ECORDS C ROl 1 JU L 963 ,.PI .,!. .3 () .z-1(19/i (2 ) 9 ' • .. .. CC: SG, ...ra. Naruillban and 5ua1oT1 JWgL.t17 -with arig. inooa1ng. I RE CO RDS CONTROL PERMANENT MISSION OF GHANA 1 JUL 1963 TO THE UNITED NATIONS 144 East 44th Street New York 17, N.Y. UN/S/8/25 8th July, 1963 Excellency, I have the honour to convey to Your Excellency, the following message from Osagyefo the President of the Republic of Ghana: "I HAVE BEEN GREATLY ALARMED BY THE PERSISTENT REPORTS WHICH REACH US HERE CONCERNING THE SITUA TION IN IRAQ WHICH INDICATE THAT THERE IS A CIVIL WAR IN IRAQ. IRRESPECTIVE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES INVOLVED AS BETWEEN THE IRAQI GOVERNMENT AND THE KURDISH PEOPLE, I CONSIDER ANY CIVIL WAR A DANGER TO PEACE AND MUST BECOME A MATTER OF CONCERN TO ALL MEMBERS OF THE SECLRITY COUNCIL. IF THESE REPORTS ARE CONFIRMED I WOULD BE OBLIGED IF YOLR EXCELLENCY COULD INFORM ME THE ACTION YOU HAVE TAKEN OR HAVE IN CONTEMPLATION. HIGHEST CONSIDERA- TION. KW AME NKR UMAH. " Please accept, Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration. ~ ~Alex Quaison-Sackey) Ambassador Permanent Representative His Excellency U Thant Secretary-General United Nations Secr ~ tariat United Nations Plaza New York 17, N.Y. ·I • ' • J I I c L . I . J L L 0 I T ) I --·--·------ NY6 CN12 SSS UNIC CAIRO 24/21 9 llOOZ : EI'ATPRIORITE OMNIPRESS ti:VYORK : 269 HO JI"ROI'I KHALIFA STOP MIDE AST NEWSAGE NCY REPORTS SEC9EN THANT VISITS IRAQ EARLY NEXT YEAR END : UNIC CAIRO + OOL 2 69 + c ..,. ~ -\ N tc D616gatlon Kurde Paris ~ le I6 Mai 1969 1t bis , rue de Navarre ('?) Paris ( 59me ) ''-.__/ Your Ex~llency , In the name of the Kurdish people and their leader , Mustafa Barzan! , I submit this appeal for your kind consideration • It is a kown fact that fer the past eight years the Kurdish people living in the northern part of Iraq , have been subjected to severe nilitary attacks , from ground and by air , in addition to the application of an intolerable economic blockade , depriving the whole Kurdish community ef nutri~ion , education and nther necessary amenities of life , by successive Iraqi dictatorial governments who have assumed power by military 'oups • No doubt your Excellency is well familiar with the recent history of Iraq • At the end of the first world war the new state of Iraq was carved out of the Ottoman Empire , with Faisal the first imposed on 1. Iraq as king., by the British government. Despite the compoGition ef Iraqi population representing a number of indigenous minoritiec , the Arab majority rule became dtminante from the start , thus on many eccasions stepping on the legitimate rights ~ . of these non Arab po~~~n , pa~cularly the Kurds • This situation . . . ' '~··:t . • led to many uprisings by the Kurds against trespassing on their right by the Arab authorities supported by the British , becouse of their oil interests whioh lies mainly in Kurdish Territory • However these differences were some wha t composed and the situation had became tolerable ,. specially after the second world war , whan the discrimination against the Kurds was lessened • Unfortunately with the advent of the revolutionary era , thi~ I" picture was reserved , particularly with the appearance of young mi.li tant Arab Nationalist Officers on the scene , who become bent on the total assimilation.of non Arab minorities, specially the Kurds, who.constitute so large a portion of the people of that country • War have been waged by these Arab Nationalist enthusiasts against the Kurds with unrelanting ferooi ty using all the modem means which the His Excellency U Thant Secretary General of U,N, New-York- N.Y. .. .. ·o616gaUon Kurde present military science has produced and whicQmost of the great powers have been pleased to place ~t their disposal , for money obtained from oil revenues , drived from Kurdish soil • Despite all sincere attempts to reach an amicable solution by the Kurds , the Iraqi authorities instead of :responding in a 'similar spirit have used periods of truces provided for the conduct of such talks , to regroup for eventual resumption of hostilities at their choice • The closest point to a genuinine agreement 1vas reached during_ the tenure of office by Abdul rahman Bazaz as prime minister , in June I966 , which policy although decla redly ~pheld by successive governments , no results have been obtained ,be cause of their evasive t actics to impliment this agreement , and again re - sorted to taking full advantage of the lull , in the fighting , in order to get the army ready for the resumption of hostilities , and finally the pre sent extrimist government embarked on a most barbaric air and ground attack, indiscriminately on the Kurdish population on January ~. -196.9. The intitial reports of the results of these operations show t hat the losses suffered by the innocent population both in life and properties have been on a scale surpassing all previous operation • This in short is the sad history of the helpless Kurds of Iraq who have lived there from recorded history , ,deprived of every worldly possession and even their lives for the simple fact that they want a demo cratic regime under which they could live as equals with other Iraqi nati onals • At this juncture we bring to your Excellency' s sense of justice the inhuman measures taken by the present dictatorial , military authorities of Baghdad , with the hope of your Excellency using all the means at your Excellency's disposal to bring an end to this distructions of innocent , e4d_defcnsol cos civil livos nnd their properties • Finally it i s our greatest faith,in your Excellency's personal I• · aim to bring about a rule of justice and order in this turbulent world that we submit this appeal ; hoping that the Kurds will not be left to be des troyed by default • Please , your Excellency , accept my highest considerations • .£~2 /Iff}~~~/ ~!'p4(- ~1 Emir Kamuran A. Bedir-Khan ' ROUTING SLIP FICHE DE TRANSMISSION T01 Mrs. A: Mira FOR ACTION POUR SUITE A DONNER FOR APPROVAL POUR APPROBATION FOR SIGNATURE POUR SIGNATURE PREP ARE DRAFT PROJET A REDIGER FOR COMMENTS POUR OBSERVATIONS MAY WE CONFER? POURRIONS-NOUS EN PARLER? YOUR ATTENTION VOTRE ATTENTION AS DISCUSSED COMME CONVENU AS REQUESTED SUITE A VOTRE DEMANDE NOTE AND FILE NOTER ET CLASSER II NOTE AND RETURN NOTER ET RETOURNER I• FOR INFORMATION XX POUR INFORMATION Date: FROM: 10.?.69 DE: J. Rolz-Bennett 0{.13 (11..64) - ,; ; PERMANENT MISSION OF IRAQ . ,.. : ~ ~q .THE . U~JTED NATIONS 14 EAST 79TH STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. 10021 ; '1 . _ ..:, A.. '·' AIDE tffiMOIRE The Government of Iraq regrets that the 3eeretary-General has been drawn unnecessarily into the subject. However, although the Government of Iraq has only applied its valid laws in respect of the Iranians in Iraq, it has decided, in ~esponse to the appeal of the Secretary-General and that of same Iranian personages, and on humanitarian grounds, to permit to return to Iraq all those Iraniana who enjoy certain oonnexions that necessitate their residence in Iraq. . ' ~- !, .·' . UNITED STATES MISSION • TO THE UNITED NATIONS V$"' . septeillber 9, 1969 ~~ ~ ~~ ~<-?~ ., ~~,, 1 /cl' 7~) II ._,~.-v The Permanent Representative of the tJnited States of America to the tJnited Rations presents his ccmpliments to the Secretary-General of the United Rations and has the honor to refer to his Nate dated August 22, 1969 in which he transmitted a copy of an Aide-Memoire :from the Acting Permanent Representative of Iraq to the United Nations. The Boston, Massachusetts Police ~partment is conducting a full • ".!. investigation of the regrettable incident· involving three members of the Delegation of Iraq to the Twenty-second World Health Assembly. Two sus- pects were held by the police shortly after the incident. However, the victims of the assau1t were not able to identif'y them. In the event of positive identification of the assailants, the three members of the Dele- gation of Iraq who were involved in the incident would be vital prosecution witnesses in any trial. With regard to ensuring the security of the Permanent Mission of Iraq and the Delegation of Iraq to the General Assembly, the Permanent Mission of Iraq has been provided with police protection twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week since January Z[, 1969. Furthermore, Mew York City authorities are prepared to arrange any reasonable additional protection for members of the Delegation of Iraq to the General Assembly that JJJ/3.y be considered necessary. UN 3444/158 cc: ' t IN (.,.~ QJ_f]_.().C ' Gu{' INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE JURISTES • INTERNATIONALE J URISTBN-KOMMISSION COMISION INTERNACIONAL DE J U RISTAS 2, QUAl DU CHEVAL-BLANC, 1211 GENEVA 24, SWITZERLAND e TEL. 42 69 50 e CABLE ADDRESS : INTERJURISTS M~mbus of tlr~ Commission SECRETARY-GENERAL: SEAN MACDRlDB JOSE PI! T. THORSON, HON . PRESIDENT OITAWA, CANADA YIVIA ~ nOSE, HON. PRESIDENT CONFIDENTIAL NAGPUR, INDIA T. S. FERNANDO, PRESIDENT ll September 1969 I COLOMBO, CEYLON A. J . M. VAN 0.'\L, V!CE-PRI!SIOENT Ref. 9/2578 T HE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS OSVALDO I LLANES BENITEZ, VICE-PRESIDENT SANTIAGO, CHILF. SIR ADETOK UNBO A. AD I!: MOLA Dear Secretary General, LAGOS, NIGERIA ARTURO A. ALAFRIZ MANILA, PHILIPPINES GIUSEPPE BEITIOL You may remember that, on 5th June, I wrote ROME, ITALY · DUDLEY B. DONSAL to you transmitting correspondence that had passed N[W YORK, USA PH I LIPPE N. BOULOS BEIRUT , LEDA NON between this Commission and the Iraqi Government U CHAN HTOON RA NGOON, BURMA as ·well as with the Government of Israel. You Ell WHITNEY Df.BEVOISE NEW YORK, USA MANUEL G. ESCOBF.DO kindly acknowledged receipt of my letter on 11th MF.Xl C'O CITY, MEXICO PER T. FEDERSPIEL COPf:".'IIAGE:"l, DENMARK June 1969. ISAAK FORSTER DAKAH, SF.NEGAL FERNANDO FOURNl£R Since writing, we have received a substantial SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA HANS- llliNRICJI JESCHECK FRfiUURG IM DR., GERMANY number~£ complaints concerning allegations of tor 1\El"f. MAYER PARIS, FRANCP. ture in Iraq and I have addressed a further letter SIR LESLIE MlJNRO AlJCKLAr-.·o, 1\:EW ZEALAND JOSE T. NABUCO to the Iraqi Governm~nt, copy of which I enclose RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL LUIS NCGRON FERNANDEZ herewith. SAN JUAN, PUI:RTO RICO PAUL-MAURICE ORDAN G HENT, BELGIUM STEFAN OSUSKY Not having received any reply from the Government WASHINGTON, D .C., USA MOHAMT:I ~ AlJMF.D ABU RANNAT of Israel to my letter of 5th June, I have a ddressed KHARTOUM, SUDAN EDWARD ST. JOHN SYD:".'fY, AUSTRAI.-I•A a further letter to the Prime Minister of Israel, THE RT. HON. LORD SHAWCROSS LONDON, ENGLAND copy of which I enclose. SEBASTIAN SOLER BUENOS AlRF.S, ARGENTINA H . B. TYADII KARACHI, PAKISTAN My purpose in writing to you is to keep you in TERJE W OLD OSLO, NORWAY formed and also to e nable you, s hould you d e em it advisable, to use your influence with the Government of Iraq in an effort to minimise the ill treatment of prisoners a nd, i f possible, to prevent further mass executions ln dubious circumstances. ) We are also very concerned with the treatment 1 in prison of Dr Abdul Rahman Al-Bazzaz who was Prime ../2 TilE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS IS A NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION WHlCH HAS 2 COMMJSSION INTERNATIONALE DE JURISTES INTERNATIONAL COMMtSSION OF JURISTS INTERNATJONALE JURISTEN - KOMMTSSTON COMtSI6N INTERNACIONAL DE JURTSTAS U Thant 17 September 1969 Minister of Iraq. From information at our disposal, it ap pears that his health has been severely affected by his lm prisonment and that he is now seriously ill. He is a man of great value and it would be a tragedy should anything happen to him. Both on humanitarian grounds, and for the good name of Iraq and its future, anything that you could do on his be half would be rendering a service to Iraq itself. I have recently discussed the position in Iraq with the Secretary-General of the Arab League and have also more re cently written to him on the same subject. I have found his attitude to be most cooperative and I think that the Arab League would welcome any steps that can be taken to ameliorate the situation in Iraq. Yours respectfully and sincerely, Sean MacBride Secretary-General U Thant Secretary General United Nations New York NY 10017 US A Enclosures: 2 COMMISs,JON INTERNATIONALE DE JURISTES INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS CG>MISION INTERNACIONAL DE JURISTAS INTERNATIONALE JURISTEN-KOMMISSION 2 , QUA.I OU C H~ V AL·IILANC • .UIW.II:I.WITZI: RLAN 0 I ·I 17 September 1969 Ref • 1~L2574 SJ.:~/mc Dear Mr Alwan, I beg to refer to our earlier correspondence beginning with my letter of 3rd February 1969. We are pursuing the issues raised by you on behalf of the Iraqi GOvernment in your letter of 30th April 1969 with the ~sraeli authorities. ln the me.anwhil we -~tinue to be ,gravely ''• disturbed by the port we continue to receive of violations' oi human .. . rights in Ir ose herewith copy of a short mernora rising the allegations which have be to us together with a list of some of ost prominent persons that are ap-. parently detained in prison in Iraq • .· We 'I should be most grateful to receive the comments of your Government concerning each of the allega- · ·· tions conained in the attached memorandum and an . ..' indication from your Government as to its 'intentions concerning the prisoners named in the appended list. r • . ' "· '· 2 COMMI~ON INTER~ATIONALE DE IURISTES • INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS COHISION INTERNACIONAL DB JURISTAS INTERNATIONALB JURISTEN-KOMMISSION . _,. J •u••••leWITZ'I: RL,AN 0 His Excellency Mohammed Alwan 17 September 1969 permitted. ..~ ··. The events to which this letter refer do considerable harm to the reputation not only of Iraq, but also damage the Arab cause generally. I should be very grateful if you would bring this letter to the attention of Their Excellencies the President ot the Republic and the Minister of Foreign Affairs. I have . ., sincerely, ,, ··...... ·"· ' Sean MacBride Sean MacBride '·• secretary-General His Excellency Mo a ed Alwan Director-General United Nations Department Ministry for FcDeigh Affairs Baghdad Republic of Iraq ,, · Enclosure: 1 ' , ' .I · · '. .( c.c. His Excellency Ambassador ,.Mustafa Kamil YaEiJieen ;· . ~ His E)c;oelle ncy Ambassadoli' Nure . Jamil . I ' )' . . .;, .. ., . .,,.. , . . ~·.. ~ '. . . .· I • .. . ""' SHORT MEMORANDUM ON COfV,PL.. 1. Hundreds of individu~ls have been imprisonld for unlimited periods without tri~l (list of some prominent prisoners 2ppended). 2. Most of these imprisonments h2ve not been done by the com petent o.i:.Cici~l ;:,.uthori ties but by members of the Be-.. ' .:::1.th P0rty, the Government permitt~d this. 3. The prisons, in which these prisoners ure kept, were esta blished by the B0' ~ th P0.rty and do not comply with the minimum stand~rd rules for the tre3tment of prisoners. 4. fV!embers of the B0 '."l.th Party "1 Ct e~s magistr.:::1.tes and the judici~l ~uthorities are not permitted to intervene. 5. Prisoners ure detained in cells of 2 metres by 1.5 metres which ~re used for 2 persons. 6. It is alleged th~t prisoners ~re frequently tortured to obta in "coniessions". Methods o.t.: torture F.llleged: (~) Hanging prisoners for protr~cted periods from the ceiling ~nd be ~ ting them. (b) Burning p~rts of their bodies. (c) ~xtr ? ction o f iinger a nd toe n2ils. (d) Crushing o~ bones. (e) Depriv0tion o£ Eood and wa ter. (f) Threats of sexunl abuse o£ female rel~tives. 7. F~milies of prisoners 0re kept in ignorance of the where abouts of the prisoners ~nd cnnnot communicate with them. B. Prisoners are not given nccess to 1~. wyers of their own choosing. 9. Tri;:tls, when they tilke place, are held in secrecy a.nd neither the d .:::1.te nor the loc~lity o£ such trinls are notiEied to the prisoners' families. ·., .../f s.2581 i ' .. 2 10. A number of prisoners have died while undar detention in circumst~nces that would indic~te th~t they had been tor tured or done to death. The £allowing cQses have in p~r ticul~r been reported to us: (a) Abdul B~hid Zaki ~rrested in September 1968 ~nd imprisoned in Military Prison No.1. Shortly ~~t8r ~is - ,rrast he w~s tortured ~nd diad. (b) Dr N~sser Jl-Hani .'\rrested in October 1968 by m-:mbers of the Ba 'uth Party. The d~y ~iter his ~rrest his body was found, with numerous bullet wounds, on the outskirts o~ Bnghd-"'.d. (c) Sheikh Abdul Aziz ~1-B~dri Arrested while delivering ~ sermon in one o£ Baghd~d's mosques ~t the beginning of June 1969. Hid body w;1s found shortly ~.iterw"''rds outside his residence in Adh1miya. · The body bore evi dence of burns, wounds and crushing. (d) Nu'man Zablook Arrested at his home in B~ghdad in August 1969 by members of the Ba'~th P~rty. Some thirty hours L'1ter he w~s returned to his home where he die d six hours later ~s ~ result o i tortures inflicted upon him. * * * * S.2581 .·• ANNEXUR,.:: TO SHORT £v1£1V!ORANDUIV1 ON CO~lPLAINTS OF VIOLATION 02 HUMAN RIGHTS IN IRAQ R.L::C~IvED BY THE INT£RNATION."\L COM£'.HSSION OF JURISTS, GBNEVA LIST 01:'"' SOJVJl: PROMIN.GNT PRISON£RS .. Pro£. Dr. Abdul R~hman Al-B~zz~z: I Prim.:= Minister September 1965 - ."\ugust 1966; Ir:-oqi Amb0.ss -:-odor to London; Secrt.:ta.ry Gener-:~1 ot: O.P.E.C.; De~n of the College of L~w, B~ghd~d University; ~2mber oi the Court of C~ss~tion~ prominent politi ci3n and author of m~ny ~uthentic books in politics, judici~ls ~nd history. M~jor-Gener~l Taher Y~hy~: Prime Ministe r 1963-1965 1nd 1S67-1S65. MAjor-General Abdul Aziz &U'Qaili: Minister ol Defence 1965-1966~ D.G. of Iraqi Ports Administr3tion 1963-1965~ gradu2te £rom Camberly High School of St~ff Officers (Bngl~nd). Major-Gener~l R2shid Muslih~ Minister o£ Interior and Gener,l Military Governor 1963-1965 • .tVlohr!mmad Siddig Shansh-=>1: l·: ell known l;:~wyer, old po1itici=:m; .tVlinister o£ Culture and Guid~nce, 1958. Prof. Dr. H~ssan Al Thamir: Minister of Municip~lities ~nd Agriculture; ex D.G. o£ The Industri,l Bank, D.G. of the Bank of Co-Oper"'tives. Pro£. Dr. Abdul Ha mid Al Hilali: Minister of ~conomy; ex- D.G. of Ir~q Date Associ"' tion; Ir~qi Cultur~l Attnch~ in Bonn 1958-1963. Abdul l''ahn.b Al Amin: Minister of Labour rind Social Affairs 1958-1959. Prof. Dr. Abdul R"'hman Al Habib: Graduate of Harvard University, USA; Minister of Finance; Prol'essor in B~ghdad University. M.D. Doctor Shamil Al Sam~rraie: ,. Minister of Health ~nd Interior 1967-1968. Prof.Dr. Abdul K3rim K~nnunA: Minister of ~conomics; D.G. of the Mortgage Bank. Pro£. Dr. Kh~in .:Udin H ,"'~ssib: Gove rnor of the Centr~l B3nk 1963-1968. IYi. Dr. K.:- dhim H:;di Shubb -~r (F.R.c.s.)~ One o£ the most we ll known surgeons in Iraq; founder ;:1nd director of Ibn Sinr:1 Hospit~l in B:'lghd~d. M~dh~t Al H~i Sirri: M~yor of B~ghd 2 d 1966-1968; D.G. of Tourism ~nd Summer Resorts 1964-1966. D.G. of R ~ £id0in Bank {b ~ nk of the Government oi Ir~q)~ prominent Ir~qi l 0wyer. Proi. Dr. Yousif J~w~d ~1 ~im ~ r: Under Se~ret,ry oi the Ministry of Agr~ri~n Reformi prominent l :'nvyer ;,nd economist. S'.:\yid r-'1ohamm:'ld H-:> ss.':\ n Al Shir ::~. zi: Le ~ ding Isl~mic person ~ lity; well known author oi philosophic ~nd religious works. H~shim Al Hilli ~ D.G. of the Industri ~ l Ba nk. Pro£. Dr. Hish~m D ~ bb~gh: Preside nt of the Banks org ~ nis~tion. Abdul Aziz B?r~k a t : Pre sident o £ the Ir ~ qi Press Union; publisher of the Alm~n~r newsp ~ per. Num~ n Ala ni : Publisher a nd Chie f Editor of the Al~rab newspaper. Gh~nim Al U'Qaili: Promine nt Ira qi expert ~s a n oil engineeri Director General o f Ira q N0 tion ~ l Oil Comp~ny. Fu3d R'"lk ~ bi: Minister o£ Municip~lities 1964-1965; Founder ~nd L e~de r of (B ~ 'ath ) P ~ rty in Ir ~ q 195q-l959. Abdul R0zzak Al Hilali: Director Gen e r~l o£ the Bank of Agriculture. 5.2501 Abdul K3rim Kann,: Prominent l"'wyer, Member of Parliament 1948-1958. Major-Genaral H,j Ali Ahmad Fuad: .Ret ired g(:mer.:::~l. Briq~dier Shukri M~hmud N~dim: RetiLed brig~dier" .. I fv1.:)jor GeiJ.er"ll__Ibro:~him F.:1is"1.l Ans1ri: Chief St;c"\ ££ .• Iro.qi .'1\rmy 1967-1968. Mojor G e n e ~tl S~'~doon Huss~in~ Comm:=md:.;r of th2 milit;ry field north o£ Ir:::lq. Colonel Abdul ~z iz T,w£ik: Comm0nder oi: the Milit,.ry College, Baghd,:=! d. Gener0l Yassin Jl.1ohcumn<~d Al-S.=~.m:-=tr:=:>.i: Director GenGr?.l o£ milit~ry recruitment. Colonel Anw0r Thamir: Governor of B~sr~h province. Gener~l Said F,thi Al Siggili: Under Se cret0ry o~ t h e Ministry o£ Industry. i\bdull0 Kh2Y <:1. tt: ChieZ Editor oi the Alm?n~= newsp~ per. I s m0il Rashid Sh3hin: D.G. o[ Secu~ity 1965-1967. Governor o£ Hill2 province (Ir=-q). , I Y"'hy?l. Th~nyr>.n: Politici"'n ~ nd r e tired officer. _Ism~ il Khnir?. ll-=l h: Ministe r o£ Foreign Affairs 1967-1968. * * * * 5.2581 11 COMMISt.iiON INTERNAT!ONALE DE JURISTES INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS C<'MISJON JNTERNAC!ONAL DE JURISTAS INTERNATIONALE JURISTEN-KOMMISSION a, QUA• OU CHIEVAL - a\.ANC • OI.NC.VI: e V •••EISWIT ZE~LAN D ' 11,... Septemb,er 1969 · Re£.9/2176 SJV'mc Dear Prime Minister, I beg to refer to my letter of 5th June 1969 to which I do not appear to have received an acknow ledgement or a reply. I am sure that this due to an oversight or pressure of work. I do feel that the sub ject matter of of some tmpo~tance. As in ·the of 5th June 1969, I am of this letter aadHis Excellency Minister of Foreign Affairs. e honour to remain, Yours sincerely, Sean MacBride Sean MacBride Secretary-General Her Excellency Mrs Golda Meir Prime ·Minister of Israel Office of the Prime Minister '. Jerusalem Israel ·. .' ·. . . NEW YORK TIMES, Thursday, 12 March 1970 By DANA ADAMS SCHMIDT the Revolutionary Command Al'tdal to Th• N•w York Ttlllto Council, the ruling government BAGHDAD, Iraq, March 11 body. I On his return to Baghdad · j -The Iraqi Government to- from these talks the Vice Pre- ' night recognized the autonomy mier announced that he had . of the Kurdish · people withinl reached agreement not. on a the Iraqi state, and declared truce or cease-fire but on a ,1 a national holiday tomorrow to "total and final" settlement of celebrate the ~vent. the Kurdish question. , Kurdish sources cautioned, I I The Iraqi President, Lieut. however, that the declaration! Gen. Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, in was unilateral, by the· Govern- a radio and teievision address ment, and that it was up to the following months of negotia" Government to carry it out. tions with the Kurds and years The Kurds emphasized that of rebellion, said that they their armed force, known as the would exercise their national Pesh Merga, or the devotedj rights within a unified area in ones, and numbering about 10,- the north of Iraq. 000 men, would remain intact l He said that one Iraqi Vice while the agreement was being President would be a Kurd, that Tho New York Times March 12. 1970 carried out. Kurds would have proportional Diagonal shading delineates _The question of whether the representation in a future Iraqi re of th K d 5 • 1 town of Kirkuk, center of the Parliament and that the Kurdish • a e ur 1ft raq. Iraqi oil fields, should be in- language would be an official eluded in he Kurdish area re- lang~age, along with Arabic, in independence and managed in mained open. Kurdish .areas. 1946 to form a short-lived re- Government to Keep Oil All th1s and more, the Pres!· . . . . · dent said will be· written into a pubhc m Iran, m the regiOn be· But the Government made new Iraqi constitution recog· tween Soviet and British occu· clear that it would ke.ep con nizing that the country is pation zones, but with Soviet ~,roJ of the. Qil, by statmg t~at formed of two nationalities, support. .the developme~t and expiOJta- Kurds and Arabs Th K d . I h t1on of the nattonal resources A representativ~ of the Kurds e u~ 8 10 raq,. owe~er, of the area is the responsibil- read a statement over radio have contmued the ftght ~ mce ity of the republic." and television asserting that World War II not for mde- The Kurds' agreement for the declaration' had the full sup- p~nd_ence but . for autonomy coming to terms is that, no port of Gen. Mustafa ai-Barzani, WJthm the Iraqt st~te. . matter what some Kurds may the leader of the Kurds. General Ba~zan .t, a tnb.al think of the Baath, the. chance . ~ead~r, began f1ghtmg the Bnt- to reach agreement w1th . any Fighting for Centuries . Ish m Iraq 40 years ago and Iraqi Government that recog- lf it is carried out-as pre- continued to fight the Iraqi re- nized Kurdish autonomy was a vious accords have not been- p~blic. He unit~d the Kurdish historic opportunity. the declaration will end eight tribes and gamed de facto Moreover, General Barzani is and a half years of sporadic autonom:t in 1961. , . getting old. While his age is warfare between the Baghdad The final negotiations on given as 66, some believe that Government and the Kurds. Iraq which P:esident Bakr based his he is older. And the Kurds, with has a population of 8.6 million declaratiOn today were between thousands of their villages in people of whom 1.5 million to General Barzani and Sidan ruins from fighting and from 2 million are Kurds. Five million Hussein Taarit, the Assistant aerial bombardment, and with a , other Kurds live in Turkey while Secretary General of the Iraqi generation growing up it is estimated that three mil- Baath party, who is reputed to without education, are lion live in Iran. be the most powerful man in If the det::lllfatlolli •dioetl ;-:-~.··~ Kurds have been fighting the ~ountry. ~e is a.lso Vice t? fi Turks, Persians and Arabs for Prem1er, end v1ce chairman .Jf g1ve . centuries. They rose in a series of futile rebellJona in Tur~y _..._afq!r WOdd U tn . t • ·r '. . . . . I w . ·,. I - · 'ft ·';. q Place Priority On Con:solidating Their Powe l r ROUTING SLIP FICHE DE TRANSMISSION TOa Hrs. Mira As FOR ACTION POUR SUITE A DONNER FOR APPROVAL POUR APPROBATION FOR SIGNATURE POUR SIGNATURE PREP ARE DRAFT PROJET A REDIGER FOR COMMENTS POUR OBSERVATIONS MAY WE CONFER 1 I POURRIONS-NOUS EN PARLER 1 • YOUR ATTENTION VOTRE ATTENTION AS DISCUSSED COMME CONVENU AS REQUESTED SUITE A VOTRE DEMANDE NOTE AND FILE NOTER ET GLASSER NOTE AND RETURN ! NOTER ET RETOURNER FOR INFORMATION X POUR INFORMATION Date: FROM: 21.3.70 DE: J. Rolz- Bennett CR.13 (11•• 64) , - - .m:B/br cc. llr. llaraablball lira. Mira le&iat17 ( ) ___. ... - .; ' i .\ PERMANENT MISSION OF IRAQ TO THE UNITED NATIONS 14 EAST 79TH STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. 10021 UN/14/637 ~/t ,_..;-/I //t>Ptf X/: /d r\:_ . ~{) >~fr7rJ (~ The Acting Permanent Representative of Iraq ..' to the United Nations presents his compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and has the honour to inform that on 11th March, 1970, The Revolutionary Command Council of Iraq issued a proclafmation which prescribed, inter alia, the following constitutional and administrative decisions and measures: 1. Amendments of the Interim Constitution in a manner reaffirming that the Iraqi people is formed by two major nationalities, that is, the Arab and Kurdish nationalities. 2. Acknowledgement of the principle of Kurdish participation in the Government. 3. Adoption of measures to deepen and widen the practice by the Kurdish people of the totality of their national rights in order to ensure their enjoyment of autonomy within the Iraqi Republic. 4. The proportionate representation of the Kurdish people 1n the Leg islature. 5. Recognition of the right of the Kurdish p ~ ople to form popular organizations. I 2 •• - 2 - 6. The agreement that one of the Vice-Presidents shall be a Kurd. 7. The Kurdish language shall be, along with Arabic, an official language in the regions where the majority of the population is Kurdish. 8. The laying out of plans to rectify the decline which has befallen the Kurdish nationality in the past in its educational and cultural asp ects. 9. The establishment of an expert body to improve the Kurdish region in every aspect. 10. The preparation of the economic plan in a manner e nsuring the balanced deve lopment o f the various regions of Iraq giving due attention to the circumstances of backwardness in the Kurdish region. 11. The speedy i mp lementation of the Law of Agraria n Reform in the Kurdish reg ion. 12. Indiscrimination betwe e n Iraqis in appoi ntments to all public o ffi ce~. 1 3 . Reins tatement of all Kurdish civil and military personnel in the Public Servic e. 14. Rehabilitation o f n eedy a nd des t i tute Kurds . The proclaimati on of The Revoluti onary Command Counc il has me t with the unqua l i f i e d s upport o f the Iraqi peop l e , a nd Mullah Mus t afha Ba rzani , leader o f the Kurdish Democratic Party has s ent a cable to His Excelle ncy the President o f the Republic d ecl a ring his full a nd solemn / 3 •• ., - 3 - commitment to the proclaimation in letter and spirit. The Acting Permanent Representative of Iraq avails himself of this opportunity to renew to the Secretary- General the assurances of his highest consideration. 13th March, 1970.